How to teach reading effectively

SỞ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO THANH HỐ PHỊNG GD&ĐT THÀNH PHỐ THANH HÓA SÁNG KIẾN KINH NGHIỆM HOW TO TEACH READING EFFECTIVELY Người thực hiện: Nguyễn Thị Tường Vân Chức vụ: Giáo viên Đơn vị công tác: Trường THCS Minh Khai SKKN thuộc lĩnh vực (môn): Tiếng Anh THANH HOÁ NĂM 2021 TABLE OF CONTENTS Part Part Content Background The reason for choosing the topic Methods to research this topic Part Part Resolutions The way to read English test Reading subs-skills Principles of teaching reading Steps for presenting a reading text The two kinds of reading text Techniques of teaching reading Some main kinds of reading exercises Games used in teaching reading Conclusion To teachers To students The results after applying these experiences Page 3 4 5 22 23 23 23 23 PART 1: BACKGROUND The reason for choosing the topic: Reading skill is one of the most important skills to language learners The purposes of learning English are to learn how to listen, speak, read and write English well Englins is an international language It is a means of communication of people from different countries in the world Many books are written in English So how to help readers understand information written in English in books, newspapers, magazines, etc is very important If students have a good reading skill, they can easily understand the information written in English well To English teachers, helping students drill their reading skill is more important because it is one of the four skills in teaching English Moreover, teachers have to teach students reading skills so that they can understand the knowledge in English books and in English tests To students, about 30 percent or even more than 30 percent of the exercises in their English tests are to test their reading skills So if students have a good reading skill, they can easily complete their English tests well Moreover, people said that “A good reader make a good writer” If students are good at reading, of course, they are good at writing, speaking, and listening In conclusion, how to teach students to be good at reading skills in English is very important And my ideas above are the reasons why I have spent most of my time studying the topic : “ How to teach reading effectively?” Methods to research this topic: First of all, I use the knowledge of methods I have learnt at University Secondly, I read many methodogical books to get the knowledge of the methods to teach reading Moreover, I learn many experiences from my colleagues With all the knowledge I have collected, I use them in teaching my students reading skills After that, I choose the methods which are suitable for my students this means that I choose the methods which make my students good at reading skill I use these methods many times and then they become my own experiences Now I am writing my own experiences in teaching reading in this material PART 2: RESOLUTIONS I The ways to read English texts: There are many ways to read English texts Reading aloud : The purpose of reading aloud is to communicate someone’s information written to other people such as reading newspapers, news, letters, passages, messages, etc … In teaching foreign languages , reading aloud has fewer effects to the development of students’reading skill, but It mainly helps students practice pronunciation, intonation, stress or reading for announcing something Silent reading : When we want to read in order to understand something or to get information, we often read silently It means that we only look at the words and understand them in our mind Intensive reading: including two kinds of reading * Reading for details or research * Reading for analysis ( in order to learn the language ) Extensive reading: including three kinds: * Reading for pleasure * Scanning * Skimming II Reading sub- skills: There are some main reading sub-skills that I often drill my students: Reading for recognizing words and their meanings in the text Reading for understanding sentences or paragraphs in the text Scanning Skimming Predicting the content of the sentences or texts Guessing the meanings of the new words from contexts Using dictionaries for reading Inferring meaning Reading for total comprehension 10 Critical reading 11 Outlining 12 Paraphrasing 13 Summarizing 14 Timed reading 15 Strip stories ( ordering exercises ) 16 Closing III PRINCIPLES OF TEACHING READING: When teaching a reading text, It is benificial to state a purpose for reading a given text Tell the students why they are reading the text It is to skim for the main ideas? It is to scan for specific information? It is for critical reading? The purpose of reading task should be stated to the students before they read Prepare the students to read by introducing the topic of the passage Before the students read the text, have them read questions about it before hand to help them focus on the meaning Do not pre-teach vocabulary unless necessary Have the students read silently without whispering the words or moving their lips This will help them read more quickly and focus on the more important words Discuss difficult vocabulary after reading the text If they not understand certain words by guessing from context, help them by explaining the meaning, by definition or example When discussing the answers to comprehention questions, be sure to refer back to the text often Finally, remember to focus on developing the skills of the readers The purpose of teaching reading is not only to help the students understand the context for that day, but also to help them learn to read effectively for themselves To this,they must develop many sub-skills of reading like skimming, scanning, predicting, guessing from context and reading for total comprehension IV STEPS FOR PRESENTING A READING TEXT: Give a brief introduction to get students thinking about the topic of the text Ask students to say more words they know about the topic teach some key words State a purpose for reading the text ( skim, scan, read for total information, etc … ) Write one or two guiding questions on the board to focus their attention Tell the students how much time they have to read Do not allow them much time, especially in skimming and scanning exercises Have the students answer the given questions about the text Present a follow-up activity In this, the students can share their own opinions or discuss what else they know about the topic of the text V THE TWO KINDS OF READING TEXT: There are many purposes of reading texts , but in this material I will mention two kinds of reading texts with two different purposes * The reading text in order to present the language * The reading text in order to teach students reading skills HOW TO EXPLOIT THE TWO KINDS OF READING TEXTS: Exploiting the reading text in order to present the new language: -If the main aim of the reading text is to present the new language, the teacher’s work is to help students understand the text through presentation, explanation, and noticing students about the content as well as the new language in the text Then the follow-up tasks are in order to check the students’understanding and the use of the new language Followings are the basic steps to exploit the reading text in order to present the new language : a Introducing the text by using many different techniques such as telling stories , asking questions , revising previous lessons relating to the new lesson b Introducing the content of the text ( using pictures if possible ) and introducing new words and structures If the text is long , we can divide it into small paragraphs c Practising asking and answering about the text , using the new language in the text d Practising the new language in the context of the text and the content of the text e Consolidating, summarizing, building up the text, using the following exercises: - Rearrange the text in order - Build up the text - Retell the story with prompts given - Retell each part orally - Sum up the main ideas of the text, basing on the prompts given f Read the text aloud in order to practice pronunciation, intonation g Follow-up activities ( intergrate the skills: listening, speaking, reading, writing) Exploiting the reading text in order to develop students’reading skills: In some reading texts in order to develop students’reading skills, teachers not only help students to understand the content of the text, but also give out some follow- up tasks in order to help students practice their reading skills Those skills can help students read different passages with different purposes In this kind of reading text, teachers not present, introduce the content of the reading text, but the students themselves have to read the text and find out the content of the reading text The role of the teacher is to help, prompt, guide, give out suggestions, and check the students’ answers The activities in order to develop students’reading skills are usually carried on with stages: - Pre- reading activities - While- reading activities - Post- reading activities a Pre-reading activities: The activities and the techniques at this stage are in order to reach the following purposes: - Arouse interest ( gây hứng thú ) - Set up the context ( thiết lập ngữ cảnh ) - Create reasons for reading - Pre-teach structures, new words - Introduce briefly the topic; content - Eliciting, guiding questions - Predict the text - Give expectation about the text ( nêu điều muốn biết đọc ) b While-reading activities: While-reading activities are exercises which are done while students are reading the text Students can read the text many times and these exercises At this stage, students exploit the content of the text Depending on the purpose and the content of each certain text There will be different questions and different requirements The followings are activities and techniques usually used at this stage: - Find the word / sentence that says ……… - Check / tick the correct answer - True - false - Complete the table - Fill in the chart - Make up charts / diagrams - Make a list of……… - Matching - What does …… stand for ? / refer to? - What does ………… Mean ? - Answer the questions on the text c Post-reading activities: After students read and the exercises about the text, teachers go on giving some exercises that require the understanding of students about the total content of the text, relate to real life, consolidate the structures, and the new language in the text Followings are some kinds of exercises usually used at this stage: - Arrange the events in order - Find the sentence that summarizes the paragraph / text - Give the tittle of the reading text - Give comments, opinions on the characters in the text - Discussion questions - Reproduce the text ( written or oral ) - Gap-filling - Rewrite the story from jumble sentences / words / visual cues - Role- play basing on the text - Make dialogues basing on the text - Guess the consequences / results of the story - Develop another story basing on the text - Personalized tasks ( e.g: write / talk about your own school / family / town / story on … ) + Tell a similar event on …… + What would you / behave / say in that situation? + Make your own plan / decision ……… - Grammar practice and exercises, etc ……… VI TECHNIQUES OF TEACHING READING: * Pre-reading techniques: Ordering statements: - From a story, the teacher jumbles the sentences in the story and then asks the students to put the sentences in the correct order Jigsaw dictation: Ex :- Draw a stadium and give some words about the players - Ask the students to put the words ( the names of the players ) in the right places in the stadium to have a team in the field Ordering pictures: Ex : When students read a text about a christmas tree, the teacher gives some pictures about ornaments, colour lights, gifts, etc…and a Christmas tree Students have to put the pictures in the right positions on the Christmas tree Listen and draw: Ex : When the students read a text about a farm, The teacher reads a discription about the things on the farm, students listen and draw the scenery on the farm True – false statement prediction: Ex : when students read a text about a famous person, the teacher gives some information about that famous person such as: date of birth, place of birth, date of death, famous inventions … Students have to guess whether that information is true or false Open-prediction : Ex: when students read a text about the Tet holiday, the teacher gives some questions such as: a What Vietnamese children at Tet? b Do children in England visit their relatives during the Tet holiday? c.What people in Viet Nam prepare for Tet? - Students have to find out the information to answer these questions * While – reading and post – reading techniques: True – false statements Yes-no questions Right or wrong ( v ) or ( x ) Answers given: the teacher gives some answers and students have to make questions for those answers Wh – questions Multiple choice: Choose the best answer : A, B, C, or D Gap – filling Grids and forms Name: Place of birth: Date of birth: Job: Place of burial: Date od death: Names of his novels: Role-play: Interviewer Where were you born ? When were you born ? Shakespeare a I was born in Stratford-onAvon b I was born in 1667 10 Matching 11 Rewrite 12 Discussion 13 Songs and rhyms / songs on tapes VII SOME MAIN KINDS OF READING EXERCISES: Students must get acquainted with many kinds of exercises when studying reading skills The followings are some of the most popular kinds of reading exercises Read a text and answer the questions Ex: Read the text carefully, then answer the questions The ancient town of Hoi An lies on the Thu Bon River, 30 km south of Da Nang It was formerly a major trading center in Southeast Asia between the 16 th and 17th centuries Hoi An is famous for its old temples, pagodas, small tile-roofed houses and narrow streets All the houses were made of wood and their pillars were carved with ornamental designs All visitors to Hoi An are recommended a visit to the Assembly Hall of Cantonese Chinese Congregation This house was built in 1855 and still keeps many precious objects that belonged to the Chinese community of Hoi An Another attractive address to tourists is Tan Ky House, which was constructed nearly two centuries ago as a house of a Vietnamese merchant the house now looks almost exactly as it did in the early 19th century In recent years, Hoi An has become a popular tourist destination in Vietnam In 1999, it was certified by UNESCO as a world Cultural Heritage Site Where is the ancient town of Hoi An situated? What was Hoi An known as between the 16th and 17th centuries? What is it famous for ? What are the old houses in Hoi An like ? How old is The Assembly Hall of Contonese Chinese congretation? When was Tan Ky House built ? When was Hoi An declared by UNESCO as a world Cultural Heritage Site ? * Answers: The ancient town of Hoi An is situated on the Thu Bon River, 30 km south of Da Nang Between the 16th and 17th centuries, Hoi An was known as a major trading center in southeast Asia Hoi An is famous for its old temples, pagodas, small tile-roofed houses and narrow streets All the old houses in Hoi An were made of wood and their pillars were carved with ornamental designs The Assembly Hall of Cantonese Chinese Congretation was built in 1855 It’s about 152 years old The Tan Ky House was built in the early 19th century In 1999 Read a text and decide whether the following statements are true or false Ex: Read the passage and decide if the statements below are true (T) or fales(F) Pollution is a major problem of our times Air, water and land are all polluted Poor waste disposal is to blame for many of the problems and the situation is particularly accute in heavily industrialized and over- populated regions Pollution of the atmosphere has led to the destruction of the ozone layer and to the green house effect Other environmental problems have been caused by too rapid a use of resources There are far fewer fish in the sea because of over- fishing and the destruction of the rain forests is having unforeseen ecological consequences Battery farming provides a lot of food but involves keeping animals in unnatural and unhealthy condition * Decide if it is true(T) or false(F) Correct the false sentences 10 1…… pollution is an important problem nowadays 2…… Pollution of the atmosphere has destroyed the ozone layer 3…… There are more fish in the sea due to over- fishing 4…… Battery farming provides a lot of food and involves keeping animals in good condition 5…… Poor waste disposal causes pollution Answers: T T F there are far fewer fish in the sea because of over -fishing F Battery farming provides a lot of food but involves keeping animals in unnatural and unhealthy condition T Read an open – text and find out the suitable words to fill in the blanks ( the words are not given, so students have to think and find out the suitable words to fill in the blanks ) Ex : Read the open text and then find the missing words to fill in the blanks Everyone wants to reduce pollution But pollution problem is (1)……… complicated as it is serious It is complicated (2)……… much pollution is caused by things that benefit people For example, exhaust (3)……… Automobiles causes a large percentage of all air pollution But automobiles (4)…………transportation for millions of people Factories discharge much of the material (5)……… Pollutes the air and water, but factories give employment to a large (6)………of people Too much firtilizer or pesticide can ruin soil, but fertilizers and pesticide (7) ……… important aids to the growing of crops Thus, to end (8)……… greatly reduces pollution immediately , people would have to (9)……… using many things that benefit them Most people not want to that, of course But pollution can (10)……….gradually reduced in several ways * Answers: 10 as Because/ as From provide which member are or stop be Read a text and fill in the incomplete sentences given with the information from the text Ex : Read the passage carefully and complete the following sentences Northern Japan has been rocked by a series of earthquakes and aftershocks that began on 23 October 2004 and left at least 23 people dead and thousands more injured and homeless The initial quake that struck the Niigata prefecture on Honshu Island measured 6.5 on the Richter Scale, with a depth of 9.8 miles, according to the U.S Geological Survey(USGS) The earthquake’s epicenter was located about 162 miles northwest of 11 Tokyo in Ojiya City, where several deaths were reported, housing was destroyed and landslides added to the devastation Tremors from the initial quake were said to have been felt as far away as Tokyo, with two aftershocks measuring 6.2 and 6.0 on the Richter Scale and another 5.7- magnitude earthquake occurred on Monday, October 25th The quakes demolished more than 1,000 buildings, caused widespread power and gas outages and damaged water mains Rescue efforts were hindered by impassible roads, lack of electricity and collapsed bridges a A series of earthquakes and aftershocks happened in …………in October, 2004 b The strength of the initial earthquake measured …………………………………………… c The strength and the depth of the earthquake were measured by ……………… d The center of the earthquake was ………………………… e Tremors from the initial earthquake were felt in ………… , with two aftershocks and another earthquake measuring ………….on the Richter Scale f More than 1,000 buildings were …………………… g After the earthquakes, the supply of …………… and …………was interrupted in many places h Impassable roads, lack of electricity, and collapsed bridges prevented …………… Read a text and make questions for the answers given Ex: Read the passage and then use the information given to make questions JONATHAN SWIFT ( 1667 – 1745 ) Jonathan Swift, a famous English writer, was born in a poor family in Dublin, Ireland His father died some months before the boy was born His mother found work in England and left Jonathan in his uncle’s family The boy learnt very well at school and his uncle sent him to the university for four years In 1689, Swift went to England and found there work of a secretary to a member of Parliament At that time, Swift began to write articles for newspapers in which he attacked the Government of England and its colonial policy in Ireland He wanted the Irish people to be free and happy Soon Swift began to write not only articles for newspapers but satirical novels, too In 1726 he wrote the novel “Gulliver’s travels” which made him famous It was a satirical novel about England People liked the book not only in England and Ireland but in other countries, too Answers given An English writer In Dublin, Ireland In his uncle’s family In 1689 In 1726 Questions What was Jonathan’s job? Where was he born? 12 Read a text and use the cues given to make questions and answer them Ex : Read the following passage , then make up questions and answer them Everyday on radio, on TV, and in the newspapers, we hear, see, or read about many problems in the world, for example, pollution problems Air pollution is the first kind It mostly comes from fumes released from motorbikes, cars, airplanes, trains, and poisonous gases emitted from factoties Also, waste is dumped anywhere, even in the city where many people are living The second pollution problem is sea pollution Many people earn their living from fishing in the sea, and the fish they catch feed many people But the sea has become so polluted from oil spills and factory wastes that the fish are dying This pollution is not only killing the fish, but is also affecting those people who eat fish Seldom you find a place nowadays that is not polluted This problem is growing more difficult everyday We must find a good solution that makes the world a better place to live a How often / hear, see or read / problem / world? b What / cause / air pollution? c Where / rubbish /dump ? d What / cause / sea pollution? e What / happen / when / sea / pollute? f What / should / now? Read a text and complete the summary , using the information from the text Ex : Read the passage and use information from the passage to complete the summary Van, a student from Ho Chi Minh City, is an exchange student in the USA He is now living with the Parker family on a farm 100 kilometers outside Columbus, Ohio He will stay there till the beginning of October Mr Parker grows maize on his farm, while Mrs.Parker works part-time at a grocery store in a nearby town They have two children Peter is the same age as Van, and Sam is still in primary school Since Van arrived, he has been learning a lot about life on a farm In the afternoon, as soon as he completes his homework, he feeds the chicken and collects their eggs On the weekends, If Mr Parker is busy, the three boys help him on the farm On Saturday afternoon, Peter plays baseball The Parker family and Van eat hamburgers or hot dogs while they watch Peter play The Parkers are nice so Van feels like a member of their family 13 * Complete the following summary: A Vietnamese boy named Van is living with the Parker family in the American state of (1)……… Mr Parker is a (2)…………and Mrs.Parker (3)………….in a nearby town They have two children, (4)………… and (5)………… .Van often does chores (6)……… School Sometimes , he also helps on the (7)………… The 8.family Read arelaxes text and in the form /the grid on fill Saturday afternoon and (8)………… Peter play (9)………… Ex : Read the passage about Shakespeare and then complete the form Van likes the Parkers, and he enjoys being a (10)……… of their family SHAKESPEARE Shakespeare, the famous English playwright, was born at Stratford- on- Avon in central England in 1564 He married Anne Hathaway when he was eighteen and had three children After that he left his family and went to London to begin his career as an actor, and later, a playwright He wrote about thirty seven plays of all kinds: comedies, tragedies and histories Shakespeare is known all over the world as the greatest name in English literature He died in 1616 and buried in his hometown Name: Date of birth: Place of birth: Job: His wife’s name: Number of his children: Date of dead: Place of burial: Names of his novels: Read the mixed sentences and then rearrange them into the correct order to make a complete passage Ex: The following sentences belong to a passage about Peter’s life, but they are mixed Put the sentences in their correct order to make a complete passage a He spent four years at the University b After finishing University, he started working in a factory c Peter finished school in 1980 d He became the director of the factory in 1994 e In the year 2000 he came back to England f He went to University at the same year g In 1996 he came back to Viet Nam to the business h In 1984 he finished University * Answer : c - f – a – h – b – d – g – e 14 10 Read the sentences they belong to two passages , but they are mixed Sort the sentences out and put them in the correct order of each passage Ex : The following sentences belong to two passages, but they are mixed The passage A is about How the May Day holiday began in England The passage B is about Easter Sort the sentences out and put them in the correct order of each passage a Many hundred years ago, there were many villages and few towns in England b The villagers liked to go into the forests and the fields when spring came c Easter is a joyful festival which is celebrated in many countries d On the first Sunday of May they usually took a tree back with them and put it in the centre of the village e It happens at around the same time as Passover f The children danced round it and the men and the women took part in games around it g Later the international working class made the first of May their day of solidarity h On Easter Day, young children receive chocolate or sugar eggs as long as they are good i In many countries, people crowd the streets to watch colorful parades * Answer: Passage A a–b–d–f–g Passage B c–e–h–i 11 Read a passage and find the words from the passage having the same meaning as the words given in the exercise ( or find the words from the passage having different meaning from the words given in the exercise ) Ex : Read the passage carefully and find the words in the passage having the same meanings as the words in the exercise below UFOs are strange flying objects that some people report they have seen in the sky and believed to be spacecraft from another planet Many scientists not believe so They say that if people see a UFO, it might be an aircraft, a weather balloon or a meteor However, there is still evidence for people to believe in the existence of UFOs In 1947, Kenneth Arnold, an experienced pilot in the USA , reported that he saw nine large objects traveling at about 2,800 meters an hour to the left and north of Mount Rainie In 1952, there were more than 1,500 UFO sightings around the world In 1954, a woman and her children believed they saw a UFO above their house The woman said she saw two aliens in the spacecraft In 1964, a farmer claimed he saw an egg-shaped object in one of his fields and also aliens collecting soil samples In 1971, two men claimed they were captured by aliens and taken aboard a spacecraft After being examined by the aliens, the men were freed 15 Exercise 1: Find the words from the text having the following meanings a proof / support b falling star / or shooting star c unknown / strange people or things d bring together or gathering e caught as a prisoner f become impossible to see 12 Read a passage and number the sentences given as mentioned in the passage Ex : Read the passage, then number the sentences The students of Quang Trung School had a medical check-up yesterday Hoa, Lan and Nga filled in their medical records and gave them to the nurse When the nurse called her name, Hoa left the the waiting room and came to the nurse’s room First, the nurse took her temperature Then, she measured her Next, the nurse weighed Hoa Finally, the nurse told Hoa to go back to the waiting room Hoa went back to the waiting room to wait for the doctor a The nurse weighed Hoa b Hoa returned to the waiting room c Hoa left the waiting room d The nurse called Hoa’s name e The nurse measured Hoa f Hoa filled in her medical record g The nurse took Hoa’s temperature h The nurse told Hoa to go back to the waiting room * Answer : f d C g e a h b 13 Read a passage and the sentences given below Then choose the best summary of the passage from the sentences given Ex : Read the passage and then decide which of the followings is the best summary of the passage In Western countries, electricity, gas, and water are not luxury but necessities Companies now realize that consumers want products that will not only work effectively, but also save money For most North American households, lighting accounts for 10 percent to 15 percent of the electricity bill However, this amount can be reduced by replacing an ordinary 100-watt light bulb with an energy-saving bulb These bulbs use a quarter of the 16 electricity of standard bulbs and last eight times longer Therefore, consumers can save about US$7 to US$21 per bulb In Europe, threr is a labeling scheme for refrigerators, washing machines, freezers and tumble dryers The label tells the consumers how much energy efficiency each model has, compared with other appliances in the same category Ultimately, these innovations will save money as well as conserve the Earth’s resources * Which of the followings is the best summary of the passage Energy- saving bulbs should be used to save electricity In Western countries, electricity, gas, and water are necessities North American and European countries are interested in saving money Labeling schemes help save energy * Answer: 14 Read a passage and then take role – play about the content of the text Ex : Read the passage about Isaac Newton and then take role-plays in pairs : one of you is an interviewer, the other is Isaac Newton Isaac Newton is one of the greatest men in the history of scientists He was born in a small village of wootsphore in England His father was a poor farmer When the boy was fourteen, his father died Newton left school and helped his mother on the farm But the boy did not like farming, he was font of poetry and mathematics So Newton was sent to school where he studied well and made his first scientific experiments After he left school, Newton studied at Cambridge University After graduating, Newton lectured on mathematics at Cambridge University His greatest discovery is the law of gravitation He died on March 20, 1727 Today there is a monument of Newton in Trinity College at Cambridge Interviewer Where were you born? What is your job? What is your father’s job? … Isaac Newton I was born in a small village of Wootsphore in England I’m a scientist He is a farmer 15 Read some separate passages and the descriptions , then decide which passage each description talks about Ex: Read about places in Sydney, Australia and then decide whether following people should choose which of the most suitable places for them 17 A The Harbourside Development is one of the world’s most exciting places to shop It’s found right on the edge of Sydney Habour, and there are over 200 shops, selling everything from home-made sweets to the very latest in fashion; from Australian souvenirs to Swiss watches and Japanese cameras C B D The Opera House This is a 20th century masterpiece of engineering and offers top international performances A guided tour lasts two hours and is available any day between am and pm Special “backstage” tours are available on Sundays A visit to the Australian Museum is like an adventure across Australia There are exhibitions on the people and their way of life, and the whole continent.talks and guided tours help to make your visit unforgettable There’s also a café and a good book shop, selling excellent maps E F The State Library is in the oldest part of Sydney There are free film screenings, guided tours and educational activities It has regular exhibitions of books on science and technology Learn to use a microcomputer, watch a video, or look through the library shop G The Australian Wildlife Park has been specially built to give people an extra close look at Australia’s native animals Have your photo been taken with a kangaroo, touch and feed koala bears There are talks every afternoon about these animals, which are only found in this part of the world Excellent souvenir shop One of the world’s leading museums, the Powerhouse Museum has over 25 exhibitions on the latest developments in science and technology Everything from a NASA space station to the first car ever built can be found at this Museum There are also many activities for children here Surrounded by the modern city, the Rocks is the oldest part of Sydney and full of history On weekends there are outdoor concerts and street theatre to enjoy Every Saturday and Sunday there is a market where it is possible to buy the works of local artists H Taronga Zoo has Australia’s finest collection of rainforest birds and a sealife center which has many of the fish that can be found off the coasts of Australia and New Zealand Taronga is also famous for its large group of South East Asian monkeys Snacks available at café 18 a Mr Binh is an engineer and would like to spend a day looking at modern inventions and scientific discoveries His 12-year-old daughter will probaly go with him b Mrs Huong and her young son want to spend a day out and see some of the animals that Australia is famous for.Mrs Huong also wants to buy presents to take home c Before she leaves Australia, Mai wants to spend a day shopping She is looking for something special for her father, who is interested in art She dislikes large shopping centers d Mr Long is hoping to spend six months touring round the whole of Australia Before setting off he wants to find out as much as possible about its history and inhabitants e Mr Trung is interested in modern buildings, and always likes to get to know as much as possible about them He also enjoys listening to music * Answers: a + G b+B c+F d+C e+D 16 Read an open – text and choose the correct word or phrase ( A, B, C, or D ) to complete the passage Ex: Read the passage below and choose the correct word for each space Wales has a (0)…… of about three million English is the main language and only twelve per cent speak both Welsh and English Every year (1)………August there is a Welsh- speaking festival It (2)……… place in a different town each year so everyone has the chance for it to be near them Local people (3)……….years making plans for when the festival will be in (4)……… town Each festival is (5)……… by about 160,000 people They travel not only from naerby towns and villages (6)……….also from the rest of the British Isles and (7)……… from abroad There are concerts, plays and (8)……… To find best singers , poets, writers, and so on Shops sell Welsh music, books, pictures and clothes as (9)…………as food and drink The festival provides a chance for Welsh- speaking people to be together for a whole week, with (10)…………Welsh language all around them A people B public C population D country A on B by C in D at A Takes B finds C has D makes A pass B put C spend D A our B their C his D its A arrived B attended C joined D come A but B and C since D however A just B hardly C quite D even A test B examination C competitions D races A long B far C good D well 19 10 A one B a C the D some Answers: C A C B B A D C D 10 C 17 Read the text carefully and choose the correct answer The research of alternative resources of energy has resulted in different directions Many communities are burning garbage and other biological waste products to produce electricity Experimental work is being done to make synthetic fuels (nhiên liệu tổng hợp) from coal, or coal tars But to date , that process has proved expensive Some experts are trying to revive hydroelectric power which is derived from streams and rivers Fifty years ago, hydroelectric power provided one third of the electricity used in the United States, but today it supplies only four per cent The oceans are another source of energy Scientists are studying ways to change the energy of ocean currents, tides, and waves into electricity - synthetic fuel: nhiên liệu tổng hợp - hydroelectric power:năng lượng thuỷ điện What are many communities doing to produce electricity? a burning garbage and other biological waste products b changing waste products into power c searching for alternative resources Has the process of making synthetic fuels proved cheap or expensive? a It has proved cheap b It has proved expensive c It hasn’t proved expensive Where is hydroelectric power derived from? a rivers and oceans b lakes and streams c rivers and streams What percentage of the electricity used in the United States does hydroelectric power provide today ? a 33% b.35% c 4% What are scientists studying ? a ways to have electricity from the energy of ocean b ways to change the energy of ocean currents, tides, and waves into electricity c a and b are correct * Answers: 1–a 2–b 3–c 4–c 5–c 18 Read an open – text and choose the words given to fill in the blanks 20 Late , Lunar , greetings , celebrated , make , on , sticky , their , visits , one Vietnamese’s New year is(1)……….according to the Lunar calendar.It is officially known as the (2) … ……New Year or Tet It occurs in (3)……….January or early February The exact date changes from year to year Vietnamese people usually(4) ……… preparation for Tet holiday several weeks beforehand They clean and decorate (5)…………homes,cook special food such as (6)………rice cakes, and make offerings (7)……… the family altars On Tet, people usually put on their new clothes, give (8)………… another the Tet season’s (9)……… , and pay mutual (10) ………… * Answers: celebrated lunar Late make their sticky On one 10 greetings visits 19 Read the text and the matching Ex: Read the text carefully and then match the words with their definitions Northern Japan has been rocked by a series of earthquakes and aftershocks that began on 23 October 2004 and left at least 23 people dead and thousands more injured and homeless The initial quake that struck the Niigata prefecture on Honshu Island measured 6.5 on the Richter Scale, with a depth of 9.8 miles, according to the U.S Geological Survey(USGS) The earthquake’s epicenter was located about 162 miles northwest of Tokyo in Ojiya City, where several deaths were reported, housing was destroyed and landslides added to the devastation Tremors from the initial quake were said to have been felt as far away as Tokyo, with two aftershocks measuring 6.2 and 6.0 on the Richter Scale and another 5.7- magnitude earthquake occurred on Monday, October 25 The quakes demolished more than 1,000 buildings, caused widespread power and gas outages and damaged water mains Rescue efforts were hindered by impassible roads , lack of electricity and collapsed bridges A B Outage a an area of administration Rock b prevent Epicenter c slight shakings Tremors d a period of time when the supply of Prefecture electricity, gas, etc stops working Hinder e shake violently f central point ( of an earthquake) 21 VIII GAMES USED IN TEACHING READING : Slap the board We can use the game in many ways such as: - When students study words relating to objects such as fruits, vegetables, food, drinks, things in a house,etc, the teacher can collects real things and hang them on the board Then the teacher reads the words in English , the students hear the words and run to the board to slap the right objects - The teacher can read the words in English, the students hear the words and run to the board and slap their Vietnamese meanings - The teacher can read the Vietnamese meanings ,the students hear the words and run to the board and slap the Englihs words What and where - We can use this game to check students’understanding of the new words It is better to use this game if there are a few new words in the lesson Rub out and remember We can use this game if there are a few words in the lesson and the new words are not difficult to remember Pyramid ( Ask the students to work in groups to make a list of the words relating to a topic) We can use this game at the Lead-in stage in order to help students to remember as much as possible words relating to the topic of the lesson Matching - If there are many new words in the lesson, it is good for us to use this game There are many ways to the matching such as: + Match the English words with their Vietnamese meanings + Match the English words with the pictures + Match the English words with real objects Lucky numbers - We can use this game at the warm-up stage in order to review the previous knowledge - We can also use this game at the consolidation stage in order to check the students’ understanding of the lesson noughts and crosses This game can be used at the lead-in stage or at the consolidation stage Network We can use this game in order to help students remember words relating to the topic of the lesson This game is often used at the lead-in stage Brainstorming - We can use this game in order to review the previous knowledge which relating to the new lesson 22 PART 3: CONCLUSION I TO TEACHERS: In conclusion, to teach reading well, teachers of English must folow the methods, the techniques, the principles, the steps, the games and the ways as mentioned above Moreover, If the teachers want students to be good at reading skill, they must provide many kinds of exercises to their students Students must practice these kinds of exercises frequently If teachers of English use the knowledge I mentioned in this material, I’m sure that their classes are very exciting and their students are easily to understand the lessons I think the knowledge I have mentioned in this material is very useful in teaching reading It is used widely in my school and we get best results in teaching English To use the methods, the techniques, the principles, the steps, the games and the ways I have mentioned in this material well, English teachers must prepare the lesson carefully before the classes The teachers must prepare the lesson plans well A good teacher must always read reference books to develop their knowledge The teachers must in turn use different methods, different techniques in different kinds of lessons so that their teaching has good results II TO STUDENTS: To have good results from studying, beside the good teaching from teachers, students must have good attitudes of studying Students must learn the previous lessons well, and prepare for the new lessons carefully students must observe the importance of their studying They must practice doing reading exercises day by day III THE RESULTS AFTER APPLYING THESE EXPERIENCES : During a long time applying these experiences in teaching reading, I have achieved a lot of worth successes in my life of teaching as the following results School year 2019-2020: Class total 8A2 45 Fail Poor amount % amount % amount % 11 Fair 15 Good 33 amount 13 Excellent % amount % 28 12 26 The first term of the school year 2020-2021: 23 Class t total 8I 45 Fail amount Poor % Fair Good Excellent amount % amount % amount % amount % 14 31 15 33 12 26 * With the above results, I think my experiences in teaching reading are very practical, helpful, and important They not only help students study better, but also give students a lot of different chances to practice English Therefore, my experiences make students study English better and better and the English classes are more exciting * My ideas above are all my own experiences in teaching reading which I have collected for a long time With such a large topic, I think my material still has deficiencies and mistakes I hope all of you are sincere to give me your ideas about this topic Sincerely thank you! X¸c nhËn cđa thđ trƯëng ĐƠN VỊ Thanh Hóa, ngày 30 tháng năm 2021 Tơi xin cam đoan SKKN viết, không chép nội dung người khác Nguyễn Thị Tường Vân 24 PHỤ LỤC (CÁC SÁCH THAM KHẢO) SGK Tiếng Anh lớp ( Chương trình thí điểm) SGK Tiếng Anh lớp SGK Tiếng Anh lớp Sách tập bổ trợ nâng cao Tiếng Anh lớp (NXB Giáo dục) Sách tập Tiếng Anh lớp ( NXB Đà Nẵng) 25 ... purposes * The reading text in order to present the language * The reading text in order to teach students reading skills HOW TO EXPLOIT THE TWO KINDS OF READING TEXTS: Exploiting the reading text... reading text The two kinds of reading text Techniques of teaching reading Some main kinds of reading exercises Games used in teaching reading Conclusion To teachers To students The results after... reading, writing) Exploiting the reading text in order to develop students? ?reading skills: In some reading texts in order to develop students? ?reading skills, teachers not only help students to