unit 10

Many plants and animals can be used as medicine …… cancer, AIDS and other sicknesses.. The …… of forest is destroying the earth’s plants and animals.[r]

UNIT 10 CONSERVATION Week:

Period: I Vocabulary

A READING

Circulation(n) ,sə:kju'lei∫n Sự lưu thông

Conserve(v) [kən'sə:v] Bảo tồn

Constant(adj) ['kɔnstənt] Thường xuyên

Damage(n) ['dæmidʒ] Thiệt hại

Destroy(v) [di'strɔi] Phá hủy

Disappearance(n) [,disə'piərəns] Sự biến mất

Eliminate(v) [i'limineit] Loại ra

Destruction(n) [dis'trʌk∫n] Sự tàn phá

Erosion(n) [i'rouʒn] Sự xói mịn

Grass(n) [grɑ:s] Bãi cỏ

Hydroelectric dam(n) [,haidroui'lektrik] [dæm] Đập thủy điện

Industry(n) ['indəstri] Ngành công nghiệp

Loss(n) [lɔs] Sự mác

Nature’s defence ['neit∫ə] [di'fens] Bảo vệ thiên nhiên

Plant(n) [plɑ:nt] Thực vật

Power(n) ['pauə] Điện

Protect(v) [prə'tekt Bảo vệ

Run off Chảy

Save(v) [seiv] Cứu

Soil(n) [sɔil] Đất

Species(n) ['spi:∫i:z] Giống, loài

Take away(v) Lấy

Treat(v) [tri:t] Chữa trị

Valuable(adj) ['vỉljuəbl] Có giá trị

Variety(n) [və'raiəti] Sự đa dạng

Vegetation(n) [,vedʒi'tei∫n] Thực vật, cối

Worsen(v) ['wə:sn] Làm tệ hơn

B SPEAKING

Against one’s will(exp) Trái ý

Endangered(adj) [in'deindʒə(r)] Có nguy tuyệt chủng

Image(n) ['imidʒ] Hình ảnh

Imprison(v) [im'prizn] Tống giam

Reconstrucstion(n) [,ri:kən'strʌk∫n] Sự tái xây dựng

The wild(n) [waild] Môi trường hoang dã

Risky(adj) ['riski] Mạo hiễm

Sensitive(adj) ['sensətiv] Nhạy cảm

Suffer from(v) ['sʌfə] Chịu đựng

C LISTENING

Allow(v) [ə'lau] Cho phép

Awful(adj) ['ɔ:ful] Khủng khiếp

Camper(n) ['kæmpə] Ngừơi cắm trại

Catch fire(exp) [kæt∫] ['faiə] Bắt lửa

Forester(n) ['fɔristə] Người trông coi rừng

Heap of leaves(n) Một đống

Spread(v) [spred] Lan rộng

D WRITING

Free(adj) Miễn phí

Preparation(n) [,prepə'rei∫n] Sự chuẩn bị

E LANGUAGE FOCUS

Blouse(n) [blauz] Áo sơ mi nữ

Bread roll(n) [bred] ['roul] ổ bánh mì

Cap(n) [kỉp] Mũ lưỡi trai

Carpet(n) ['kɑ:pit] Tấm thảm

Coconut tree(n) ['koukənʌt] Cây dừa

Organize(v) ['ɔ:gənaiz] Tổ chức

Pad of paper(n) [pæd] ['peipə] Tập giấy

Photograph(v) ['foutəgrɑ:f ; 'foutəgræf] Chụp ảnh

Pollen(n) ['pɔlən] Phấn hoa

Present(n) ['preznt] Mòn quà

Report(v) [ri'pɔ:t] Báo cáo

Serve(v) [sə:v] Phục vụ

GRAMMAR

A/ The rule of changing active into passive Active S + V + O Passive: S + Tobe + Vpp +……+(by O) B/ Kinds of passive voice in tenses

I The simple present S + V(s/es) + O

 S + am/is/are + Vpp….+ (by O)

Example

Mrs Ngoc teaches English English is taught by Mrs Ngoc II The simple past tense

S +V(v2/ed) + O

 S +was/ were +Vpp ….+ (by O)

Mrs Ngoc taught English

 English was taught by Mrs Ngoc III The present continuous tense

S + am/is/are + V-ing + O

 S + am/is/are +being + Vpp +(by O)

He is reading a letter.

 A letter is being read (by him) IV The past continuous tense

S + was/were + V-ing + O

S + was/were + being +Vpp +(by O) Mrs Ngoc was reading a newspaper A newspaper was being read by Mrs Ngoc V The present perfect tense

S + has/have + Vpp + O

 S + has/ have + been + Vpp +(by O) They haven’t met her since last year. She hasn’t been met (by them) since last year VI The past perfect tense

S +had + Vpp + O

 S + had +been + Vpp + (by O)

I had seen that film

 That film had been seen by me VII The simple future tense

S + will/ shall + V +O

 S + will/shall + be + Vpp +(by O)

They will build a new school near my house  A new school will be built near my house (by them)

VIII Be going to

S + am/is are + V-ing + O

 S + am/is/are +going to + be+ Vpp +(by O) They are going to buy that house. That house is going to be built (by them) IX Modal verbs(MV)

S + MV(may, can, could, ) + V-bare +O  S +MV +be + Vpp +(by O)

My friend can answer this question

I If after “by” are pronouns (him, her, us ) or common nouns(people) or indefinite pronouns( someone, nobody…), those should be omitted to avoid referring the doer

S - (By O) He  (by him) She  (by her) They  (by them) People  (by people) Someone  (by someone) Ex: A: They are building a school P: A school is being built (by them)

II If there is an adverb of time in the active sentence, it is put after “by O” Ex: A: My parents are going to buy a car tomorrow

P: A car is going to be bought by my parents tomorrow

III If V has two objects, one of them can be S However the object of people is preferred Ex: A: I’m writing her a letter

O1 O2 P: She is being written a letter P: A letter is being written to her

Exercise Change the following sentences into the passive voice. People spend a lot of money on advertising everyday

……… We use this room only on special occasions

……… Million of people watch this programmer.

……… They are pulling down the old theatre

……… A policeman is showing us the way to the post office

……… Shakespeare wrote Hamlet

……… Someone switched on a light and opened the door

……… Why didn’t they mend the roof before it fell in?

……… They rang the church bells as a flood warning

……… 10 Mary was typing the letter all day yesterday

……… 11 You must not hammer nails into the wall without permission

……… 12 We must our homework now

……… 13 Somebody will meet you at the bus-station

……… 14 They will hold the meeting before May Day

……… 15 Dick has told the news to his sister

……… 16 Somebody had slashed the picture with a knife

……… 17 They are going to build a new school in our district

……… Exercise Change the following sentences into active voice.

1 This place was designed by a French architect

……… My car has been repaired by this machine

……… The milk is brought to my door by Tom

……… The English test couldn’t be done by us

……… Our salary is going to be increased

……… Exercise Choose the best option to complete the sentence.

1. A new building _built near my school next June

a would be b can be c will be d shall be

2 This church _by a famous architect, David Brown

a were designing b were designed c was designing d was designed I haven’t seen him

a many years ago b for many years c since many years d last year You should be aware that English people never like _ personal questions a asked b to be asking c being asking d being asked Flood _ from heavy rain destroyed the cops in the region

a resulted b will result c result d resulting

6 English _in many parts of the world

a speaks b was spoken c is speaking d is spoken

7.A: What a beautiful dress you are wearing!

B: Thank you It especially for me by a French tailor

a is made b has made c made d was made

8 Today, many serious children diseases by early immunization

a are preventing b can prevent c can be prevented d prevent Many animals are _for their fur or other valuable parts of their bodies

a killed b died c killing d dying

10 Wildlife all over the world is in

a risk b danger c threat d death

KEYS:

1.A lot of money is spent on advertising everyday This room is used by us only on special occasion This programmer is watched by million of people The old theatre is being pulled down

5 The way to the post office is being shown us by a policeman (We are being shown the way to the post office by a policeman) Hamlet was written by Shakespeare

7 A light was switched on and the door was opened Why wasn’t the roof mended before it fell in? The church bells were rung as a flood warning

10.The letter was being typed by Mary all day yesterday

11 Nails must not be hammered into the wall without permission 12 Our homework must be done by us now

13 You will be met at the bus- station

_

Week: General exercise of unit 10 Period:

A TU LUAN

I.Supply the correct tense of the verb.

1 The baby doesn’t cry so much now but she (use to, cry) _ every night 2 My parents first (meet) _ each other at the Olympic Games in 1982 3 When I came to visit her last night, she (have) _ a bath.

4 If gravity, the pull of the earth, is zero, everything (float) II Rewrite the sentence in the passive.

1. I will buy a computer next Sunday

……… 2. Mr Snow hasn’t taught that course since 1985

……… 3. They are building a big hydropower plant in Son La

……… III Reorder the words to make meaningful sentences

1 need/ to/ animals/ we/ and/ protect/ forests

……… be/ held,/ on/ water/ by/ can/ the/ land/ vegetation

……… rapid/ many/ erosion/ causes / floods/ run-off/ and

………

B. TRAC NGHIEM

I Choose the word in each group that has the underlined part pronounced differently from the rest.

1 a bulb b tomb c black d cab

2 a about b bomb c climb d comb

3 a sea b disease c feature d threaten

II Choose a word in each line that has different stress pattern.

4 a cancer b damage c defence d species

5 a erosion b variety c especially d animal

6 a vegetation b destruction c reconstruction d circulation a environment b pollution c conservation d appearance III Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.

8 Would you like _ lunch with us? “Yes, I’d love to”

a have b to have c having d had

9 What time is it?- I don’t know I haven’t got watch

a a b an c the d O

10 We live in old house near _ station

a a/the b an/ the c O/ the d the/the

11 Hydroelectric dams in Vietnam have provided power …… millions of homes and businesses

a for b to c with d of

12 Many plants and animals can be used as medicine …… cancer, AIDS and other sicknesses

a for b with c against d by

13 The …… of forest is destroying the earth’s plants and animals

a lose b lost c loss d loose

14 Without plants, most water would …… as soon as it falls

a run off b run after c run away d run by

a are passed b have passed c are passing d were being passed 16 Water …… most of the earth’s surface

a covers b is covered c being covered d is covering 17 The situation is serious Something …… before it’s too late

a must b must be done c must be doing d must have done 18 New York City/ found/ the Dutch/ 1642

a New York City is founded by the Dutch in 1642 b New York City was founded by the Dutch in 1642 c New York City was founded for the Dutch in 1642 d New York City was founded by the Dutch since 1642 19 I don’t like people telling me what to

a People aren’t liked telling me what to b What people telling me to isn’t liked by me c I am not liked telling what to by people d I don’t like being told what to

20 plants/ species/ many/ animals/ be/ danger of extinction

a Many species of plants and animals are in danger of extinction b Many species of plants and animals were in danger of extinction c Many species of plants and animals are danger of extinction d Species of plants and animals are in many danger of extinction 21 Have the students be told about the changes of their timetable yet? a b c d 22 Man and most animals need a constantly supply of water to live a b c d

VI Read the passage below and choose one correct answer for each question.

Many people still believe that natural resources will never be used up Actually, the world’s energy resources are limited No body knows exactly how much fuel is left However, we also should use them economically and try to find out alternative sources of power According to Professor Marvin Burnham of the New England Institute of Technology, we have to start conserving coal, oil and gas before it is too late and nuclear power is the only alternative

However, many people don’t approve of using nuclear power because it is very dangerous What would happen if there were a serious nuclear accident? Radioactivity causes cancer and may badly affect the future generations

The most effective thing is that we should use natural resources as economical as possible 23 How much fuel is left?

a no one knows exactly b It will never be used up

c There is a lot of fuel d Let’s use it as much as we would like 24 We should use coal, oil, and gas ……

a as much as possible b carelessly c as economically as possible d all are correct 25 According to Professor Marvin Burnham, ……

a nuclear power is the only alternative b we have to conserve coal, oil, and gas c a and b are incorrect d a and b are correct

26 According to the passage, using nuclear power is ……

a safe b cheap c interesting d dangerous

27 Radioactivity from nuclear power ……

a are necessary to cure diseases b the future generations nothing with it

c alters a new kind of energy d causes cancer and has bad effect on the future generations VI Read the following passage and choose the best answer for each blank.

28 a marks b more c species d forms

29 a harm b safe c protect d serve

30 a hunted b chased c game d extinct

31 a like b such c or d where

32 a spot b point c place d site

33 a spaces b air c up d parts

34 a products b fields c herbs d crops

35 a spoil b harm c wound d wrong