t ,0 Cao su Buna-S n NH2 139 Br l 141 Axit picric NH3 SO4 Br ( - CH2 - CH = CH - CH2 -)n Cao su Buna Br Trắng (bền) 137 136 + Na (NaOH) ONa n+ 1)H t , CHO P, OH x t CH2 n NH2 O2N NO2 NO2 NH3 HSO4 Chú thích: + xtđb: Xúc tác đặc biệt + HQĐ: Hồ quang ñieän CH2 - COOH Cl + H2O / H 120 123 126 + Ca O Ca 300 0O C 124 135 + H2O / H+ HO /1 H 40 C 3) 2C 125 CH2 - COONH4 + H2SO4 l 134 NH2 + H2O / H+ 4ñ O 2S (C H H + Na NH3 + Na 128 CH2 - COOH NH2 + O2 / Mn2+ CH2 - CH - CHO OH OH 81 118 CH3 - CH2 - CH2 - ONa 127 CH2 - CHO OH t0, P, xt HCHO 80 117 t0, P, xt t , P, xt CH3OH 83 OH Na + Cl2 116 CH3Cl askt 119 HCOOH 82 + H2 / ZnO 84 NaOH / 6000C Quang hợp + H2 / Ni 85 88 CH2 - COONa NH2 + Na (NaOH) 133 CH3 - CH2 - C COOCH3 n Plexiglasse CH2 = C - COONa CH3 129 CH2 = C - COOC2H5 + C2H5OH H2SO4 ñ + HCl 130 + NaOH t0, P, xt HQÑ CO O + H2 C 87 t0 79 CO2 + AgNO3 6-8 atm CH2 = C - COOCH3 CH3 H2SO4 ñ CH2 = C - COOH CH3 (CH3COO)2Ca + NH3 CH3 - CH2 - CH2 - OH Propanol-1 + CH3OH + H2 Ni HCN CH3 - C - CH3 + xtñb CH4 H2 77 78 86 NaOH + + 121 115 114 CH3 - CH - CH3 122 OH Propanol-2 CuO t0 + HNO3 ñ / H2SO4 ñ + H2O / H+ + H2 / Ni + Cl2 + H2O 111 70 C /1 O 4đ H 2S Nhựa Phenolfomanđehit 142 Cracking 113 C6H7(ONa)5O HCOONa Đ + Cl2 / askt CH2 + Cl2 5000C 76 + Na 75 C6H14O6 Soocbit CH3 - CH2 - CH2 - CH3 CH2 = CH - CH3 110 OH OH 112 NH3 C6H12O7 Axit Gluconic 89 + H2 / Ni CH2 = CH - CH2 - Cl CH3 CH3 CH O CH CH3 CH3 74 C6H12O6 GLUCOZÔ + AgNO3 CH2 = CH - CH = CH2 BUTAÑIEN-1,3 CH2 - CH - CH2 Cl 91 Cl Cl KHSO4 khan n O CH2 Cu CH O O CH HH CH2 OH HO CH2 dd xanh 90 + NaOH 92 Cao su Buna-N CN 73 CH2 O CH2 - CH - CH2 OH OH OH Glixerin 70 + NaOH CaO, t0 - CH2 - CH = CH - CH2 - CH - CH2 +( 38 Men zima C3H5(ONa)3 + Cu(OH)2 71 + Na 72 CH3COONa 36 35 39 C2H5OH RƯU ETYLIC 50 CH4 109 +Na HQ CH2 = CH - CH = CH2 Na 108 t0, P 68 H2SO4 ñ / 1400C + KMnO4 , xt t0 , P 93 COOH - CH2 - CH - n Poly acrylic 69 41 + O2 / Men giaám 140 äi Br SO o Ngu NH2 Br ñ NO ñ + H 2SO H +d dB r2 H2 + H2 / Ni aO H + HN H2 SO O3 ñ 4ñ + H(Fe + HCl) 138 CH3 - CH - COONa + H2 / Pd Br 104 NO2 NO2 67 +N H xt P, OH 51 + H2 / xtñb 94 107 OH + dd Br2 O2N CH3COOH AXIT AXETIC CH2 = CHCOOH + AgNO3 CH = CH - CHO NH3 106 Axit acrylic OH n 52 H2SO4 ñ 37 t +n C4 + dd Br2 96 105 - CH2 - CH - CH2 - CH = CH - CH2 - CuO, t0 95 CH2 = CH - C CH - CH2 - CH Poly Stiren + O2 / Mn + Cu(OH)2 n C6H7O2(ONO2)3 n Trinitroxenlulozô ( Thuốc súng không khói) Stiren 2+ 48 C2H5ONa C2H5O(CH3)2 uO, NO2 a + nCH2 = CH - CN t0, P, xt 102 +N H + NaOH 64 Br Br 103 t0, P, xt TNT Axit Benzoic /P d 97 NO2 46 + NaO 45 CH3COOC2H5 49 + C2H5OH (CH3COO)2Cu 40 +C O2N 63 + HCl 47 34 C2H5OC2H5 32 42 + CH3 - CH - OSO2Na OH OH 65 CH3 - CH - COONa Etyl acrylat Axit lactic a ONa CH2 = CHCOOC2H5 CH3 - CHCOOH 66 +N CH2 - CHCOOH OH + NaOH t0, P CH2 = CH 44 62 + CH2 = CHCl 98 + 2Na CH3 30 31 C2H5Cl Br + HNO3ñ H2SO4ñ 100 29 + H / Fe + HCl H2SO4 ñ 140 C 99 Toluen COOH Fe xt C + CH a + 2N + HCl CH3COONa CH3CHO ETANAL + CO + H2O Ni(CO)4 xt 61 60 + Br2 l CH3 28 xenlulozơ C6H7O2(OH)3 Saccarozơ C12H22O11 Đường mía 43 + H2O / H+ O 3ñ + HN ñ 59 H 2SO 54 800C + C2H5OH / H2SO4 ñ 6000C + Cl2 / askt C2H6 24 + , xt 56 C / Ni 26 + H2 / Ni 25 Cr2O3 / 6000C Tinh bột (C6H10O5)n -Thẳng: Tecpen -Nhánh: Aminlotecpen - CH2 - CH Cl n PVC 33 CO2 + Cl2(bình kín) + H2O / H CN +H + H2O / Hg2+ 58 + Cl2 / askt NO2 + KMnO4 + CH3COOH CuCl / NH4Cl C + HCl 27 22 ( - CH2 - CH2 - O -)n Poly ete CH2 = CH - Cl t , P, xt Al2O3 / 4600C +H (C2H5O2)2Cu t0, P, xt 13 CN CH2 = CH 12 Acrylo nitryl CH CH AXETILEN 57 C6H6Cl6 10 18 17 15 14 + Cu(OH)2 HOOC - COO H Axit oxalic + NaOH C6H12 + Br2 CH2 = CH2 CH3COOCH CH2 + H2O t0, P, xt H +C 55 101 CaC2 - CH2 - CH2 - n PE n O + Br2 CaO CH3 - CO 19 + NaOH 23 + O2 / Mn2+ 21 HOC - CHO Anñehit oxalic + CuO, t0 20 C2H4Br2 - CH2 - CH - + Br2 C2H2Br2 t0 16 11 + NaOH t ,0 P / NH3 H H 5O + C2 CaCO3 Tetra Brometan C2H2Br4 + AgNO3 + HCl C2H5OCH = CH2 Poly Vinylic - CH2 - CH OH n + Baïc Axetilenua C2Ag2 CH2 - CH2 OH OH Etilen glycol + KMnO4 SƠ ĐỒ PHẢN ỨNG HOÁ HỮU CƠ + HCl 53 + H2SO4ñ / 1700C + dd KMnO4 131 132 CH3 CH2 - COOH NH3Cl Chuoãi O polypeptit O (- NH - CH2 - C - NH - CH2 - C -)n