12 đề thi thử THPT Quốc gia môn tiếng Anh năm 2018 có lời giải chi tiết

SỞ GD&ĐT VĨNH PHÚC ĐỀ THI THỬ THPT QUỐC GIA 2018 LẦN MÔN: TIẾNG ANH – LỚP 12 ĐỀ CHÍNH THỨC (Đề thi có 04 trang) Thời gian làm bài: 60 phút, không kể thời gian giao đề Mã đề: 801 (230951) Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the most suitable response to complete each of the following exchanges Câu 1: Tung: “Your shoes are terrific, Tuan The colour quite suits you.” Tuan: “ ” A Really? B Do you like them? C You must be kidding My shirt is nice, isn’t it? D I’m glad you like them Câu 2: Lan: “Would you say the Great Wall is among the seven man-made wonders of the world?” Trang: “ ” A That’s the least I could B Do you think so, too? C There’s no doubt about that D It was created by ancient Chinese people, wasn’t it? (230960) Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from to Back in the 1960s and 1970s, the world was becoming more aware of the destructive effects of industry (3) the environment and people were starting to think seriously about ways of protecting the environment One man who was particularly affected by this subject was Gerard Morgan-Grenville As Morgan-Grenville travelled round earning his living as a gardener, he noticed signs of the damage that was being done to the countryside around him It wasn't long before Morgan-Grenville decided that he had to something about this situation He felt that if people could be shown a better way of living then maybe they would be interested enough to try to protect their (4) environment Mr Morgan-Grenville decided to set up a project (5) would prove what was happening to our surroundings and what could be done about it So, in 1975, Morgan-Grenville created the Centre for Alternative Technology (CAT) in a village in Wales The main aim of CAT is to search for an ecologically better way of living by using technology which (6) no harm to the environment One of the most important things CAT did initially was to explore and demonstrate a wide range of techniques and to point out which ones had the least destructive results on the world around us (7) _, CAT provides information and advice to people all over Britain and all over the world If more and more individuals are informed about how much damage our modern lifestyle is causing to the planet, maybe more of them would be prepared to look for practical solutions to environmental problems Câu 3: A for B to C with D on Câu 4: A worthless B valueless C precious D priceless Câu 5: A that B he C it D this Câu 6: A gets B makes C plays D does Câu 7: A Therefore B However C Moreover D Although (230971) Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions Câu 8: A volunteer B trust C fuss D judge Câu 9: A houses B services C passages D techniques (230974) Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions Câu 10: Since the death of Laura's father, her mother has become a breadwinner to support the family A a person who bakes bread every morning B a bakery-owner C a person who delivers bread to make money D a person who goes out to work to earn money Câu 11: Peter is the black sheep of the family, so he is never welcomed there A a beloved member B a bad and embarrassing member C the only child D the eldest child (230984) Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions Câu 12: Children are expected to make the right thing both at school and at home A to make B the C are expected D both Câu 13: We will have a fund-raising dinner at Rex Hotel tonight A at B will have C a D fund-raising Câu 14: It was on 12th April, 1961 when the first human, a Soviet cosmonaut, flew into space A a Soviet cosmonaut B when C flew D into space (231004) Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions Câu 15: His physical condition was not an impediment to his career as a violinist He has won a lot of prizes A difficulty B barrier C advantage D disadvantage Câu 16: Both universities speak highly of the programme of student exchange and hope to cooperate more in the future A express disapproval of B voice opinions on C find favor with D resolve a conflict over (231014) Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 17 to 24 The difference between the nuclear family and the extended family is that a nuclear family refers to a single basic family unit of parents and their children, whereas the extended family refers to their relatives such as grandparents, in-laws, aunts and uncles, etc In many cultures, and particularly indigenous societies, the latter is the most common basic form of social organization A nuclear family is limited, according to Kristy Jackson of Colorado State University, to one or two parents (e.g a father and mother) and their own child, or children, living together in a single house or other dwellings In anthropology, they only must be related in this fashion; there is no upper or lower limit on the number of children in a nuclear family The extended family is a much more nebulous term, but in essence refers to kin or relations not covered by the above definition In historical Europe and Asia as well as in Middle Eastern, African, and South American Aboriginal cultures, extended family groups were typically the most basic unit of social organization The term can differ in specific cultural settings, but generally includes people related in age or by lineage Anthropologically, the term “extended family” refers to such a group living together in a household, often with three generations living together (grandparents, parents, and children) and headed in patriarchal societies by the eldest man or by some other chosen leadership figure However, in common parlance, the term “extended family” is often used by people simply to refer to their cousins, aunts, uncles, and so on, even though they are not living together in a single group Historically, most people in the world have lived in extended family groupings rather than in nuclear families This was even true in Europe and in the early United States, where multiple generations often lived together for economic reasons During the 20th century, average income rose high enough that living apart as nuclear families became a viable option for the vast majority of the American population In contrast, many indigenous societies and residents of developing countries continue to have multiple generations living in the same household The rise of the nuclear family in the modern West does not necessarily mean that family arrangements have stabilized, either The rapid growth in single-parent households, for instance, also represents a substantial change in the traditional nuclear family More couples are also choosing not to have children at all Câu 17: What is the passage mainly about? A The dominance of nuclear families over extended ones B The dominance of extended families over nuclear ones C A distinction between nuclear families and extended ones D The changes of family types over times Câu 18: The word “the latter” in paragraph refers to A family unit B relatives C the nuclear family D the extended family Câu 19: Historically, extended families were the most basic unit of social organization in all of the following places EXCEPT A The Middle East B Asia C North America D Europe Câu 20: The word “patriarchal” in paragraph is closest in meaning to _ A ruled or controlled by men B equal for both men and women C simple with no rules and laws D modern with advanced facilities Câu 21: According to the passage, single-parent households A are not defined by anthropologists B are the existing trend of family arrangement C are included in the term “nuclear family” D are on the decrease Câu 22: The word “viable” in paragraph could be best replaced by A impossible B possible C explainable D fashionable Câu 23: Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A Since the 20th century, more and more American couples have lived in extended families because of the financial burdens B Nuclear families are the most basic form of social organization all over the world C The popularity of nuclear families in western countries helps to stabilize family arrangement D Traditional nuclear families have changed a lot over times Câu 24: What can be inferred from the reading passage? A Indigenous communities have been completely eradicated all over the world B In the future, all extended families will be replaced by nuclear ones C Anthropology is a science concerning human race and its development D Couples with no children can’t be defined as families (231051) Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions Câu 25: She didn’t understand the benefits of volunteering until she joined this club A Not until she joined this club did she understand the benefits of volunteering B It was not until she joined this club did she understand the benefits of volunteering C Not until did she join this club, she understood the benefits of volunteering D Not until she joined this club that she understood the benefits of volunteering Câu 26: He didn’t prepare well for his GCSE examination and he regrets it now A Unless he had prepared well for his GCSE examination, he wouldn’t regret it now B But for his ill preparation for his GCSE examination, he wouldn’t regret it now C If it hadn’t been for his good preparation for his GCSE examination, he wouldn’t regret it now D If he had prepared well for his GCSE examination, he wouldn’t have regretted it now Câu 27: People believe that Chinese people invented paper A Paper is believed to have been invented by Chinese people B Paper is believed to be invented by Chinese people C It was believed that Chinese people invent paper D Chinese people are believed to invent paper (231065) Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 28 to 34 The weather is a national obsession in Britain, perhaps because it is so changeable It's the national talking point, and most people watch at least one daily weather forecast Most of the viewers imagine that the presenter does little more than arrive at the studio a few minutes before the broadcast, read the weather, and then go home In fact, this image is far from the truth The two-minute bulletin which we all rely on when we need to know tomorrow's weather is the result of a hard day's work by the presenter, who is actually a highly-qualified meteorologist Every morning, after a weather forecaster arrives at the TV studios, his/her first task of the day is to collect the latest data from the National Meteorological Office The information is very detailed and includes predictions, satellite and radar pictures, as well as more technical data After gathering all the relevant material from this office, the forecaster has to translate the scientific terminology and maps into images and words which viewers can easily understand The final broadcast is then carefully planned The presenter decides what to say and in what order to say it Next a “story board” is drawn up which lays out the script word for word The time allocated for each broadcast can also alter This is because the weather report is screened after the news, which can vary in length The weather forecaster doesn't always know how much time is available, which means that he/she has to be thoroughly prepared so that the material can be adapted to the time available What makes weather forecasting more complicated is that it has to be a live broadcast and cannot be prerecorded Live shows are very nerve-racking for the presenter because almost anything can go wrong Perhaps the most worrying aspect for every weather forecaster is getting the following day's predictions wrong Unfortunately for them, this is not an unusual occurrence; the weather is not always possible to predict accurately These days, a weather forecaster's job is even more complicated because they are relied upon to predict other environmental conditions For example, in the summer the weather forecast has to include the pollen count for hay fever sufferers Some also include reports on ultraviolet radiation intensity to help people avoid sunburn The job of a weather forecaster is certainly far more sophisticated than just pointing at a map and describing weather conditions It's a job for professionals who can cope with stressful and challenging conditions Câu 28: The passage is mainly about A weather forecast in England B a weather forecaster’s job C the most widely watched TV programme D the competition between weather forecast and other TV programmes Câu 29: The word “bulletin” in paragraph is closest in meaning to A show B advertisement C report Câu 30: In Britain, people's attitude to the weather D forecast A is a national problem B depends on the prediction being for a sunny or rainy day C is quite neglectful D makes it a top discussion topic Câu 31: What does the word “this” in paragraph refer to? A the weather forecaster's worry B the complication of a live broadcast C giving a forecast that doesn't come true D an accurate prediction Câu 32: Creating a weather report is complex because A the information includes unreliable predictions B radar pictures are technical C maps have to be drawn D a lot of data has to be interpreted Câu 33: Weather forecasters have to know the material well because _ A the forecast may be incorporated into the news broadcast B they sometimes need to change it to meet the time limitation C the broadcast is pre-recorded D they don’t make the bulletins by themselves Câu 34: What can be inferred from the passage? A British people are concerned with weather because it affects their economy B Weather forecasting is among demanding jobs C TV reporters need to learn by heart what to say D To become a weather forecaster, you must graduate from a prestigious university (231080) Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions Câu 35: Alternative sources of energy have environmental advantages It’s not easy to make full use of them A Because alternative sources of energy have environmental advantages, it’s not easy to make full use of them B Alternative sources of energy have environmental advantages, so it’s not easy to make full use of them C Despite their environmental advantages, it’s not easy to make full use of alternative sources of energy D Although alternative sources of energy have environmental advantages, but it’s not easy to make full use of them Câu 36: Human beings have destroyed the environment for a long time They are now paying a high price for this A Because having destroyed the environment for a long time, human beings are now paying a high price for this B Having destroyed the environment for a long time, human beings are now paying a high price for this C On destroying the environment for a long time, they are now paying a high price for this D After being destroyed for a long time, the environment is now paying a high price (231087) Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions Câu 37: A polite B roommate C diverse D apply Câu 38: A interfere B athletics C agrarian D available (231090) Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions Câu 39: On hearing that she failed the entrance exam, Trang couldn’t help A bursting B burst Câu 40: Arranging flowers A is C to bursting B are C were B look down on Câu 42: Peter has a separate room for his musical A instruments D to burst among my mother’s hobbies Câu 41: She didn’t enjoy her first year at college because she failed to A come in for into tears B equipment D have been _ her new friends C go down with C tools Câu 43: We have just visited disadvantaged children in an orphanage A located B locating C which locates Câu 44: Most people believe that school days are the A better B best Câu 45: My aunt gave me a D get on with D facilities in Bac Ninh Province D to locate days of their life C more best D good hat on my 16th birthday A nice yellow new cotton B new nice cotton yellow C new nice yellow cotton D nice new yellow cotton Câu 46: The interviewer asked me what experience A you get B did I get for the job C I got Câu 47: He is a good team leader who always acts A decisively B decisive Câu 48: They have just set off They A can’t be D you got in case of emergency C decision D decide on their way there B must have been Câu 49: Vietnamese students are forced to take C should have been D must be entrance examination before being admitted to entrance examination A an/the B an/ a C the/ the Câu 50: Today, the old couple has their family and friends A attend B to attend D Ø/ a their golden wedding anniversary C attended HẾT D attending Question Question Question Question Question Question Question Question Question Question 10 Question D C D D A D C A D B Question 11 Question 12 Question 13 Question 14 Question 15 Question 16 Question 17 Question 18 Question 19 Question 20 D A C A C A C D C A Question 21 Question 22 Question 23 Question 24 Question 25 Question 26 Question 27 Question 28 Question 29 Question 30 C B D C C B A B C D Question 31 Question 32 Question 33 Question 34 Question 35 Question 36 Question 37 Question 38 Question 39 Question 40 C D B B C B B A A A Question 41 Question 42 Question 43 Question 44 Question 45 Question 46 Question 47 Question 48 Question 49 Question 50 D A A B D C A D B A Kiến thức: hội thoại giao tiếp Tạm dịch: Tung: “Giày cậu trông tuyệt quá, Tuấn Màu sắc hợp cậu phết đấy.” Tuan: “ ” Giày cậu trông tuyệt quá, Tuấn Màu sắc hợp cậu phết A Thật chứ? B Cậu thích chúng khơng? C Cậu đùa Áo đẹp không? D Tôi vui cậu thích chúng Đáp án: D Question Kiến thức: hội thoại giao tiếp Tạm dịch: Lan: “Cậu có nghĩ Vạn Lý Trường Thành kỳ quan nhân tạo giới không?” Trang: “ ” A Đó điều nhỏ tớ làm B Cậu có nghĩ khơng? C Khơng cịn nghi ngờ điều D Có phải tạo người Hoa cổ? Đáp án: C Question Kiến thức: từ vựng, giới từ Giải thích: effect (on/upon somebody/something): ảnh hưởng đến ai/ Đáp án: D Question Kiến thức: từ vựng Giải thích: A worthless (adj): khơng có giá trị B valueless (adj): khơng có giá trị C precious (adj): quý giá D priceless (adj): vô giá Đáp án: D Question Kiến thức: mệnh đề quan hệ Giải thích: THAT đại từ quan hệ người lẫn vật, dùng thay cho who, whom, which mệnh đề quan hệ xác định Đáp án: A Question Kiến thức: Collocations ( kết hợp từ) Giải thích: to harm (to…): làm hại đến Đáp án: D Question Kiến thức: liên từ Giải thích: A Therefore: Do B However: Tuy nhiên C Moreover: Hơn nữa, D Although: Mặc dù Đáp án: C Dịch đọc: Quay trở lại năm 1960 1970, giới ngày nhận thức tác động tàn phá ngành công nghiệp môi trường người bắt đầu suy nghĩ nghiêm túc cách bảo vệ môi trường Có người đàn ơng đặc biệt bị ảnh hưởng chủ đề Gerard Morgan-Grenville Khi Morgan-Grenville làm ăn kiếm sống người làm vườn, ông nhận thấy dấu hiệu thiệt hại xảy vùng nông thôn xung quanh Không lâu trước Morgan-Grenville định ông phải làm tình Ơng cảm thấy người bảo cách sống tốt họ quan tâm đủ để cố gắng bảo vệ môi trường vô giá họ 10 ... chồng gia vơí gia đình họ tham gia lễ kỷ niệm đám cưới vàng 23 Đáp án: A 24 SỞ GD & ĐT BẮC NINH TRƯỜNG THPT CHUYÊN BẮC NINH ĐỀ THI THỬ THPT QUỐC GIA 2018 LẦN MÔN: TIẾNG ANH Thời gian làm bài:... trội gia đình hạt nhân so với gia đình mở rộng B Sự vượt trội gia đình mở rộng gia đình hạt nhân C Sự khác biệt gia đình hạt nhân gia đình mở rộng D Sự thay đổi loại gia đình theo thời gian Thông... conditions Đáp án: B Dịch đọc: Thời tiết nỗi ám ảnh toàn quốc gia Anh, có lẽ q dễ thay đổi Đó tiêu điểm bàn luận quốc gia, hầu hết người xem dự báo thời tiết hàng ngày Hầu hết người xem nghĩ người trình