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c Nhöõng ñoäng töø döôùi ñaây thöôøng ñöôïc söû duïng vôùi caáu truùc: V + object + to + V1.. Tell Remind Force Enable Persuade Order Warn Invite Teach get d.[r]
(1)INFINITIVES AND GERUNDS A PHẦN LÍ THUYẾT
I Infinitives
To infinitive (Nguyên mẫu có To) b Form (Cấu trúc)
Khẳng định: to + V1 Phủ định: not to + V1 Bị động: to be + V3/-ed c Functions (Chức năng)
Subject (Chủ ngữ)
To learn English is very necessary
To speak English fluently is very difficult Complement (bổ ngữ)
His hobby is to collect stamps What I like is to swim in the sea
Object of an adjective (Tân ngữ tính từ) It is necessary to learn English
I am happy to live here
Adverb of purposes (Trạng từ mục đích) He saved money to buy a bike
He bought this book to read
Object of a verb (Tân ngữ động từ)
a Động từ sau động từ thường dạng to V1
Agree Offer Decide Appear Forget* Refuse Attempt Plan Seem Learn Promise Manage Arrange Pretend Dare Threaten Fail Hope Afford tend
b Có hai cấu trúc sau động từ này:
Want Ask Expect Mean Would like Would prefer help
V + to + V1 V + object + to + V1
I want to go there I want you to go there
He would like to come He would like me to come
c Những động từ thường sử dụng với cấu trúc: V + object + to + V1
Tell Remind Force Enable Persuade Order Warn Invite Teach get d Những động từ sau sử dụng với hai cấu trúc:
V + V-ing V + object + to V1
He doesn’t allow smoking in his house He doesn’t allow anyone to smoke in his house. Advise recommend encourage Allow permit
Bare infinitive (Nguyên mẫu không To)
Sau động từ sau động từ khác thường dạng V1: make, let, help, notice, watch, hear, see, used t, had better, would rather, …
II Gerunds (Danh động từ) a Form (Cấu trúc)
(2)Khẳng định: V+ ING Phủ định: NOT + V-ING Bị động: BEING + V3/-ed b Functions (Chức năng)
Subject (Chủ từ)
Smoking is bad for our health Learning English is very useful
Object of a preposition ( Tân ngữ giới từ)
Sau giới từ động từ phải luôn sử dụng dạng Gerund He is very interested in learning English
My father gave up smoking many years ago He is looking forward to seeing you
Sau số tính từ + giới từ:
Accustomed to :(quen với) - Afraid of - successful in ( thành công ) - hopeful of ( hy vọng ) - bored with ( chán ) -capable of ( có khả ) - (be) used to ( quen với) - proud of ( hãnh diện ) - responsible for ( có trách nhiệm ) - excited about (kích động ) - interested in - famous for - fond of - ashamed of ( xấu hổ ) -surprised at ( ngạc nhiên ) - tired of ( chán ), tired from ( mệt ) opposed to ( phản đối ) essential to ( cần thiết ) - worried about ( lo lắng )
Complement (Bổ ngữ)
His hobby is collecting stamps
Object of a verb (Tân ngữ động từ)
Danh động từ thường sau số động từ đây:
Stop Enjoy Fancy Admit Consider Miss Finish Mind Imagine Deny Involve Postpone Delay Suggest Avoid Practice risk regret
keep prefer appreciate mention like hate I don’t mind helping you
He denied stealing the car I hate doing my homework Danh động từ dùng sau số cụm từ sau:
It’s no use, look forward to, can’t help, can’t bear, have difficulty, there is no point in, it is worth, spend / waste (time) ,it is no good …
B PHẦN THỰC HÀNH
1 He wanted (see) _the house where the president was born 2 He is expected (arrive) _in a few days
3 I would like him (go) _ to a university but I can’t (make) him go 4 I am looking forward (see) _ you
5 I arranged (meet) _them there 6 He urged us (work) _faster 7 I wish (see) _the manager 8 It is no use (wait) _him
9 He warned her (not touch) _the wire
10 Don’t forget (clock) _the door before (go) _to bed 11 My mother told me (not speak) _too anyone about it
12 He tried (explain) _but she refused (listen) _ 13 At dinner she annoyed me by (smoke) _between the courses
14 He decided (disguise) himself by (dress) _as a women 15 I am prepared (wait) _here all night if necessary
16 Would you mind (show) _me how (work) _the lift 17 After (walk) _three hours we stopped (rest) _and let the others (catch)
up with us
(3)18 I am beginning (understand) _what you mean
19 The boy likes (play) _games but hates (do) exercises 20 I regret (inform) _you that your application has been refused
21 I don’t allow (smoke) _in my drawing-room 22 I don’t allow my family (smoke) _at all
23 He surprised us all by (go) away without (say) ‘Good-bye’ 24 Please go on (write) _; I don’t mind _ (wait) 25 He wore glasses (avoid) (be) _recognized
26 Before (give) _evidence you must swear (speak) _the truth 27 I tried (persuade) him (agree) _with your proposal 28 Your windows need (clean) .Would you like me (do) _them for you 29 Would you mind (shut) _the window? I hate (sit) _in a draught 30 I can’t help (sneeze) ; I caught a cold yesterday form (sit) _in a draught 31 Stop (talk) _; I am trying (finish) _a letter 32 His doctor advised him (give) _up (jog) _ 33 My watch keeps (stop) _
34 People used (make) _fire by (rub) two sticks together 35 He hates (answer) the phone, and very often just lets it (ring)
36 If you go on (let) _your dog (chase) _cars he will end by (be) _run over
37 I prefer (drive) _to (be) _driven
38 I advise you (start) _ (look) _for a flat at once 39 Would you mind (lend) _me some money? I forgot (cash) a cheque 40 (Lie) _on the beach is much more pleasant than (sit) _in the office 41 She like her children (go) _to the dentist every six months
42 An instructor is coming (show) _us how (use) _the machine 43 I have no intention of (go) _to that film; I couldn’t bear (see) _my
favorite actress in such dreadful part
44 I suggest (telephone) _the hospitals before (ask) _the police (look) _for him
45 After (hear) _the conditions I decided (not enter) for the competition 46 Some people seem (have) the passion for (write) _to the newspapers 47 He expects me (answer) _by return but I have no intention of (reply)
_at all
48 He postponed (make) _a decision until it was too late (do) _anything 49 Try (forget) _it; It isn’t worth (worry) _about it
50 There is no point in (remain) _in a dangerous place if you can’t anything (help) _the people who have (stay) _ there
THE INFINITIVE OR THE GERUND
I/ Give the correct form of the verbs in brackets :
1 Tom regrets ( spend ) ……… too much time ( play ) ………computer games 2 Students stopped ( make ) ……… noise when the teacher came in
3 He’ll try ( not make) ………the same mistake again 4 Would you mind ( turn ) ……… off the radio ?
5 When you see Tom, remember ( give ) ……… him my regards 6 They postponed ( build ) ……….an elementary school for lack of finance
7 It’s no use ( advise ) ………him He never allows anybody (give) ……….advice 8 Is there anything here worth ( buy )……… ?
9 We missed ( watch ) ……… a football match last night 10 The principal tells him ( come )……… in
11 My parents decided ( take ) ………a taxi because it was late 12 Do you agree ( lend ) ………me some money ?
13 Tom refused (give) ……… me his address
(4)14 You’ll be able ( ) ………it yourself when you are older
15 I didn’t know how ( get ) ……… to your house , so I stopped ( ask )……… the way
16 We found it very difficult ( reach ) ……… a decision
17 I will remember ( give ) ………Mr Brown your message 18 She remembers ( be ) ………taken to the zoo by her mother
19 Do you feel like ( go ) ……… to the concert or would you like ( stay )……… at home ?
20 My family is considering (take) ……… a trip to the USA next year 21 The police didn’t permit ( camp ) ……… in this wood for security reasons 22 We don’t allow people ( smoke ) ……… in the lecture room
23 The teacher advised ( review) ……… the grammatical structures carefully 24 He’ s used to ( go ) ……….on foot to work
25 We get used to ( work ) ……….on Sundays
26 She is looking forward to ( see ) ………her friends
27 Sometimes students avoid ( look ) ……… at the teacher if they don’t want (answer )………… a question
28 You should try ( wear ) ………any shirts you want to buy
29 The teacher recommends us ( prepare) ……….the lessons well before ( come ) ………….to class
30 There are people can’t help ( laugh )……….when they see someone ( slip ) ………….on a banana skin
31 He went to bed without ( lock ) ……….the doors
32 They don’t have enough patience ( wait ) ……….for him 33 Gravity makes water ( run ) ………downhill
34 This man let me ( use ) ……….his phone yesterday 35 Are we allowed ( go )……… out with Tom ?
36 The teller was made ( raise )……… his hands 37 Mary was advised ( stay ) ………out of the crowd 38 She prefers ( eat ) to ( prepare ) ……… meals
39 When the rainy season comes , you need ( repair ) ……… the roof of the house 40 The flowers need ( water ) but you needn’t ( water ) ……… them now
II/ Rewrite the following sentences with the meaning unchanged:
1 Shall we go for a walk ? What about ……….? 2 Why don’t we visit our teacher ? I suggest ………
3 I am very pleased that we shall meet again soon I’m looking ……… 4 It is really quite easy to learn English Learning ………
5 I don’t want to go to the movie tonight I don’t feel like ……… 6 Complaining about the matter is useless now It is ………
7 It’s not a good idea to travel during the rush hour It’s better to avoid ……… 8 I expect that he will get there by lunchtime I expect him ……… 9 I remember someone telling me the news I remember being………
10 Could you turn the radio down, please? .Would you mind ………?