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(1)TRƯỜNG THCS ĐỐNG ĐA NHÓM ANH 9 UNIT 10: SPACE TRAVEL ( DU HÀNH VŨ TRỤ)
A VOCABULARY
New words Meaning Picture Example
Altitude (n) /ˈæltɪtjuːd/
Độ cao so mặt biển
Only few animals can live in high altitude
( Chỉ có vài động vật sống cao so với mặt biển)
Astronaut (n) /ˈæstrənɔːt/
Nhà du hành vũ trụ Neil Armstrong was the
first astronaut to walk on the moon
( Neil Armstrong nhà du hành vũ trụ mặt trăng)
Astronomy (n) /əˈstrɒnəmi
Thiên văn học My brother wants to study
astronomy on the future ( Anh muốn học thiên văn học tương lai) Attach (v)
/əˈtætʃ/
Gắn vào They attached the coupon
to the last page of magazine
( Họ đính phiếu giảm giá trang cuối tạp chí)
Crew (n) /kruː
Đoàn, đội My father is a member of
the fight crew
(2)Habitable (adj) /ˈhỉbətəbəl/
Có thể sinh sống Do you think that Mars is
habitable?
( Bạn có nghĩ Hỏa nơi sinh sống khơng?)
Launch (v) /lɔːntʃ/
Phóng, mở, khởi đầu The first rocket wa
launched in July 1950 ( Tên lửa phóng vào tháng bảy năm 1950)
Maintenance (n) /ˈmeɪntənəns/
Sự bảo trì They closed the store for
maintenance
(Họ đóng cửa hàng để bảo trì)
Meteorite (n) /ˈmiːtiəraɪt/
Thiên thạch Have you ever seen a
meteorite?
( Bạn nhìn thấy thiên thạch chưa?)
Once in a blue moon Rất Jim reads book about
astronomy once in a blue moon
( Jim đọc sách thiên văn học)
Orbit (v) /ˈɔːbɪt/
Xoay quanh There are many space
stations orbiting around the moon
(3)Over the moon (idiom)
Rất vui vẻ Last night my friends and I
were over the moon
( Đêm qua bạn vui vẻ)
Rocket (n) /ˈrɒkɪt/
Tên lửa I wish to be a rocket
scientist one day
( Tôi ước trở thành nhà khoa học tên lửa ngày đó)
Satellite (n) /ˈsætəlaɪt/
Vệ tinh The national channel
broadcast the soccer match via satellite
Weightless (adj) /ˈweɪtləs/
Không trọng lượng I have experienced the
weightless condition ( trải nghiệm trạng thái không trọng lượng)
B GRAMMAR
I ƠN TẬP THÌ Q KHỨ ĐƠN VÀ QUÁ KHỨ HOÀN THÀNH ( PAST SIMPLE AND PAST PERFECT)
1 Thì khứ đơn a Cách dùng
Cách dùng Ví dụ
Diễn tả hành dộng hay việc đa xảy kết thúc thời điểm xác định khứ
I met her last summer
( Tôi gặp vào mùa hè năm ngóa)
Diễn tả hành động thường làm hay quen làm khứ
She often went fishing every day last year
(4)b Cấu trúc khứ đơn Với động từ tobe ( was/ were)
Thể khẳng định Thể phủ định
I/ He/ She/ It/ Danh từ số
was + danh từ/
tính từ
I/ He/ She/ It/ Danh từ số
Was not/ wasn’t
+ danh từ/ tính từ You/ we/ they/
Danh từ số nhiều
were You/ we/ they/
Danh từ số nhiều
Were not/ weren’t Ví dụ:
- He was tired ( Anh mệt) - They were in the room ( Họ phòng)
Ví dụ:
- He wasn’t at school yesterday ( Hôm quan anh không trường)
- They weren’t in the park ( Họ không công viên)
Thể nghi vấn Câu trả lười ngắn
Was I/ He/ She/ It/ Danh từ số
+ danh từ/ tính từ
Yes, I/ He/ She/ It/ Danh từ số
Was
No, Wasn’t
Were You/ we/ they/ Danh từ số nhiều
Yes, You/ we/ they/ Danh từ số nhiều
were
No, Weren’t
Ví dụ:
Were they tired yesterday? ( Hôm qua họ mệt phải không?) Yes, they were/ No, they weren’t
Was he at home? ( Anh nhà phải không?) Yes, he was/ No, he wasn’t
Lưu ý: Khi ngữ câu hỏi “ you” ( bạn ) câu trả lời phải dùng “ I” ( tôi) để đáp lại Với động từ thường ( Verb/ V)
Thể khẳng định Thể phủ định
I/ He/ She/ It/ Danh từ số
+ V_ed
I/ He/ She/ It/ Danh từ số + did not/ didn’t
+ V nguyên mẫu
You/ we/ they/ Danh từ số nhiều
You/ we/ they/ Danh từ số nhiều
Ví dụ:
- She went to school yesterday ( Hôm qua cô học)
Ví dụ:
(5)- He worked in this bank last year ( Năm ngoái anh làm việc ngân hàng này)
tính mới)
- He didn’t meet me last night ( Anh ta khong gặp tối qua)
- Mr Nam didn’t watch TV with me ( Ông Nam không xem TV với tôi)
Thể nghi vấn Câu trả lười ngắn
Did
I/ He/ She/ It/ Danh từ số
+ V nguyên
mẫu? Yes,
I/ He/ She/ It/ Danh
từ số did
You/ we/ they/ Danh
từ số nhiều No,
You/ we/ they/ Danh từ số nhiều
didn’t Ví dụ:
Did she work there? ( Có phải làm việc không) Yes, she did/ No, she didn’t
Did you go to Hanoi last month? Yes, I did/ No, I didn’t
c Dấu hiệu nhận biết
Trong câu q khứ đơn thường có xuất trạng từ thời giân như: - yesterday ( hôm qua)
- Last night/ week/ month/ : ( Tối qua./ tuần trước/ tháng trước….)
- ago ( cách đây): ( two hours ago: cách giờ/ two weeks ago: cách ngày…) - in + thời gian khứ ( eg: in 1990)
- when: ( câu kể)
2 Thì q khứ hồn thành
Cấu trúc (+) S+ had+ VPII( past participle)
(-)S+ had not/ hadn’t + VPII( past participle) (?)Had+ S+ VPII( past participle)?
Yes, S+ had/ No, S+ hadn’t
Ví dụ (+) I had left when they came ( Khi họ đến rời rồi)
(6)Had you not left when they came? ( Khi họ đến, bạn không rời à?) Hadn’t you left when they came? ( Khi họ đến, bạn không rời à?) Cách dùng - Diễn tả hành động hoàn tất trước hành động khác
khứ
Ví dụ: he had left the house before she came
- Diễn tả hành độn hoàn tất trước thời điểm xác định khứ
Ví dụ: We had had lunch by two o’clock yesterday By the age of 23, he had written two famous novels Dấu hiệu
nhận biết
By+ thời gian khứ
Before, after, when, by the time, as soon as, as… BÀI TẬP VẬN DỤNG CƠ BẢN
Bài 1: Cho dạng độngt ngoặc khứ đơn khứ hoàn thành
1 She (feel) _sick after she ( eat) _ a whole box of chocolates
2 After the doctor ( examine) _ the child he (have) _ a talk with the mother
3 When I ( call) _ on my friend, he (go) _ out
4 Mary (finish) _ her homework when her father (come) _home from his ofice
5 I (throw) _ away the newspaper after I (read) _ it
6 After she (spend) _all her money she (ask) _ her father to help her The teacher (give) _ back the exercise books after he (corect) _them The sun ( rise) _ when the farmer (start) _ work
Bài 2: Điền T ( True) câu đúng, F( False) câu sai sửa lại cho đúng I have been in Mexico during the summer of 1970
2 Mary had prepared dinner when I arrived, so we were able to eat immediately Three years ago he had been a student at a university in California
4 We have collected stamps for many years
(7)6 Since he bought a new car, he has been driving to work every day
7 Last night they have recognized us from the party we went to earlier in the week Since Ted graduated, he has been working with his father
9 The doctor had seen ten patients since eight o’clock this morning 10 He is studying English for the last five years
II MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ XÁC ĐỊNH ( DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES)
Định nghĩa cách dùng Ví dụ
- MĐQH xác định mệnh đề dùng để xác định danh từ đứng trước nó, có nhiệm vụ cung cấp thông tin cần thiết người, vật nhắc đên
- MĐQH xác định mệnh đề cần thiết cho ý nghĩa câu, khơng có câu khơng đủ nghĩa - Nó sử dụng danh từ khơng xác định KHƠNG DÙNG DẤU PHẨY ngăn cách với mệnh đề
- MĐQH dùng để rõ chủ ngữ People who park illegally are fined
- MĐQH dùng để rõ tân ngữ: The rock that they found last week may have landed on Earth from the moon
Nếu danh từ cụm danh từ tân ngữ động từ ta lược bỏ đại từ quan hệ
The rock that they found last week may have landed on Earth from the moon
> The rock t they found last week may have landed on Earth from the moon
BÀI TẬP VẬN DỤNG CƠ BẢN
Bài 3: Hoàn thành câu đây, điền đại từ quan hệ thích hợp vào chỗ trống Who/ whom/ whose/ where/ which
1 What’s the name of the man car you borrowed? A cemetery is a place people are buried?
3 A pacifist is a person believes that all wars are wrong An orphan is a child parents are dead
5 The place we spent our hoildays was really beautiful
(8)9 The window was broken by the naughty boy will have to be repaired 10 Mrs Jackson, we met in the supermarket yesterday, is my music teacher 11 Rome is the city he lived for ten years
12 That was the day on I first met Ann
13, The girl, the brothers of study in our school, looks very nice 14 His new car cost him a fortune, was really stunning
15 I met the old lady you were very kind to 16 That’s the book about I’ve heard so much
Bài 4: Hoàn thành câu đây, thay đổi đại từ quan hệ cho thích hợp
They didn’t show up Richard brought her to dinner
We saw him coming out of our neighbour’s flat last night
The police took him to prison last week
The Tour Guide Magazine recommended it His car broke down
She’s just finished her second cooking book We exchanged them during our chat Who got injured at the swimming pool Everybody was talking about her Where I studied as a girl Who oragnized our Drama Club
1, We stayed at the hotel _ A few people we invited to our party
3 The pickpocket has just been released Paul didn’t seem to like the girl
5 I enjoyed talking to the old lady The cecipes will probably appear in her next book
7 Everybody at the party tried to help the young lady The man is her brother
9 What was the name of the actor 10, Who’s the actress ?
11 The teacher is leaving for Germany next week
(9)Will you help me to the exercise? I don’t understand the exercise
We haven’t met Mr Smith yet His daughter studies with Paul
_ We won’t forget the day We went to Justin Bieber’s concert that day
Peter has read the book I recommended the book to him
They sent me a postcard of the hotel They stayed there on holiday
_ This is my best friend I met her at school ten years ago
_ Is this the man? This man accused you of stealing his wallet
9.Peter made a lemon cake It is his speciality
10 I want you to introduce you to Mrs Black Her husband is an engineer
11 Can you show me the room? Meetings are held in that room
12 I don’t know the man Sue is dancing with him
13 We last saw Mary on Christmas Day She came to our party then
14 You have to correct the mistakes You’ve made mistakes in the letter
15 I like Mrs White She is in charger of the Marketing Department
BÀI TẬP TỔNG HỢP NÂNG CAO
(10)1 Everything is going well We didn’t have/ haven’t had any problems so far 2 Margaret didn’t go/ hasn’t gone to work yesterday
3 Look! That man over there wears/ is wearing the same sweater as you 4 Your son is much taller than when I last saw him He grew/ has grown a lot 5 I still don’t know what to I didn’t decided/ haven’t decided yet
6 I wonder why Jim is/ is being so nice to me today He isn’t usually like that 7 Jane had a book open in front of her but she didn’t read/ wasn’t reading 8 I wasn’t very busy I didn’t have / wasn’t having much to do
9 Mary wasn’t happy in her new job at first but she begins/ is beginning to enjoy it now 10 After leaving school, Tim found/ has found it very difficult to get a job
11 When Sue heard the news, she wasn’t / hasn’t been very pleased
12 This is a nice restaurant, isn’t it? Is this the first time you are/ you’ve been here? 13 I need a new job I’m doing/ I’ve been doing the same job for too long
14 Ann has gone out- Oh, has she? What time did she go/ has she gone? 15 You look tired- Yes, I’ve played/ I’ve been playing basket ball
16 Where are you coming/ Do you come from? Are you American?
17 I’d like to see Tina again It’s a long time since I saw her/ that I didn’t see her 18 Bob and Alice have been married since 20 years/ for 20 years
Bài 7: Đọc đoạn văn trả lời câu hỏi
England’s highest main- line railway station hangs on to life by a thread Deserted and unmanned since it was officially closed in 1970, Dent situated high in the hills of Yorkshire, wakes up on six summer weekends each year, when a special charter train unloads walkers, sightseers and people who simply want to catch a train from the highest station to its platforms
But even this limited existence may soon be brought to an end Dent station is situated on the Settel to Carlisle railway line, said to be the most scenic in the country But no amount of scenic beauty can save the line from the British Rail’s cash problems
This year, for the sake of economy, the express train which used to pass through Dent station have been put to another route
(11)It is not alone Half a dozen railway routes in the North of England are facing a similar threat The problem is a worn out system and an almost total lack of cash to repair it Bridges and tunnels are showing their ages The wooden supports for the tracks are rotting and engines and coaches are getting old
On major lines between large cities, the problem is not too bad These lines still make a profit and cash can be found to maintain them But on the country branch line, the story is different As track wears out, it is not replaced Instead, speed limits are introduced, making the journey longer than necessary and discouraging customers
If a bridge is dangerous, there is often only one thing for British Rail to do: go out and find money from another source This is exactly what it did a few months ago when a bridge at Bridling station was threatening to fall down Repairs were estimated at 200,000 pounds just for one bridge and British Rail was delighted, and rather surprised when two local councils offered half that amount between them
1 Since 1970 Dent station has been used
A only for a part of each year B only in some years
C only by local people D only by hill walkers
2 Of all the railway routes in Britain the one which passes through Dent
A is the most historic B passes through the most attractive countryside
C is the most expensive number of tourists D carries the greatest number of tourists
3 The most urgent problem for many country railway lines is that
A rebuilding bridges B repairing engines
C renewing coaches D repairing stations
4 The people most affected by the difficulties facing the British Rail would appear to be
A businessmen B organized and groups
C occasional and local travelers D holiday-makers
5 In order to improve the financial situation of the country railway lines, British Rail should
A introduce speed limits B reduce scale of maintenance
(12)