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Đi với một số thành ngữ cố định: + can’t help = can’t bear = can’t stand: không thể không + It’s not worth : Đáng không đáng làm gì + It’s no use = it’s no good= there be no point in Vin[r]
(1)TO INFINITIVE AND GERUND (ĐỘNG TỪ NGUYÊN THỂ VÀ DANH ĐỘNG TỪ) I TO INFINITIVE (ĐỘNG TỪ NGUYÊN THỂ) a It’s adj + (of sb)+ to V: đó thật nào làm việc gì Các tính từ sau dùng với cấu trúc này: kind, good, stupid, clever, careless, sensible, brave, timid, coward, wise, rude, polite, generous, mean, thoughtful, tactful, selfish… Ex: It’s kind of you to help me You stole a car, which was stupid of you b S+ be + Adj + To V Các tính từ sau đây dùng với cấu trúc này: happy, sad, glad, nice, pleased, disappointed, difficult, easy, eager, ready, surprised, sorry, hesitant, amazed, able, willing, reluctant, sure/bound/certain Ex: I am very glad to see you again Động từ nguyên thể có “To” đứng sau V Agree(đồng ý), afford(có khả tài chính), appear (dường như), attempt (nỗ lực), arrange(sắp xếp), cause(gây ra), Choose (lựa chọn), decide(quyết định), demand (yêu cầu), Expect(mong đợi), Fail(thất bại), Hope(hi vọng), Hap, Hesitate(ngại, phiền), intend(dự định), mange(quản lý), offer(đề nghị), promise(hứa), Plan(lập kế hoạch), Pay(trả), Prepare(chuẩn bị), Refuse(từ chối), Threaten(đe dọa), tend(xu thế), wish(ước), want( muốn) Ex: I can’t afford to go abroad study He agreed to work for us She refused to answer personal questions II GERUND (DANH ĐỘNG TỪ- Ving) Những động từ dùng với danh động từ: Admit(nhận),finish, anticipate (đoán trước), appreciate (đánh giá), avoid( tránh), consider(xem xét), continue(tiếp tục), postpone =delay(hoãn), deny(chối), discuss(thảo luận), hate =dislike(ghét), enjoy(thích) , keep(giữ), mind(phiền), miss(lỡ) , practise, quit, resist(kháng lại), risk(liều), suggest(đề nghị), mention(đề cập), prefer…to Ex: I couldn’t avoid meeting him Have you finished talking? She enjoys playing tennis Danh động từ đúng sau giới từ : at, on, in, before, after, with, up, without, by, in addition to… Ex: we can improve our English by practicing much He came in without saying hello to anybody On getting home, he sat down to write a letter In addition to going to university she also takes a part- time job Before going to bed, I clean my teeth Đi với số thành ngữ cố định: + can’t help = can’t bear = can’t stand: không thể không + It’s (not) worth : Đáng (không đáng làm gì) + It’s no use = it’s no good= there be no point in Ving: làm gì đó là vô ích + S + have/has difficulty/trouble + in + Ving: gặp khó khăn, rắc rối + have (any) problem in Ving + have a good time + Ving + have a hard/difficult time + Ving Note: + Stop + to V: dừng lại để làm gì Ex: He stops smoking Ving: dừng lại không làm He stops to eat + remember + To V: nhớ phải làm gì(HT, TL) Ving: nhớ đã làm gì(QK) Ex: Remember to post my letter I remember locking the door before going out + forget + To V: quên phải làm gì (HT, TL) Ving: quên đã làm gì, không quên là Ex: Don’t forget to buy shoes for me Lop11.com (2) I’ll never forget meeting him + regret + To V: lấy làm tiếc(dùng để thông báo) Ving : hối tiếc, ân hận vì đã làm Ex: I regret to inform you that your application isn’t acceptable I regret buying a lot of shares + try + To V: cố gắng làm gì Ex: I try to get better marks Ving: thử làm gì I try solving this difficult sum + mean + To V: có ý định làm gì = intend Ving: đưa đến hậu gì = result in Ex: I don’t mean to buy that house His new job means earning a lot of money + need + To V : cần làm gì (mang tính chủ động người) Ving: cần làm gì (mang tính bị động vật) Ex: I need to sell some good My trousers need ironing NOTE: advise/allow/permit/forbid/encourage/recommend + (O)Sb + To V Ving Ex: they allow me to buy a new car I don’t allow smoking in the room III WITHOUT “TO” INFINITIVE Sau các động từ khuyết thiếu: can, could, may, might, should, had better … + V0 help/ make/ have(nhờ làm) + (O)sb + V0 NOTE: S + see/hear/watch/feel/notice/observe/smell + O + V0 (nhìn thấy toàn việc) S + see/hear/watch/feel/notice/observe/smell + O + Ving (nhìn thấy việc diễn ra) Exercise : I Put the verb in the brackets in the correct form He wanted (see) _the house where the president was born He is expected (arrive) _in a few days I would like him (go) _ to a university but I can’t (make) him go I am looking forward to (see) _ you I arranged (meet) _them there He urged us (work) _faster I wish (see) _the manager It is no use (wait) _him He warned her (not touch) _the wire 10 Don’t forget (clock) _the door before (go) _to bed 11 My mother told me (not speak) _too anyone about it 12 He tried (explain) _but she refused (listen) _ 13 At dinner she annoyed me by (smoke) _between the courses 14 He decided (disguise) himself by (dress) _as a women 15 I am prepared (wait) _here all night if necessary 16 Would you mind (show) _me how (work) _the lift 17 After (walk) _three hours we stopped (rest) _and let the others (catch) _up with us 18 I am beginning (understand) _what you mean 19 The boy likes (play) _games but hates (do) exercises 20 I regret (inform) _you that your application has been refused 21 I don’t allow (smoke) _in my drawing-room 22 I don’t allow my family (smoke) _at all 23 He surprised us all by (go) _away without (say) ‘Good-bye’ 24 Please go on (write) _; I don’t mind _ (wait) 25 He wore glasses (avoid) (be) _recognized 26 Before (give) _evidence you must swear (speak) _the truth 27 I tried (persuade) him (agree) _with your proposal 28 Your windows need (clean) .Would you like me (do) _them for you 29 Would you mind (shut) _the window? I hate (sit) _in a draught 30 I can’t help (sneeze) ; I caught a cold yesterday form (sit) _in a draught 31 Stop (talk) _; I am trying (finish) _a letter Lop11.com (3) 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 His doctor advised him (give) _up (jog) _ My watch keeps (stop) _ People used (make) _fire by (rub) _two sticks together He hates (answer) the phone, and very often just lets it (ring) If you go on (let) your dog (chase) cars he will end by (be) _run over I prefer (drive) _to (be) _driven I advise you (start) _ (look) _for a flat at once Would you mind (lend) _me some money? I forgot (cash) a cheque (Lie) _on the beach is much more pleasant than (sit) _in the office She like her children (go) _to the dentist every six months An instructor is coming (show) _us how (use) _the machine I have no intention of (go) _to that film; I couldn’t bear (see) _my favorite actress in such dreadful part I suggest (telephone) _the hospitals before (ask) _the police (look) _for him After (hear) _the conditions I decided (not enter) _for the competition Some people seem (have) _the passion for (write) _to the newspapers He expects me (answer) _by return but I have no intention of (reply) _at all He postponed (make) _a decision until it was too late (do) _anything Try (forget) _it; It isn’t worth (worry) _about it There is no point in (remain) in a dangerous place if you can’t anything (help) _the people who have (stay) there The horse won’t be well enough (run) _in tomorrow’s race He doesn’t seem (have) _recovered from his long journey At first I enjoyed (listen) _to him but after a while I got tired of (hear) _the same story again and again It is usually easier (learn) _a subject by (read) _books than by (listen) _ to lectures It wouldn’t be safe (start) _down now; we will have (wait) _till the mist clears After (discuss) the matter for an hour the committee adjourned without (have) _ reached any decision It’s not much use (have) _a bike if you don’t know how (use) _it I distinctly remember (pay) _him I gave him 2$ Did you remember (give) _him the key of the safe? - No, I didn’t I will go and it now Please forgive me for (interrupt) _you but would you mind (repeat) _that last sentence He made a lot of money by (buy) tickets in advance and (sell) _them twice the price on the day of the match II Choose the best answer Every day I spend two hours _ English.A practise B to practise C practising D practised The skiers would rather through the mountains than go by bus A.to travel by train B travel by train C traveled by train D traveling by train 3.He likes _ part in sports, so he joins the football team of the school.A to take B to taking C takes D took I don't remember _ the front door when I left home A to lock B lock C locked D locking 5.Children enjoy _ to ghost stories on Halloween night A.telling and listening B tell and listen C to tell and listen D to tell and to listen They decided _ to Japan for their summer holiday A going B to go C go D to going 7.His parents think it's time for him _ married A gets B get C to get D got 8.Peter's father ordered not to stay out late again A him B to him C that he D for him 9.Smoking is bad for your heath You had better _ it up A to give B give C giving D to be giving 10.I hope you don't mind so late at night.A telephoning B to telephone C.telephone D.to have telephoned 11.It took three and a half hours _ to Singapore.A to fly B flying C to be flown D fly 12.She refused _ them A.to help B.help C.having helped D.helping 13.My parents can't _ seeing me at home all day A stop B stand C start D hate 14. _is a popular sport in Europe A To ski B Skiing C Ski D To skiing 15.There are many ways of _ ourselves in a big city A enjoy B enjoying C enjoyment D to enjoy 16.I never feel like _ early on Monday morning.A getting up B get up C gets up D to get up 17.It is not easy a high-paid job.A find B finding C finds D to find 18.Would you like the doctor _ ?A coming B to come C come D comes 19 There is no need the door of the meeting room tonight A to lock B to be locking C.to be locked D locked 20 My husband wants me _ this letter before afternoon.A to post B posting C post D posts 21.I hate _ the dirty dishes after a meal.A wash B to washing C to wash D to be washing 22.She doesn't like going _ in the sea in summer.A to swim B to be swimming C swimming D swim 23.I am afraid of _ by the strong wind.A.taking away B.take away C.being taken away D.being taking away 24 We need to stop _ at what damage we have done to the nature and try it before it's too late A looking/ to fix B to look/ to fix C.to look/ fixing D.looking/ fixing 25.Human beings must stop the environment.A to pollute B polluted C.to polluted D.polluting 26.We walked for ten kilometers and then we stopped _ a rest.A to have B have C having D has 27.It is raining hard We had better _ at home tonight.A staying B to stay C stay D to be staying 28.Before starting for this company, I spent a year _ A work/travel B.work/traveling C.working/travel D.working/traveling 29.I _ play with dolls when I was small.A enjoyed B hated C started D used to Lop11.com (4) 30.It _ him two hours to finish the exercise.A take B took C to take D taking 31.I had no difficulty to her English.A listen B to listen C to listening D listening 32 We are buying a new motorbike A considering B deciding C expecting D thinking 33.If the earth stops around the sun, there will be no light on earth A move B to move C moved D moving 34 35 If we don't anything _ the ice on the poles from melting, the earth will be flooded one day A for stop B to stopping C to stop D stop 36.Unless we throwing garbage into the river, it will be polluted A stop B don't stop C will stop D won't stop 37.The pollution rate in this area seems slowly A increase B increasing C to increase D to be increase 38.Your hair is too long now It needs _ A to cut B cutting C being cut D to be cutting 39 We all enjoy _ English.A learn B to learn C learning 40.I expected them _ me a job A offer B offering C.to be offered D.to offer D learned More exercise: Put the verb in the brackets in the correct form 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 I’ll lend you the book when I’ve finished (read) _it How old were you when you learned (drive) _ My father gave up (smoke) _three years ago Would you mind (keep) _silent? I’m trying (study) _ I always try to avoid _ (borrow) money from my friends The traffic was very heavy this morning, but I managed _ (get) to school on time Could you please stop _ (make) so much noise? I hope _ (run) in the marathon next month Look! It’s started _ (rain) again It was too late, so we decided _ (take) a taxi home My sister always enjoys _ (listen) to classical music I’ve put off _ (write) the letter so many times I really must it today Sarah gave up _ (try) to find a job in this country and decided _ (go) abroad You can’t stop me _ (do) what I want They don’t have much money They can’t afford _ (go) out very often I’m still looking for a job but I hope _ (find) something soon My mother can’t stand _ (stay) at home without doing anything You must promise _ (not / be) late again I didn’t have enough time (finish) my work yesterday He refused ( allow) her ( think) for herself I was relieved (find out) that I had passed the exam She made her son _(wash) the windows before he could go outside _(play) with his friends She lets her children (stay) up very late We had nothing (do) except look at the cinema posters We both heard him (say) that he was leaving It made him angry (wait) for people who were late I couldn’t understand what the passage said, so I had my friend ( translate) it for me It’s important ( start) the meeting on time There are too many people here for me (talk) to all of them It took ages (download) the pictures from the Internet Whenever I have free time, I like ( watch) the basketball team (practice) She sent me an e- mail ( inform) me that the meeting had been canceled It was a thrill ( see) my brother (win) the chess tournament last year I must ( speak) to the manager It is lovely ( see) you again It is too cold ( go) out I am happy ( know) that you have passed the exam We’ve got a few jobs ( do) He keeps (ask) me the time and I keep (tell) _him (buy) _himself a watch I’m not in a hurry I don’t mind (wait) _for you Lop11.com (5)