gidi dang ddn binh dn trd lgi. Td hai md hinh trdng cd phe ghep dddc tridn khai thdnh cdng tren dja bdn xd Ddc Lidu. de'n nay dd cd ra't nhidu hp de'n hgc tap, tim hieu nen dien tich d[r]
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H U O N G P H A T T R I E N K I N H T E O N D I N H
TIT" NO HINH THONG CA PHE GHEP
Hien nay, viec nhan gidng cd phe vd tinh bdng nhieu phOdng phdp nhU ghep, gidm cdnh, nudi cdy
md dang ngdy cdng dddc Ong dung rgng rdi de ndng cao hieu qua vd cha't Iddng cua cdy cd phe, nhdt Id d nhdng tinh thugc khu vdc Tdy Nguyen Cdc phOdng phdp ndy dang dan dddc nhdn rdng vd phdt trien d cdc tinh thugc khu vdc Ddng Nam bd, dd cd Binh Phddc TO ket qua nghien cdu vd kinh nghiem thOc tiin cho thay, phOdng phdp ghep ndi nggn md choi ghep Id mdt dogn ngon thu tO vOdn nhdn choi ghep, con gdc ghep Id cdy ngoai rdy de cdi tgo vOdn hogc cdy vOdn Odm, giup sdn xud't cdy de trong mdi dd dddc Ong dung rdng rdi tgi cdc vung thdm canh cd phe nhdm tgo mgt vOdn cdy ddng deu cho ndng suat cao vd cha't Iddng td't
cai tgo lgi vudn ca phe theo hudng ddn cua Vien
Khoa hgc Ky thugt Ndng Ldm nghiep Tdy Nguyen De xdc djnh chinh xdc hieu qua cua md hinh nen td bat ddu thgc hien md hinh, mgi cdng viec, nhd cda cdy, thu dgn thdn, ldm bon, ddo ranh ep xanh, ldm co, tgo hinh, cat cdnh, ddnh chdi vddt, phun thudc trd sdu benh dng ddu thgc hign theo dung hudng ddn cua Vien Luc ddu gia dinh cung thay hdi lo, nhdng sau thdng thay cdy phdt trien tot, cdnh to vd nen rat yen tdm Hien vudn cua dng sdp cho thu hogch, trdi nhieu, to deu vd sd chum nhieu vd ddy hon Thay cdy phdt tridn td't nen trddc ddy may thdng, gia dinh dng dd phdt tridn them 0,5 d nhdng dien tich khde, cdy ndo phdt trien kem, dng deu cda di de tien hdnh ghep cdnh, den phdn ldn dang phdt trien rat tdt vd ddng deu Td cd md hinh cua gia dinh dng Hy, nhieu hp khde dd nhgn thd'y hieu qua cua nd nen nhidu bd vd ngoai xd dd den hgc hdi, tim hieu vd cd hg dd dp dung cdi tgo vUdn cua gia dinh len den cd hecta
Trddc ddy, cdy cd phe td trdng den cho trdi bdi cung phdi mat ndm, nhdng vdi md hinh ndy, chi sau 18 thdng dd cho thu hogch vdi chdt Iddng vugt trgi so vdi cdy cd phe thudng Cdy cd phe thudng neu dddc chdm sdc tdt cung chi dgt tdn/ ha, cdn dd'i vdi vUdn cd phe ghep ddc tinh cung phdi dgt ndng sud't td den tdn/ Hign cd rat nhieu hg vd ngoai xd den tim hieu kinh nghiem vd dgt mua chdi ghep
Kinh te cua xd Ddc Lieu chu yeu dga vdo sdn xuat ndng nghiep nen ddy se Id ca hgi ra't ldn de ddy mgnh phdt trien kinh te cua xd vi dd tim ddgc hddng phdt trien mdi cho cdy cd phe, mgt cdy trdng chu igc cua xd hign
Mdt di tdi tgo hOdng phdt trien mdi cho cdy cd phi
Tren ca sd thdc hign dd tdi "Xdy ddng md hinh phdt trien cdy cd phe ben vdng theo hddng GAP tren dja bdn tfnh" ddgc ky ket gida Vign Khoa hgc ky thupt Ndng ldm nghiep Tdy Nguyen vdi Sd Khoa hgc -Cong nghg Binh PhUdc Thdng ndm 2009, Vien dd ky hgp ddng thd nghipm vdi hg vd cda ghep cdi tgo cd phe vdi, mdi hg 0,5 tgi xd Ddc Lieu (Bu Ddng) Mgc du md hinh mdi ddpc thgc hign gdn ndm nhdng dd mang lgi tin hipu mdng ddi vdi ngddi trdng cd phe d Ddc Lieu ndi rieng vd cua tfnh noi chung Ong Hdu Phuc Hy d td 4, dp 8, xd Ddc Lidu, cho bie't: Trade ddy, di tim hieu ve mpt so md hinh ldm dn hieu qua d tfnh Ddk Ldk, thay hp cd nhieu phuang phdp cdi tgo cd phe ra't hieu qua nen dddc nhgn thpc hign md hinh gia dinh ra't phdn khdi Gia dinh cd 4.6 dd't canh tdc, chu yeu trdng cd phe, mgc du thdi diem ky ket thpc hign md hinh, vUdn cd phe cda ong dang phdt trien rat td't nhdng ong vdn quye't tdm
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Tgo hUdng phat then kinh temdi de giii vd phdt then hieu qua dien tich cd phe cdn lgi
Nhdng ndm qua, thdi tiet dien bien bd't thddng vd gid cd phe cung tdng gidm theo bie'n ddng chung cua thi trddng nen hieu qua kinh te dem lai td logi cdy trdng ndy khdng cao Trong dd, phdn ldn dien tich cd phe tren dja bdn tinh dd gid cdi, cho ndng sud't thdp, cdy cao su dang cd gid vd cho thu nhgp dn djnh Nhdng yeu to tren dd ddn de'n hien tugng, ngddi trdng cd phe bd cdy cd phe dd thay the bdng cdy cao su hogc nhdng logi cdy trdng khde cd hieu qua kinh te han nen dien tich cdy cd phe tren dja bdn tinh lien tuc sut gidm theo tdng ndm Viec ldm ndy cung the hien tdm ly chung cua da so ngddi ldm ndng nghiep tren dja bdn tinh Id khdng kien tri gdn bd de'n cung vdi cdy trdng cua minh nen diep khue "trdng chdt, chdt trdng" lien tuc didn hogc cd biet cd nhdng trddng hgp khdng cdn chuyen ddi nhdng bd mgc cho cdy phdt tridn theo hddng "td nhien" Chfnh vi vgy, nhidu hg ndng ddn dd phdi tiec nudi minh dd phd bo cdy cd phe hogc cd cd phe nhdng khdng cd trdi luc gid cd phe dang ngdy mdt tdng cao sau nen kinh te the
Bddc tie'p theo Id sd dung mdn Igc dd logi bd nhdng chdt ke't tda cd djch - nghTa Id tanin cung bj logi bo theo
Cdng dogn tie'p theo cung khd don gian, djch thu dddc cd the pha them dddng trdng Tuy vdo Iddng dddng nhidu hay ft md chdt Idgng rdgu vang ldm khde Trong qua trinh chdng cat, che bie'n bd se cd them kinh nghiem de tgo nhdng cdng thdc pha che dddng nhidu hay ft
VI sdn xud't rddu vang bdng phdang phdp len men nen viec logi bd nhdng vi sinh vdt cd djch men Id ra't quan trgng Ne'u khdng ldm td't cdng dogn ndy, rdgu se khdng sdn xud't dddc vi xud't hien mui chua, mui thdi td nhdng hogt ddng cua vi sinh vdt cd dd Do dd, dung djch cdn phdi chdng cat bdng each nd'u sdi de logi bo vi sinh vdt gay hgi Dung djch dddng trddc cho vdo djch trdi dieu cung phdi ddgc dun sdi
Tie'p theo Id cdy men vdo (men d ddy Id mgt
gidi dang ddn binh dn trd lgi
Td hai md hinh trdng cd phe ghep dddc tridn khai thdnh cdng tren dja bdn xd Ddc Lidu de'n dd cd ra't nhidu hp de'n hgc tap, tim hieu nen dien tich ddpc cdi tgo theo hinh thdc ndy dang ngdy mdt tdng len Dddc chdng kien md hinh cdi tgo vddn cd phe gid cdi dd ndng cao ndng sud't, chdt Idpng dd vd dang ddpc tridn khai rdng khdp tren dja bdn xd cung nhdng khu vdc ldn can cung thd'y mdng cho ngddi ndng ddn Trddc ddy, dien tfch cdy cd phe cda xd ra't ldn, nhdng de'n chf cdn 618 ha, hy vong dien tfch ndy se khong bj sut gidm md tie'p tuc cho hipu qua cao hdn so vdi trddc ddy Theo kinh nghipm cda cdc hp thdc hien mo hinh thi ky thudt ghep chdi tren cdy cd phe ra't dd thdc hign, mdc dp thdnh cdng cao, ddng thdi tiet kiem chi phf chdm sdc, gdp phdn ndng cao ndng sud't tren mdt dan vj dipn tfch Ne'u dja phddng se td chdc cdc budi hdi thao, md cdc ldp tap hudn mdi cdc nhd khoa hgc ve chuyen giao ky thudt, giup ndng ddn nam bdt khoa hgc - ky thugt de dp dung vdo thdc te sdn xud't mpt each bdi bdn han, ddy se Id tidn dd dd phdt trien vd nhdn rdng mo hinh tren dja bdn todn tfnh./
Lam PhUdng
titp tdeo tuanq 22
logi nam men saccharomyses cerevisiae), len men d nhipt dp thddng, td 25- 30 dp C thdi gian ngdy
Sau thdi gian ke tren, se tie'n hdnh len men phu, muc dfch cda ldn len men phu Id giup cho vi sinh vdttgo hdang cho rdgu
Cudi cung, Igc bo tgp chdt, dong chai vd bdn thi trddng De rdpu cd the bdo qudn Idu, ngddi sdn xud't cdn bdo qudn rdpu d nhipt dp thdp
De hgn che' hien tdgng rdgu vang bj sgm mdu theo thdi gian bdo qudn tannin cdn tdn ddtrong dung djch (vi hieu sud't tdch tannin cda gelatin dgt 77,9%, cda Ca(OH)2 dgt 88,4%), bd cd the cho them cd the bd sung them NaHS03, natri benzoate
Sdn phdm rdpu vang thdnh phdm Id rddu vang bdn ngpt, co dp cdn td 11-13,4% Trung binh 1kg trdi didu se cho khoang 1,5 lit rddu dieu./