XIX ehu ydu phan anh hidn Ihyc cuflc sdng mang tinh ddn gian, dac bidt TK XVII ta Ihudng gdp: ngudi di eiy, di eiy, sin bin, ddnh cd, dinh vdt, chpi ga, chpi U-iu, cheo thuydn, dudi [r]
(1)TLf LlglJ T R O N f i NI frlP
VAl NET \ t NGUt T U L A T
• m DIEU KHAC DINH i^NG BAC B(D
HOANG VAN KHOAN - NGUVfiN DtTC K I £ N Dinh lang la ngdi nha chung cua mdt
edng ddng cu din, noi cd kdt tinh ling nghTa xdm, la mdt yd'u td hidn hflu cfla vin hda Idng xa Vidt Nam Dinh xuit hidn khd sdm d midn Bie Vidt Nam, nhung vdi dinh ling hidn bidt, da sd dupe xiy dyng vio TK XVn, nhidu nhit cd nidn dai Cliinh Hda (I680-I7O5) dudi thdi Ld Hy Tdng Co thd ndi TK XVII la thdky cua dinh ling, vide phat fl-idn dinh ling keo theo su phit tridn eao dd nghd ihuai didu khie kidn trflc Didu khdc cd mdi d cac cdng trinh khac nhu ddn, nghe, chfla , nhung khdng d ddu nd dupc bieu hidn het minh nhu d dinh ling Didu khde kien true dinh Id mdt kho tang phong phu phan dnh sinh ddng ddi sdng hidn thyc va tdm hdn ngudi ndng ddn Vidt Nam Nd mang linh ddn gian, ling man va
Ltpn kSu ktidc
diSu khdc dinh Phdt L^, Thai Thyv Thai Binh
nhin vin sdu sic Chung tdi gidi thidu dudi ddy biic cham cu thd d ba ngdi dlnh TK XVII
Bflc cham trdn cdn bdn phai cua gian gifla dinh Phil Ldc thude xa Thii Giang, huydn Thai Thuy, tinh Thii Binh, md ta mdt ngudi phy nfl lay phai cim chide mdi xfle cho Ion in, tay trdi bdeon vd cho bu Ddy Id bfle cham in •$ di ngudi xem tim dap sd, ty kd't Iudn, mdl phong each nghd ihuai ma dupc sfl dung khd phd bidn Ngudi ddn thdm dinh thd'y canh Icni
kiu, khdc lidn doe lidp chdng doi ldm tern
Thd li bflc eham da dat dupc y ludng cua nha nghd sT Ba ddi tupng; chdng, con, Ipn ddu cd nhu eiu cip thid't, lai xay ddng thdi ma ngUdi phu nfl cin dap flng Qua bflc cham, nhi nghd sT da Idt ta kha sdu sdc ndi khd cua ngudi din bi ndng thdn dudi chd dp phong kidn
Mdt bflc cham khae khic d keo diu hdi dinh Thach Ldi, huydn Cim Giang tinh Hai Duong da ta mdl ngudi phy nfl bdeon quay mdt vd mdl bdn sau lung la mdt ching trai Iim let nhin trdm ngudi ddn bi Nhin din dia phuong gpi li thdng ngd di Trong bii vidl cua Nguydn Thi Tuin Tfl vdi diu dd Nghe thudt cham khdc tren kien trdc dinh ldng TK XVII d chdu tho sdng
Hdng dang lap ehi Di sdn vdn hda sd
(2)TH6II6 Till VAN Hr^A NflHP T H U A T
Gdlm^tcon
didu kh^c dinh Thpch L&i, Cdm Gidng, Hdi Duong
(28) - 2009 dd cdt bd chang u-ai chi dd lai ngudi phu nfl bd vi dd Ii Mdu id Cii hai;? kidn trdn khdng phan dnh ndi dung bfle eham Chung tdi dat Idn eho bflc cham ndy li Gdi mdt
con Biic eham ehi cd mdt phu nfl bdeon vi mdl
chdng trai Nha nghd sT da midu la mdi ngudt mdt ve Ngudi phu nfl bdeon quay mdt di bidu Id sy phan flng nhe nhdng, to mdt ngudi d i ed chdng ma vin gifl dupc ndt chinh chuydn vi dflc hanh Cdn chang trai, nghd sT lai midu ta cich khic Chi miy nhdt due don gian ldi la cdp mil dim dudi nhin ngudi dep Trong thyc id cudc sdng, ngudi phu nfl sau sinh thay ddi vd sinh Ij', thin thd nd nang, da de hdng hio, dep hon thi eon gai Din gian cd ciu
gdi mdt trdng mdn eon mdt Khdng phai chi
cd chdng trai dd, cdl dep md ching mudn nhin Bflc cham da thd hidn mdt tinh nhin vin khd sdu sic
Bflc cham thfl ba khie trdn edn gian gifla d dinh Hung Ldc, huydn NghTa Hung, tinh Nam Djnh Tie gia Nguydn Bich dit Idn eho bflc cham niy la Bd'n nu cudi, chflng tdi ddng y tdn gpi bflc cham dd cua Nguydn Bich Nu cudi Vidl Nam la mdl die didm vdn hda: eudi mim
cudi duydn, cudi nhat, cudi thim, cudi ddu., Din gian tdng kdt cd 36 nu eudi, nhd nghd sT chpn mdt sy vide ed bdn nu cudi khie Ching trai bd ngudi phu nfl ngdi ldn dfli, gio lay vdi ldi thiin ddng; dflng lai bdi ngudi phu nfl da ndm dupe cua ng cua ngudi din dng Ning cudi thim irong bung to khoii lae Ching trai nd nu cudi mim, khdng nhi'eh mdp, mit lim dim td sung sudng Ngudi ngdi bdn canh gia ngdn tay tro ehi vio mdt ching trai nd nu cudi chd didu, midng cudi toe todt dd Id ca ham rdng cua Cdn mdl ngudi khdc dflng canh liy lay bung midng m i eudi
Cd ngudi eho bflc cham mang ndi dung phdn thyc Song ndu nhin khii quit ndi dung didu khie dinh ling TK XVII ca TK XVI XVlll XIX ehu ydu phan anh hidn Ihyc cuflc sdng mang tinh ddn gian, dac bidt TK XVII ta Ihudng gdp: ngudi di eiy, di eiy, sin bin, ddnh cd, dinh vdt, chpi ga, chpi U-iu, cheo thuydn, dudi hd, chdng ngudi Idm xidc, quan hd nam nfl, phd bidn li rdng vd nhflng didn tich thin thoai nhu e i chdp hda rdng, dam cudi chudt
B^rv^cudl
didu kh6c dinh Hung L$c, NghTa Hung, Nam Djnh
(3)bai td vinh quy chua thd'y mdl bflc eham trd ndo mang ydu id phdn thyc
Nhin vdo bfle eham bd'n nu cudi, thoat diu la cam thiy tuc, nhung lai rit Nd chfla dung mdl ndi dung chdng dao dflc gia ddi ciia phong kidn manh me Tridu dinh cho dd'n quan lai li'y dao dflc Nho giio dd ring bude ngudi ndng din vio khudn phdp
Gdp Kidu Nguydt Nga, Lue Van Tidn vdi xua lay:
Khoan khoan ngdi dd chd Ndng Id phdn gdi, ta Id phgn trai
Trong lue dd:
Bd binh, bd hd, bd hinh Ba bd ddng tinh bdp vii tdi
Cd nhflng dng vua hoang ddm vd dd, ydt ttidu khdng ngdi dupe, phai ndm - ngpa tridu Ngupc lai mdt ngudi gai khdng chdng md chfla thi eao trpe diu bdi vdi, bdu ridu gifla dinh ling Nhdn ddn bdnh vyc ngay:
Khdng ehdng md chda mdi ngoan Co chdng md chda the gian sU ihu&ng
Canh lupng nhu trdn ta cung gdp d nhimg dinh khac dinh Phfl Lao linh Bie Giang cd nhflng ed gdi khda thin, hoac nhflng cd gai v^n cao viy dd Id bd phin cin che diy, ngdi trdn diu rdng hodc riu rdng cflng vdi ban trai Hinh tupng rdng la lupng trung eho vua Con gii khda thdn ngdi trdn diu rdng Id mpt hdnh ddng pham thupng cd y, bidu Id sy phan flng tao bao eua ngudi ndng din ddi vdi thd lyc thdng tri
Nhin rdng d cie nude ehiu Au cung vdy; ndu da ddn bao lang Hermitage d thinh phd Sanki Petersburg nudc Nga, ta se thiy ri't nhidu biic lupng tac bdng da tring cae ed gii nim khoa Ihdn Ddy Id mdt thdi V.y giai cip tu san dang ldn chdng lai tu ludng cua giai cip phong kidn da ttoig vfli dip ngudi ca mdt ddm Irudng trung cd
Ndi ldm lai, ngudi ndng ddn Vidt Nam vfla li mdl nha kidn true, vfla l i mdt nhi didu khic J l k^ thie lim hdn vd lri tud eua minh tao nhflng dinh ling, mdt tie phdm nghd thuil rfuydl vdi cua ling xa Vidt Nam nghin ndm
n hidn ^
H.V.K-N.D.K
TUiiifiiTRnMriKJiff^r
TRANH DRN GIRN DONG HO VOI DOI SONG
NONG THON VIET NAM
v o THANH TRUNG
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