Bài soạn Trang tri he dong luc tau thuy 1

MARINE PROPULSION PLANT - MPP Lecture: Master, First Engineer Mai The Trong Propulsion Division Faculty of Marine Engineering Viet Nam Maritime University 6 years of teaching and working on board the foreign and Viet Nam Ship. Purpose of the Subject  Introduce main requirements of propulsion ‘s designing follow Classification Society  Understand structure specification, principle operation of shafting on MPP  Read and understand all system drawing of MPP  Operate MPP systems  Improve specialize English Contents  Total: 75 periods, ◦ 45 periods for theory ◦ 30 periods for practical and simulation  General contents ◦ Chapter 1: Notions of Marine propulsion plant ◦ Chapter 2: Shafting and it’s components ◦ Chapter 3: Mode of driving and driving mechanisms ◦ Chapter 4: Vibration ◦ Chapter 5: Systems of Marine propulsion plant Punishment  Absent 1 period: 20000 VND  Play truant: 50000 VND  Phone rang: 30000 VND  Hear phone: 30000 Chapter 1 Notions and classification of Marine Propulsion Plant Total: 6 periods Lesson 1: Notions of MPP  What is MPP?  MPP consists of: ◦ Main propulsion equipment ◦ Auxiliary propulsion equipments ◦ Safety equipment ◦ Equipment of serving domestic requirement ◦ Deck ‘s equipment Lesson 1: Notions of MPP 1. Main propulsion plant equipment a. Main Engine  Generates mechanical energy to turn a ship's propeller  Kinds of following main engine can be used: Steam engine, steam turbine, gas turbine, diesel engine, and “generator - motor”  Diesel engine is mostly used nowadays. Besides this, on modern ships newly manufactured with large power, the steam turbine propulsion plants are being developed.  In the marine propulsion plant, one or more main engine can be used. Lesson 1: Notions of MPP b. Propulsion equipment ◦ Transforms mechanical energy of the main engine into thrust force when maneuvering. ◦ The oldest type of mechanical propulsion for ships is Jet propulsion. ◦ Paddle wheel was used on steamers until about 1850. ◦ Nowadays, screw propeller was used on all ship with advantage of high efficiency and safe working. ◦ There are two common kinds of screw propeller used in the marine propulsion plant, they are:  Non controllable - pitch propeller  Controllable - pitch propeller Lesson 1: Notions of MPP c. Driving equipment ◦ It is intermediate equipment to transmit power from a main engine to a screw propeller ◦ Driving equipment consists of: Shafting, flanges, split muff coupling, clutch, and reduction gear. e. Main boiler ◦ Its duty is to supply steam (with high pressure and temperature) to steam engine, steam turbine and other auxiliary machinery. ◦ Main boiler is used only on steam ship. g. Conveyance equipment ◦ They are used to convey working substance to a main engine. They consist of steam tube, gas tube. Lesson 1: Notions of MPP 2. Auxiliary equipment of MPP a. Generator ◦ Supply electric energy for the ship to serve many different objects. Remember that, there must be at least two generators in MPP ◦ Generators can be driven by diesel engines , steam engine, steam turbine or some time by Main Engine (Shaft Generator) c. Compressed air system ◦ Generates and stores compressed air with high pressure for starting and reversing the main engines, starting generator engines, cleaning parts of the engine ◦ Compressed air is also used in remote control and automatic control systems. Compressed air system consists of compressors, reservoirs (air tank), non-reversible valves, relief valves, and compressed air pipes . e. Auxiliary boiler ◦ Supplyes steam to heat fuel, water, diesel engine (before starting) and cabins. In addition, it also serves steam machineries and equipment (such as cargo pumps on tanker ships). [...]... and answer the following questions: 1 How many type of resistance act to the ship? And calculate them? 2 How to calculate ME power from the resistance? 3 Why actual ME ‘s power always higher than that from calculate? Lesson 5: Requirements of Marine Propulsion Plant  To operate the ship safely and economically, a marine propulsion plant has to satisfy the general requirements as follow: ◦ The transformation... propulsion plant for independent working ability of the ship a Requirement about the weight of propulsion plant b Requirement about dimension of the engine room c Requirement about the needs of the propulsion plant d Requirement of the propulsion plant according to sea condition (Student read the text book) Finished chapter 1 ...Lesson 1: Notions of MPP 3 Safety equipment of MPP To undertake the safe operations of the ship in every condition to limit damages due to trouble Safety equipment consists of: a Bilge system b Ballast system c Fire protection system d Repairing equipment, store and spare parts for replacing Lesson 1: Notions of MPP 4 Equipment for ser ving the domestic requirement ◦ They are equipment to undertake the... meet all these requirements together is very difficult To simplify it, we study the following requirements; Lesson 5: Requirements of Marine Propulsion Plant 1 Requirement about the power of marine propulsion plant according to propeller and hull characteristics 2 Requirement about economical norm of marine propulsion plant 3 Requirements of propulsion plant for independent working ability of the ship... requirements of all ship's crews ◦ They consist of light system, ventilation and air conditioner system, provision refrigerator system, fresh water system, washing water sytem and so on 6 Deck's equipment ◦ They consist of steering gear, mooring winches, cargo winches, life equipment (life boats, life rafts an so on ) Lesson 2: Classification of MPP Steam propulsion plant 1 ◦ Steam engine ◦ Steam turbine... steam, which acts on blades wheel of turbine With a certain blade wheel, turbine cannot reverse its self ◦ Turbine's revolution is much higher than optimum range of propeller's revolution, so turbine cannot directly drive propeller ◦ Gas temperature in boiler combustion chamber is limited by heat durability of material Cycle temperature is low; boiler and transmission pipes have heat losses so efficiency... low ◦ Efficiency of the steam turbine propulsion plant is about 22 ÷ 26% ◦ High pressure and temperature steam flows continuously inside transmission pipes It may cause danger to operators when emergency happens ◦ It requires having a high quality of water in the system ◦ It takes a long time to prepare for starting the system, so it is not flexible At home  List all equipment in the engine room and... starting ◦ Heat energy, which goes out of engine with gas is high; so that we can re-use ◦ Efficiency of Diesel engine MPP about 35 – 55% 2 Technical characteristics of steam turbine propulsion plant ◦ Working substance is high-pressure steam generated in main boiler ◦ Output is continuous ◦ Working substance flows continuously through the turbine so rotating moment, heat and mechanical load in the parts... propulsion plant ◦ Working substance is combustion of air - fuel ◦ Thermal efficiency is high, SFC is low ◦ Output is not continuously generated ◦ Generate reciprocating forces and inertia moments when working ◦ Engine parts withstand forces vary cyclically ◦ Immediate pressures and tempretures in the engine combustion chamber are very high 1 Technical characteristics of diesel engine propulsion plant ◦... through the turbine so rotating moment, heat and mechanical load in the parts of engine are stable Therefore, turbine has a high longevity ◦ All moving parts of turbine are installed on a rotor, rotated with the same certain direction and speed It permits to reduce mechanical losses, raise efficiency of turbine When working, turbine doesn't generate inertia forces ◦ Output of turbine depends on only parameters . and answer the following questions: 1. How many type of resistance act to the ship? And calculate them? 2. How to calculate ME power from the resistance?. engine. They consist of steam tube, gas tube. Lesson 1: Notions of MPP 2. Auxiliary equipment of MPP a. Generator ◦ Supply electric energy for the ship