CHUYÊN ĐỀ CẤU TẠO TỪ

) * PHẦN I: LÝ THUYẾT A Cách thành lập DANH TỪ Formation NOUNS Verb + er/ or/ ant Teacher, manager, driver, actor, director, attendant, assistant Verb + ion Action, invention, construction, direction, revolution, decision Verb + ment/ al Development, appointment, refusal, removal, approval Verb + ing Swimming, teaching, jogging, training, building Adj + ness Kindness, goodness, happiness, sadness, darkness, illness, sickness Adj + ty Safety, loyalty, variety, ability, honesty, cruelty, Adj + th Length, depth, width, truth, warmth, strength Adj + dom Freedom, wisdom, boredom Noun + ist/ ian Guitarish, novelish, violinist, musician, physician, historian Noun + ism Patriotism, capitalism, socialism, heroism Noun + ship Friendship, leadership, scholarship, comradeship Noun + hood Childhood, brotherhood, neighbourhood, parenthood Super/ over/ sub/ sur + Supermarket, superman overexpenditure subway overexpenditure N Vị trí DANH TỪ Sau tính từ (adj + N) They are interesting books Sau- mạo từ: a /an / the - từ định: this, that, these, those, every, each, … He is a student - từ số lượng: many, some, few, little, several These flowers are beautiful - tính từ sở hữu: my, his, her, your, our, their, its… She needs some water Sau ngoại động từ (V cần O) She buys books She meets a lot of people Sau giới từ (prep + N) He talked about the story yesterday He is interested in music Trước V chia (N làm chủ từ) The main has just arrived Sau enough (enough + N) I don’t have enough money to buy that house B Cách thành lập TÍNH TỪ formular Adjectives Harmful, useful, successful, hopeful, helpful, peaceful, careful - ful Childless, odourless, careless, hopeless, harmless, useless - less Manly, worldly, hourly, daily, weekly, monthly, yearly, friendly - ly Childlike, godlike, lifelike, ladylike, manlike - like Childish, boyish, girlish, selfish - ish Hearthy, dirty, dusty, snowy, windy, rainy, cloudy, sunny, sandy - y Natural, national, industrial, agricultural, cultural, magical - al Dangerous, courageous, poisonous, mountainous - ous Artistic, electric, alcoholic, economic - ic Enjoyable, reasonable, respectable - able Un/ im/ il/ ir/in/ dis + Unimportant, impossible, illegal, irregular, disable adj Vị trí TÍNH TỪ Trước N (Adj + N) Sau TO BE Sau: become, get, look, feel, taste, smell, seem … This is an interesting books I am tired It becomes hot She feels sad Sau trạng từ (adv + adj): extremely (cực kỳ), completely (hoàn toàn), really (thực sự), terribly, very, quite, rather, … Sau keep / make) Sau too ( be + too + adj) Trước enough (be + adj + enough) Trong cấu trúc: be + so + adj + that A, an, the, this, that, his, her, their, my, … + (Adj) + Noun Trong câu cảm thán: - How + adj + S + V - What + (a / an) + adj + N It is extremely cold I’m terribly sorry She is very beautiful The news made me happy That house is too small The house isn’t large enough She was so angry that she can’t speak My new car is blue How beautiful the girl is! What an interesting film! Note: adj-ed adj-ing Hình thức phân từ (-ING): Diễn tả nhận thức người nói người/việc C Cách thành lập TRẠNG TỪ Phần lớn: Adj + -ly -> Adv Ex: beautifully, carefully, suddenly, carelessly, recently Lưu ý: Một số trạng từ đặc biệt cần ghi nhớ: - good (a) well (adv): giỏi, tốt - late (a) late / lately (adv): trễ, chậm - ill (a) ill (adv): xấu, tồi, - fast (a) fast (adv): nhanh - hard (a) hard (adv): tích cực, vất vả, chăm hardly (adv): khơng Vị trí Trạng từ Adv + adj Ex: She is very beautiful The weather is extremely hot Adverbs are placed at the beginning of the sentence Ex: Unfortunately, he failed the exam Adverbs are placed after the verb modified Ex: He is running fast Adv + Pii Ex: He is well educated The wedding day is carefully chosen by groom’s parents * PHẦN II: BÀI TẬP VẬN DỤNG My mother is a of English Her father is a She sent her best wishes for my future He was punished for his We like going in his car as he is a driver AIDS is a disease She looks in her new coat He turns out to be the student in his class Nam is always 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 There are four _in my house The photocopy is between the _ and the drugstore Is your brother an _? Mai's sister is a We must be when we cross the road This tree has a lot of green _ Is your father a ? I’m Vietnamese What’s your ? (TEACH) (FARM) (HAPPY) (LAZY) (CARE) (DANGER) (ATTRACT) (GOOD) (BUSINESS) (BOOKSELF) (BAKE) (ACT) (SING) (CARE) (LEAF) (BUSINESS) (NATION) 18 Air is a big problem in many cities in the world (POLLUTE) 19 Yoko is from Japan She is _ (JAPAN) 20 Mary likes attending the English contests (SPEAK) 21 My neighborhood is for good and cheap restaurants (FAME) 22 I like the city life because there are many kinds of (ENTERTAIN) 23 Lan’s classroom is on the floor (TWO) 24 These children like weather (SUN) 25 Lan speaks English than me (WELL) 26 The Great Wall of China is the world’s structure (LONG) 27 What’s Mary’s .? - She’s British (NATION) 28 We should not waste and water (ELECTRIC) 29 Let him it (HE) 30 My aunt is a good ………… (TEACH) 31 Thao is my friend She is very ……… (BEAUTY) 32 I want to go ………… in the summer (SWIM) 33 My sister ……………gets up early in the morning (USUAL) 34 Don’t go out at night because it is very …………… (DANGER) 35 This exercise is very ………… I can’t it (DIFFICULTY) 36 He can speak English ………….than his brother (GOOD) 37 How you feel now? – I feel ………… (TIRE) 38 My uncle lives in the city He is a ………… (DRIVE) 39 Where is Tom? – He is in the ………… room (LIVE) 40 Nam is the … of the three boys (TALL) 41 Vietnam has a lot of …… beaches (BEAUTY) 42 Air … is a big problem in many cities in the world (POLLUTE) 43 Our school children sometimes go … on the weekend (CAMP) 44 I’m Vietnamese What’s your ….? (NATION) 45 Mount Everest is very high It is … mountain in the world (HIGH) 46 Don’t make a fire here It’s very … (DANGER) 47 Is your father a … ? (BUSINESS) 48 We went to bed early because we had a ……… day (TIRE) 49 There were two ……… yesterday:fire-making and rice-cooking (COMPLETE) 50 The old lamp ……………… in China is five dollars (MAKE) ... phân từ (-ING): Diễn tả nhận thức người nói người/việc C Cách thành lập TRẠNG TỪ Phần lớn: Adj + -ly -> Adv Ex: beautifully, carefully, suddenly, carelessly, recently Lưu ý: Một số trạng từ đặc... quite, rather, … Sau keep / make) Sau too ( be + too + adj) Trước enough (be + adj + enough) Trong cấu trúc: be + so + adj + that A, an, the, this, that, his, her, their, my, … + (Adj) + Noun Trong...Sau trạng từ (adv + adj): extremely (cực kỳ), completely (hoàn toàn), really (thực sự), terribly, very, quite,