A comparative analysis on english translations of vietnamese songs a case study of em gai mua

VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHER EDUCATION GRADUATION PAPER A STUDY ON VIETNAMESE-ENGLISH TRANSLATION OF CINEMATIC HITS’TITLES FROM 2013 TO 2017 Supervisor: Vương Thị Thanh Nhàn M.A Student: Nguyễn Thị Lam Phương Course: QH2014.F1.E20 HÀ NỘI – 2018 ĐẠI HỌC QUỐC GIA HÀ NỘI TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC NGOẠI NGỮ KHOA SƯ PHẠM TIẾNG ANH KHÓA LUẬN TỐT NGHIỆP NGHIÊN CỨU VỀ BẢN DỊCH VIỆT-ANH CỦA TỰA ĐỀ NHỮNG BỘ PHIM ĐIỆN ẢNH THÀNH CÔNG TỪ NĂM 2013 ĐẾN NĂM 2017 Giáo viên hướng dẫn: Vương Thị Thanh Nhàn M.A Sinh viên: Nguyễn Thị Lam Phương Khóa: QH2014.F1.E20 HÀ NỘI - 2018 ACCEPTANCE I hereby state that I: Nguyen Thi Lam Phuong,QH2014E20 being a candidate for the degree of Bachelor of Arts (English Language) accept the requirements of the College relating to the retention and use of Bachelor’s Graduation Paper deposited in the library In terms of these conditions, I agree that the origin of my paper deposited in the library should be accessible for the purposes of study and research, in accordance with the normal conditions established by the librarian for the care, loan or reproduction of the paper Signature Nguyễn Thị Lam Phương Hà Nội, 2018 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would first like to express the most sincere gratitude to my beloved supervisor, Ms Vương Thị Thanh Nhàn for her enthusiasm and dedication, encouragement, immense knowledge; her patience, understanding and support in overcoming numerous obstacles I have been facing through my research Her continuous guidance and valuable comments helped me in all the time of research and writing of this thesis I could not have imagined having a better supervisor and mentor for my thesis I am also gratefully indebted to my dearest friends who were involved in the questionnaires of this research Without their passionate participation and input, the questionnaires could not have been successfully conducted and there could have been no data for analysis I would also like to acknowledge the great help of the library of University of Languages and International Studies as the source of information and references for this thesis and tremendous contribution of all teachers who taught me during my years at the university And finally, last but by no means least, my profound thanks also go to my parents and my brother for providing me with unfailing support and continuous encouragement throughout my years of study and through the process of researching and writing this thesis Had it not been for them, this accomplishment would not have been possible i ABSTRACT Along with the unprecedented development of the film industry, there is a growing number of Vietnamese movies being introduced worldwide and gaining certain achievements As a result, movie title translation is receiving more and more attention, especially from scholars and researchers with quite many studies conducted in this field However, the number of researches on translation of Vietnamese titles into English remains modest, which urged the researcher to a study into this area, more specifically into the English translation of Vietnamese cinematic hits’ titles from 2013 to 2017 The study was divided into two phases corresponding to two research questions with samples of 20 titles and 30 participants Phase used qualitative approach to find out the translation techniques applied to translate ten chosen Vietnamese titles Meanwhile, in phase 2, 30 participants- 15 Vietnamese people and 15 foreigners were asked to complete questionnaires to evaluate the extent to which original titles and their translations achieved three functions of a movie – informative, vocative and aesthetic function The collected answers were converted to figures, and then presented by tables, allowing the researcher to obtain the findings and draw conclusions Results from two phases revealed that Providing a new title and Literal translation were the two most common techniques employed for translating ten Vietnamese titles Moreover, while there were two Vietnamese titles achieving all three functions, none of the translated titles could it In other words, all the English translated titles failed to achieve three assigned functions, as evaluated by target audience Given the small population of the study, the researcher recommends further studies should be conducted with larger samples Investigations into problems discussed in the study such as cultural elements in translation or the failure to fulfill three functions of translated titles should be encouraged ii TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENT i ABSTRACT ii TABLE OF CONTENTS iii LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES vi CHAPTER INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background 1.2 Statement of research problem & questions 1.3 Scope of research 1.4 Significance 1.5 Organization CHAPTER LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Translation 2.2 Movie title translation 2.2.1 A brief on movie title translation 2.2.2 Principles of movie title translation 2.2.3 Movie title translation strategies 11 2.3 Cinematic hits 12 2.4 Movie title 13 2.4.1 Characteristics 13 2.4.2 Functions 15 2.4.3 Skopos theory 16 2.5 Target audience 17 iii 2.6 Conclusion 20 CHAPTER METHODOLOGY 22 3.1 Subjects of the study 22 3.1.1 Titles of cinematic hits 22 3.1.2 Target audience 27 3.2 Data collection 28 3.2.1 Instruments 28 3.2.2 Procedures 29 3.3 Data analysis 30 3.4 Conclusion 31 CHAPTER FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION 32 4.1 Findings 32 4.1.1 Translation strategies 32 4.1.2 Function fulfillment of Vietnamese cinematic hits’ titles 37 4.1.3 Function fulfillment of English titles of Vietnamese cinematic hits 40 4.1.4 Comparison between the function fulfillment of Vietnamese cinematic hits’ titles and their English translated titles 42 4.2 Discussion 44 4.2.1 Translation strategies 44 4.2.2 Function fulfillment of Vietnamese cinematic hits’ titles 46 4.2.3 Function fulfillment of English titles of Vietnamese cinematic hits 47 4.2.4 Comparison between the function fulfillment of Vietnamese cinematic hits’ titles and their English translated titles 49 CHAPTER CONCLUSION 51 iv 5.1 Summary 51 5.2 Limitations and suggestions 52 REFERENCES 54 APPENDICES 60 v LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES List of figures Figure The use of translation strategies in Vietnamese-English translation of cinematic hits’ titles List of tables Table Description of ten chosen movie titles Table Original titles, translated titles, back translation and applied strategies Table The use of translation strategies in Vietnamese-English translation of cinematic hits’ titles Table Titles translated by “Providing a new title” Table Titles translated by “Literal translation” Table Informative function fulfilled by Vietnamese cinematic hits’ titles Table Vocative and aesthetic function fulfilled by Vietnamese cinematic hits’ titles Table Table Informative function fulfilled by English translated titles Vocative and aesthetic function fulfilled by English titles of Vietnamese cinematic hits vi CHAPTER INTRODUCTION In this initial part, the problem and the rationale, the scope, and the significance of this study are presented Above all, this part also identifies two research questions, which will direct the whole research 1.1 Background Movie is one of the most significant art forms that can reflect life, culture, or thought of a society and present it to other societies, as the French artist and novelist, Baker (2004, p.40) said: “Movie is so important that it has become the first arts of human world” It serves as a medium for the cultural communication between countries For movie to fulfill its duty as a cultural bridge, one could not deny the utmost importance of movie translation As a result, numerous studies on movies translation have been conducted by researchers around the world, covering many aspects of movie translation such as translating film scripts, translating slang or cultural terms or movie dubbing Many Vietnamese researchers also show interest in this field and “A Study on Film Translation” by Van L.T.H (1999), “A Study on the Translation of Film scripts in English to Vietnamese” by Thanh (2001), “The Study on the Translation of Movie Script” (2001) and “A study of Translation of English-Vietnamese Subtitles in Selected English Films from the Website kst.net.vn” by Ha (2012) are some examples These studies focus on the translation of foreign movies from English into Vietnamese Meanwhile, in Vietnam, throughout the years, movie industry has witnessed waves of changes and transformations, turning it into a fast-growing sector According to Thu (cited in Điện ảnh Việt chiến giành miếng bánh trăm triệu USD, 2016), over the past 4-5 years, the growth rate of Vietnam’s movie market “has reached 35-40%” and “the gross box office revenue rises from approximately 83 million dollars in 2014 to 105 million dollars in 2015” Vietnamese film community has forged a strong brand and unique voice within the global cinema community with a great number of movies gaining 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Retrieved December 12, 2017, from http://www.bbfc.co.uk/what-classification Yin, L (2009) On the translation of English movie titles Asian Social Science,5(3),171-173 Retrieved December 9th, 2017, from http://www.ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/ass/article/download/%20268/24 Zhihong, B (2018) On Translation Strategies of English Movie Titles Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 9(1), 119-124 Retrieved January 30, 2018 from http://www.academypublication.com/ojs/index.php/jltr/article/view/jltr090 1119124/1366 59 APPENDICES Appendix Đánh giá khán giả Việt Nam tiêu đề phim Việt Nam thành cơng từ năm 2013-2017 Xin chào! Mình Nguyễn Thị Lam Phương, lớp 14E20 khoa Sư phạm tiếng Anh, trường ĐHNN, ĐHQGHN Mình thực nghiên cứu đánh giá "Bản dịch Việt-Anh tiêu đề phim phim Việt thành công từ năm 2013-2017", cụ thể đánh giá xem liệu dịch có hồn thành chức tiêu đề phim hay khơng Hy vọng bạn dành chút thời gian hoàn thành khảo sát giúp đỡ bạn đóng góp nhiều cho nghiên cứu Mọi thơng tin người thực khảo sát sử dụng cho mục đích nghiên cứu, bảo mật khơng tiết lộ với bên thứ ba Mình cảm ơn nhiều! I THÔNG TIN CÁ NHÂN: Họ tên: Tuổi: II ĐÁNH GIÁ BẢN DỊCH CỦA NHỮNG TIÊU ĐỀ PHIM: Chức thông tin (Informative function): Bạn đưa câu hỏi ngắn cho câu hỏi sau: Chỉ dựa vào tiêu đề, bạn nghĩ nội dung chính, nhân vật thể loại phim gì? Tiêu đề Nội dung (1-2 câu) 60 Nhân vật Thể loại (hành động, hài, kinh dị,…) Em chưa 18 (2017) …………………………… ………………… …………………………… ………………… …………………… …………………… Cha Cõng Con (2017) …………………………… ………………… …………………………… ………………… …………………… …………………… Đảo Của Dân Ngụ Cư (2017) …………………………… ………………… …………………………… ………………… …………………… …………………… Tấm Cám: Chuyện Chưa Kể (2016) …………………………… ………………… …………………………… ………………… …………………… …………………… Gái Già Lắm Chiêu (2016) …………………………… ………………… …………………………… ………………… …………………… …………………… Tôi Thấy Hoa Vàng Trên Cỏ Xanh (2015) …………………………… ………………… …………………………… ………………… …………………… …………………… Em Là Bà Nội Của Anh (2015) …………………………… ………………… …………………………… ………………… …………………… …………………… Quả Tim Máu (2014) …………………………… ………………… …………………………… ………………… …………………… …………………… Đoạt Hồn (2014) …………………………… ………………… …………………………… ………………… …………………… …………………… …………………………… ………………… Âm Mưu Giày Gót Nhọn (2013) …………………………… ………………… …………………… …………………… Chức lôi (Vocative function): Chọn (✔) phương án thể ý kiến bạn Câu hỏi chung: Trên thang điểm 1-5, biết tiêu đề phim, bạn đánh giá tò mò hứng thú bạn với phim điểm? 61 Tiêu đề Đánh giá bạn Em chưa 18 (2017) Không ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ hứng thú thú Cha Cõng Con (2017) Không ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ hứng thú Không ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ hứng thú Không ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ hứng thú Không ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ hứng thú Không ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ hứng thú Rất hứng thú Em Là Bà Nội Của Anh (2015) Rất hứng thú Tôi Thấy Hoa Vàng Trên Cỏ Xanh (2015) Rất hứng thú Gái Già Lắm Chiêu (2016) Rất hứng thú Tấm Cám: Chuyện Chưa Kể (2016) Rất hứng thú Đảo Của Dân Ngụ Cư (2017) Rất hứng Không ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ hứng thú Rất hứng thú Quả Tim Máu (2014) Không hứng thú ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ Rất hứng thú 62 Đoạt Hồn (2014) Không ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ hứng thú thú Âm Mưu Giày Gót Nhọn (2013) Rất hứng Không ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ hứng thú Rất hứng thú Chức thẩm mỹ (Aesthetic function): Chọn (✔) phương án thể ý kiến bạn Trên thang điểm 1-5, bạn đánh giá mức độ ấn tượng bạn với vẻ đẹp ngôn ngữ tiêu đề phim sau điểm? (có yếu tố chơi chữ khơng, có biện pháp tu từ khơng, dùng từ có gợi hình gợi cảm khơng, ý nghĩa có sáng tạo khơng, ) Tiêu đề Em chưa 18 (2017) Lý (Nếu bạn giải thích ngắn gọn lựa chọn bạn) Đánh giá bạn Khơng có ☐ đặc biệt Cha Cõng Con (2017) Khơng có đặc biệt Đảo Của Dân Ngụ Khơng có Cư (2017) đặc ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ biệt 63 ………………… Rất ấn ………………… tượng ………… ………………… Rất ấn ………………… tượng ………… ………………… Rất ấn ………………… tượng ………… Tấm Cám: Chuyện Khơng có Chưa Kể đặc (2016) biệt Gái Già Lắm Khơng có Chiêu đặc (2016) biệt Tơi Thấy Hoa Vàng Khơng có Trên Cỏ đặc Xanh biệt (2015) Em Là Bà Nội Của Khơng có Anh đặc (2015) biệt Quả Tim Máu (2014) Đoạt Hồn (2014) Âm Mưu Giày Gót Nhọn (2013) ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ Khơng có ☐ đặc biệt ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ Khơng có ☐ đặc biệt ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ Khơng có ☐ đặc biệt ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ HẾT ………………… Rất ấn ………………… tượng ………… ………………… Rất ấn ………………… tượng ………… ………………… Rất ấn ………………… tượng ………… ………………… Rất ấn ………………… tượng ………… ………………… Rất ấn ………………… tượng ………… ………………… Rất ấn ………………… tượng ………… Cảm ơn giúp đỡ bạn! 64 ………………… Rất ấn ………………… tượng ………… Appendix Foreign audience's evaluation of English translated titles of Vietnamese cinematic hits Hello! I am Nguyen Thi Lam Phuong from QH2014.F1.E20, Faculty of English Language Teacher Education, University of Languages and International Studies, Vietnam National University, Hanoi I am doing a research on “VietnameseEnglish Translation of Cinematic hits’ titles from 2013 to 2017” The aim of this research is to gather personal opinions and evaluations of the quality of English translated movie titles In more details, it aims at discovering whether the translated titles fulfill functions of a movie title Your contribution in completing the survey will be of great help for my research I guarantee that all of your personal information as well as answers will be kept confidential and served for research purpose only Thank you so much for your valuable time and support! I PERSONAL INFORMATION: (optional) Full name: Age: Nationality: II EVALUATIONS OF TRANSLATED MOVIE TITLES: Informative function: Please shortly provide your answers for the following questions: Based on the title alone, what you think Title .the plot of the movie is? (1-2 sentences) Jailbait (2017) ……………………………… ……………………………… 65 .the main characters of the movie are? .the genre of the movie is? ……………… ……………… ……………… ……………… Father and Son (2017) ……………………………… ……………………………… ……………… ……………… ……………… ……………… Island of Aliens (2017) ……………………………… ……………………………… ……………… ……………… ……………… ……………… Tam Cam: The Untold Story (2016) ……………………………… ……………………………… ……………… ……………… ……………… ……………… The Last Egg (2016) ……………………………… ……………………………… ……………… ……………… ……………… ……………… Yellow Flowers On The Green Grass (2015) ……………………………… ……………………………… ……………… ……………… ……………… ……………… Sweet 20 (2015) ……………………………… ……………………………… ……………… ……………… ……………… ……………… Vengeful Heart (2014) ……………………………… ……………………………… ……………… ……………… ……………… ……………… Hollow (2014) ……………………………… ……………………………… ……………… ……………… ……………… ……………… ……………………………… ……………………………… ……………… ……………… ……………… ……………… How to Fight in Six Inch Heels (2013) Vocative function: With each question, please tick (✔) the box that best indicates your opinion: On a scale of to 5, how would you rate your curiosity and interest in watching the film if you only know its title? 66 Title Your rate Jailbait (2017) Uninterested ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ Father and Son (2017) Uninterested ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ Island of Aliens (2017) Uninterested ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ Tam Cam: The Untold Story (2016) Uninterested ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ Uninterested ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ Yellow Flowers On The Green Grass (2015) Sweet 20 (2015) Uninterested ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ Uninterested ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ Vengeful Heart (2014) Uninterested ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ Hollow (2014) Uninterested ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ The Last Egg (2016) Very interested Very interested Very interested Very interested Very interested Very interested Very interested Very interested Very interested How to Fight in Six Inch Heels (2013) Uninterested ☐ ☐ 67 ☐ ☐ ☐ Very interested Aesthetic function: With each question, please tick (✔) the box that best indicates your opinion: On a scale of to 5, how would you rate the aesthetic of each title’s language (vivid images, musical/beautiful words, rhetorical device, word play, creative meaning,…)? Title Jailbait (2017) Father and Son (2017) Island of Aliens (2017) Tam Cam: The Untold Story (2016) The Last Egg (2016) Yellow Flowers On The Green Grass Your rate Nothing special Nothing special Nothing special Nothing special Nothing special Nothing special Your comment (If possible, please explain your choice) ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ 68 ……………… Very ……………… impressive ……………… Very ……………… impressive ……………… Very ……………… impressive ……………… Very ……………… impressive ……………… Very ……………… impressive ……………… Very ……………… impressive (2015) Sweet 20 (2015) Vengeful Heart (2014) Hollow (2014) How to Fight in Six Inch Heels (2013) Nothing special Nothing special Nothing special Nothing special ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ THE END ……………… Very ……………… impressive ……………… Very ……………… impressive ……………… Very ……………… impressive Thank you so much! 69 Very impressive ……………… ……………… ... title of a science fiction film about alien intrusion on an island on Earth and human’s fight against the aliens Meanwhile, “Father and Son” was the title that had highest rates among ten translated... international market However, although there have been some meager academic attention on movie title translation, most of them are concentrated on the translation from English to Vietnamese, ... replace a written message and/or statement in one language by the same message and/or statement in another language” In this study, translation is viewed as a process of conveying the message and