It began to rain, ……… we quickly left the picnic site.. Give the correct tense or form of the verbs in brackets1[r]
(1)ENGLISH (Unit 6+7) GRAMMAR NOTES
1/ Adverb clauses of reason (as, because, since)
S + V + because/ as/ since + S + V Main clause adv clause of reason Ex: We watch TV all evening as we had nothing better to Since you won’t help me, I must the job myself
2/ Adj + that clause (is often used after some adjectives: pleased, sad, excited,
disappointed, delighted, glad, afraid, sorry, relieved, worried, surprised, amazed, happy, thankful, certain, sure… and in the structure: It’s + adj + that-clause)
Ex: We’re surprised that he failed the exam I’m pleased that you are working hard
It’s important that everybody should feel comfortable 3/ Conditional sentence : type
If clause + Main clause
Verb in present tense + will + bare- infinitive
Ex: If it doesn’t rain, we’ll have a picnic I’ll phone you if I hear the news 4/ Connectives
*and is used to add a similar or another idea (Alice is kind and generous.) *but, however are used to add an opposite idea
I learnt French easily, but I didn’t like my teacher
I learnt French easily However, I didn’t like my teacher *because is used to give a cause (reason)
We stopped playing tennis because it started to rain *so, therefore are used to give an effect
It started to rain, so we stopped playing tennis
(2)5/ Making suggestions: Suggest + V-ing
Suggest (that) + S + should / Suggest + that clause
Ex: I suggest having a party / going to Dam Sen Park I suggest that we should go to Dam Sen Park _Another suggestions:
+I think we should + V-bare +Let’s + V-bare
+Shall we + V-bare …?
+Why don’t you/ we + V-bare …? +Why not + V-bare …?
(3)@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ EXERCISE
I MULTIPLE CHOICE
1……… he had no money for a bus, he had to walk all the way home
(Because of / Therefore / As / Although)
2 Jane: ………? Mary: Sorry I’ve left my watch at home
(May I see your watch / Can you see it clearly / What’s wrong with you / What’s the time, please)
3 I read an interesting ……… in the newspaper about young fashion designer
(article / advertisement / description / complaint)
4 ……… you help me, I won’t finish my work on time ( If / Unless / Since / Though)
5 Polluted air and water can directly harm ……… people’s health (to / about / over / for)
6 I have been working hard on my English ……… it’s not any better (or / and / but / so)
7 We’re looking forward to ……… your letter soon (doing / sending / receiving / asking)
8 A computer can help us to ……… with people all over the world
(respond / transmit / interact / contact)
9 If we ……… trash, it’ll pollute the air (collect / burn / reuse / pump)
10 Plastic bags are very hard to ………, so we shouldn’t use them (advise / check / dissolve / float)
II GIVE THE CORRECT FORM OF THE WORDS IN BRACKETS
(4)2 Global communication was transformed by the
……… of the internet (invent)
3 Air ……… makes our health worse and worse (pollute)
4 With a bit of ………, she could really well (courage)
5 Regular exercise is just as ……… as eating the right type of food (importance)
6 Kate’s ……… kept her away from school for a week (ill)
7 It’s ……… trying to talk with her because she never listens (use)
8 Conversation is one of the most ……… forms of entertainment (enjoy)
9 Don’t use time and money ……… (use)
10 The factory must be ……… as soon as possible (modern)
III Put the words in the correct order to make meaningful sentences .
1 1.built / in / castle / the / was / the / century / 19th
2 sister / but / friendly / is / isn’t / he/ she / very ………
3 economically / should / time / money / use / you / your / and ………
4 won’t / will / you / tomorrow / see / come / she / to / she ………
5 the / takes / shopping / it / on / / hours / her / to / two / internet ………
IV Choose the correct answers to fill in the blanks
Jeans are very (1)……… with young people all over the world Some people say that jeans are the(2) ……… of the youth The
(5)story of jeans started almost 200 years ago People in Genoa, Italy, made pants The cloth made in Genoa was called “jeanos” The pants were called jeans In the 1950s, two people helped make jeans popular with (3) ……… , Elvis Presley,(4) ……… of rock and roll and James Dean, (5) ……… movie star In the 1970s and 1980s, Jeans became very expensive In addition to (6) ……… brands like Levi’s and Lee, famous designers like Calvin Klein and Pierce Cardin began making “designer jeans” Jeans are so popular that Levis has (7) ……… over 20 billion pairs Almost everywhere in the world, you know, (8)
……… young people want to wear: jeans
V REWRITE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES, USING THE GIVEN WORDS
1 They always live in happiness although they are poor Despite
……… “We are going to leave for Hanoi tomorrow.” They said
……… Does your father work in that hospital? Your father
……… ? Let’s decorate our house for Tet I suggest
……… ……
5 When did you start to work here? How long
……… ……?
6 Nobody has used this room for ages This room
……… I’ve never seen such an interested film before This is
……… Although he was tired, he tried to finish his work He was
……… Peter is too short to play volleyball Peter isn’t
……… 10 The children play computer games all the time I wish
……… 11 The film was so interesting that we’ll saw it many times It was such
(6)12 It’s raining heavily but they still go to work They still go to work
………
12 The train journey from HCM city to Nhatrang takes eight hours It’s a
………
13 Your mother has made these cakes, hasn’t she? These cakes
……… 14 Studying Vietnamese isn’t easy I don’t think it
……… 15 The milk is so hot that I can’t drink it The milk is too
……… 16 She is a very good singer She sings
……… ………
17 “Would you like to have lunch with me, Jane?” Jack invited
………
I MULTIPLE CHOICE
1.They put solar ……… on the roofs to collect solar energy (panels / sheets / bars / bulbs)
2 Are wind power ……… solar power new kinds of energy for future use? (and / or / with / but)
3 I suggest replacing an ordinary bulb with an energy-saving bulb ………
(We will / Great idea / I’m afraid not)
4 ……… are used to kill insects and weeds to help crops grow better (Pesticides / Dynamite / Bubbles / Treasures)
5.This movie is based ……… a true story (on / in / at / to)
6.You should get a ……… …… to check cracks in the pipes (plumber / conservationist / collector / mechanic)
7 I’ve passed the final exam ……… (All right, thanks / Congratulations / It’s my pleasure / Not at all.)
(7)9.Polluted water can directly harm ……… people’s health (about / to / for / in)
10.There is a shortage of fresh water ……… people and animals in many areas of Central Vietnam now (for / with / to / of)
II GIVE THE CORRECT FORM OF THE WORDS IN BRACKETS
1 His parents were very ……… since he failed in his exam (disappoint)
2 I find the bike is very ……… to ride (comfort) Solar power is cheap, clean and ……… (effect)
4 ……… says there is a high risk of pollution from the landfill site (conserve)
5 Environmental groups want a total ………on the dumping of nuclear waste (prohibit)
6 I was ……… that he was interested in our plan (amaze)
7 People must learn about keeping the environment ……… (pollute)
8 Many new cars have much lower fuel ……… (consume) ……… is a main cause of big floods (forest)
10 There is no double that there will be a great ……… of food and water for the world population (short)
III Put the words in the correct order to make meaningful sentences
1 me / to / the / open / not / she / windows / asked
……… interested / watching / cartoons / he / TV / in / on / was
……… wish / didn’t / now / we / we / to / work / have
……… if / we / class / asked / they / them / 9B / were / in
……… study / get / if / you / you / good / harder / will / grades
(8)6 long / you / here / lived / how / have?
……… …………
7 me / my / / homework / brother / helped / my
……… us / sea / enjoy / in / going / most / the / summer / of / to
……… wish / but / could / can’t / I / I / I /to / go / party / the
……… 10 happily / she / news / when / she / laughed / heard / good / the ………
VI FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH THE CORRECT WORD.
In many countries nowadays, electricity, gas and water are (1)
……… Companies which produces household goods realize that consumers want products that (2) ……… work effectively and save money
In North America, for example, household lighting (3)
……… for 10% to 15% of the electrical bill, (4)
……… this amount can be reduced by replacing an ordinary 100-watt light bulb with an energy-saving one Consumers can save about US$7 to US$21 per bulb by doing so
In Europe, when you buy some electrical goods (5)
……… as refrigerators, freezers, and washing machines, (6) ……… is a labeling scheme telling you how energy efficient each model is, so you can compare with
(7) ……… appliances and then choose which one to buy The final result is that these innovations will save money as (8)
……… as conserve the earth’s resources
V REWRITE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES, USING THE GIVEN WORDS
1.How about playing badminton today? I suggest
……… Practice speaking English every day and you will speak it well If
………
3 We can’t go to school on time because the bus comes late The bus
……… The last time we met him was in July We have
………
(9)5 They have just bought a new car A new car
……… She is the most beautiful girl in her class No one
……… She is always nervous when she takes an exam Taking an exam
………
8 He didn’t say good bye to anyone when he left the room He left the room
………
9 Study harder or you’ll fail in the final exam If
……… 10 A film interested me more than a play I think
……… 11 They always live in happiness although they are poor Despite
………
12 “We are going to leave for Hanoi tomorrow.” They said
……… 13 Does your father work in that hospital? Your father
……….? 14 Let’s decorate our house for Tet I suggest
……… ……
15 When did you start to work here? How long
……… …?
16 Nobody has used this room for ages This room
……… 17 I’ve never seen such an interesting film before This is
………
I MULTIPLE CHOICE
1 Tim and Jane got married last year,………… ? ( they / did they / won’t they / didn’t they)
(10)3 No one wants to sunbathe here……… the beach is full of trash
( but / however / although / because)
4 The material is used to ……… a dress for her daughter ( make / to make / making / makes)
5 People have ……… the area by disposing waste and rubbish everywhere
(destroyed / achieved / prevented / avoided)
6 It’s time for you ……… for the final exam ( prepare / to prepare / preparing / prepared)
7 Life is not always easy for the country folk ( people / farmers / workers / cattle) It began to rain, ……… we quickly left the picnic site ( but / so / therefore / though)
9 Open the door, ………? ( you / don’t you / will you / won’t you)
10 How much time you spend ……… your homework a day? ( / doing / to / does)
II Give the correct tense or form of the verbs in brackets
1 She is afraid of ……… to school on Saturday (go)
2 It took me days ……… the report (finish)
3 He doesn’t say any words before he
……… (leave)
4 Keep silent! Someone ……… the door (knock)
5 She arrived home while everyone
……… soundly (sleep)
6 She promised she ……… hard to get good marks (study)
(11)9 Would you like ……… dinner with us? (have)
10 When we arrived, she ……… away (go)
III GIVE THE CORRECT FORM OF THE WORDS IN BRACKETS
1 English is ……… (wide) used all over the world Hanoi is famous for its ……… (beauty) spots such as the Sword Lake and the
One Pillar Pagoda
3 He left the company for a ……… (various) of reasons
4 Vietnam is paying attention to the
……… (develop) of tourism
5 The country is rich of ……… (nature) resources
6 He is very ……… (differ) from his twin boy
7 You should listen to him ……… (care)
8 To my ……… (amaze), he finished his work quickly
9 They live in a ……… (health) life by having a balanced diet every day
10 Japan is a
……… (develop) country
IV FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH THE CORRECT WORD.
There are at least 2,000 different languages in the world Of all these languages, English is the most (1) ……… used It is used by business people, pilots and sea captains all over the world It’s also the first language (2) ……… sports and science So it is very (3)
……… to learn English
Chinese is also an important language because it has the (4)
……… number of speakers There are not only over one billion people living in China today, but also many Chinese people (5)
……… outside China Chinese is widely (6)
(12)both Europe and Asia French is widely (7) ……… in Europe and in parts of Canada, Africa and Asia
From more than 2,000 languages, the United Nations has chosen six of them for business (8) ……… are Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish
1 widely freely warmly effectively
2 in at of to
3 important happy great difficult
4 small great minor bit
5 live to live living lived
6 speak speaking spoken to speak
7 written nominated used congratulated
8 These They Those There
VI REWRITE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES, USING THE GIVEN WORDS
1 “Don’t waste time watching this kind of film on TV.” He asked me
………
2 He would rather play golf than tennis He prefers
……… They used to the work by hand The work
……… …
Your sister is very young, so she can’t go to school by herself Your sister is
too ………
Children often like reading picture books Children are
………
The film is so interesting that none of us wants to miss it It’s
……… When did you start to learn English? How long
………? Your house is more beautiful than my house My house is
……… Promise to try harder or I won’t help you If
……… 10.“Are you interested in learning English?” The teacher asked
me………
11.Hoa hasn’t written to her pen pal for five months Hoa last
(13)I MULTIPLE CHOICE
1 Don’t use plastic bags They are very hard to ……… (disappear / go away / dissolve / reduce)
2 We cancelled our picnic ……… it rained heavily (although / since / but / however)
3 I suggest that we should take the rubbish to the ………
(hedge / stream / garbage dump / beach)
4 Follow your doctor’s advice ……… you will have good results (and / if / unless / or)
5 This newspaper is ……… every day It’s a daily newspaper
(published / protected / disappointed / industrialized)
6 The accident happened because of driving ……… (careful / carefully / careless / carelessly)
7 Jane: You don’t like playing volleyball, you? Peter: ………
(Yes, I don’t like / No, I don’t like / No, not at all / Yes, I think so.) There are some cracks in the pipes Why don’t you call a
……… to replace the pipes? (mechanic / plumber / electrician / authority)
9 We should ……… ordinary bulbs with energy –saving bulbs (change / select / replace / consume)
10 It was raining; ………, the soccer game was going on (but / however / and / therefore)
II GIVE THE CORRECT FORM OF THE WORDS IN BRACKETS
1 She was looking forward to the foreign trip
……… (enormous)
2 Air ……… is one of the most serious problems in big cities (pollute)
3 It is a difficult and time ……… process (consume)
(14)5 Don’t believe in what he said He isn’t
……… (rely)
6.The ……… of the magazines has declined since last year (popular)
7 It would be more ……… to turn off the lights at nights (economy)
8 Many household
……… are expensive (apply)
9 I’m sure that the system works
……… (effect) 10 The label identifies the products that are least
……… to the environment (harm)
III Put the words in the correct order to make meaningful sentences
1 wish / be / I / sunny / would / tomorrow
……… ………
2 waste / surfing / shouldn’t / time / your / you / web / frequently / the ………
3 quickly / or / bus / will / run / you / the / miss / first
……… time / seen / film / I / is / the / the / it / have / first
……… …
5 that / should / early / you / I / suggest / up / get
……… ………
IV Choose the correct answers to fill in the blanks
Do you run the faucet while you brush your teeth? Do you know that you are
(1) ……… the water? (2) ……… you turn on the faucet, think about how you’d feel if you had to carry that water (3)
(15)to recycle all the aluminum and steel cans Look for the triangle at the bottom of plastic containers (7) ……… you see the numbers or in the triangle, this means, the plastic items can be (8)………
1 wasting saving keeping using
2 Whatever Whoever Whenever However
3 to from about on
4 but so as or
5 harmful wasteful peaceful useful
6 Always Sometimes Never Ever
7 If Because Unless Why
8 reduced recycled reacted replied
V REWRITE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES, USING THE GIVEN WORDS
1 No other players of the school team can play better than Peter Peter is
………
2 I was given some information about the local gym They
……… Work harder or you will be fined If
……… ………
4 The suitcase was too heavy for Mary to carry The suitcase was so
……… Let’s go out for dinner I suggest that
……… ………
6 Will you please open the door? Open
……… ………?
7 I’ve never seen such an interesting film before This is
……… John has played the piano for 15 years John started
……… It took me half an hour to get there I spent
(16)10 He caused a serious accident because he was careless Because of
………
11 The film was so interesting that we’ll saw it many times It was such
………
12 It’s raining heavily but they still go to work They still go to work
………
13 “Would you like to have some coffee, Nam?” Ba invited Nam
……… 14 “I’ll be very busy tomorrow.” Linda said
……… ………
15 They’re very good teacher of Math They teach
……… 16 Nobody can these exercises These exercises
……… 17 He has just bought a new house A new house
……… 18 It’s the most interesting film that I have never seen I have
………
I MULTIPLE CHOICE
1 They are trying to ……… the target of reducing air pollution (achieve / finish / save / prevent)
2 Would you like to look at the photos that I ……… last week? (did / made / got / took)
3 You won’t be punished ……… you keep on making noise (if / unless / because / although)
4 He’s better ……… math than his brother (on / in / at / to) Daisy: “I’m sorry about the noise.” Mary:
……… ………
(That’s right / You’re welcome / It’s OK / It’s not bad.)
(17)7 Tom looks sad Do you know what happened ……… him? (with / about / to / for)
8 Gas, water and electricity are ……… in our daily life
(luxuries / necessities / appliances / equipment)
9 We should use public buses ……… of motorbikes or cars (because / instead / despite / in spite)
10.We’ll have to pay a very expensive cost
……… we protect the environment (if / and / unless / though)
II GIVE THE CORRECT FORM OF THE WORDS IN BRACKETS
1 They performed quite ……… to the audience (impress)
2 A ……… is a person who installs and repairs things such as water pipes (plumbing)
3 The high cost of heating and ……… prevents us from wasting electricity (light)
4 To keep our environment ………, we shouldn’t drop litter in public (pollute)
5 The house is small and rather simple but Ann has decorated it ……… (beauty)
6 I’m pleased that you have solved the problem ………(effect) Mr Hung has a big ……… of stamps (collect)
8 He lost the game because of his ……… (care)
9 Because of ………, our lifestyle has changed greatly (industry)
10 He’s quite an ……… person He plays a lot of sports every day (energy)
(18)1 we/ before / on / food / the / the / stove / carefully / should / I / suggest / prepare / we / turn
……… ………
2 punished / of / the / laziness / was / his / because / boy ………
3 hungry / haven’t / day / I / since / am / very / I / all / now / eaten ………
4 villagers / that / will / lake / the / the / worried / polluted / are / chemicals / these
……… ……… …
5 use / bag / as / hard / dissolve / plastic / don’t / are / to / they / very ………
VI FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH THE CORRECT WORD.
Fossil fuels are fuels from fossils The three most important fossil fuels are coal, petroleum and (1) ……… gas They contain hydrocarbon, or things (2) ……… have only hydrogen and carbon in them Fossil fuels can be used to make electricity in a power plant They are burn to heat water (3) ……… steam, which can push a fan-like object called a turbine
(4) ……… the turbine spins around, magnets in it make electricity People also burn coal to heat their homes, but they don’t it as much as they used to (5) ……… it produces too much pollution In many homes, people (6) ……… natural gas in stoves to cook food It may
(7) ……… be used for heating the houses Fossil fuels produce a lot of pollution when burned Also, they are (8) ……… resources, so they can run out
(19)1 It took me two hours a day to surf the internet I wasted
……… Nam got good marks, so he was very happy Because of
……… Did somebody want a hot drink? Somebody wanted
………? He expected us to give him a job He expected
……… …
5 Let’s decorate the room for Christmas I suggest
……… “Don’t touch that wire, Mary.” I asked I asked
……… No one can it better than Jack There isn’t
……… …
8 It’s time you left here It’s time for
……… ………
9 The test was so difficult that we couldn’t it The test wasn’t
……… 10 I don’t know how to design a website I wish
……… 11 If we use solar energy, we can save natural environment By
……… 12 Is it all right if I borrow you some money? Do you mind
………? 13 Although he was rich, he never helped the poor Despite
(20)14 It’s two years since we last met him We have
……… 15 That man was a careless driver That man drove
……… 16 John had too much money to know how much John had
……… 17 I suggest telling him the truth Why don’t we
………? 18 Did he buy a lot of souvenirs for his friends? He bought
………?
19 She didn’t say hello to anyone when she came in the room She came
………
20 She didn’t eat much although she was hungry In spite of
………
I MULTIPLE CHOICE
1 When will you fix the ……… for me? It’s dripping again (shoes / faucet / bulb / roof)
2 I’ll lend you some money ……… you must give it back when I need
(as long as / as soon as / as far as / as much as)
3 Many people complained ……… the air pollution (of / for / from / about)
4 ……….… from factories is one of the causes of water pollution (Waste / Treasure / Shade / Foam)
5 Scientists have ……… many experiments about air and water pollution
(conducted / made / attracted / treated) She failed her driving test for the first time and
………, she took it again (because / therefore / however / though)
7 A lot of sea creatures will be well ……… if we stop using dynamite for fishing
(prohibited / preserved/ varied / destroyed )
(21)(reminded / behaved / recognized / preserved) Ann: “Happy New Year, Hoa.” Hoa: “
………”
(OK Thanks a lot / Happy New Year / I’m happy, too / I’m glad to hear that.) 10 Hung: “ Are you ready to go?” Minh: “
………”
(Great! Let’s go / No, I’m OK / Sure My car is outside / We are going out for dinner.)
II GIVE THE CORRECT FORM OF THE WORDS IN BRACKETS
1 He left the company because of
……… of reasons (vary)
2 If you want to speak English ………, you should practice speaking it every day (fluent)
3 Today, teenagers use the internet as a source of
……… (entertain)
4 Hung is always an ……… student He often takes part in many social activities (act)
5 Everyone loves her because of her good
……… (behave) Any bright light at night is always an
……… to mosquitoes (attract)
7 They ……… left the picnic site because they were afraid of being late for the last bus (hurry)
8 Uncle Ho has been greatly respected because of his
……… (simple) Mrs Minh Hanh is considered one of the most famous fashion ……… (design)
10 It’s ……… trying to talk to her because she never listens (use)
III Put the words in the correct order to make meaningful sentences .
1.car / bought / you / you / yesterday / didn’t / a / new ?
……… time / spend / surfing / you / much / / how / web / day / the / a ?
……… Vietnamese / his / John / as / speaks / mother tongue
(22)5 used / when / young / they / they / in / to / were / this / live / house ………
IV Choose the underlined parts that need correcting
1.She arrived at Washington at three o’clock in the afternoon He sat down and composes a letter of resignation
3.When he lived in the countryside, he often goes fishing with his friends 4.All the flights had to be canceled because of the storm was coming If you won’t finish the report tomorrow morning, don’t go to work Nam didn’t hear from his friends since they graduated from university What I told you yesterday were not the best treatment for her disease He asked us to stay in class and don’t make so much noise
9 There are some exchange students live in the dormitory on campus 10 Mary is exciting that her friends will come to her birthday party
V Choose the correct answers to fill in the blanks
Petroleum is also called crude oil Petroleum is a thick and black liquid It (1) ……… mainly of hydrocarbons It is mainly (2)
……… in the Middle East, United States, South America and Russia It is the (3) ……… important world energy source It (4) ……… 38% of the world energy at present
Petroleum can be separated (5) ……… less complex but more useful (6) ………
by fractional distillation The (7) ……… is called oil refining
Petroleum resource is (8) ……… and non-renewable Most of it would (9) ……… out within 70 years Burning petroleum gives out carbon dioxide Carbon dioxide can (10) ……… global warming and air pollution
1 combines agrees focuses consists
2 picked found pulled thrown
3 much more most best
4 supplies lends preserves depends
5 with into for after
6 ingredients mixtures attraction behavior
7 confidence difference change
process
8 limited shortened forbidden weakened
9 sell run use consume
(23)VI REWRITE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES, USING THE GIVEN WORDS
1 The show was interesting to the boy The boy felt
………
2 I was caught in a traffic jam, so I got to the meeting late Because of
………
3 Is it all right if you take care of the children? Do you mind
………?
4 She felt tired, so she went to bed early She went to
……… To use solar energy for a number of days is possible It’s
………
6 If we use solar energy, we can save natural environment By
………
7 Driving on the left was a new and difficult experience I wasn’t
………
8 Jane painted a picture and it was being shown in an exhibition A picture
………
9 An couldn’t go to the university because of her financial difficulties
Because An
……… ………