English compound nouns in the novel “jane eyre” by charlotte bronte with reference to their vietnamese equivalents

2018 - 2020 MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HANOI OPEN UNIVERSITY ENGLISH LANGUAGE M.A THESIS ENGLISH COMPOUND NOUNS IN THE NOVEL “JANE EYRE” BY CHARLOTTE BRONTE WITH REFERENCE TO THEIR VIETNAMESE EQUIVALENTS (DANH TỪ GHÉP TIẾNG ANH TRONG TIỂU THUYẾT ―JANE EYRE‖ CỦA TÁC GIẢ CHARLOTTE BRONTE LIÊN HỆ TƢƠNG ĐƢƠNG TRONG TIẾNG VIỆT) Learner: ĐỒNG THỊ MAI Field: English Language ĐỒNG THI MAI Code: 8.22.02.01 Hanoi, 2020 MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HANOI OPEN UNIVERSITY M.A THESIS ENGLISH COMPOUND NOUNS IN THE NOVEL “JANE EYRE” BY CHARLOTTE BRONTE WITH REFERENCE TO THEIR VIETNAMESE EQUIVALENTS (DANH TỪ GHÉP TIẾNG ANH TRONG TIỂU THUYẾT ―JANE EYRE‖ CỦA TÁC GIẢ CHARLOTTE BRONTE LIÊN HỆ TƢƠNG ĐƢƠNG TRONG TIẾNG VIỆT) Learner: ĐỒNG THỊ MAI Field: English Language Code: 8.22.02.01 Supervisor: Dr Nguyễn Thị Vân Đông Hanoi, 2020 CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY I, the undersigned, hereby certify my authority of the study project report entitled English compound nouns in the novel “Jane Eyre” by Charlotte Bronte with reference to their Vietnamese equivalents (Danh từ ghép tiếng Anh tiểu thuyết “Jane Eyre” tác giả Charlotte Bronte liên hệ tương đương tiếng Việt) submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master in English Language Except where the reference is indicated, no other person‘s work has been used without due acknowledgement in the text of the thesis Hanoi, 2020 Đồng Thị Mai Approved by SUPERVISOR Dr Nguyễn Thị Vân Đông Date:…………………… I ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This thesis could not have been completed without the help and support from a number of people First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to Dr Nguyen Thi Van Dong, my supervisor, who has patiently and constantly supported me through the stages of the study, and whose stimulating ideas, expertise, and suggestions have inspired me greatly through my growth as an academic researcher A special word of thanks goes to all the lectures of the Master course at Hanoi Open University and many others, without whose support and encouragement it would never have been possible for me to have this thesis accomplished Last but not least, I would like to express my gratitude to my family members and friends who supported me and contributed to the completion of my study Finally, my sincere thanks are due to all of you who will give me some comments after reading the thesis To all mentioned and to many more, my heart extends the warmest thanks II TABLE OF CONTENTS Certificate of originality I Acknowledgements II Table of contents Abstract List of tables III VII VIII List of abbreviations CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Rationale IX 1.2 Aims and objectives of the study 1.3 Research questions 1.4 Methods of the study 1.5 Scope of the study 1.6 Significance of the study 1.7 Structure of the study 4 CHERTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Review of previous studies 2.1.1 Previous studies overseas 2.1.2 Previous studies in Vietnam 7 2.2 Review of theoretical background 2.2.1 Noun in English 2.2.1.1.Definition 2.2.1.2.Classification 2.2.1.3 Grammatical functions 2.3 An overview of English compounding 2.4 An overview of English compound nouns 2.4.1 Definitions 2.4.2 Characteristics of English compound nouns 2.4.3 Types of English compound nouns 2.4.4 Classification of English compound nouns 8 13 14 17 17 18 20 25 2.4.4.1 According to the meaning 2.4.4.2 Classification according to the componential relationship 2.4.4.3 According to the compositional types 2.4.5 The functions of compound nouns 25 27 30 31 III 2.5 An overview of Vietnamese compound nouns 31 2.5.1 General characteristics of Vietnamese compound nouns 32 2.5.2 The classification of Vietnamese compound nouns 33 2.5.2.1 Coordinative compound nouns 2.5.2.2 Subordinative compound nouns Summary 34 34 35 CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY 36 3.1 Research-governing orientation 36 3.1.1 Research questions 36 3.1.2 Research setting 36 3.1.3 Research approaches 37 3.1.4 Data-related issues 37 3.1.4.1 Research participants 37 3.1.4.2 Data collection 3.2 Major methods and supporting methods 38 38 3.2.1 Major methods 3.2.2 Supporting methods 3.3 Data collection and data analysis techniques 3.3.1 Data collection techniques 3.3.2 Data analysis techniques 3.4 Summary 38 39 39 39 40 40 CHAPTER 4: COMPOUND NOUNS IN THE NOVEL “JANE EYRE” WITH REFERENCE TO THEIR VIETNAMESE EQUIVALENTS 4.1 General view of compound nouns in the novel ―Jane Eyre‖ 4.1.1.Characteristics of compound nouns 4.1.1.1.Structures of compound nouns 4.1.1.2 Solid or Closed forms 4.1.1.3.Open or Spaced forms 4.1.1.4 Hyphenated forms 4.1.2 Types of English compound nouns: 4.1.2.1 Adjective + noun 43 IV 42 43 43 43 44 45 45 45 4.1.2.2 Noun + verb 45 4.1.2.3 Noun + adverb 46 4.1.2.4 Verb + noun 46 4.1.2.5 Verb+ adverb 4.1.2.6 Noun + noun 4.1.2.7 Adjective +verb 46 46 47 4.1.2.8 Adverb + noun 4.1.2.9 Adverb + verb 4.1.2.10 Verb + verb 48 48 48 4.1.3 Compositional types of compound nouns 48 4.1.3.1 Compound nouns formed by juxtaposition 48 4.1.3.2 Compound nouns formed by morphological meaning 4.1.3.3 Compound nouns formed by syntactical meaning 4.1.3.4 Compound nouns formed by both morphological and syntactical means 4.1.3.5 Compound nouns formed by prepositional adverb 49 49 50 4.1.4 Classification according to the componential relationship 4.1.4.1 Coordinative compound nouns 4.1.4.2 Subordinative compound nouns 50 50 50 50 4.1.5 Classification according to the meaning 51 4.1.5.1 Non-idiomatic compound nouns 4.1.5.2 Idiomatic compound nouns 4.1.6 Functions of compound nouns 4.2 Equivalence case in English compound nouns and Vietnamese compound nouns 4.2.1 Noun + Noun 51 51 51 53 4.2.2 Adjective + Noun 4.2.3 Noun + Verb and Verb + Noun 4.3 Non-equivalences in English compound nouns and 54 54 56 Vietnamese compound nouns 4.4 Some difficulties using English 4.4.1 Difficulties in distinguishing compound nouns and noun phrases and free group words 4.4.2 Confusion in forming plural and possessive English V 53 59 59 61 compound nouns 4.4.3 Confusion in translating compound nouns from English into 63 Vietnamese 4.5 Some suggested solutions 4.5.1 Phonological criterion 4.5.2 Inseparability criterion 64 64 64 4.5.3 Semantic criterion 4.5.4 Graphic criterion 4.6 Summary 65 65 65 CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION 5.1 Recapitulation 67 5.2 Concluding remarks 67 5.3 Limitation of the research 68 5.4 Suggestions for further studying 68 5.4.1 Suggestions for Language Teaching 68 5.4.2 Suggestions on Language Learning 69 5.4.3 Recommendations/Suggestions for further research 69 67 REFERENCES…………………………………………………………… APPENDICES……………………………………………………………… VI ABSTRACT The study aims at helping Vietnamese teachers and learners of English identify functional and structural features of compound nouns and pointing out the expressions of compound nouns in the novel "Jane Eyre" and their equivalents in Vietnamese translated version as well as providing them some suggestions for improving the teaching-learning process of English compound nouns To achieve this end, descriptive method is used to give the deep and detail description of functional and structural features of English compound nouns reference with Vietnamese equivalents Basing on the qualitative and quantitative approaches, the study has pointing out the various features of English compound nouns with reference to Vietnamese from examples extracted from the novel "Jane Eyre" Furthermore, basing the result of survey, the author has pointed out the difficulties in learning English compound nouns at high school, so the study will provide a comprehensive and overall knowledge about functional and structural features of compound nouns in English For the students, they can learn more about morphology, especially the formation of compound nouns Besides, they will get new knowledge about types of compound nouns which appear in the novel "Jane Eyre" This thesis has focused only on studying the English compound nouns in the novel ―Jane Eyre‖ by Charlotte Bronte with reference to their Vietnamese equivalents Therefore, there are still some aspects related to this problem left for further researchers VII LIST OF TABLES Table 3.1: Gender of the research participants Table 4.1: The learners‘ acquisition levels on distinguishing compound nouns and noun phrases Table 4.2: The learners‘ acquisition levels on plural features Table 4.3: The learners‘ acquisition levels on the semantic features Graph 4.1: Type of compound nouns Graph 4.2: Type of compound nouns Graph 4.3: Function of compound nouns VIII 34 Đoàn Thi Chi (2009) studied on English compound nouns and Vietnamese equivalence 35 Hồ Ngọc Phƣơng Trâm (2010) researched on ―Compound nouns in Vietnamese focused on the descriptions of English compound nouns in the comparison to Vietnamese equivalents 36 Nguyễn Thi Phƣơng (2016) researched on syntactic and semantic features of ECNs with reference to their Vietnamese equivalents Websites http://grammar.about.com/od/mo/g/nounterm.htm http://learnenglish.de/grammar/nounabstract.htm http://wordnetweb.priceton.edu/perl/webwn http://writingcentre.uottawa.ca/hypergrammar/nouns.html http://yourdictionary.com/grammar-rules/Abstract-Nouns.html APPENDIX Dear participants, This is a kind of survey to check your proficiency of compound nouns in terms of structural and semantic features Please complete the following tasks in accordance with each instruction The result will be very useful to find out the good solution for improving English teaching at high school Thanks for your cooperation WRITTEN GRAMMAR TEST (Time allocated: 90 minutes) Task 1: Identify compound nouns and noun phrases in the following sentences 1.―Blind as he was, smiles played over his face, joy dawned on his forehead:his lineaments softened and warmed‖ 2.―The hall was not dark, only by the high-hung bronze lamp: a warm glow suffused both it and the oak staircase‖ 3.―Diana announced that she would just give me time to get over the honeymoon, and then she would come and see me.‖ 4.―This reproach of my dependence had become a vague sing-song in my ear; very painful and crushing, but only half intelligible "Charity carried the friendless thing to the house of its rich, maternal relations; it was reared by aunts-in-law, you start, did you hear a noise?" Task 2: Make some compound nouns from these words and then change them into plural Drawing (master, room, board, pen ) 2.Moon ( honey, beam, light, rising) Work (patch, house, school, book) Table (toilet, glass, knife, water) Man (horse, coach, box, made) …………………………………………………………………………………… Task : What we call these things and people? Problems concerning health are health problems A magazine about science is ………………… Tea made with milk is ………………………… A car that runs in races is …………………… The results of your test are your …………… The carpet in the living room is ……………… A lesson that lasts two hours is ……………… An exercise that has three parts is …………… Task 4: Answer the questions using two of the following words each time: accident belt card credit editor forecast newspaper number road room seat shop weather window This can be caused by bad driving a road accident If you‘re having a meeting, you need to remember this =>your …… You should wear this when you‘re in a plane => a ……… You can often use this to pay instead of using cash => a ……… when you want to know whether it rains or not => the …… This person is a top journalist => a ……… You just look at those clothes without buying => a ……… Task 5: Translate these compound nouns into Vietnamese No English compound nouns Idiom Red - room Honey-moon Plague-house Workhouse Human being Vietnamese meaning Check-out Washstand Nightmare Will-o‘-the-wisp 10 Look-out 11 Churchyard 12 Indian-rubber ball 13 Messenger-pigeon 14 Moonlight 15 Causeway 16 Kinsfolk 17 Patchwork 18 Storeroom 19 Fellow-feeling 20 Dreamland 21 Handiwork 22 Secondhand 23 Poorhouse 24 Toilet table Non-idiom 24 Dinning room 26 School rule 27 Upstairs 28 breakfast room 29 Kidnappers 30 Dressmaker 31 Sunrise 32 Bed-head 25 Drawing room 26 Bridegroom 27 Tea tray 28 School room 29 Schoolgirl 30 Tea cake 31 Billiard room 32 Coachman 33 Rising moon 34 Tea pot 35 Eyebrow 36 Resting -place 37 Sunset Task 6: Translate these Vietnamese words into English No Vietnamese words Ban ngày Gốc Cây Ghế bành Bàn trang điểm Buồng treo quần áo Mũ rơm Kho dự trữ Đồng hồ lớn/ nhỏ Ánh trăng 10 Cạnh lò sƣởi 11 Ngƣời cƣỡi ngựa 12 Mực vẽ 13 Cầu thang 14 Nửa đêm 15 Cây táo 16 Mục sƣ 17 Ngƣời lái xe 18 Phù dâu 19 Nấm mộ 20 Vầng trán 21 Giá sách 22 Đèn dầu English words 23 Bƣu điện 24 Thói quen học tập 25 Nhà tù 26 Phịng bệnh 27 Trăng lên 28 Tầng dƣới APPENDIX MAIN PATTERNS OF COMPOUND NOUNS IN THE NOVEL Noun + noun compound nouns Arm chair Apple tree Ghế bành Cây táo Bridesmaid Bookcase Bedside phù dâu Giá sách Bên giƣờng Bellman Ngƣời gác chuông Bedclothes Quần áo ngủ Bedroom Bedtime 10 Bookshelf 11 Bakerstone 12 Breakfast-room bell 13 Bed-foot Phòng ngủ Giờ ngủ Giá sách Vỉ nƣớng bánh Chuông báo điểm tâm Chân giƣờng 14 Beeswax 15 Breakfast- time 16 Cataract- like Sáp ong Giờ điểm tâm Mƣa nhƣ trút 17 Conscience –keeper 18 Cherry trees 19 Candlestick 20 Car door 21 Camel –hair pencil 22 Candlelight 23 Christmas cake 24 Cardboard 25 Cupboard Quản gia nhân hậu Cây chery Giá đỡ nến Cửa xe Bút lông dùng để vẽ Ánh sáng đèn nến Bánh giáng sinh Tấm bìa cứng Tủ đựng bát đĩa 26 Cross –examination 27 City – night 28 Cottage door 29 Churchyard 30 Chestnut tree Sự chất vấn Phố đêm Cửa vào nhà tranh Nghĩa trang thánh đƣờng Cây hạt rẻ 31 Coachman Nhà xe 32 Clergyman 33 Church – militant 34 Dinner plate Mục sƣ Giáo hội Đĩa ăn tối 35 Daydream 36 Daylight Mơ màng Ban ngày 37 Dew – bead 38 Door room 39 Door bell Hạt sƣơng Cửa phịng Chng cửa 40 Dressing table Bàn trang điểm 41 Dressmaker Thợ may áo nữ 42 Eyebrow 43 East Indiaman 44 Firelight 45 French book 46 Footman 47 Footstool Lông mày Chuyến tàu Đông Ấn Ánh sáng lò sƣởi Sách Pháp văn Anh hầu Ghế để chân 48 Fellow teacher 49 Fortune – teller 50 Groomsman Giáo viên đồng nghiệp Thầy bói Phù rể 51 Grandfather 52 Grandmother 53 Grandparents 54 Garden- coat 55 Garden bed 56 Glassplot 57 German grammar 58 Groundwork 59 Glass door Ông (nội, ngoại) Bà (nội, ngoại) Ông bà Áo choàng mặc dạo vƣờn Luống đất Thảm cỏ Sách ngữ pháp tiếng Đức Nền tảng Cửa kính 60 Hearthstone 61 Highwayman 62 Headdress 63 Headstone 64 Handmaid Đá lát lò sƣởi Kẻ cƣớp đƣờng Cái mũ Ngƣời trụ cột Ngƣời hầu gái 65 Headstream Đầu nguồn 66 Honeymoon 67 Housekeeping 68 Horseman Tuần trăng mật Công việc quản gia Kị sĩ 69 Housekeepper 70 Indian- rubber ball Quản gia Quả bóng cao su Ấn Độ 71 Indian school 72 Indian sun 73 Kitchen tool Trƣờng học dành cho ngƣời Ấn Mặt trời xứ Ấn độ Dụng cụ nhà bếp 74 Kitchen hand Ngƣời giúp việc 75 Kitchen garden Vƣờn rau 76 Lesson book 77 Lifetime 78 Left arm 79 Master singer 80 Manor house 81 Messenger – pigeon Sách giáo khoa Cả đời Cánh tay trái Ca sĩ bậc thầy Quản gia Bồ câu đƣa tin 82 Namesake 83 Needle maker 84 Nightdress Cùng tên Thợ kim may Váy ngủ 85 Nightmare 86 Necklace 87 Newspaper 88 Neck- handkerchief 89 Oil lamp 90 Patchwork 91 Post office 92 Prison – ground 93 Picture book 94 Plague- house Ác mộng Vòng cổ Tờ báo Khan quàng cổ Đèn dầu Tác phẩm chắp vá Bƣu điện Nhà tù Chuyên tranh Bệnh dịch hạch 95 Penknife 96 Pocket comb 97 Rosewood 98 Staircase Dao gọt bút chì Lƣợc bỏ túi Rừng hoa hồng Cầu thang 99 Straw bonnet Mũ rơm 100 Storeroom 101 School habit 102 Suitcase Nhà kho Thói quen học đƣờng Va li 103 School discipline 104 Shoemaker Nội quy trƣờng học Thợ đóng dày 105 School duty 106 Seedcake 107 Seed – field Nội quy trƣờng học Bánh có hạt thơm Cánh đồng gieo hạt 108 Schoolmistress Cô hiệu trƣởng 109 Schoolmaster Thầy hiểu trƣởng 110 Schoolgirl 111 Shower- bath Nữ học sinh Vòi tắm 112 Stepmother 113 Snowdrift 114 Tradesman 115 Tea pot 116 Tea tray 117 Twelvemonth 118 Teatime Mẹ kế Đống tuyết Thƣơng gia Bình trà Khay để trà Một năm Giờ uống trà 119 Tiptoe Đầu ngón chân 120 Tree root 121 Toilet table Gốc Bàn phấn , bàn trang điểm 122 Tower –top 123 Village school 124 Water jug 125 Watercolor 126 Walnut- wood table 127 Weekday 128 Workhouse Đỉnh tháp Trƣờng làng Bình đựng nƣớc Bức tranh thủy mặc Bàn gỗ óc chó Thƣờng ngày Nhà tế bần 129 Wild wood 130 Window seat 131 Waistcoat 132 Waistcoat pocket Cánh rừng Chỗ ngồi bên cửa sổ Áo ghi lê Túi áo ghi lê Adjective + noun compounds 133 Blackhead 134 Black dress 135 Blacksmith Tóc đen Áo tang Thợ rèn 136 Covered bowl 137 Easy – chair Loại bát có nắp Ghế sơfa 138 Full moon 139 Gentleman 140 Goodmorning Trăng rằm Quý ông Chào buổi sáng 141 Goodwill Sự thiện chí 142 Goognight Chúc ngủ ngon 143 High- low 144 Longhaul 145 Lonely field 146 Longlife 147 Mad cat 148 Madwoman Một kiểu chơi poke Đƣờng dài Cánh đồng hoang Tuổi thọ Mèo hoang Ngƣời phụ nữ điên 149 Midnight 150 Nobleman 151 Poorhouse Nửa đêm Ngƣời đàn ơng đáng kính Nhà tế bần 152 Poor box 153 Private bathroom 154 Red – room 155 Rich house 156 Relish plate 157 Sickroom 158 Second girl 159 Second school Hộp đựng bố thí Phòng tắm riêng Phòng nhốt phạt ngƣời mắc lỗi Gia đình quyền q Đĩa tẩm gia vị Phịng bệnh nhân Cơ gái xuất thân gia đình nghèo Trƣờng dành cho hạng tế bần Verb + noun compounds 160 Bording school 161 Burning glasses 162 Causeway 163 Dinning room 164 Drawing mistress Trƣờng nội trú Kính dâm Đƣờng đắp cao Phòng ăn Ngƣời mẫu vẽ 165 Drawing material Dụng cụ vẽ 166 Drawing – master 167 Drawing room 168 Dressing table Thầy dạy vẽ Phòng học vẽ Bàn trang điểm 169 Dressing gown 170 Dressing -case Áo choàng phụ nữ Hộp đựng đồ may vá 171 Dressing room 172 Dreamland 173 Flashlight 174 Keepsake Phòng thay đồ Miền đất hứa Tia chớp Trùng tên 175 Knitting basket 176 Living room Giỏ đựng đồ đan Phòng khách 177 Looking glass Gƣơng soi 178 Rising moon 179 Resting – place 180 Rush light 181 Running water 182 Sitting posture Trăng lên Nơi nghỉ ngơi Tia sáng Nƣớc máy Tƣ ngồi 183 Singsong 184 Sitting room Bài ca Phòng chờ 185 Sickening sense 186 Waiting – woman 187 Working – people Sự mệt mỏi Cô hầu bàn Ngƣời dân lao động Other + Nouns/ adverb + Noun 188 Afternoon 189 Brother – in – law 190 Breakfast 191 Coarsely - clad 192 Downstair 193 Mother – in – law Buổi chiều An hem rể Bữa sáng Vải thô Tầng dƣới Mẹ vợ, chồng 194 Outside 195 Outline 196 Upstair Bên Bản thảo Tầng Noun + verb 197 Candle burning Công việc thắp nến 198 Church –going 199 Daydreaming 200 Dressmaking Việc lễ nhà thờ Mơ màng Việc may quần áo 201 Door open 202 Earthquake – shock 203 Fellow- feeling Cửa mở Địa chấn Sự cảm thông 204 Grass grown 205 Housekeeping 206 Horse riding Đám cỏ xanh Việc quản gia Việc cƣỡi ngựa 207 Handwriting Bản viết tay 208 Half- start Sự khởi đầu 209 Handiwork 210 Human being 211 Moonrise 212 Moonwalk 213 Rainfall 214 Rest- seeking 215 Snowdrift Công việc hàng ngày Human being Trăng lên Đi dạo dƣới ánh trăng Thác nƣớc Việc tìm kiếm thản Đống tuyết 216 Self- respect 217 Sunshine Lòng tự trọng Mặt trời mọc Verb + preposition / preposition + verb 218 Look-out 219 Walk-over 220 Outlook Adjective + verb 221 Long-suffering 222 Electric shock 223 Last-born 224 Best-born 225 Fairy – born 226 New-coming Verb-verb 227 Washstand Sự xem xét Chiến thắng dễ dàng Quan điểm Nhịn nhục Cú sốc Hạt mầm cuối Mầm sống Tiên sinh Điều đến Bồn rửa CỘNG HOÀ XÃ HỘI CHỦ NGHĨA VIỆT NAM Độc lâp - Tự - Hạnh phúc XÁC NHẬN LUẬN VĂN ĐÃ CHỈNH SỬA THEO GÓP Ý CỦA HỘI ĐỒNG CHẤM LUẬN VĂN THẠC SĨ STT NỘI DUNG CHỈNH SỬA TRANG Sửa lại nội dung phần Rationale Bổ sung thêm ý phần tóm tắt chƣơng 41 Thay đổi tiêu đề chƣơng 42 Thay đổi tên tiểu mục 4.1.2 46 Bổ sung so sánh tƣơng đƣơng tiếng Việt 53 Bổ sung thêm tài liệu nghiên cứu Tôi xin cam đoan chỉnh sửa theo góp ý hội đồng Hà Nội, ngày 29 tháng năm 2020 HỌC VIÊN (ký ghi rõ họ tên) Đồng Thị Mai GIÁO VIÊN HƯỚNG DẪN (ký ghi rõ họ tên) CHỦ TỊCH HỘI ĐỒNG (ký ghi rõ họ tên) ...MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HANOI OPEN UNIVERSITY M.A THESIS ENGLISH COMPOUND NOUNS IN THE NOVEL “JANE EYRE” BY CHARLOTTE BRONTE WITH REFERENCE TO THEIR VIETNAMESE EQUIVALENTS. .. knowledge about English compound nouns with reference to Vietnamese equivalents by using and translating them properly in the relevant context in their teaching and learning process in their daily... CHAPTER 4: COMPOUND NOUNS IN THE NOVEL “JANE EYRE” WITH REFERENCE TO THEIR VIETNAMESE EQUIVALENTS 4.1 General view of compound nouns in the novel ―Jane Eyre‖ 4.1.1.Characteristics of compound nouns