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Choose one word or phrase marked A, B, C, or D that best complete the preceding sentence.. 1..[r]
(1)CLAUSES OF CAUSES AND EFFECTS 1 Cause and effect with “too”/ “enough”:
a too: Thường với “too” ta có cấu trúc câu sau:
S – be (look/ seem/ get/ become/…) – too adj (for O) – to V S – V – too adv (for O) – to V
e.g He is too short to play football
The car was too expensive for him to buy He drove too fast to stop immediately
He ran too slowly to become the winner of the race b enough: ta có cấu trúc câu sau:
S – be – adj enough (for O) – to V hay S – V – adv enough (for O) – to V e.g She isn’t old enough to drive a car
The exercises were not easy enough for us to them without difficulty He spoke English well enough to be an interpreter
He drove slowly enough to avoid crashing
Lưu ý: “TOO” mang hàm ý phủ định “q…khơng thể’ “ENOUGH” lại có nghĩa “đủ…để”
2 Cause and effect with “so adj/ adv that”:
S – V –so– adj/ adv –thatS – V
e.g The soprano sang so well that she received a standing ovation Terry ran so fast that he broke the previous speed record
(2)The little boy looks so unhappy that we all feel sorry for him
The students had behaved so badly that he was dismissed from the class 3 Cause and effect with “so few/ many – Ns that”:
S – verb –so– few/ many – Ns –that – S – V
e.g The Smiths had so many children that they formed their own baseball team I had so few job offers that it wasn’t difficult to select one
We have so many guests that we have to borrow chairs from our neighbors He had received so few agreements that he couldn’t be appointed
4 Cause and effect with “so much/ little – uncountable N – that”:
S – verb –so – much/ little – uncountable N –that– S – V
e.g He has invested so much money in the project that he cannot abandon it now The grass received so little water that it turned brown in the heat
5 Cause and effect with “such – a(n) – adj – N – that”:
S – verb –such –a(n) – adjective – N –thatS – V e.g It was such a hot day that we decided to stay indoors
It was such an interesting book that he couldn’t put it down 6 Cause and effect with “so – adj – a(n) –N – that”:
e.g It was so hot a day that we decided to stay indoors It was so interesting a book that he couldn’t put it down 7 Cause and effect with “such –adj – Ns/ uncountable N – that”:
(3)e.g She has such exceptional abilities that everyone is jealous of her They are such beautiful pictures that everybody will want one Perry has had such bad luck that he’s decided not to gamble This is such difficult homework that I will never finish it
BÀI TẬP THỰC HÀNH
Exercise 1: Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means the same as the sentence printed before it.
1 The furniture was too old to keep
→ It was . He can't afford to buy the car
→ The car . The play is so popular that the theatre is likely to be full every night
→ Such is . Alice lost all her hope; she decided to stop her business
→ Such was . He is very strong He can lift the box
→ He is . He ate a lot of food He became ill
→ He ate . He bought lots of books He didn't know where to put them
→ He bought . He is a very lazy boy No one likes him
→ He is such . The coffee is too hot I can't drink it
→ The coffee is too _. Her voice is very soft Everyone likes her
→ Her voice is so _. 10 He is so weak He can’t run
(4)→ The tea was so . 12 The weather is so bad that we can’t go out
→ The weather is too _. 13 The film was so boring that we couldn’t go on seeing it
→ It was such _. 14 He was so old that he couldn’t run fast
→ He was such . 15 He spoke so fast that we couldn’t understand him
→ So fast . 16 The fair was so noisy that we couldn’t hear each other
→ The fair was too . 17 You speak so fast that I can’t catch up with your words
→ You are such . 18 It is so early that we can’t go out
→ It is too . 19 The water is too hot for me to drink
→ The water is so _. 20 The restaurant is expensive so we can’t eat in that restaurant
→ The restaurant is so _.
Exercise 2: Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means the same as the sentence printed before it.
1 He studied badly and he couldn’t pass the exam
→ He studied so . 2.He isn’t very intelligent He can it
→ He isn’t _. He has a lot of money He can buy a car
→ He has so . The room is so untidy that it took us one hour to clean it
→ It is _ The man is so fool that no one took any notice of him
(5)→ It is _ The books are so interesting that we have read them many times
→ They are The news was so bad that she burst into tears on hearing it
→ It was _ The food was so hot that it burned my tongue
→ It was _ 10 There is so much rain that we can’t go out
→ It 11 The boy is so fat that every calls him Stuffy
→ He is 12 The milk is so excellent that all the children want some more
→ It is _ 13 The weather was so warm that they had a walk in the garden
→ It was _ 14 There were so many people in the hall that we couldn't see him
→ So many people _ 15 The match was so exciting that all the fans shouted loudly
→ It was _ 16 They drank so much coffee that they couldn't sleep all night
→ So much 17 Alice had so many exercises to that she couldn't go out
→ Alice had such 18 The woman was so poor that she needed everyone's help
→ She was _ 19 The boy is too young to walk to school alone
→ He was so young _ 20 The car was very rusty and they could travel far in that car
→ The car was too _
Exercise 3. Choose one word or phrase marked A, B, C, or D that best complete the preceding sentence.
(6)A behind B at a loss C at all costs D out No child _ the age of sixteen will be admitted to this film
A below B except C before D lacking
3 I have lived near the railway for so long now that I've grown _ to the noise of the trains A familiar B accustomed C aware D unconscious
4 The young soldier _ a dangerous mission across the desert, although he knew that he might be killed
A entered B undertook C agreed D promised From the hotel there is a good _ of the mountains
A view B sight C vision D picture
6 There is a fault at our TV station Please not _ your set
A repair B change C adjust D switch
7 It is usually better not to _ things, in case they are not returned
A offer B lend C borrow D lose
8 She applied for training as a pilot, but they turned her _ because of her poor eyesight
A down B over C up D back
9 I lost too much money betting at the races last time, so you won't _ me to go again
A impress B urge C convince D persuade
10 We've _ of time to catch the train so there's no need to rush
A great deal B enough C very much D plenty 11 _ goes the bus; now we will have to walk!
A Early B There C At once D On time
12 The police have asked that _ who saw the accident should get in touch with them
(7)13 As the streets of our cities become busier, people are turning more and to the _ bicycle A historical B old aged C elderly D old fashioned
14 We'll play tennis and _ we'll have lunch
A then B straight away C so D immediately
15 _ of all of us who are here tonight I would like to thank Mr Jones for his talk A On behalf B On account C In person D Instead
16 He soon received promotion, for his superior realized that he was a man of considerable
A opportunity B ability C possibility D future 17 Take the number bus and get _ at Forest Road
A off B up C down D outside
18 Some people think it is _ to use long and little -known words
A sensitive B clever C intentional D skilled 19 Don't touch the cat, he may _ you
A scratch B kick C tear D scream
20 These old houses are going to be _ soon
A run down B knocked out C pulled down D laid out
Exercise 4. Choose one word or phrase marked A, B, C, or D that best complete the preceding sentence.
1 The explorers walked all the way along the river from its mouth to its _
A cause B well C outlet D source
2 They haven't beaten me yet I still have one or two _ up my sleeve
A defenses B jokes C traps D tricks
(8)A sizes B loads C measures D masses The Chairman was so angry with the committee that he decided to _ from it
A postpone B resign C prevent D cancel
5 The boy fell into the river and was _ along the fast current
A swept B thrown C swung D caught
6 There is no _ in going to school if you're not willing to learn
A point B reason C aim D purpose
7 Mr Smith was _ in a road accident
A damaged B injured C wounded D wronged
8 The child was so noisy that his mother told him not to be such a _
A bother B worry C trouble D nuisance
9 I expect it will rain again when we're on holiday this year, but at least we are properly prepared _ it this time
A about B for C at D with
10 I'm sorry, I haven't got _ change Why don't you try the bank?
A lots B any C all D some
11 You _ go to the dentist's before your toothache gets worse
A rather B better C ought D ought to
12 I saw a thief take Norman's wallet so I ran _ him but I didn't catch him
A over B near C after D into
13 The meal was excellent; the pears were particularly _
A flavored B tasteful C delicious D desirable 14 She ranked to make an early _ at the hairdresser
(9)15 The safety committee's report recommended that all medicines should be kept out of the _ of children
A hold B reach C grasp D hand
16 He stood on one leg, _ against the wall, while he took off his shoe
A staying B stopping C leaning D supporting 17 Is it worth waiting for a table at this restaurant or shall we go _ else?
A anywhere B otherwise C everywhere D somewhere
18 Last year the potato harvest was very disappointing, but this year it looks as though we shall have a better _
A crop B amount C product D outcome
19 He opened the letter without _ to read the address on the envelope A fearing B worrying C bothering D caring 20 That's a nice coat, and the color _ your well
A fits B show C matches D suits
Exercise 5. Choose one word or phrase marked A, B, C, or D that best complete the preceding sentence.
1 He put a _ against the tree and climbed up to pick the apples
A grade B scale C ladder D staircase
2 If he drinks any more beer, I don't think he'll be _ to play this afternoon
A possible B skilled C capable D fit
3 There was a big hole in the road which _ the traffic
A sent back B stood back C held up D kept down Is there a bank where I can _ these pounds for dollars?
(10)5 She complained _ when she heard that she had to work on Sunday A terribly B extremely C severely D bitterly I am not sure, but _ I know he has decided to accept the new job in London
A on the whole B according C as long as D as far as Do you know what time the train _ to Birmingham?
A comes B reaches C gets D arrives
8 He was an _ writer because he persuaded many people to see the truth of his ideas A accurate B unlimited C influential D ordinary
9 Workers who not obey the safety regulations will be _ immediately A rejected B refused C dismissed D disapproved 10 As far as I'm _ it's quite all right for you to leave early
A concerned B regarded C bothered D consulted 11 _ from Bill, all the students said they would go
A Except B Only C Separate D Apart
12 The blue curtains began to _ after they had been hanging in the sun
A melt B fade C dissolve D die
13 To our _, Geoffrey's illness proved not to be as serious as we had feared
A relief B anxiety C eyes D judgment
14 It's six years now since the Socialists came to _ in that country
A control B command C power D force
15 He has just taken an examination _ chemistry
A about B in C for D on
16 In spite of her protests, her father _ her train for race three hours a day
(11)17 The shop assistant was _ helpful, but she felt he could have given her more advice
A totally B exactly C entirely D quite
18 I know him by _ but I have no idea what his name is
A myself B chance C heart D sight
19 He enjoyed the dessert so much that he accepted a second _ when it was offered
A helping B sharing C load D pile
20 When the time came to _ the bill at the hotel she found her purse had been stolen
A pay for B pay up C pay out D pay
Exercise 6. Choose one word or phrase marked A, B, C, or D that best complete the preceding sentence.
1 You must _ that your safety belt is fastened
A secure B check C examine D guarantee
2 Learners of English as a foreign language often fail to _ between unfamiliar sounds in that language
A differ B distinguish C solve D separate The old sailing boat was _ without trace during the fierce storm
A lost B crashed C disappeared D vanished He _ a rare disease when he was working in the hospital
A suffered B caught C infected D took
5 Buy the new _ of soap now on sale; it is softer than all others!
A model B brand C manufacture D mark
6 _ you better work than this, you won't pass the exam
A If B Although C When D Unless
(12)A fill in B write down C up D make up
8 He was afraid of losing his suitcase so he tied a _ on it on which he had written his name and address
A notice B mark C badge D label
9 Having looked the place _, the gang went away to make their plans
A over B down C out D through
10 The play was very long, but there were two _
A interruptions B rests C gaps D intervals 11 The traffic lights _ to green, and the cars drove on
A removed B shone C turned D exchanged
12 The junior Minister's remarks on television about the strike _ the Prime Minister so much that he was sacked
A disagreed B disordered C disliked D displeased 13 It's a good idea to see your doctor regularly for _
A a revision B a check - up C an investigation D a control 14 It is a good idea to be _ dressed when you go for an interview
A smartly B boldly C clearly D finely
15 A small _ of students was waiting outside the class to see the teacher
A gang B team C group D crowd
16 When he retired from his job the directors _ him with a clock
A presented B offered C satisfied D pleased
17 The new manager explained to the staff that she hoped to _ new procedures to save time and money
(13)18 The policeman _ me the way
A said B directed C explained D told
19 It's an awful _ your wife couldn't come I was looking forward to meeting her
A shame B harm C shock D sorrow
20 He was in _ of a large number of men