on tap HKI (ly thuyet)

Firt term Revision Aim: To help sts have a summary of main grammatical points in units 1 – 8 of English 8. Unit 1: 1. Adjectives + Enough + to V a, Nam isn't old enough to driver a car b, Hung is tall enough to play voleyball. 2. Present simple tense Eg. a. They usually go to Da Lat for their summer vacation. b. Water boils at 100 o C form: + S + V (S, ES ) + O/C ( to) BE: is, am , are - s + DON’T/ DOESN’T + O ? DO/ DOES + S + V? Use: we use present simple to express habits, a repeated actions or a general truths. + In this tense adverbs of frequency (always, usually, …sometimes, seldom, never ) and adv of time every, now, nowaday, present day are often used. 3. Past simple tense a, We saw him walking in the street yesterday b, They invited me to the conference in Ha noi last month Form : + S + V-ED/ V2 + O To Be : was / were - S + DIDN’T + V + O ? DID + s + V?  Yes, S + did/ No, S + didn’t Use: express a completed action Adverbs of time: yesterday, last month/ summer …, …ago, in 2008 ( now 2010). 4. Asking about appearance and character + What does she look like? We want to know her appearance; tall, short, nice or ugly + What is she like?  We want to know whethershe is kind, friendly, generous…. Unit 2: 1. Adverbs of place. Here there outside inside upstairs downstairs A, where is Hieu? B, He is upstairs 2. Present progressive tense Eg. He is learning in the classroom. am S + is + [verb +ing ] . are + Use: to espress actions happening at the moment of speaking; it can also be used to replace near future ( going to) . Study the example: I’m using my cousin’s bike tonight. (English 8, P. 19) + Time expression: now, at present, at the moment, right now, presently 2. Future with be going to (near future) Eg. I am going to a pop concert tonight. Are they going to sell their old house? Form: S + BE + GOING TO + V Adj + enough + to - V đủ … để làm việc gì đó + Use: to express future intentions or predictions . + Time expressions: tomorrow, in a moment, next… Note: will can also be used to express intentions or predictions, but there are differences here: will is used to express an intention made at the moment of speaking while going to would mean the intention has been made before he says. When expressing predictions, we use going to if we are quite sure what will happen and if we are not sure about something will would be used instead. Unit 3 1. Reflexive Pronouns a, A: Who helped you with your homework? B: No one helped me. I did it myself. I = myself you = Yourself/ yourselves we = ourselves they = themseves He = himself she = her self it = itself Use: + When the subject does something for himself. In this case, it often stands right after the verb or at the end of the sentence and after for or to. Eg: a, He sent the letter to himself. b, Do something useful for yourself. + When the subject does something himself (no other’s help) Eg: The students themselves decorated the room/ The students decorated the room themselves  By + one-self = alone 2. Modal verbs + Can : diễn tả khả năng. Năng lực hoặc dùng trong các câu yêu cầu, xin phép . I can swim, Can you give me a hand? + Must : diễn tả sự bắt buộc hoặc điều cấm làm ( must = phải, must not = không được) -We must do our homework. -You mustn’t drive on the left in Vietnam. + Have to + V = phải , dùng để chỉ sự bắt buộc ( chú ý sự khác biệt giữa don’t have to và mustn’t) She has to do a lot of work today + Ought to + V = nên (gần nghĩa với should), dùng để diễn tả một việc gi đó nên làm, một lời khuyên - You ought to go to the market yourself. Unit 4 1. Used to = đã từng She used top lived on farm when she ws young. She didn't use to live …… Did she use to live on a farm …. ? Use: Chúng ta dùng USED TO để diễn tả một thói quen, một hành động đã từng có trong quá khứ mà nay không còn. ( eg: I used to like Math , but now I like English) Note: get/ be used to + V-ing được dùng để chỉ một thói quen, một việc thường xẫy ra ơ hiện tại 2. Prepositions of time + in: ta dùng in trước các đơn vị thời gian là tháng, năm, mùa, buổi, thế kỳ… in February, in 2010, in the morning, in ninteenth century + on: on đứng trước các từ chỉ thứ, ngày ( on Friday, on November 20…) + at: đứng trước các từ chỉ giờ giấc, lễ hội, tuổi tác, trong các thành ngữ nhất định. ( at 5 o’clock in the morning. At Christmas, at Tet holiday, …. at night, at noon, at midday, at sunrise/sunset, at dawn, at the moment, at present, at 17 = at the age of 17 ) + between giữa 2 mốc thời gian ( the meeting will be between 7 and 10 ) + before # after: trước, sau một mốc thời gian Aff: S + used to + V Inter: Did + S use to + V? Neg: S + didn't use to V. The meeting starts at 8.30 so I must be there before 8.30 Unit 6 1. Gerunds. Danh động từ. A, as subjects: đứng đầu câu và làm chủ ngữ + Reading is a good habit. + Listening to music is popular among young people. B, Object of some verbs. Like , love, hate, dislike, enjoy, mind, stop etc. + We like watching cartoons + I hate getting up early because it's so cold this time. C, Objects of prepositions. ( of, in, at, for, from, to, with, without, before, after, about…) + She is interested in learning English + What about going to the beach? Unit 7 1. Present Perfect. + We have been herer since last week + They have learnt English for 3 years. Since + a point of time For + a period of time Use: thì hiện tại hoàn thành với since va for được dùng để diễn tả hành động đã bắt đầu trong quá khứ và vẫn còn tiếp diễn, 2. Comparisons + Short adjective: Ss hơn:S1 + BE + ADJ_ER + THAN + S2  Hanoi is colder than Ha Tinh Ss nhất: S + BE + THE + SDJ_EST  Sapa is the coldest place in Vietnam. + Long adjectives: Ss hơn: S1 + BE + MORE + ADJ +THAN + S2  The pen is more expensive than the ruler. Ss nhất: S + BE + THE MOST + ADJ  The book is the most expensive (of the three) + So sánh bằng: S1 + BE (NOT) + AS + ADJ + AS + S2 Hoa is as tall as Huong. Quan isn’t as/ so tall as Phuong. + The same (N) as = giống y như (to talk about similarity) My bike is the same as yours. + be different from = khác với Huy’s bag is different from Tu’s (to talk about differences) Come to visit and leave me a comment at: http://violet.vn/vnfaith/ + S + have/ has + PP - S + haven't/ hasn't + PP ? Have/ Has + S + PP ? . future intentions or predictions . + Time expressions: tomorrow, in a moment, next… Note: will can also be used to express intentions or predictions, but there. ninteenth century + on: on đứng trước các từ chỉ thứ, ngày ( on Friday, on November 20…) + at: đứng trước các từ chỉ giờ giấc, lễ hội, tuổi tác, trong các thành