CONDITIONAL SENTENCES Exercise 1: Complete each of the following sentences with the right forms of the verbs shown in brackets. 1. If he had arrived late, we___________ without him? (to begin) 2. If they had felt thirsty, they___________ the lemonade? (not to drink) 3. If we had been here, we___________ the fireworks. (not to miss) 4. If his office had called, he___________ to work? (not to return) 5. She___________ early if she had not had a good reason. (not to leave) 6. If they had searched more carefully, they___________ the watch sooner. (to find) 7. If you had visited Rome, you___________ to the opera? (to go) 8. If he were here now he___________ to help us. (not to hesitate) 9. I___________ the book last week if I had known you wanted it. (to finish) 10. You___________ to him last night if you had seen him? (to speak) 11. If they were old enough, they___________ the contest next week. (to enter) 12. She___________ a vacation now if she had more time? (not to take) 13. If he had sent a message, we___________ it two days ago. (to receive) 14. I___________ it if you came with me now. (to appreciate) 15. She___________ grateful if we offered to help her tomorrow? (not to be) 16. He___________ yesterday if he had entered the race? (to win) 17. They________ more books last month if they had noticed the stock was low? (not to order) 18. She not___________ us now if she knew where we lived? (to visit) 19. You___________ cucumbers yesterday if they had been on sale? (to buy) 20. If we___________ more attention yesterday, we would know what time to be there. (to pay) Exercise 2: Complete each of the following sentences with the right forms of the verbs shown in brackets. 1. If he___________ rich, he would travel. (to be) 2. I___________ anxious to meet him, I would stay at home. (not to be) 3. He would have more free time if he___________ so hard. (not to work) 4. If I___________ a car, I would visit Cape Breton. (to have) 5. We would take the bus if it___________ to snow. (to begin) 6. If you___________ him, you would surely recognize him. (to see) 7. I would not confide in him if I___________ him. (not to trust) 8. If we___________ time, we would let you know. (not to have) 9. If he___________ an expedition, I would certainly join it. (to organize) 10. I would not worry about it if I___________ you. (to be) 11. I would not have got lost if I___________ the map. (to study) 12. He___________ at home, we would have visited him. (to be) 13. We would have invited him if we___________ he would come. (to think) 14. He would have applied for the job if he___________ the advertisement. (to see) 15. We would not have ordered tea, we___________ how late it was. (to know) 16. It___________, they would have held the party in the park. (not to rain) 17. We would have agreed with you if we___________ what you meant. (to understand) 18. If you___________ salt on the steps, they would not have been so slippery. (to put) 19. He___________ to us, we would have known when to expect him. (to write) 20. If he___________ to take the course, he would have had to work hard. (to choose) Exercise 3: Choose one word or phrase marked A, B, C, or D that best complete the preceding sentence. 1. If it_______ last night, it_______ so hot today. A. rained is not B. was raining were not C. had rained would not have been D. had rained would not be 2. Without your recommendation, we_______ any success last year. A. had not got B. did not get C. will not have got D. would not have got 3. _______ he gets here soon, we will have to start the meeting without him. A. Suppose B. Provided C. Unless D. If 4. _______ as much money as Bill Gates of Microsoft, I would retire. A. Did I have B. If did I have C. Unless I had D. If I had had 5. If I_______ it was a formal party, I wouldn’t have gone wearing jeans and a jumper. A. knew B. had known C. had been knowing D. could know 6. Tom’s company will almost certainly like him_______ he improves his attitude. A. unless B. or C. otherwise D. if 7. If my client_______ me her fax number, I_______ to post a letter to her. A. gave will not have B. will give do not have C. had given wouldn’t have had D. had given will not have had 8. _______ I had brought my laptop to the meeting yesterday. A. If B. If only C. Even if D. As if 9. If I_______ the lottery last week, I_______ rich now. A. had won would be B. had won would have been C. won would be D. won would have been 10. Carrie said she will join the company if the starting salary_______ her expectations. A. meets B. met C. has met D. had met. 11. If you_______ to my advice, you_______ in trouble now. A. listened were not B. listen are not C. had listened would not have been D. had listened would not be. 12. If you take the 8 a.m. flight to New York, you_______ change planes. A. could not have to B. will not have to C. had not had to D. would not to have to 13. If it_______ warm yesterday, we would have gone to the beach. A. was B. were C. had been D. could be 14. If it_______ an hour ago, the streets_______ wet now. A. were raining will be B. had rained would be C. rained would be D. had rained would have be 15. _______ here, he would help us with the troubles. A. Were Peter B. If were Peter C. Unless were Peter D. Unless Peter were 16._______ that problem with the car, we wouldn’t have missed the speech. A. If we had had B. If had we had C. Unless we had had D. Provided that we had had 17. If I were a little taller, I__________ be able to water the plant on the top shelf. A. did B. would C. had D. would have 18. If you hear from Susan today, __________ her to ring me. A. tell B. to tell C. telling D. will tell 19. She had to have the operation___________. A. unless she would dies B. if she would die C. otherwise she will die D. or she would die 20. If the traffic_______ bad, I may get home late. A.is B. were C. was D. had been Exercise 4: Choose one word or phrase marked A, B, C, or D that best complete the preceding sentence. 1. I am flying to the United States tonight. I_______ you a ring if I can find a phone. A. will give B. would give C. could give D. have given 2. We’ll need more staff_______ we start the new project. A. unless B. whether C. in case D. or 3. If I_______ 10 years younger, I_______ the job. A. am will take B. was have taken C. had been will have taken D. were would take 4. _______ I had learnt English when I was at high school. A. Unless B. Even if C. If D. If only 5. You are not allowed to use the club’s facilities_______ you are a member. A. unless B. if C. provided D. supposed 6. If she_______ the train last night, she_______ here now. A. took were B. were taking is C. had taken would have been D. had taken would be 7. _______ if a war happened? A. What you would do B. What would you do C. What will you do D. What you will do 8. I would send her a fax if I__________ her number. A. know B. knew C. had known D. could know. 9. __________ it were well paid, I would accept this proposal. A. Providing B. Unless C. But for D. If only 10. __________ more carefully, he would not have had the accident yesterday. A. If Peter driven B. If had Peter driven C. Had Peter driven D. Unless Peter had driven. 11. If I were you, I__________ that. A. would apply for B. will ask for C. will have change D. can take 12. If I_______ a wish, I’d wish for happiness for my family. A. have B. been having C. had D. was having 13. If we had had time, we_______ to the party. A. can go B. will go C. would have gone D. will have gone 14. We couldn’t understand the teacher if he_______ too fast. A. spoke B. has spoken C. doesn’t speak D. didn’t speak 15. If everything is all right, we_______ our work on time. A. complete B. are completing C. have completed D. will complete 16. What_______ if the earth suddenly stopped going around the sun. A. happens B. will happen C. would happen D. happened 17. Unless you_______ quiet, I’ll scream. A. don’t keep B. keep C. didn’t keep D. kept 18. You’ll be able to speak English well if you_______ hard. A. study B. studied C. would study D. had studied 19. If I_______ you, I_______ invitation. A. am will refuse B. was would refuse C. were would refuse D. had been will refuse 20._______, I’d have told you the answer. A. If you asked me B. Had you asked me C. You had asked me D. Unless you asked me Exercise 5: Choose one word or phrase marked A, B, C, or D that best complete the preceding sentence. 1. If I_______ a lot of money now, I_______ a new car. A. have will buy B. have would buy C. hadwill buy D. hadwould buy 2. If I_______ you, I_______ do that. A. am will B. were would C. were will D. had been would 3. If I were offered the job, I think I_______ it A. take B. will take C. would take D. would have taken 4. I would be very surprised if he_______. A. refuses B. refused C. had refused D. would refuse 5. Many people would be out of work if that factory_______ down A. closes B. had closed C. closed D. would close 6. If she sold the car, she_______ much money. A. gets B. would get C. will get D. would have got 7. They would be disappointed if we_______. A. hadn’t come B. wouldn’t come C. don’t come D. didn’t come 8. Would John be angry if I_______ his bicycle without asking? A. take B. took C. had taken D. would take 9. She_______ terribly upset if I lost this ring. A. will be B. would be C. were D. had been 10. If someone_______ in here with a gun, I would be very frightened. A. would walk B. walks C. had walked D. walked 11. What would happen if you_______ to work tomorrow? A. don’t go B. didn’t go C. won’t go D. wouldn’t go 12. If we had lost the map, we would never have found our way. A. We will have found our way unless we lost the map. B. We found our way because we didn’t lose the map. C. We would have lost our way if we had lost the map. D. If we lost the map, we didn’t find our way. 13. He didn’t hurry so he missed the plane. A. If he hurried, he wouldn’t miss the train. B. If he had hurried, he might catch the plane. C. If he had hurried, he could have caught the plane. D. He didn’t miss the plane because he hurried. 14. If I were taller, I could reach the shelf. A. I am not tall enough to reach the top shelf. B. I am too tall to reach the top shelf. C. I cannot reach the top shelf because I am very tall. D. In spite of being tall, I cannot reach the top shelf. 15. I will agree to these conditions provided that they increase my salary. A. They did not increase my salary so I quit the job. B. I will only agree these conditions if they give me more money. C. They give me more money or I will only agree these conditions. D. Unless they give me more money, I will only agree these conditions. 16. If only I had studied hard enough to pass the final exam. A. I regret not studying hard enough to pass the exam. B. I had studied hard enough and I passed the final exam. C. I studied too hard to pass the final exam. D. I studied hard otherwise I would fail the final exam. 17. John speaks Chinese fluently because he used to live in China for ten years. A. Suppose John has lived in China for ten years, he can speak Chinese fluently. B. Provided that John lived in China for ten years, he could speak Chinese fluently. C. Unless John had lived in China for ten years, he could not have spoken Chinese fluently. D. John could not speak Chinese fluently if he had not lived in China for ten years. 18. You didn’t tell me your story, so I couldn’t help you. A. If you told me the story, I could help you. B. If only you told me your story. C. Had you told me the story, I could have helped you. D. Did you tell me your story, I could help you. 19. There will be a shortage of water unless it rains. A. If it doesn’t rain, there will be a shortage of water. B. There will be a shortage of water if it rains. C. There will be a shortage of water if it will rain. D. If it doesn’t rain, there would be a shortage of water. 20. He described the accident as if he_______. A. saw it with his own eyes B. had seen it with his own eyes C. sees it with his own eyes D. has seen it with his own eyes Exercise 6: Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means the same as the sentence printed before it. 1. You washed it in boiling water; thats why it shrank. Had you not________________________________________________________. 2. We missed the train because we were using an outofdate timetable. If we______________________________________________________________. 3. His own men deserted him; thats the only reason why he failed. He wouldn’t________________________________________________________. 4. They were driving very quickly. Thats why the accident was so terrible. The accident________________________________________________________. 5. It was raining. Thats the only reason I didnt take the children to the beach. But for_____________________________________________________________. 6. My number isnt in the directory so people dont ring me up. People_____________________________________________________________. 7. The police are not armed so we dont have gun battles in the streets. Were the___________________________________________________________. 8. The shops dont deliver now, which makes life difficult. Life would__________________________________________________________. 9. Hes very thin; perhaps thats why he feels the cold so much. He wouldn’t________________________________________________________. 10. We havent any matches so we cant light a fire. We could___________________________________________________________. 11. It rained all the time. Perhaps thats why he didnt enjoy his visit. He would__________________________________________________________. 12. I didnt work hard at school so I didnt get a good job when I left. Had I______________________________________________________________. 13. They used closedcircuit television. Thats how they spotted the shoplifter. Had it_____________________________________________________________. 14. They asked him to leave the diningroom because he wasnt wearing a shirt. If he_______________________________________________________________. 15. It took us a long time to find his house because the streets were not clearly marked. Had the___________________________________________________________. 16. My friend advised me to sell it. My friend said if I___________________________________________________. 17. I havent much time so I read very little. If I________________________________________________________________. 18. They dont clean the windows so the rooms look rather dark. The rooms_________________________________________________________. 19. He never polishes his shoes, so he never looks smart. If he______________________________________________________________. 20. He doesnt pay his staff properly; perhaps thats why they dont work well. His staff____________________________________________________________. Exercise 7: Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means the same as the sentence printed before it. 1. She is very shy; thats why she doesnt enjoy parties. She would_________________________________________________________. 2. He doesnt take any exercise; thats why he is so unhealthy. He would___________________________________________________________. 3. I havent the right change so we cant get tickets from the machine. If I________________________________________________________________. 4. They speak French to her, not English, so her English doesnt improve. Her English________________________________________________________. 5. He doesnt work overtime, so he doesnt earn as much as I do. He would___________________________________________________________. 6. He never shaves; thats the only reason he looks unattractive. He would___________________________________________________________. 7. You work too fast; thats why you make so many mistakes. If you______________________________________________________________. 8. I cant park near my office; thats why I dont come by car. If I________________________________________________________________. 9. I live a long way from the centre; thats why I am always late for work. Were I_____________________________________________________________. 10. I havent a map so I cant direct you. Were I_____________________________________________________________. 11. Its a pity we havent a steak to cook over our camp fire. If we_____________________________________________________________. 12. Im fat; thats why I cant get through the bathroom window. I could____________________________________________________________. 13. He doesnt help me, possibly because I never ask him for help. If I________________________________________________________________. 14. I cant drive so we cant take the car. I would___________________________________________________________. 15. We have no ladder so we cant get over the wall. If we_____________________________________________________________. 16. I live near my office, so I dont spend much time travelling to work. I would____________________________________________________________. 17. I didnt see the signal, so I didnt stop. Had I______________________________________________________________. 18. I didnt know your number, so I didnt ring. I would___________________________________________________________. 19. She didnt know you were in hospital, so she didnt visit you. Had she___________________________________________________________. 20. We only came by bus because there were no taxis. Had there___________________________________________________________. Exercise 8: Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means the same as the sentence printed before it. 1. We havent got central heating, so the house is rather cold. If we______________________________________________________________. 2. I have no dog, so I dont like being alone in the house at night. I would___________________________________________________________. 3. We got a lift, so we reached the station in time. If I________________________________________________________________ 4. I havent got a vacuum cleaner; thats why Im so slow. I would___________________________________________________________. 5. I dont know his address, so I cant write to him. If I________________________________________________________________. 6. We didnt visit the museum because we hadnt time. Had we___________________________________________________________. 7. Toms father was on the Board. Thats the only reason he got the job. But for____________________________________________________________ 8. He wasnt looking where he was going. Thats why he was run over. Had he____________________________________________________________. 9. I dont like country life, perhaps because I wasnt brought up in the country. If I________________________________________________________________. 10. I didnt know he was so quarrelsome. Im sorry now that I invited him. Had I_____________________________________________________________. 11. People drive very fast. Thats why there are so many accidents. If people___________________________________________________________ 12. English people speak very quickly. Perhaps thats why I cant understand them. I would___________________________________________________________. 13. They got the children back alive only because they paid the ransom at once. Had they__________________________________________________________. 14. The flats are not clearly numbered, so it is very difficult to find anyone. It would___________________________________________________________. 15. You dont wipe your feet, so you make muddy marks all over the floor. If you ___________________________________________________________. 16. We didnt go by air only because we hadnt enough money. Had we___________________________________________________________. 17. The bus didnt stop because you didnt put your hand up. Had you___________________________________________________________. 18. I only came up the stairs because the lift wasnt working. Had the lift________________________________________________________. 19. I didnt know how thin the ice was, so I was walking on it quite confidently. If I________________________________________________________________. 20. The champion didnt take the fight seriously at first; perhaps thats why he didnt win it. If the champion_____________________________________________________