A study on common grammatical errors in translating vietnamese english encountered by english majored students at thuongmai university

THUONGMAI UNIVERSITY ENGLISH FACULTY GRADUATION PAPER TOPIC: A STUDY ON COMMON GRAMMATICAL ERRORS IN TRANSLATING VIETNAMESE-ENGLISH ENCOUNTERED BY ENGLISH MAJORED STUDENTS AT THUONGMAI UNIVERSITY HANOI - 2020 ABSTRACT Nowadays, with the development of the world economy, English has become an extremely important tool in all fields Therefore, translation and translation also become two important and indispensable areas, helping writers and speakers convey the message to readers and listeners And especially, for people who study foreign language, translation skills are a necessary skill Therefore, when Vietnam integrates into the world economy, it is very necessary for Vietnamese students to learn translation skills to meet the needs of society For students, translation is really difficult, especially Vietnamese-English translation And one of the factors that affects translation skills is grammar This study was carried out to find out the common grammatical errors in Vietnamese - English translation encountered by English major students at Thuongmai University Moreover, through this research, I hope to help students understand the importance of translation skills, find out what causes those grammatical errors and solutions to improve grammar as well as translation skill for their future work There are 100 students of English Faculty participating in this study They have studied translation and they found it difficult Therefore, I want this research to be useful not only for students of the English Faculty at ThuongMai University, but also for those who want to become professional translators Because of limited time, awareness and practical experience, the study could not avoid shortcomings and errors Therefore, I look forward to receiving comments and suggestions in order to improve this study ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS During the completion of the thesis, I received the valuable support, guidance and ideas from the teachers, family and friends First and foremost, I would like to express my deepest and most sincere thanks to my supervisor, Ms Vu Thi Hanh, who is always willing to help me from the topic selection as well as the completing process of this study She was the one who gave me helpful advice, assistance, strict supervision and helped me to complete this research Besides, I would like to express my sincere thanks to the Thuongmai university and especially the English Faculty’s teachers, who taught me useful knowledge and lessons about life during years Thanks to the Thuongmai University for facilitating the best conditions for us to study, play and grow In addition, I am very grateful for the enthusiastic participation of English major students Thanks to that participation, I was able to complete this study Lastly, I would like to thank my friends and family who always stand by, support and give me valuable advice during the completion of this study Because of limited time, awareness and practical experience, the study could not avoid shortcomings and errors Therefore, I look forward to receiving comments and suggestions in order to improve this study Hanoi, Student Hoang Thi Khuyen TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ii TABLE OF CONTENTS .iii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS v LIST OF TABLES vi CHAPTER 1: OVERVIEW OF THE STUDY 1.1 Rationale 1.2 Previous studies .2 1.2.1 Foreign researchers .2 1.2.2 Vietnamese researchers 1.3 The aims of the study .4 1.4 Research subjects .4 1.5 Scope of the study 1.6 Research methodology .5 1.6.1 Data collection instruments 1.6.2 Data collection procedures 1.7 Organization of the study CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW .8 2.1 Overview of translation 2.1.1 Definitions of translation .8 2.1.2 Importance of translation 2.1.3 Types of translation .10 2.2 The factors influence the translating process 12 2.2.1 The mother tongue .12 2.2.2 Words and choice of words 13 2.2.3 Grammatical structures .14 2.2.4 Context 15 2.3 Grammar 16 2.3.1 Definitions of grammar .16 2.3.2 Importance of grammar in translation 17 2.4 Definitions of error 17 2.5 Errors in English grammar 18 2.6 Factors that cause common grammatical errors 19 2.6.1 Poor knowledge of English grammar 19 2.6.2 The influence of using Vietnamese grammar 19 2.6.3 Laziness of students .19 CHAPTER 3: FINDINGS 21 3.1 The results from questionnaire survey 21 3.2 The results from Vietnamese-English translations collected 23 3.2.1 Error of omission 24 3.2.2 Error of addition 27 3.2.3 Error of selection 28 3.2.4 Error of order .31 CHAPTER 4: RECOMMENDATIONS AND SUGGESTIONS 32 4.1 Some solutions for teachers band students to help improve English grammar effectively .32 4.1.1 Solutions for teachers 32 4.1.2 Some solutions for students 32 4.3 Limitation and suggestion for further research 34 4.3.1 Limitation of the study 34 4.3.2 Suggestions for further research 35 CONCLUSION 36 REFERENCES vii APPENDIX: SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRES viii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS TMU Thuongmai University TL SL VNU No Target language Source language Vietnam National University Number LIST OF TABLES Tables and charts Name Table Table 1: The students’ attitude towards Vietnamese- English Table Chart translating Table 2: Some solutions to improve English grammar The importance of English grammar CHAPTER 1: OVERVIEW OF THE STUDY 1.1 Rationale Language is a valuable asset and a characteristic of each nation Every country in the world has its own languages, which creates cultural diversity But, to communicate with each other, they need a common language and that is English In fact, most countries around the world use English and English is considered a global language and is used in all fields Thanks to their English-translated versions, countries can have a mutual understanding and a sense of global citizenship in this multilingual world It is considered an effective means to learn how to appreciate different countries, cultures, communities and people By comparison, people can better understand their own culture and society as well as exchange the beauty of cultural values Moreover, English translation makes people understand each other better in the process of diplomatic relations and economic cooperation and other fields in this day and age when countries tend to integrate for the whole development development Therefore, English translation has gradually become an indispensable and urgent tool, creating a path for the global success of individuals, organizations, and even businesses when the society grows and the competition does not stop Therefore, nowadays, when Vietnam becomes one of the members of the World Trade Organization, Vietnamese English students need professional translation skills to meet the needs of integration into the world economy and cultural exchanges with other countries Therefore, learning translation skills is definitely an advantage for Vietnamese students to find the ideal jobs in the future Translation process requires translators to have necessary knowledge such as grammar, vocabulary, and skills It is true that translation is harder for students who consider English as the second language or foreign language as Vietnam The habit in translating word by word because of the strong effect of the mother tongue language Because they have more than one language, it brings them more problems in applying the structures and meanings.Therefore, they often encounter many difficulties when translating Vietnamese-English and lead to many mistakes One of those errors is grammatical errors Because grammar is extremely important when translating If the grammar is wrong, the reader, the listener may misunderstand the conveyor's meaning At Thuongmai University, English is considered as one of the most basic standard for graduation of all majors Especially, to students of English faculty, translation is a compulsory subject and very important for them to find a ideal job However, they often complaint that translation is a very difficult subject and they are afraid of learning this subject Being a student of English faculty, I see the difficulties in translation subject, especially, almost students struggle with translating Vietnamese into English Therefore, I chose this topic "A study on common grammatical errors in translating Vietnamese-English encountered by English majored students at Thuongmai University " I hope this study will help English Faculty students at as well as students in general to overcome grammatical errors in the translation process 1.2 Previous studies Research topics on issues “common errors in translation” have been studied by many different researchers around the world in general and in Vietnam in particular 1.2.1 Foreign researchers “College students’ errors in translation” was investigated by Saad Salal Sarhan at Al-Mustansiriyha University The major aim of this study was to examine errors of learners who study translation at college of Basic Education and review their answers in order to determine some solutions that help them minimize these errors The sample consists of 40 students They were asked about common errors encountered during translating process The results reveal that these errors were multiple types, including grammar, meaning, style, spelling and organizing their ideas in their translation The topic “common grammatical errors in English translation” was made by the students of English Study Program of UKI Toraja at State University of Makassar, Indonesia This research is aimed at describing the grammatical errors faced by the Indonesian students Through this study, the researchers provided useful information about translation and some suggestions to corrects these errors The sample of this study was two groups: the six-semester and the fourth-semester students to find out the difference levels of UKI Toraja The method used was a descriptive method The result of this study showed that the most frequent errors are errors in verbs and that most of the errors are due to overgeneralization and the ignorance of the rule restriction 1.2.2 Vietnamese researchers In Vietnam, may studies on the translation errors when translating carried out by students of universities and professional researchers “Vietnamese-English translation errors made by second year translation-major students” was researched by Nguyen Thi Thu Hang and Trieu Thu Hang at VNU university of Languages and International Studies The researchers carried out this study to identify common Vietnamese-English translation errors made by second year students and propose some suggestions for the improvement of the current practice The instruments in the study included document observations, questionnaires and interviews The combination of these methods enabled the researchers to triangulate the data in order to attain the most reliable findings Through this study, the researchers discovered the most errors, including lexical choice, lengthy and awkward expressions Thus, they suggested some valuable solutions to improve this problems The study on “grammatical errors by English major students” was implemented by Vu Thi Ngoc Linh at HaiPhong private university This study investigated only some common grammatical errors such as errors in combination between subject and verb, tense usage, voice usage However, English grammar is extensive and this research did not covered all problems Therefore, I hope my study can bring full of these errors and comprehensive solutions to improve this problem In general, the studies are done meticulously with the efforts of the researchers They may provide further references to the researchers’ process, the methodologies that researchers have used to collect and analyze data Therefore, it is possible to draw experience to make this study better Although each study has its own strengths and weaknesses, they have played a part into improve English -Vietnamese translation skills for Vietnamese students reason students choose most is laziness of students (44%) From this table, we an see that most of students also acknowledge that their laziness leads to grammatical errors They spend a little of time to practice English grammar and leads to poor knowledge of grammar Therefore, to improve English grammar, they must study harder and harder Finally, some solutions students give to improve English grammar as follows: How should you to improve your English grammar? Number of Percentag choices e Reading English grammar Doing grammar exercises regularly Go to at an English center Using Internet to exchange information about English 20 35 15 18 (%) 20 35 15 18 grammar Others: Ask for help from teachers, friends, watch 12 12 movies, Total 100 Table 2: Some solutions to improve English grammar 100 This table reflects that there are may solutions that help us improve English grammar Doing grammar exercises regularly is the best choice of students (35%) because they can remember the rules easily, next, the second position is reading English grammar (accounting for 20%) It is the useful way because it will supplement your knowledge of grammar There are 18 students choosing to exchange information about English grammar through Internet and 15 % of total choices that they should go to an English center Finally, only 12% of students who ask for help from teachers, friends, watch movies and so on From these figure, it can seen that if you really want to improve English grammar, there are a lot of ways It depends on yourself 3.2 The results from Vietnamese-English translations collected The initial results from the translations collected in this study indicated that English major students at TMU usually experience difficulties in grammatical errors when translating Vietnamese into English After considering carefully, the researcher finds 100 errors The grammatical errors found then be classified into 22 four types based on superficial basis error classification The errors are classified as error of omission, error of addition, error of selection and error of order In presenting the grammatical errors classifications, the researcher uses a table which contains kinds of grammatical errors , number of grammatical errors and their percentage The presenting of the grammatical errors classifications can be seen the following table: No Total Error classifications Number of choices Omission 45 Addition 35 Selection 15 Order Total 100 Percentage 45 35 15 100 From the analysis of grammatical errors, the researcher presents some of the total grammatical errors in the discussion as they represent similar grammatical errors because of the typically same grammatical errors found The grammatical errors found will be presented in a sentence of each grammatical error classification with the errors underlined while the correction of grammatical errors will be written in bold and underlined 3.2.1 Error of omission Error of omission is where a wrong item has been omitted in place of the right one This is the most of grammatical error found in the translations of English major students at TMU The percentage of this error is 45% In this error of omission classification, the researcher find some cases, they are errors of omission in noun group (subject, object) and error of omission in subject-verb agreement a Error of omission in noun group This kind is found in noun group, they are the grammatical errors in using subject, object, preposition, conjunction and punctuation Making kinds of elements 23 in noun group cause the often grammatical errors in this part Some of the errors are explained as follows:  Omission of nouns Vietnamese version: “Phiên giao dịch thu hút 137 doanh nghiệp tham gia tuyển dụng 3.800 lao động vào vị trí kế toán, bán hàng, thu ngân, thợ vận hành máy, nhân viên kỹ thuật, công nghệ thông tin ” A student translated into English as follows: “The session attracted 137 businesses to recruit more than 3,800 workers in accounting, sales, cashier position, machine operators, technical staff, information technology” In the sentence above, after “in” there are some professions such as accounting, sales, but “information technology” is an industry Therefore, the student translated into English but translated word by word, so he/she omitted “a noun” Correct: “The session attracted 137 businesses to recruit more than 3,800 workers in accounting, sales, cashier position, machine operators, technical and information technology staff”  Omission of prepositions Vietnamese version: “ Dự án có tổng đầu tư 236 triệu đô la Mỹ” English version: “This project has a total investment more than USD 236 million” In this sentence, the writer also did not translate exactly “ a noun phrase” – tổng đầu tư 236 triệu đô la Mỹ because of omission of “a preposition” Correct: “This project has a total investment of more than USD 236 million”  Omitting relative pronouns From the translation texts, the researcher finds an error which is error of omitting a relative pronoun A student translated from Vietnamese text into English as follows: Vietnamese text: “ Lý tháng đầu năm nay, kế hoạch vốn đầu tư từ ngân sách nhà nước Thủ tướng, trưởng Bộ kế hoạch đầu tư phân bổ” 24 English version: “ The reason is in the first months of this year, the plan of investment capital from the state budget was assigned by the Prime Minister, Minister of Planning and Investment” In this sentence, the error is that the student used a clause to make an object after a verb However, in English grammar, it is wrong If a clause is used as an object, there is a relative pronoun between the subject and verb Correct: “The reason is (that) in the first months of this year, the plan of investment capital from the state budget was assigned by the Prime Minister, Minister of Planning and Investment” b Error of omission in subject-verb agreement The researcher also finds error of omitting, which are in subject – verb agreement It is a basic rule to build a correct sentence grammatically that is focused on the subject form Subject and verb form can be singular or plural form To build the correct sentences, the verb must agree with the subject that a singular subject form takes a singular verb form while a plural subject form takes a plural verb form The subject-verb agreement of a language is different from the subject-verb agreement of other languages In this case, English and the mother language of the respondents, Vietnamese, which have the different subject-verb agreement make the respondents get any difficulties in building of a sentence It causes some errors in their abstract This error is described as follows: “Số học sinh có học lực giỏi chiếm 30% tổng học sinh” A student translate this sentence into “The number of students who have good learning capacity account for 30% of total students in the class” In this translation, the student used the verb “account” in plural form when coming with the plural noun “students” However, it is wrong because in this sentence, “the number of” comes with the verb of singular form Suggested version: “The number of students who have good learning capacity accounts for 30% of total students in the class” 3.2.2 Error of addition The second last percentage of grammatical error classification, which only 15% of the whole grammatical errors found in translations of English major students describes about unnecessary elements of grammatical structure in sentence 25 of translations The unnecessary elements are usually added in a sentence, especially in translations because of the differences of grammatical structure between the source language and the target language Meanwhile, the researcher only finds a few of these grammatical errors in the Vietnamese-English translations  Error of addition in nouns In English, many nouns can never be plural and the conjugations must be singular However, students often make this mistake because they are confused with Vietnamese so they usually add “s” or “es” to denote the plural as the following example: “Để chống dịch ovid-19, Việt Nam sản xuất nhiều trang thiết bị y tế” Some students translated it as “To combat Covid-19, Vietnam has produced may medical equipments” In this sentence, the student used “equipments” as a plural noun and add “s”, but “equipment” is a noun that can not be added “s” to express the plural noun Suggested version: “To combat Covid-19, Vietnam has produced may medical equipment” Similarly, some nouns can never be added “s” or “es” to express as a plural noun such as advice (lời khuyên), evidence (bằng chứng), machinery (máy móc), homework (bài tập nhà), information ( thông tin),  Error of addition in prepositions In some cases, verbs often not come with prepositions but still have Vietnamese meanings, but students often add prepositions after the verb as the following translation: “Phó thủ tướng Vũ Đức Đam thông báo tới người dân từ ngày 1/4 Việt nam thực việc giãn cách xã hội để phòng chống dịch Covid-19” is translated into “Deputy Prime Minister Vu Duc Dam informed to everyone that from April 1, Vietnam will implement a social distancing order to prevent the Covid-19 epidemic” In this sentence, the verb “inform” comes with the preposition “to” (tới) but the using of this preposition is wrong because this verb does not come with “to” Suggested version: “Deputy Prime Minister Vu Duc Dam informed everyone that from April 1, Vietnam will implement a social gap to prevent the Covid-19 epidemic” 26 3.2.3 Error of selection Error of selection is a grammatical error that classifies the error from a wrong chosen part of grammatical structure This error is the second largest errors found after the error of omission that the percentage is 35% of total grammatical errors found The grammatical errors found are errors of selecting verb, adjective, preposition, pronoun and subject-verb agreement This is an example of error of selecting adjective that is described as follows:  Error of selecting preposition The next grammatical error found is error of choosing preposition The error is described as follow: Vietnamese text: “ Tại họp, Thủ tướng Nguyễn Xuân Phúc nhấn mạnh Việt Nam Hàn Quốc hai đất nước với nhiều điểm tương đồng văn hóa lịch sử” A translation the researcher collected as follows: “At the meeting, Prime Minister Nguyen Xuan Phuc stated that Vietnam and South Korea are two countries with similarities about culture and history” In this translation, the using of preposition is wrong The preposition “about” is used after a noun “similarities” with its meaning “về”, but the preposition coming with “similarities” is “in” not “about” Correct: “At the meeting, Prime Minister Nguyen Xuan Phuc stated that Vietnam and South Korea are two countries with similarities in culture and history”  Error of selecting verb and noun The researcher used the familiar slogan of bitis as an illustrative example: "Nâng niu bàn chân Việt" and received some translations as follows "Cherishing Vietnamese's foot" 27 Thereby, the researcher noticed some mistakes about how to choose words as follows: * The nuance of the word "Cherish" doesn't really fit in this case * The purpose of this translation is to express a desire to introduce the product to foreign markets So why student use "Vietnamese's"? * "Chân" in the original slogan refers to the steps while "foot" is a raw and real word in English, does not suggest any images or movement Suggested version: “ Embrace every step”  Error of selecting passive or active form The researcher gives students some sentences and then ask them to translate from Vietnamese into English After that, they give me some translations: Sentence (1): Cô bị ngã English version: “ she was felt” In this sentence, the student used passive form to express “bị” in Vietnamese But the action “ngã” was made by herself, so it is wrong and it should be active form Correct: “ She fell” Sentence (2): “ Đổi giáo dục đường tất yếu đổi câu hỏi đặt cho nhiều nhà giáo dục học” Some students translated this sentence as example: “ Educational innovation is absolutely essential but how should it innovate is still a big question which pose for many educators” The errors of this translation are the verbs “innovate” and “pose”which are in active form It must be in passive form “be innovated” and “is posed” because education can not innovate by itself and the question can not itself pose for educators” Therefore, the Vietnamese text should be translated as: “Educational innovation is absolutely essential but how should it innovated is still a big question which is posed for many educators”  Error of selecting adjective 28 In English, a word can create two or more adjectives with different meanings, so if you don't remember it will cause confusion and lead to errors in the use of adjectives as the following example: Vietnamese version: “Trong công phòng chống dịch covid-19, Việt nam đạt kết đáng khích lệ” It is translated into English by a student as follows: “In the fight against covid-19, Viet Nam has achieved encouraged results” In this sentence, students used the word "encouraged" with the meaning "encouraging", but the use of this adjective was inappropriate The mistake is that this student had a mistake between the adjectives created from "encourage" as encouraged ( with Vietnamese meaning “ khích lệ đó”) and encouraging (đáng khích lệ) Therefore, choosing the adjectives accordingly is very important If the selection is incorrect, the meaning of the sentence is changed Suggested version: “In the fight against Covid-19, Viet Nam has achieved encouraging results”  Error of selecting subject-verb agreement In an example the researcher give some students “ Danh mục loại hàng hóa gửi cho bạn vào sáng ” is translated into English “ The list of items were sent to you on this morning” In this translation, the error of subject-verb agreement is that the subject is a singular noun while the verb is a plural verb This error is caused because the confusion of a student He/she thinks “items” is the subject, so he/she choose a plural verb “were” However, the subject in this sentence is “the list”, so the verb should be a singular verb Therefore, when translating, we must focus on the subject in the sentence to avoid this error Suggested version: “The list of items was sent to you on this morning” 3.2.4 Error of order Only a few grammatical errors are classified into this grammatical error classification Percentage of this error is only 5% of total errors found All 29 grammatical error in this error classifications are in the building of noun phrase The error is as follows: “Các hoạt động giải trí điểm du lịch bị tạm dừng ảnh hưởng dịch covid-19” is translated into English translation as “Activities leisure at tourist sites were halted due to the effects of the covid-19 epidemic” In this sentence, the writer wrongly ordered a compound noun “activities leisure” The student translated word by wors, so it causes this error Correct: “Leisure activities at tourist sites were halted due to the effects of the covid-19 epidemic” CHAPTER 4: RECOMMENDATIONS AND SUGGESTIONS Basing on the results collected from the questionnaire as well as the paper test, it can be concluded that the common grammatical errors English major students encountered includes omission, addition, selection and order Therefore, in this part, I will recommend some possible solutions to help students to improve their grammatical structures flexibly as well as translating skill 4.1 Some solutions for teachers band students to help improve English grammar effectively 4.1.1 Solutions for teachers Firstly, teachers should teach more grammar for first-year students so that they can have full knowledge of English grammar, which help them prepare well for translation subject In university, most teachers focus on speaking and specialized knowledge rather than English grammar Gradually, students will forget grammar knowledge Therefore, teachers should spend more time in each lesson to recall their knowledge of grammar so that students can remember more easily Another way is that teachers should create learning forums so that students can exchange knowledge about grammar or answer questions for students about grammar, which helps students consolidate knowledge of grammar Finally, teachers should assign many grammar exercises to students After that, teachers should spend some time to correct and explain difficult grammar sentences for students Teachers should also strictly punish students who not their homework 30 4.1.2 Some solutions for students The first step of learning grammar is to know the basic knowledge about the parts of speech and use proper word order and other structures These are the types of words that make up the language, and they are nouns, adjectives, pronouns, verbs, adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions, interjections, and sometimes articles To put sentences together properly, you must understand what the parts of speech are and how they function in sentences Besides, English learners need to form habit of getting the words in the right order Secondly, to improve English grammar, they should find out some reference books which contain not only uses and forms of all tenses in English but also many exercises of each tense for the learners to practice If they try to read and exercises regularly, their knowledge of verb tense in English will be better There are some grammar books which are suitable for every level of learners as “English grammar in use – Ngữ pháp tiếng Anh thực hành - 136 đề mục ngữ pháp” (Raymond Murphy), “English grammar in use” (Raymond Murphy), “Collins Cobuild English grammar”, “Văn phạm tiếng Anh thực hành” (Trần Văn Điền), “The grammar book” (Marianne Celce, Diane Larsen – Freeman) and “the good grammar book” (Oxford) It is a strong hope that these suggested grammar books can help the students to improve grammar easily and quickly Other way of improving grammar for the students is using the Internet There is lots of information about English grammar on the Internet and it is really easy for the students to learn and get the information just by simple clicks The learners just type some letters in search boxes like that of Google (www.google.com) There are a lot of various kinds of Web Pages with clear explanations which help the students to learn grammar rules and more exercises You should read a variety of material because through reading different genres and styles of writing, such as classic literature, textbooks, science-fiction, science books, biographies, blogs, essays, and articles, etc You can learn how other authors use language, how they translate from Vietnamese into English, how sentences are structured, word order, spelling, and creative variations the authors use on the Internet 31 One of the best ways to ensure you understand the basic grammatical elements of a language is by seeking the help of someone who’s qualified to teach you Many community colleges offer language courses, or you can ask around at your local high school or college to see if any English students want to make some extra money tutoring you One more effective way is that the students should prepare a notebook to summarize English grammar points in the students own arrangement The way can help the students easy to remember the points of English grammar as well as review the point quickly in their own notebook After doing English grammar, you should review the errors and note them in the notebook If not, you will forget them easily You should also concentrate on improving grammatical errors you often repeat Only you review and correct them, you remember for a long time To be better at English grammar, the students have to practice doing grammar exercises regularly It’s a good idea to follow style guide and grammar books This will provide an idea of the different ways to approach spelling, syntax, and style, give you a better idea of the fundamentals of grammar, and show you where the language is adaptable and where it’s inflexible This is one of the best way to improve your English grammar because only you practice regularly, the more you learn, the more you improve Moreover, to have a perfect translation and you will translate from Vietnamese into English fluently, you must improve not only your grammar but also vocabulary because is a very important part of learning translation Therefore, you should prepare English grammar as well as English vocabularies to get a good translation 4.3 Limitation and suggestion for further research 4.3.1 Limitation of the study Despite considerable devotion of time and efforts, because of limited time, lack of sources, and the ability of the researcher, the study cannot avoid some shortcomings and mistakes which can be mentioned as below: First of all, it is the small number of participants Only 100 students of English faculty at Thuongmai University were selected by the researcher with her own 32 criteria Therefore, the results obtained may not be generalized to the whole people who made errors Another drawback faced during the research process is the researcher conducts the questionnaire and collected translations through internet because of the epidemic Covid-19, so the result is limited Besides, the techniques suggested in this research are selected from different reliable but limited sources 4.3.2 Suggestions for further research The study only investigated the common errors in translating from Vietnamese into English in 100 translations of English major students at TMU Therefore, for further studies, the researcher suggests conducting the survey as well collecting more translations with different background in order to gain deeper and clearer data about the problems which students experience with translating skills as well as grammatical errors and causes of these problems Finally, other researchers may concern about English vocabulary and problems related to translating skill so that the students can improve this skill to have a good job in the further CONCLUSION As stated earlier, the thesis is an attempt to present the common grammatical errors in translating from Vietnamese into English of English Major students at Thuongmai University In addition, the study aims at investigating some factors 33 causing these errors in order to find out some strategies to help students improve the problem To reach the aims of the researcher, the study was divided into fours chapters The first chapter has briefly described the general theories of the research Chapter two in this study concentrates on reviewing literature directly relevant to the topic being investigated It is the theoretical background about translating skill as well English grammar The third chapter presented the research methodology and findings of the approach to English grammar of English major students at Thuongmai University through questionnaires and tests collected This chapter also helped the researcher find out the answers for three questions as mentioned previous in chapter one Chapter four is some recommendations and suggestions to improve English grammar at Thuongmai University in particular and all of the students in general It cannot deny that today English is the most widely spoken language in the world, and English has acquired the largest grammar of the world’s language The important role of English is illustrated in all fields such as politic, science, economy, culture and so on Therefore, translation plays an importance role, especially in the age of globalization Being aware of the importance of English grammar in translating skill, especially translating from Vietnamese into English in specific field, I made up my mind on “a study on common grammatical errors in translating from Vietnamese into English encountered by English major student at Thuongmai University” Hopefully, this study can bring valuable knowledge for the future works of readers and some improvements on the Vietnamese – English translation skill as well as the quality of their skills Surely, mistakes and shortcomings in this graduation paper are unavoidable due to my limitation of time and knowledge We have not been able to collect all practice of translation papers by students to analysis I hope that further research can it Finally, I am always willing to receive the contributions, advice and sympathies from teachers and readers to make my graduation paper much better 34 REFERENCES Authors-Studies Tu Anh (2005), English-Vietnamese translation techniques (p10-11) Bui Tien Bao and Dang Xuan Thu (1997), Interpreting and translation coursebook, HaNoi University of Foreign Studies, Hanoi Roger T.Bell, R.T (1991) Translation and translating: Theory and practice, Longman, New York Catford J.C (1965), A Linguistic Theory of Translation, Oxford, Oxford University Press Duong Thi Thuy Hang and Nguyen Thi Cam Xuyen (2010) Common mistakes in learning translation subject by the second-year English major students at Dong Thap University Nguyen Thi Thu Hang and Trieu Thu Hang (2010) Vietnamese-English translation errors made by second year translation-major students, VNU university of Languages and International Studies Newmark, Peter (1982) Approaches to Translation, Pergamon Press Nguyen Thi Hong Tham and Bui Huyen Tran (2013) English major students’ difficultes and expectations in learning translation at Dong Thap University Wilss, N (1982) The Science of translation: Problems and methods Websites 1.https://www.researchgate.net/publication/320287059_Grammatical_Errors_in_th e_English_Translation_Made_by_the_Students_of_English_Study_Program_of_UKI _Toraja https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2452315117300851 http://repository.unimus.ac.id/161/1/Galih.pdf https://oapub.org/edu/index.php/ejel/article/view/1966 file:///C:/Users/ADMIN/Downloads/417-703-1-SM.pdf https://media.neliti.com/media/publications/216939-none.pdf https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/grammar https://www.thoughtco.com/what-is-grammar-1690909 https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/error APPENDIX: SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRES I am doing a small survey about topic “ A study on common grammatical errors in translating from Vietnamese into English encountered by English major students at Thuongmai University” This survey aims to find out common grammatical errors in Vietnamese-English translations and some solutions to improve these errors I would really appreciate if you can give me some minutes to fill out this questionnaire What is your name: ………………………… Class: ……………………… a How you feel about translating from Vietnamese into English? A Difficult B Quite difficult C Difficult D Very difficult b In your opinion, how important is English grammar in translating from Vietnamese into English? A Not important B Quite important C Important D Very important 10 In your opinion, what is the factor that cause common grammatical errors? A The influence of mother tongue B Poor knowledge of English grammar C Laziness of students D Others: 11 How should you to improve your English grammar? A Reading English grammar materials B Doing grammar exercises regularly C Go to an English center D Using Internet to exchange information about English grammar E Others: ... the common grammatical errors in translating from Vietnamese into English of English Major students at Thuongmai University In addition, the study aims at investigating some factors 33 causing... "A study on common grammatical errors in translating Vietnamese -English encountered by English majored students at Thuongmai University " I hope this study will help English Faculty students at. .. The study on ? ?grammatical errors by English major students? ?? was implemented by Vu Thi Ngoc Linh at HaiPhong private university This study investigated only some common grammatical errors such as