A critical discourse analysis of power in d j trump’s inaugural speech

VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST-GRADUATE STUDIES ****************** NGUYỄN THỊ MINH TÂM A CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF POWER IN TRUMP’S INAUGURAL SPEECH (Bài phân tích diễn ngơn phê phán việc sử dụng quyền lực phát biểu nhậm chức Tổng Thống Mỹ D.J Trump) M.A MINOR PROGRAMME THESIS Field : English Linguistics Code : 8220201.01 Hanoi – 2019 VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST-GRADUATE STUDIES ****************** NGUYỄN THỊ MINH TÂM A CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF POWER IN TRUMP’S INAUGURAL SPEECH (Bài phân tích diễn ngôn phê phán việc sử dụng quyền lực phát biểu nhậm chức Tổng Thống Mỹ D.J Trump) M.A MINOR PROGRAMME THESIS Field : English Linguistics Code : 8220201.01 Supervisor : Prof Dr NGUYỄN HÒA Hanoi - 2019 DECLARATION I hereby warrant that this thesis granted “A Critical Discourse Analysis of Power in D.J.Trump’s inaugural Speech” is a study of my own research for the Degree of Master of Arts at the University of language and International Studies Vietnam National University, and the thesis has never been published in any forms Hanoi, 2019 Nguyễn Thị Minh Tâm i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS For the fulfillment of this study, first and foremost, I would like to express my deep gratitude and appreciation to my supervisor, Prof Nguyễn Hòa, the lecturer at Faculty of Postgraduate Studies, ULIS, VNU for his enthusiastic and valuable suggestions, comments as well as his advice I would like to thank all the lecturers of Faculty of Postgraduate Studies, ULIS, VNU, for their training and support in all my M.A.study process implement this M.A thesis Besides, I would like to express my thanks to all the faculty specialists who helped me a lot Finally, I also would like to express my deep thanks to my family and friends for their love, support and encouragement ii ABSTRACT This study presents a CDA of the Inaugural Speech of Presidential Donald th Trump which was delivered on 20 , January 2017 The data in this research is a th Trump‟s speech published on December , 2017, on CNN channel, on YouTube The main purpose of this analysis is to explore and discover the relationships between language, ideology and power through social practice, discourse process of Donald Trump‟s speech, based mainly on Fairclough‟s CDA framework (1992, 2001): Description, Interpretation, and Explanation, it also focused on the analysis of language features, the relationship between situational and intertextual context, and social process The method applied in this research is descriptive qualitative method The results of the analysis have shown that Trump used soft skills to express his ideology, his own way to inspire the Americans, to give the future plans and lead the Americans to follow him, with strategies to get vast support and trust from the Americans iii iv TABLES OF CONTENTS DECLARATION i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ii ABSTRACT iii ABBREVIATIONS iv TABLES OF CONTENTS v LIST OF TABLES vii LIST OF FIGURES viii CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Rationale .1 Aims of the study 1.3 Method of the study 1.4 Scope of the study 1.5 Significance of the study 1.6 Structure of the thesis CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW& THEORETICAL BACKGROUND5 2.1 Defining CDA 2.2 Some key concepts in CDA 2.2.1.Ideology 2.2.2.Power 2.2.3.Discourse 2.3 CDA approaches 11 2.3.1.The socio – cognitive approach by Teun van Dijk 11 2.3.2 The discourse – historical approach by Ruth Wodak 12 2.3.3.The dialectical – relational approach by Norman Fairclough .13 2.4 Review of previous studies 17 CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 20 v 3.1 Data 20 3.2 Social context of the speech 21 3.3 Analytical framework 22 CHAPTER 4: FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION 27 4.1 Textual description and analysis 27 4.1.1.Vocabulary analysis 27 4.1.2 Grammar features 32 4.1.3.Transitivity 37 4.1.4.Macro – structure of the text 38 4.2 Interpretation of the relationship between the productive and interpretative processes 41 4.3.Explanation of the relationship between discourse and social process 43 CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION 46 Recapitulation and Conclusion 46 Limitations 48 Implications and Recommendations for further study 48 REFERENCES 49 APPENDICES I APPENDIX I APPENDIX III APPENDIX VIII APPENDIX XIII APPENDIX XIX APPENDIX XXIV vi LIST OF TABLES Table Overview of process types (adapted from Halliday, 1994) 16 Table 2: Common pronouns in the speech 32 Table 3: The summary of transitivity analysis data 38 vii APPENDIX Transitivity analysis Clause 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 XIII 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 45 XIV 46 47 48 49 50 51 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 XV 70 71 72 75 76 77 78 80 82 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 98 99 100 XVI 101 102 103 104 105 107 108109 110 111 114 115 116 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 XVII 127 128 129 130 131 132 XVIII Clause to Togeth years to We will We wil But we Every f and pea and we Michell Becaus 10 adminis but we 11 back to 40 We are 44 We sha For ma 46 Americ allowin we've d 47 own; an 49 We've m 56 And no XIX We ass 57 every c We mu 61 making jobs 66 We wil 67 We will 68 We will 69 And we We will 70 and tun We wil 71 our cou 72 We wil 75 We will 76 but we 78 We n 80 We will 84 we will 89 We mus 93 and w We will 94 law enf 95 we are 96 Finally XX 97 and dre 98 In Ame 99 that a n 100 We will no longer accept politicians 107 We will not fail We stand at the birth of a new millennium, ready to unlock the 110 mysteries of space, to free the Earth from the miseries of disease, and to harness the energies, industries and technologies of tomorrow 116 that whether we are black or brown or white, 117 we all bleed the same red blood of patriots, 118 we all enjoy the same glorious freedoms 119 and we all salute the same great American Flag 128 Together, We will make America strong again 129 We will make wealthy again 130 We will make America proud again 131 We will make America safe again And yes, together, we will make America great again Thank you God 132 bless you And God bless America Instances of the use of “OUR” in the text Clause We, the citizens of America, are now joined in a great national effort to rebuild our country and to restore its promise for all of our people 12 For too long, a small group in our nation's Capital has reaped the rewards of government 19 The establishment protected itself, but not the citizens of our country 21 and while they celebrated in our nation's capital, there was little to celebrate for struggling families all across our land 27 What truly matters is not which party controls our government, 28 but whether our government is controlled by the people 30 The forgotten men and women of our country will be forgotten no longer XXI 36 But for to and child factories s an educati 37 but which knowledge 38 41 and their 42 Their drea 43 and their s 47 we've defe own; 50 and confid 52 and left o millions of 53 The wealth 58 From this 61 We must p making ou 66 We will br 67 We will br 68 We will br 69 And we w 70 We will bu tunnels, an 71 We will ge our countr XXII 78 We not 82 At the bed States of A 83 and throu 84 we will red 89 We must sp 94 We will be law enforc 107 We will not 111 A new nati 112 lift our sig 113 and heal o 115 that old w 126 Your voice destiny XXIII Line We, the citizens of Am rebuild 32 our government is 33 January 20th 2017, w 66-67 The wealth of our mid redistributed across th 73-74 Every decision on tra be made to benefit Am 105 There should be no fe protected 106 We will be protected b 107 enforcement and, mos 114 Do not let anyone tell heart 125 And whether a child i windswept 127 the same dreams, and 131 You will never be igno XXIV ... concepts in CDA including power, ideology, discourse and some approaches to CDA are also presented in this part 2.1 Defining CDA The roots of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) lie in classical Rhetoric,... have focused on the presidential inaugural speech which attracted a great deal of attention around the world, made many researchers interested in CDA is because Critical Discourse Analysis more... Textlinguistics and Sociolinguistics, as well as in Applied Linguistics and Pragmatics Critical discourse analysis is an interdisciplinary study of discourse that views “language as social practice”