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REVISION FOR THE SECOND SEMSTER REVIEW FOR THE SECOND TERM GRADE 12 PHONETICS Pronounced I. Cách phát âm đi s ,es – 1.Nếu từ kết thúc bằng s, ss, ch, sh, x,z (ze), o, ge, ce thì ta phát âm là /iz/ Mẹo để nhớ: "sẵnsàngchungshứcxinzơg ópcơm"vd: changes/ iz/ ; practices/ iz/ 2. Nếu từ kết thúc bằng :/ð/,k,p t, f thì phát âm là /s/: cooks /s/ ; stops / s/ Mẹo để nhớ : 'thời phong kiến phương tây" Lưu ý : ' laugh ' phiên âm là : [la: f ] nên khi chia : laughs đọc là /s/ ( từ đặc biệt cần nhớ) 3.Những từ cịn lại phát âm là /z/ : plays /z/, stands /z/… II. Cách phát âm đi ed: 1.Đọc là /t/ nếu động từ kết thúc bằng : – ch,p, f,s,k, th,sh Mẹo để nhớ: " chínhphủphátsáchkhơngthèm share (chia sẻ)" vd : watched /t/ 2. Đọc là /id/ nếu động từ kết thúc là: – t ,d vd: wanted /id/ ; decided /id/… 3. Những từ cịn lại đọc là/d/ Stress Ngun tắc đánh trọng âm: Ngun tắc 1: Phần lớn động từ và giới từ có 2 âm tiết có trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ hai relax /rɪˈlỉks/, produce /prə’duːs/, include /ɪnˈkluːd/, among /əˈmʌŋ/, between /bɪˈtwiːn/, aside /əˈsaɪd/, begin /bɪ ˈɡɪn/, become /bɪˈkʌm/, forget /fərˈɡet/, enjoy /ɪnˈdʒɔɪ/, discover /dɪˈskʌvər/ Ngun tắc 2: Hầu hết danh từ và tính từ có 2 âm tiết đều có trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ nhất (n) action /ˈỉkʃn/, paper /ˈpeɪpər/ , teacher /ˈtiːtʃər/, (adj) happy /ˈhỉpi/, rainy /ˈreɪni/, active /ˈỉktɪv/ Ngun tắc 3: Với những từ có 3 âm tiết trở lên, trọng âm thường rơi vào âm tiết thứ 3 tính từ cuối lên economy /ɪˈkɑːnəmi/, industry /ˈɪndəstri/, intelligent /ɪnˈtelɪdʒənt/, specialize /ˈspeʃəlaɪz/, geography /dʒi ˈɑːɡrəfi/ Ngun tắc 4: Các từ tận cùng bằng các đi – ic, – ish, – ical, – sion, – tion, – ance, – ence, – idle, – ious, – iar, – ience, – id, – eous, – ian, – ity thì thì trọng âm nhấn vào âm tiết ngay trước nó : economic /ˌiːkəˈnɑːmɪk/, foolish /ˈfuːlɪʃ/, entrance /ˈentrəns/, famous /ˈfeɪməs, nation /ˈneɪʃn/, celebrity /sə ˈlebrəti/, musician /mjuˈzɪʃn/ Ngun tắc 5: Các từ có hậu tố: – ee, – eer, – ese, – ique, – esque , – ain thì trọng âm rơi vào chính âm tiết đó agree /əˈɡriː/, volunteer /ˌvɑːlənˈtɪr/, Vietnamese /ˌvjetnəˈmiːz/, retain /rɪˈteɪn/, maintain /meɪnˈteɪn/, unique /ju ˈniːk/ Ngun tắc 6: Các từ có hậu tố: – ment, – ship, – ness, – er/ or, – hood, – ing, – en, – ful, – able, – ous, – less thì trọng âm chính của từ khơng thay đổi agree /əˈɡriː/, agreement /əˈɡriːmənt/, meaning /ˈmiːnɪŋ/ meaningless /ˈmiːnɪŋləs/, rely /rɪˈlaɪ/ à reliable /rɪ ˈlaɪəbl/, poison /ˈpɔɪzn/, poisonous /ˈpɔɪzənəs/,happy /ˈhỉpi/ , happiness /ˈhỉpinəs/, relation /rɪˈleɪʃn/ , relationship /rɪˈleɪʃnʃɪp/ Nguyên tắc 7: Các từ tận cùng – graphy, – ate, – gy, – cy, – ity, – phy, – al thì trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ 3 từ dưới lên economical /ˌiːkəˈnɑːmɪkl/, demoracy /dɪˈmɑːkrəsi/, technology /tekˈnɑːlədʒi/, geography /dʒiˈɑːɡrəfi/, photography /fəˈtɑːɡrəfi/, investigate /ɪnˈvestɪɡeɪt/ VO NGUYEN GIAP HIGH SCHOOL Page 1 REVISION FOR THE SECOND SEMSTER Nguyên tắc 8: Danh từ ghép: Trọng âm thường rơi vào âm tiết thứ 1 birthday /ˈbɜːrθdeɪ/, airport /ˈerpɔːrt/, gateway /ˈɡeɪtweɪ/, boyfriend /ˈbɔɪfrend/, greenhouse /ˈɡriːnhaʊs/, seafood /ˈsiːfuːd/ toothpaste /ˈtuːθpeɪst/ Ngun tắc 9: Tính từ ghép (thường có dấu gạch ngang ở giữa): Trọng âm rơi vào từ thứ hai badTEMpered, oldFashioned, oneEYEd, wellDONE Chú ý: Trọng âm của từ thường thay đổi khi chuyển từ danh từ thành động từ, tính từ hay trạng từ Politics political – politician Compete – competitive – competition Economy – economical – economize necessary – necessarily – necessity Practice Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions 1. A. proofs B. books C. points D. days 2. A. asks B. breathes C. breaths D. hopes 3. A. sees B. sports C. pools D. trains 4. A. tombs B. lamps C. brakes D. invites 5. A. books B. floors C. combs D. drums 6. A. cats B. tapes C. rides D. cooks 7. A. walks B. begins C. helps D. cuts 8. A. shoots B. grounds C. concentrates D. forests 9. A. boxes B. classes C. potatoes D. finishes 10. A. resources B. stages C. preserves D. focuses 11. A. worked B. stopped C. forced D. wanted 12. A. kissed B. helped C. forced D. raised 13. A. confused B. faced C. cried D. defined 14. A. devoted B. suggested C. provided D. wished 15. A. matched B. crashed C. occupied D. coughed 16. A. agreed B. missed C. liked D. watched 17. A. measured B. pleased C. distinguished D. managed 18. A. wounded B. routed C. wasted D. risked 19. A. imprisoned B. pointed C. shouted D. surrounded 20. A. failed B. reached C. absorbed D. Solved Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions 1. A. pollute B. contractual C. reject D. marvelous 2. A. mechanic B. military C. apologize D. miraculous 3. A. compulsory B. intensity C. kidding D. invaluable 4. A. nursery B. focus C. delicate D. secure 5. A. curriculum B. kindergarten C. contaminate D. conventional 6. A. apology B. industrial C. industry D. disaster 7. A. interview B. certificate C. applicant D. primary VO NGUYEN GIAP HIGH SCHOOL Page 2 REVISION FOR THE SECOND SEMSTER 8. A. certificate 9. A. scientific 10. A. especially 11. A. importance 12. A. aspect 13. A. terrific 14. A. recognize 15. A. continent 16. A. appalling 17. A. policeman 18. A. competition 19. A. accountant 20. A. attention B. apartment B. available B. comfortably B. subtraction B. compete B. applicant B. challenge B. belong B. ashamed B. cinema B. intelligent B. Arabic B. interesting C. individual D. biology C. suspicious D. supportive C. carefully D. possibly C. algebra D. example C. require D. successful C. banking D. ignorant C. symbolize D. continue C. master D. access C. November D. architect C. overcoat D. politics C. automation D. information C. Germany D. chemistry C. Influence D. television VOCABULARY I. Mark the letter A,B,C or D on your sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions: 1. In Africa, many children die from not having enough food A poverty B. starvation C. drought D. malnutrition 2. Jack still went ahead with his ambitious plan despite the fact that it was a risky investment A. unserious B. dangerous C. safe D. complex 3. Birds are at their most vulnerable when they leave their nests and find food on their own A. strong B. susceptible C. powerful D. invincible 4. The regional authorities failed to provide the poor with essential services such as accommodation, fresh water and electricity A. dispensable B. trivial C. unnecessary D. vital 5. . The doctor decided to give her a thorough examination so that he could identify the causes of her illness A. set up B. make out C. get over D. look up II. Mark the letter A, B, C, 1. After five days on trial, the court found him innocent of the crime and he was released A. cheating B. innovative C. naïve D. guilty 2. It was such a complicated task that I couldn’t do it myself A. difficult B. simple C. complex D. problematic 3. I’m in a good mood for being accepted to work for global enterprise A. refused B. received C. recognized D. allowed 4. Anna volunteered to work for a charitable organization with a view to helping disabled children A. poor B. mental C. normal D. handicapped 5. At the end of the movie, the homeless family was reunited after the civil war A. separated B. gettogether C. joined D. meet again COMMUNICATION EXCHANGES Communication exchanges: Invitations and suggestions VO NGUYEN GIAP HIGH SCHOOL Page 3 REVISION FOR THE SECOND SEMSTER + Let’s + Why don’t you + bare inf Ex: Let’ go to the cinema tonight + Shall we + Would you like + Are you free + toinf + Do you feel like + Ving + How about Ex: Would you like to play football? Ex: How about going out now? WH questions and their answers Ex: How often do you go to the concert? Once a month Mark the letter A,B,C or D to indicate the correct response to each of the following exchanges 1. “Here’s your electricity bill, sir.” “ ” A. But I have no money, sorry B. Can you come again tomorrow? C. It’s kind of you, thanks D. Would you take a check? 2. “Hello. Could I speak to the manager, please?” “ ” A. No, you can’t B. Yes, speaking C. Hello. But could you? D. I’m answering you now. 3: “How did you get here?” “ ” A. I came here by train B. I came here last night C. The train is so crowded D. Is it far from here? 4. “ ?” “No, that’s about it for now” A. Anything else B. Nothing to declare C. What’s on your mind D. When can we stop 5. “Do you like reading detective story?” – “ ” A. What for? B. Of course, I do C. Why should I? D. No, don’t ask me 6. “So long!” – “ ” A. Hello! How are you? B. Cheer up, my dear! C. I’m please to meet you D. Goodbye, and take care! 7. “Could you do me a favor, please?” “ ” A. What? I can help you? B. Yes. That’s very kind of you C. Sure. What can I do for you? D. No, thanks. I;m right 8. “Do you like the advanced training course you’re taking, James?” “ ” A. No, not everyone B. No, thanks C. Not me, I’m still waiting D. By and large, yes. 9: “Would you mind checking the report for me?” – “ ” A. No, you please do it B. No, no, I don’t mind C. Yes. I would. Sorry D. Why do I have to do it? 10: “I’m sorry. I do apologize” – “ ” A. It was a pleasure B. No, don’t say so C. That’s all right D. Yes, but why? 11: “Can I leave early today, Ms Luc?” – “ ” A. It’s very kind of you B. Yes, but not before 3.30 C. Alright, not at all D. You’re welcome 12: “Many happy returns of the day” – “ ” A. Thank you B. Good luck! C. Congratulation! D. The same to you LEXICAL GRAMMAR I/ MODAL VERBS VO NGUYEN GIAP HIGH SCHOOL Page 4 REVISION FOR THE SECOND SEMSTER A. MODALS IN ACTIVE 1. COULD/ MAY/ MIGHT Could/ may/ might (có thể): chỉ một khả năngđiễn tả những gì mà người nói cảm thấy chưa chắc chắn lắm Maybe it will rain tomorrow Possibly, maybe = perhaps: có lẽ. có khả năng (chỉ dự đốn) Ex: I don’t know where Lan is. Maybe she is in her room I may go to the beach or stay at home in this summer holidays 2. SHOULD: Được dùng để diễn tả: Một lời đề nghị, lời khun 3. MUST: Được dùng để diễn tả Trách nhiệm hoặc bổn phận. Must có nghĩa mạnh hơn should. Với should ta có một sự lựa chọn làm hoặc khơng làm nhưng với mustsẽ khơng có sự lựa chọn Ex: An automobile must have gasoline to run + mustn’t chỉ sự ngăn cấm Ex: You mustn’t drive on the left 4. HAVE TO Have to có nghĩa gần như must, nhưng khơng mang tính bắt buộc mà chỉ thấy cần phải làm Ex: I need some meat. I have to go to the butcher’s Does your father have to go at once? 5. COULD/ MAY/ MIGHT + HAVE + P.P Hình thức này được dùng để chỉ khả năng trong q khứ Ex: It may have rained last night, but I’m not sure John might have gone to the movies yesterday 6. SHOULD + HAVE +P.P Hình thức này để chỉ một bổn phận, trách nhiệm được cho là xảy ra ở q khứ, nhưng vì một lý do nào đó đã khơng xảy ra Ex: John should have gone to the post office this morning. (He did not go to the post office) Maria shouldn’t have called John last night. (she did call him) VO NGUYEN GIAP HIGH SCHOOL Page 5 REVISION FOR THE SECOND SEMSTER 7. MUST + HAVE + P.P: chỉ một sự suy luận hợp lý trong q khứ Jane did very well on the exam. She must have studied hard Mary looks very tired. She must have stayed up late last night B. MODALS IN PASSIVE In the present: MODAL +BE + P.P In the past: MODAL + HAVE + BEEN + P.P II/ SO THEREFORE – BUT – HOWEVER: 1. SO : vì vậy ( chỉ ngun nhân, hậu quả) => “So” khơng đứng đầu câu (trong văn viết), thường đứng giữa câu và trước có dấu phẩy Ex: The rain began to fall, so we went to home 2. THEREFORE: vì thế => “Therefore” đứng đầu câu, sau đó có dấu phảy => “Therefore” đứng giữa câu, trước có dấu chấm phảy, sau có dấu phảy hoặc khơng có, hoặc có dấu phảy cả trước và sau Ex: He broke the rules of the school; therefore he had to punished * CHÚ Ý: “So” dùng thơng dụng trong văn nói, “therefore” trang trọng hơn, thường dùng trong văn viết 3. BUT: nhưng ( chỉ sự tương phản hồn tồn) => “But” khơng đứng đầu câu (trong văn viết), thường đứng giữa câu và trước có dấu phảy Ex: It was midnight, but the restaurant was still open 4. HOWEVER: tuy nhiên (nó thể hiện sự nhượng bộ, cũng nói về sự trái ngược nhưng khơng đối nghịch nhau hồn tồn, và ý định nhận mạnh phần sau hơn phần trước) => “However” đứng đầu câu, sau đó có dấu phảy => “However” đứng giữa câu, trước có dấu chấm phảy, sau có dấu phảy hoặc khơng có Ex: Lan is a very good student; however Hung is much better than her. * CHÚ Ý: “But” dùng thơng dụng trong văn nói, “however” trang trọng hơn, thường dùng trong văn viết III/ TRANSITIVE AND IN TRANSITIVE VERBS : NGOẠI ĐỘNG TỪ VÀ NỘI ĐỘNG TỪ 1. TRANSITIVE VERBS: NGOẠI ĐỘNG TỪ => Là những động từ cần có đối tượng tiếp nhận hành động(tân ngữ) theo sau thì nghĩa của câu mới đầy đủ VO NGUYEN GIAP HIGH SCHOOL Page 6 REVISION FOR THE SECOND SEMSTER => Phần thơng tin phía sau động từ trả lời cho câu hỏi: AI, CÁI GÌ => ride, find, finish, read, write, meet, kill, help, climb, clean, catch,teach, study, build, buy, sell, cook, paint, take, tell, watch…………………………………… Ex: He drove the boat very fast Ex: I met Ba at the bus stop early in the morning 2 INTRANSITIVE VERBS NỘI ĐỘNG TỪ => Là những động từ khơng cần có đối tượng tiếp nhận hành động(tân ngữ) theo sau ,mà nghĩa của câu vẫn đầy đủ => Phần thơng tin phía sau động từ trả lời cho câu hỏi: Ở ĐÂU, KHI NÀO, NHƯ THẾ NÀO => walk, sleep, grow, arrive, lie, rain, exist, occur, breathe, run,cry, go, fall, happen, sit, stand, swim, …… Ex: We walked down town after work yesterday Ex: The baby was crying in the room IV/ Comparison So sánh bằng ( positive form) S + BE + AS + Adj + AS + Noun/ Pronoun/ clause Ex: * She is as tall as me S be adj pr * My hands were as cold as ice. S + V + AS + Adv + AS + Noun/ Pronoun/ clause Ex: She sings as well as her sister V adv N S + V (not)+ as/ so + adj/ adv + as + Noun/ Pronoun/ clause Ex: This flat is not as/ so big as our old one I couldn’t run as/ so fast as him. ( as he runs ) * Notes: so sánh bằng nhau hoặc như nhau cịn có thể thay thế bằng cấu trúc the same as VO NGUYEN GIAP HIGH SCHOOL Page 7 REVISION FOR THE SECOND SEMSTER S + V (not)+ the same + ( Noun ) as+ Noun/ Pronoun Ex: Tom is as old as Mary = Tom is the same age as Mary Tom’s salary as much as Mary’s = Tom’s salary is the same as Mary’s less ………… than = not …as/ so … as (kém hơn, không bằng) Ex: This dress is less expensive than that one = This dress isn’t as / so expensive as that one Khi nói gấp bao nhiêu lần ta dùng cấu trúc: Twice as…. as; three times as…….as Ex: Their house is about three times as big as ours Petrol is twice as expensive as it was a few years ago So sánh hơn (comparative form) Tính từ ,trạng từ ngắn (short adj, adv): là những tính từ,trạng từ có 1 âm tiết hoặc những tính từ, trạng từ có 2 âm tiết mà kết thúc bằng er, ow, y, le S + V (not)+ short adj/adv + er + than + Noun/ Pronoun/ Clause EX: She is taller than me She runs faster than me Tính từ, trạng từ dài (long adj, adv): là những tính từ hoặc trạng từ có từ 2 âm tiết trở lên S + V (not)+ more + long adj/adv + than + Noun/ Pronoun/ Clause Ex: Her watch is more expensive than mine Jane speaks English more fluently than me NOTES: so sánh hơn có thể được nhấn mạnh bằng cách thêm much hoặc far trước hình thức so sánh. Ngồi ra a lot, a bit, a little, rather cũng có thể được dùng trong cấp so sánh hơn EX: Her watch is much/ far more expensive than mine trong lối văn thân mật, tân ngữ của đại từ nhân xưng (me, you, us, them, her, him, it) thường được dùng sau as hoặc than Ex: He is older than me VO NGUYEN GIAP HIGH SCHOOL Page 8 REVISION FOR THE SECOND SEMSTER Trong lối văn trang trọng, đại từ nhân xưng thường được dùng (thường đi với động từ hoặc trợ động từ) Ex: They have more money than we have Jane speaks English more fluently than I do more và most được dùng để thành lập hình thức so sánh của các trạng từ bằng đi – ly (ngoại trừ trường hợp early.) một số tính từ hai âm tiết có thể có cả 2 hình thức so sánh (er/more và – est/ most ) EX: It’s too noisy here. Can we go somewhere quieter/ more quiet? So sánh nhất (superlative form) S + V (not) the + short adj/ adv + est + Noun Ex: I’m the happiest man in the world S + V (not) the +most + long adj/ adv + Noun EX: Love is the most important thing So sánh kép (double comparatives) so sánh đồng tiến (càng…… càng): diễn đạt sự cùng thay đổi (tăng thêm hoặc giảm đi về số lượng hoặc mức độ) của sự việc => THE + ADJ / ADV + ER + S +V, THE + ADJ / ADV + ER + S +V Ex: The bigger the room is , the better I feel => THE MORE+ ADJ / ADV + S + V, THE MORE+ ADJ / ADV + S + V Ex: The more polluted the water is , the more dangerous our lives become => THE MORE +N + S + V, THE MORE +N + S + V Ex: The more money he gets , the more food he buys => THE MORE + S + V , THE MORE + S + V Ex: The more I think , the more I worry EX: The more dangerous it is, the more I like it VO NGUYEN GIAP HIGH SCHOOL Page 9 REVISION FOR THE SECOND SEMSTER The older I get, the happier I am so sánh lũy tiến (càng ngày càng): diễn đạt sự tăng dần hoặc giảm dần 1 cách liên tục …er and …er và more and more được dùng để diễn đạt sự tăng dần S + V + short adj/ adv + er + and + short adj/ adv + er……. EX: Betty is younger and younge PHRASAL VERBS 1. Định nghĩa Cụm động từ (Phrasal verbs) là sự kết hợp giữa một động từ và một từ nhỏ (particle). Từ nhỏ, particle(s), này có thể là một trạng từ (adverb), hay là một giới từ (preposition), hoặc là cả hai: Ex: The rich man gave away most of his fortune ( Người giàu có ấy tặng hầu hết tài sản của ơng ta cho người nghèo.) 2. Cách dùng PHRASAL VERBS CĨ THỂ ĐĨNG VAI TRỊ là: – ngoại động từ (transitive): theo sau là một danh từ hoặc là một đại danh từ với chức năng là túc từ (object) của động từ – nội động từ (intransitive): khơng có túc từ theo sau NỘI ĐỘNG TỪ: Intransitive phrasal verbs – Khơng có túc từ – động từ cùng particle (thường là trạng từ adverb) ln đi sát nhau: Ex: The magazine Time comes out once a week ( Báo Time được phát hành mỗi tuần một lần.) Ex: Our car broke down and had to be towed to a garage ( Xe chúng tơi bị hư và phải kéo về chỗ sửa.) – Cũng như các nội động từ thường, khơng có túc từ đi theo, loại phrasal verb này khơng dùng ở thể thụ động (passive) nên bạn khơng nghe dân bản xứ nói “Our car was broken down…”, “ The magazine Time is come out…” – Một số intransitive phrasal verbs thơng dụng: break down, come back, fall through, get by, get up, go on, grow up, look out, show up, shut up, sit down, stand up, stay on, take off, turn up, watch out… NGOẠI ĐỘNG TỪ: Transitive phrasal verbs Được chia làm HAI NHĨM, tùy theo vị trí của túc từ: – NHĨM 1: có thể ở giữa động từ và ‘particle’ hoặc đi sau ‘particle’: Ex: I took my shoes off./ I took off my shoes ( Tơi cởi giầy ra.) Ex: He admitted he’d made up the whole thing./ He admitted he’d made the whole thing up ( Anh ta thú nhận rằng đã bịa ra mọi chuyện.) – NHĨM 2: Nhưng khi túc từ là một đại danh từ (những chữ như this, that, it, them,me,her và him thì đại danh từ này sẽ đứng ở giữa động từ và ‘particle’: Ex: I took them off. (NOT I took off them) Ex: He admitted he’d made it up. (NOT He admitted he’d made up it) NGOẠI LÊ: VO NGUYEN GIAP HIGH SCHOOL Page 10 REVISION FOR THE SECOND SEMSTER Có nhiều phrasal verbs vừa có thể là transitive hoặc intransitive. Ngữ cảnh sẽ cho chúng ta biết chức năng cùng với nghĩa của chúng: Ex: The plane took off at seven o’clock.(Máy bay cất cánh lúc 7 giờ.) – He took off his hat and bowed politely as the teacher passed. (Nó cất mũ cúi mình chào lễ phép khi thầy đi ngang.) – I am taking this Friday off to get something done around the house. ( Tơi sẽ nghỉ thứ sáu để làm việc nhà) – He’s been taken off the medication. (Nó vừa được ngừng uống thuốc.) – Son takes off his English teacher perfectly. ( Sơn bắt chước ơng thầy người Anh rất tài.) PRACTICE A VERB FORMS I was sad when I sold my car. I _it for a very long time A. am running B. were running C. have been running D. had been running She said she _ A. was very tired last night B. was very tired the night before C. had been very tired last night D. had been very tired the night before This picture _ by Johnny when I came A. painted B. was painted C. was being painted D. had been painted Last night a tornado swept through Rockville. It everything in its path A. destroyed B. was destroyed C. was being destroyed D. had been destroyed No one who _visited the Sydney Opera House is likely to forget it A. will have B. would have C. had ever D. has ever She asked me _ my holidays _ A. where I spent / the previous year B. where I had spent / the previous year C. where I spent / last year D. where did I spend / last year This restaurant is said _ more choice of seafood than any others in the area A. to have B. have C. having D. to have been Why did Beth ask you _ a bicycle ? A. that if you had B. do you have C. that you had D. if you had “ _taking me downtown on your way to work this morning.? ” A. Can you B. why don’t you C. Would you mind D. Could you please 10 My teacher said that a school _ in the village next year A. will build B. will be built C. would build D. would be built 11 It’s two years _ Joe A. that I don’t see B. that I haven’t seen C. since I didn’t see D. since I last saw 12 _ a car when you were living in London? A. Had you B. Were you having C. Have you had D. did you have 13 In the movie, a teenager _ to pursue a singing career meets resistance from his strongwilled father A. wants B. wanted C. wanting D. who want 14 What was the problem? Why _ leave early? A. had you to B. did you have to C. must you D. you had to 15 I’m not tired enough to go to bed. If I _ to bed now, I wouldn’t sleep A. go B. went C. had go D. would go 16 I _ tennis a lot but I don’t play very often now VO NGUYEN GIAP HIGH SCHOOL Page 11 REVISION FOR THE SECOND SEMSTER A. was playing B. was used to play C. used to play D. am used to playing 17 Where _ ? Which hairdresser did you go to ? A. did you cut your hair B. have you cut long hair C. did you have cut your hair D. did you have your hair cut. 18 Julia is on holiday. She _ to Italy A. is gone B. has gone C. has been D. had been 19 You’re out of breath. _ ? A. Are you running B. Have you run C. Have you been running D. Had you run 20 “Ann is in hospital.” “Yes, I know. _ her this evening. ” A. I visit B. I’m going to visit C. I’ve visited D. I’ll visit 21 Hello, Jim, I didn’t expect to see you today. Sonia said you ill A. are B. were C. was D. should be 22 much television is not a healthy habit for a growing child A. To be watched B. Being watched C. watching D. watch 23 You _ throw litter on the streets A mustn’t B. couldn’t C. needn’t D. won’t 24 You have been reading for hours. This book ………be very interesting A. can B. might C. must D. should 25 Unless you all of my questions, I can’t do anything to help you. A. answer B. don’t answer C. would answer D. are answering 26 You _ look after this valuable book carefully and mustn’t lose it A. can B. must C. might D. should 27 New research suggests that exercise _ reduce the chance of heart disease as well as cancer A. must B. should C. would D. can 28 No one has better qualifications. Carol is certain _chosen for the job A.√ B. having C. to be D. being 29 I put my keys on the table, but now it’s gone. Someone _have taken it A. may B. had to C. should D. would rather 30 We were made _ all the cleaning in the house. A. to do B. do C. doing D. done 31 If you _to my advice in the first place, you wouldn’t be in this mess right now A. listen B. will listen C. had listened D. listened 32 Monkeys belong to the group of animals _as primates A. know B. knowing C. known D. to know 33 A huge tree crashed through the bedroom roof and broke my bed and most of the other furniture _in the room, I would have been killed A. Should I be B. Would I have been C. Had I been D. Would I be 34 “Have you ever met the man _ over there.” “No, who is he?” A. stands B. standing C. is standing D. who he is standing 35 These books will be bought by people _ in Latin American history A. who interested B. interested C. are interested D. they are interested 36 That car is cheap. ……… , I don’t like it A. So B. But C. However D. Anywhere VO NGUYEN GIAP HIGH SCHOOL Page 12 REVISION FOR THE SECOND SEMSTER 37 “What did your grammar teacher want to talk to you about?” “I did badly on the last test. She studied for it.” A. said why hadn’t I B. asked why hadn’t I C. said why I hadn’t D. asked why I hadn’t 38 “My brother wants to get to Hong Kong today.” “……… today, he would be there by Sunday.” A. Were he to leave B. If he will leave C. Were he left D. Left 39 Tom ……… his newspaper here on purpose so that you can read it A. had left B. has left C. left D. would leave 40 By the time we return to school again, our form teacher ……… A. will be retired B. will be retiring C. will have been retired D. will have been retiring B LINKING WORDS I. Read the passage below and complete the sentences with the linking words from the box. You should use each word once only although however then otherwise and or if because so while A few weeks ago, I did some ironing (1)……… (2)………… went out to do some shopping . (3).……… I was out, I realized that I couldn't remember whether I had switched the iron off (4)………… left it on. (5) ………. I had left it on, the house might be on fire! I was really worried (6) …………I ran home at once. (7)………… , I needn't have worried (8)…………. , (9)……… I had left the iron on, everything was all right. It was a good thing I got home in time, (10) ……… things could have turned out very differently II. Multiple choice Ann quit her job at the advertising agency, ………. surprised everyone A. who B. that C. which D. that it The workers have gone on strike. ……… , all production has ceased A. Because B. So that C. Therefore D. However Jason has become ………. famous that he now ignores his old friends. He shouldn’t do that A. such B. so C. so much D. too We often go to Florida the winter A. while B. until C. during D. since “My writing has improved a lot in this class.” “Mine has, too. All the students ………do well in writing.” A. whom Mr. David teaches them B. which Mr. David teaches C. that Mr. David teaches them D. Mr. David teaches The professor told me that I was doing well, ………… my final grade was awful A. so B. therefore C. in spite of D. yet Carol showed up for the meeting ………. I asked her not to be there A. even though B. despite C. because of D. because VO NGUYEN GIAP HIGH SCHOOL Page 13 REVISION FOR THE SECOND SEMSTER The road will remain safe ……… the flood washes out the bridge A. as long as B. unless C. if D. since The severe drought ……… occurred last summer ruined the corn crop A. that it B. which it C. it D. that 10 Peter works hard at everything he does. His brother, …… , seldom put out much efforts. A. on the other hand B. otherwise C. even though D. consequently 11 Emily is motivated to study ………. she knows that a good education can improve her life A. therefore B. because of C. because D. so 12 Two of the factories in our small town have closed. ……… , unemployment is high A. Consequently B. Because C. So that D. For 13 Joan worked part time in a restaurant last summer………. money for school expenses A. because to earn B. for she earned C. so she earned D. so that she could earn 14 last week, he had never ridden a motorbike before. A. Since B. Until C. After D. X 15 My friend Jack, ……… parents live in Glasgow, invited me to spend Christmas in Scotland A. that B. who C. whose D. whom 16 I couldn’t sleep ………. very tired A. although B. despite C. despite of being D. In spite of being 17 Sarah couldn’t meet us, ………… was a pity A. that B. it C. what D. which 18 “Did you remember to tell Mary ………… she should bring to the meeting tomorrow?” “Oh, I’m sorry. I completely forgot.” A. that B. what C. If D. that what 19 What is the name of the man………………? A. you borrowed his car B. which car you borrowed C. whose car you borrowed D. his car you borrowed 20 Is it true ………. the law says there is no smoking in restaurants in this city ? A. that what B. what C. if D. that 21 The new shopping mall is gigantic. It’s advertised as a place ………. you can find just about any thing you might want to buy A. where B. which C. in where D. in that 22 My mother asked me ……… had revised my lessons for the test A. that if I B. that I C. if or not I D. whether or not I 23 She enjoys learning English, _ she finds it very difficult A. but B. however C. so D. therefore 24 “Somebody forgot this hat. I wonder……… .” A. whose is this hat B. whose hat is C. whose hat this is D. is this whose hat 25 “Do you remember Mrs. Goddard , ………taught us English composition?” A. who B. whom C. that D which 26 ………….your help, I couldn’t do this test A. If B. Unless C. Without D. With 27 I’m not sure. I ……………… come a few minutes late A. must have B. need C. must D. may 28 I want to work as an interpreter in the future, , I am studying Japanese at university. VO NGUYEN GIAP HIGH SCHOOL Page 14 REVISION FOR THE SECOND SEMSTER A. but B. so C. however D. therefore 29 ……… the Asian crisis, the company’s profits fell by 15% during1997 A. In case B. Because of C. In spite of D. Even though 30 ……… it was raining, we decided to go for a walk A. While B. Whether C. Although D. Therefore Cloze Tests A. Choose the word which best fits each gap of the passage Since economic reforms were implemented in 1979, the Chinese government has (1) tourism as means of earning foreign currency. China’s tourism sector has developed(2) . rapidly. The government has constructed major hotels , increased air travel to China and within the country and opened (3) sites to tourists Millions of visitors travel to China for its beautiful landscapes, interesting and (4) . cultures and important historical attractions. The most (5) sites include the Great Wall in northern China, the Forbidden City in Beijing , the Bustling streets and markets of Shanghai 1) A). lifted B). raised C). increased D). promoted 2) A). so B). too C). many D). much 3). A). history B). historic C). historical D). historian 4) A). variety B). various C). diverse D). diversity 5). A). likeable B). favourite C). popular D). populous B. Choose the word which best fits each gap of the passage Deserts (1) . about 20 percent of the earth’s land area. The desert is a (2) environment with very little rainfall and extreme temperatures. Some deserts get both very hot during the day and very cold during the night. Some others , (3) . are always cold (for example, the Gobi Desert in Asia and the desert on the continent of Antarctica) Different animals live in different types of deserts. To avoid daytime heat, many desert animals burrow beneath the surface or hide in the shade during the day , (4) . at night to eat. Many desert animals (5) . drink at all; they get all the water they need from their food 1) A). lie B). cover C). have D). spread 2). A). harsh B). difficult C). terrible D). terrific 3). A). so B). but C). however D). therefore 4). A). emerge B). emerges C). emerging D). to emerge 5). A). need B). must C). mustn’t D). don’t have to C. Choose the word which best fits each gap of the passage Today, wildlife experts agree that elephants are in great danger and need human protection to survive. People have killed much of the elephant’s natural environment by clearing land for settlement and farms. Illegal hunting for ivory also (1) . the survival of wild elephants The (2) . of African elephants greatly declined in the 1970’s and 1980’s. Conservation groups worldwide worked to halt the decline . In 1989, all trade in (3) . and other elephants products was banned by the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITIES). This ban has helped stop the rapid decline of African elephants . In 1997, (4) , CITIES members agreed to allow Botswana, Namibia, and Zimbabwe to sell (5) amounts of ivory to Japan VO NGUYEN GIAP HIGH SCHOOL Page 15 REVISION FOR THE SECOND SEMSTER 1). 2). 3). 4). 5). A). frightens A). amount A). bone A). therefore A). limit B). threatens B). size B). Ivory B). moreover B). limitation C). terrifies C). numeral C). fur C). however C). limiting D). shocks D). number D). skin D). as a result D). limited D. Choose the word which best fits each gap of the passage Pandas are one of the (1) animals in the world. They live only in a small area in the mountains of Southwestern China. There are only 500 1,000 pandas (2) . in the wild and the number is decreasing all the time. There are about 100 (3) in zoos and research stations Although they are protected, pandas are still poached for their skin. Pandas live in mountain forests and can only eat bamboo.(4) . their habitat is getting smaller and smaller , they are in danger of dying (5) lack of suitable food 1). A). largest B). rarest C). smallest D). scarcest 2) A). survive B). survived C). surviving D). are surviving 3). A). more B). over C). of all D). at least 4). A). As B). Though C). However D). Because of 5). A). of B). for C). from D). with E. Choose the word which best fits each gap of the passage Water polo is a sport in which two teams in a pool try to score by throwing or pushing a hollow rubber ball into the opponents’ goal. A player who does so (1) ………. one point for his or her team A team consists of a goalie and six field players. The goalie can handle the ball with(2) ………. hands, but the field player s may use only one hand at a time. Players move the ball by passing it or swimming with it. Each time a team gets the ball , it has thirty five (3) ………. to try to score. If it doesn’t shoot the ball at the goal within that time, the other (4) …………. gets the ball. Men’s games are 28 minutes long and are divided into 7minute quarters. Women’s matches (5) ………24 minutes and are divided into 6minute quarters. Water polo originated in England in the 1870’s. 1) A). scores B). loses C). brings D). takes 2) A). all B). both C). either D). every 3) A). hours B). minutes C). seconds D).quarters 4) A). half B).mate C). player D).team 5) A). long B). last C).past D). lengthen F. Choose the word which best fits each gap of the passage There are books with fairy (1) in many countries. Often the same stories are known and repeated (2) many different languages. Some of the things that happen in these stories (3) remarkable , although not as remarkable (4) things that are truly happening in medicine and science today. Most fairy tales begin (5) “One upon a time ” and end with “They lived happily ever after.” Once upon a time, there was a girl (6) Cinderella who did all the work in the kitchen while her lazy sisters did (7) . One night her sister went to a ball at the palace. Cinderella was left at home , very sad. After a time her fairy godmother appeared and told Cinderella that she could go to the ball, but had to return home by midnight. So she went to the ball (8) a beautiful dress but at midnight she ran back home, (9) one of her shoes on the dance floor. The prince wanted to see her again and went to every house (10) he found VO NGUYEN GIAP HIGH SCHOOL Page 16 REVISION FOR THE SECOND SEMSTER that the shoe was the right size for Cinderella. She and the prince were married and lived happily ever after 1). A). tellers B). tales C). legends D). details 2). A). on B). at C). in D). with 3). A). are B). is C). was D). were 4). A). like B). as C). exactly D). same 5). A). in B). on C). with D). about 6). A). called B). name C). is called D). that called 7) A). something B). anything C). nothing D). everything 8) A). with B). in C). on D). along 9) A). forgetting B). missing C). losing D). leaving 10). A). until B). where C). when D). after Writing Choose the correct sentence among A, B, C or D which has the same meaning as the given one 1.She is sure to come to the concert A. I'm sure she came to the concert C. She is certain she came to the concert. B. She'll surely come to the concert D. She knows they will come to the concert 2.Although he lives far away from the office, he cycles to work A. He doesn’t live near the office, but he cycles to work B. He goes to work by bike in spite of living far away from the office C. Living far away from the office makes him cycle to work D. He cycles to work despite the fact that he doesn’t live near the office 3.“ I wouldn’t go swimming on a day like this, if I were you, Tom” said Brian A. Brian said that Tom wouldn’t go swimming on a day like that if he were asked B. Brian asked Tom not to go swimming on a day like that C. Brian advised Tom not to go swimming on a day like that D. Brian advised Tom not to go swimming on that day like this She won’t come unless you invite her A. She won’t come if you don’t invite her C. She will come even if you don’t invite her B. She won’t come even if you invite her D. She won’t come though you don’t invite her 5.Tony’s English is much better than it was A. Tony has started to learn English but doesn’t speak it well before C. Tony’s English was much better then than it was now B. Tony speaks better English now than he did D. Tony has always spoken good English 6.The police are questioning him at their headquarters A. He is being questioning by the police at their headquarters B. He was questioned by the police at their headquarters C. He is being questioned by the police at their headquarters VO NGUYEN GIAP HIGH SCHOOL Page 17 REVISION FOR THE SECOND SEMSTER D. He was being questioned by the police at their headquarters 7. .“ They didn’t intend to stay here . ” A. They had not intention of staying here C. They had no intention about staying here B. They had not intention of staying here D. They had no intention of staying here 8. Despite feeling cold, we kept walking A. Although we felt cold, but we kept walking C. However cold we felt, but we kept walking B. Although we felt cold, we kept walking D. In spite feeling cold, we kept walking 9.He had his eyes tested ten months ago. A. He had tested his eyes ten months before. C. He hasn't had his eyes tested for ten months. B. He had not tested his eyes for ten months then. D. He didn't have any test on his eyes in ten months. 10. The children couldn't go swimming because the sea was too rough. A. The children were not calm enough to swim in the sea. B. The sea was rough enough for the children to swim in. C. The sea was too rough for the children to go swimming. D. The sea was too rough to the children's swimming. 11.They spent a lot of money on food and clothes. A. Money was spent a lot on food and clothes. C.A lot of money were spent on food and clothes. B. A lot of money was spent on food and clothes. D.A lot of money on food and clothes were spent. 12. The salesman showed me various kinds of hifi system A. I was showed various kind of hifi system by the salesman B. I was shown by the salesman various kind of hifi system C. Various kind of hifi system was showed by the salesman D. I was shown various kind of hifi system by the salesman 13. Applicants must return this form by 21st March A. This form must be returned by applicants by 21st March B. This form by 21st March must be returned by applicants C. This form must be returned by 21st March by applicants D. This form must been returned by applicants by 21st March 14. Some people say that this is a dangerous area. A. It is said that is a dangerous area B. This is said that is a dangerous area C. This is said to be a dangerous area. D. This is a dangerous area is said. 15. People say that he committed some terrible crimes A. He is said to commit some terrible crimes B. He is said to have committed some terrible crimes VO NGUYEN GIAP HIGH SCHOOL Page 18 REVISION FOR THE SECOND SEMSTER C. He is said to be committed some terrible crimes D. He is said committed some terrible crimes Choose the best alternative to complete each of the following sentences 16.It's a pity she didn't take her doctor's advice. She wishes A. she took her doctor's advice B, she had taken her doctor's advice C. she takes her doctor's advice D. she would take her doctor's advice 17.Have you seen the Thang Long bridge, ? A. is one of the longest bridges in Southeast Asia. B. was one of the longest bridges in Southeast Asia. C. one of the longest bridges in Southeast Asia. D. that is one of the longest bridges in Southeast Asia 18.I would buy a new house …………………………………… A. if I have a lot of money. B. if I win the lottery C. if I inherited a million dollars. dollars D. if I inherit a million 19. If she misses the bus, ……………………………………… A. I will take her to school by car. B. I would take her to school by car. C. she have to walk D. I had to take her to school by car 20.They would have bought that new car ………………………………………… A. if they had had the money. B. if they had the money. C. if they were having the money D. if they had have the money 17 If he were the President, …………………………… A. he would help the poor more B. he will help the poor more C. he would have helped the poor more D. he has helped the poor more 21. If they had had enough good sense, ………………………………………… A. they would have moved to Santa Monica. B. they would had moved to Santa Monica C. they will move to Santa Monica D. they will move to Santa Monica VO NGUYEN GIAP HIGH SCHOOL Page 19 ... Ex: He admitted he’d made up the whole thing./ He admitted he’d made the whole thing up (? ?Anh? ?ta thú nhận rằng đã bịa ra mọi chuyện.) – NHĨM? ?2: Nhưng khi túc từ là một đại danh từ (những chữ như this, that, it, them,me,her và him thì đại danh từ này sẽ đứng ở giữa động từ và ‘particle’:... 13. Applicants must return this form by? ?21 st March A. This form must be returned by applicants by? ?21 st March B. This form by? ?21 st March must be returned by applicants C. This form must be returned by? ?21 st March by applicants... D. primary VO NGUYEN GIAP HIGH SCHOOL Page? ?2 REVISION FOR THE SECOND SEMSTER 8. A. certificate 9. A. scientific 10. A. especially 11. A. importance 12. A. aspect 13. A. terrific 14. A. recognize