chuong 5.PDF

CHUONG THfNGHIEMNENNGANGPMT I I Y CHUONG THINGHitrMNENNGANGPMT s.1.GtOtTHrFU 5.1.1 r.rcuyEru lY Thf nghi€mPMT (PressureMeter Test) ddi trr-r6cthi nghi€mDMT, c6 nguyen vd lli c6c ket quA,c6c fng dung tudng tu thi nghidm DMT, nhi€n phfc tap hcrnrar nhi6uso v6i DMT C6 vi\i didm kh6cbiet vd nguy€nly dLrocthd hientr€nbang5.1 B a n g N g u y nl f t h i n g h i e m i nn d l a k h i Dat dudc nen ngang bdi c h u y d nv i c i a m d n gt h e p Chuyen vi la co dinh: 0; , 1v a m m t4!uolLlg_Id69 Ddt dudc n6n ngang b6i chuydnvi c0a v6 ciic la thep xep vong quanh 6ng PMT (b6n co mang cao su cufng,la thep c6 nhiemvu b6o v6 C h u y d nv i d u d c x a c d i n h q u a l u o n g n U cb o m v d o T u y n n i e n ,f L r o n O I n u c c o s u m a t m a t d o s r Jg i a n n d c a h o p d i d u k h i d n ,6 n g P M T , c A p j d5n nlr6c,v.v Do do, qqelfrnn cf'udnnoa rdt rm ] 2L | C Hs C ( J nT H fN G H t f i m nrUr Ti nhlrngnam 1930,Kogler dI bit diu thu nghiCmv6i thiet bi tLrcrng tu nhrr PMT Tuy nhi6n, den tdn n[m 1957,PMT m6i thuc su chinh thfic ddi qua luAn irn Thac s! cfraLouis Menard,tidn h)nh tai Dai hoc Illinois (My), vh thiet bi ba buong cfra6ng duoc dit tdn ld MenardPMT Saud6, Menardtr6 vd qu0 huongPh6p,vi Phrip ld nudc mh PMT duoc tien hinh nhiOunhat PMT le thi nghi€rnhi€n trulng c6 nhidu version("ddi") khdc nhaunhift: o MenardPMT loai E, th( nghiOm"kidm soritiip luc"; MenardPMT loai GC, thi nghiOrn"ki€m soilt:hpluc"; TEXAM PMT, thi nghidm ci loai "ki€irnsodtdp lrrc", hodc cir loai "kidm soiit thd tich"; P c r r c ePl M T ,r h i n g h i d m" k i e ms o i i tt h 0t f c l r " : T[cHNENMONG PHAN TRoNG TRUdNG vAUNGDUNG 0Ar HreN THtNGHTcM 180 Thf nghi0m tu khoan PMT (Cambridgecira Anh, PAFSORcira Phrip); Vi nhiduddi kh6c C6c ddi ndy c6 su ldm vi6c khdc nhau.Da sd ld thf nghi€m hd khoan sin, trit hai loai Pencelv) Tu khoan nUr THiNGHIf;U 5.2.NorDUNG PMT la thi nghi€m rdt phrlc tap (ri€ng phdn chudn bi vd chudn ho6 thi€t bi, ndu n€u ddy dtr phii mdt 30 + 40 trang gidy) PMT khdng phd bidn l6m 16 cd kdt thudnq(Nc) ohonqho6 hcdc xdrodOnq cL E.-,,i p, >14 C t ,c u i G6t Bui cr G Eo / P, E / n 2t3 >12 1t2 >10 7+12 113 6+10 114 9+16 213 8+14 112 7+ 112 1t2 t 113 t B d n g H s o h i u c h ? n hh i n h d n g M6nqtrdn M6nq vuonq LlB=2 L/B=3 L/B=5 LIB=20 z, t+ 2.65 I 1.12 1,53 1.78 1 1,2 1.3 A 1,5 Prur s.5.D0rN cAYcOnrHfNGHlEru S a i s o c u a P M T d u o c t m t a t t r o l l g b i n g l T h e o Kulhawy vr\ T'rautmann ( I996) thi thi nghi€m PMT loai hd khoan c6 COV = 0,1 + O-2-cdn loai ttt khoan (SBPMT) th) c6 COV = 0,15 + 0,2-5(xem phLrluc I vd 2) B A n g5 1 T m t i t n h f n g s a i s d c r l a P M T Kichthu6c c0a 6no thdm M d n oq i a n n d Do thi6-tbi n q d n d u n qd l c h V i S B P M T :h i n hd n qc & ao n g t h d m ,m O ic i t , t f r i e tb i k h o a n1 khoanvd cnudn bi 16tni Do thi T o cd o q i a nn d o n q t h b m nghi6m Thdi nqhi tru6c doc so doc 188 THINGHIEM OATHIENTRUdNG VAI.JNG DUNG TRoNGPHANT[cHNENMONG r J 5.6.TOMTAT THi NGHIETU PMr l Thi nghiOmPMT 6p lqc tU ddt l€n mdng th6p/ cao su ctra dng tham PMT ta dDngnudc (hoacchdt l6ng kh6c) ddy mdng thdpl caosu 6p vd phfa dat PMT le I thf nghiCmcrlc kj' phfc tap, thoi gian chudnbi thi nghi€mrdt ldu a J PMT le thi nghi€m n6n ngang,cho k6t quA lA quan hC "5p lqc - chuyin vi" cfia dat Tir PMT, ta c6 thd udc tinh m6dun bi€n dang cira dAt,du b6o d6 hin cira m6ng vd du biio sric chiu tii theo phuongngang Cfrngn6n luu 1irang, cdc quan h0 thuc nghi€m thubng dua trOndat tucrngddi ddng nhdt (c6t holc s6t).Vi v4y cdn c{in thAnkhi s[t dung PMT dd u6c tinh c6c chi tieu cho nhlrng ddt pha rap (c6t pha, s6t pha), holc ddt phong ho6 kh6c thudng CHUONG 6.CACTHINGHIEM KHAC 189 ... h5 P M To d n v i m i x u v € n t I ul, 1,' FI trS kf fl,i I t - f f Hinh 5.2 Pencel Y', t"' CHUONG 5.THfNGHIEM NENNGANG PMT 181 ) 5.2.2.CHUANBI THIETBI 5.2.2.L Lim b6o hoi hgp didu khidn Dd... kPa GiAm 6p tr,rcvd 2s0o lea C h i n hl a i v a n v d Giim 5p I " C h a yv i d d n gh d " v60 CHUONG 5.THINGHIEM NENNGANG PMT 183 C H U dN H OA T H T E TB ! 1H i Q uch i n h6 p tu c: Dat... tai thoi didm 30 vd 60 qi6v Ndu c6 dd t6i ta qiim 6o trr trl vd ohi lai sd li6u nhrl brr6c3 185 CHUONG THINGHIEMNENNGANGPMT ^1 C H U ANH OA S O D OC I COngripluc ghi duoco mrc 5.2.4vdi chiducaoc6tnudcdp