chuong 1.PDF

COBAN TOMTATKIENTHUCDlAKYTHUAT CHIJONG CHUONG1 rou rArrtEnrH0coin rYrHuArco BAN t * - ' , 1.1.CACrlruHCHArCo LV 1.1.1 rfruscHArvArlY Hat ddt duoc dat ten rheokich thudchat (thudngdo bing mm), nhu & bring 1.1 86ng1.1 De tinq TC XD VN c0 uscs (tudngtu TCXDVN5747-93 c6t S6isan D6 cuoi s6r Bui 200mm 0m m 2mm 1m m , 0 5m m 300mm 75 mm , 5m m , 4m m 0.002mm Drrav)rohr'rngphAnlo'aihat lbring 1.1),ta se phin loai do't (xcm ddt d6,loai hat nlo chiem da sd) Bon ti6u chuiinphAn loai dat drroc dirng phii bien hien 1)r: USCS,BS 5930,AASHTO.TCXD VN Hlm luong tich lfly hat thudng cluoc bi€u clien qua thi trdn hinh 100 Didm A d dd thi c6 toa (x, y) Ditlu ni\y c6 nghra l): I ) P^ = ya/a(hdm luong tich lhy c6c hat c6 80 60 40 ?0 duong kinh nh6 hcrn x mm ldya6) 2) Dr=X(mm) 0 x l 00 001 H i n h B i d u d i n h d m l u d n g t i c h l u y 2-TNOHT t^" d /l 18 THfNGHIEM DATHIENTRUdNG VAIAIGDUNG TRoNGPHAN TfcHNENM6NG D0 chdtcfracdt duoc ddnhgi6 boi d0 chatruongddi D, cluabing 1.2 Bdng 1.2.Trang th6i crja dai c6t T r a n gt h i Dochito,(=ffi) -e MI\ chSt nrn 2t3-1 1t3 - 2t3 - '1l3 Chdtvita Roi rac Cdn trang thr{i cira dat s6t du_ocd6nh gi6 boi d6 s€t LI (cdn kf hi0u ld I.- hoac B) nhu trongbing 1.3 *tt t r o n g d o L l = B - [ ,": * IP Ir=Wr-WP LL-PL Bdng 1.3.Trang th6i cia da'tdinh LI D6o ch6v Chiv (nh5o) 1.1.2 TINHruEru lUru Dd hin cira ndn gdm ba phdn: lfn rric rhdi (.!,,),lfn cd ket thdm (s,.)vd hin tt bidn (S,): S=So+S.+S, (t.1) Db liln txc:thdi le nudc chua kip tho6t di, ddt bidn dang nhu vAt rhd den hdi Db liln t'6'kAl fthd'm)ld su giAm thd tfch l5 r6ng, nu6c tho6t ddn ngodi D6 Ifin til biAndo bi6n dangcfia bin thAnkhung cdt cua ddt (criabin rhAnhat) Vdi dat s6t, ba dd hin tr€n li 16 rdng vi c6 thd tdch bi6t duoc Nhtrngnghiencrlu mdi nhdtcho thAy: ' DQ hin trlc thdi nh6, nhi6n c6 kh6ng phii ld nh6 qui{ dd c6 thd b6 qua Trong m6t sd trudng hqp chring c6 thd chidm tdi lOTod6 hin tdng D6 hin rrlc thdi duoc tfnh qua m6dun ddn hdi khdng tho6t nudc, hay cdn goi ll modun ddn hdi titc thdi,ki hiOuld E" ' D0 hin tt bi6n khOngnh6, nhdt ld vdi cdc ddts6t ydu/ rdt ydu D6i khi, chting c6 thd chidm t6i 40 - 50Vod6 hin rdng ' Dq lfn cd kdt (tham) ld phdn chfr ydu, thudng chidm ftan 907od6 lfn tdng Tuy nhiOn,trong mdt sd ft trulng hqp n6 chi chidrn khoing 50To d6lfn tdng D6 hin cd kdt duoc rinh qua: THUC DrAKYTHUaT ToMTArKr6N COBAN cHuoNG 19 Hodc qua modun bi|n dang thoiit nu6c (E' - thudngchi kf hiOuld E), hoic rnddunbien dangkhdng no hdng M (c0ngc6 kf hiOuli E,); Hoircqua C., C, (c6cchi sd n6n); Hodc qua duongcong n6n 6p e-p Vdi dit cft, tinh rhdm qu6 nhanh,do d6, kh6ng thd trich rdi hin tric rhdi vd hin cd ket du,o c V) vAy: (t.2) S=S,,*.+S, So*.le dd hin trlc thdi vd cd kdt (thucrngviet ld S, vh cfing thuong hidu li lfn cd ket, vi lf n tric thdi cfra cdt qu6 nh6), duo.c tfnh qua m6dun bidn dang E"* , thudng cfrngchi kf hieu le E V6i cdt, thudngta khong thd tinh hin So*.qua c6c chi sd n6n C , c, vir dudng cong n6n 6p e-p nhu trdn du-o c, vi ta kh6ng thd lay mAu ddt nguy€ndang dd tidn hinh thi nghiOmtrong phdngx6c dinh c., c, hay e Khi d6, tri sd E s€ duoc x6c dinh qua thf nghi€mhi€n truirng(nhu se trinh bdy sau) 1D o l ( n c o t e i t h a m d n d i n h TU thi nghi€mn6n m6t truc (cdn goi lh thi nghiOmoedometre),ta thu duoc quan h€ gifrafng suatn6n (5p luc n6n) p (cbn vidt lb o) vd dd r6ng e Quan hq p-e ndy du-o c bidu di6n d d6 thi thuhng (hinh l.2a) hoac bidu di€n o dd thi b6n log (hinh l.2b) Trong d6, dudng O ld duong kdt qui thf nghiOm,dulng O ld ducrnghi6u chinh dd s& dung vh t(nh c6c hOsd C., C, b) Hinh 1.2.Quan h6 p-e Ghich0:Tronghinhl.2.b,vtrddts6tqu5c6kdt,doann6nthr?cdp(C,)kh6ngphiildti6ptuy6nvdidoandduc0 nhunhidungudildmtrrdng V6 nguyOn nhdntai saoduongO namthdphondudng@, bandocc6 thdthamkh6o thOmhinh10.27, lrang235,236 I ep2 - CohocDdt- Whitlow Phuluc4trinhbdyc6chhi6uchinhdtrong congO ddduocduong cong@.Tuynhi6n, vi c6chhi6uchinhkh6dainOn tamthoita c6 thdldydoann6nthf cdpla dudngtidptuydncOadoandduduongcongO Vdiddts6tc6 k6tthudng, ta kh6no hiOu chinh, 20 THfNGHIEM DATHIENTRUdNG VAIJI.IG DUNG TRoNGPHAN TfcHNENM6NG Tri hinh l.2a ta c6: Trongdoane, - e, nho ni\odti: Hg so n6n hin ruongddi (hay h6 sd n6n thd tfch) a" (hay rn,) l): " e ,- e (p:-p,Xl+c,) Modunbie'ndang(c6 no horrg)lir E =A * P vui =| - 2l' fl ao nlu l-pr Mddun nly 6p dung cho ndn dat du6i m6ng clon,do di€n chiu rei b6 n€n clatbi n6n chat theochidudfng vd no theo chidu ngang(c6 n& h6ng) Mddun bidn dangkh6ngnd honglI M (hayE,) = l &o l m' M6dun niy tip dung cho ntin dat dudi m6ng bd, clodi€n chiu tii ldn nen coi nclndat dudi m6ng kh6ng no h6ng Ndu viet chinh x6c theo "ngOnngfr" frngsuathriu hiOuthi: M6dun thoritnu6c: E' = M ' ( l + p ' ) ( l _ p , )I ( l _ p , ) ( = l l - t , i : \I M ' =p t u t ' I t-p'l trongd6 * p'- hg so Poissontrongdieu kien rhodtnudc: V'= 0,2 + 0.3 cho cdt, F' = 0,3 + 0,4 cho s6t Lrin khong no hdng cia lrrp dat diy ft,lh: s ,= F h , l+el S,=d.ph=Inlr =fln1, M' E' * (1.3a) ( r 3b) Lrin c6 no hong: s ,= * p h , (I 3c) Lfn khdng no hdng i{p dung cho rrubng hop m6ng bd (tii rat r6ng), cdn lfn no h6ng dp dung cho todn bO cdc tru&rg hqp khdc Tuy nhi€n,o Viet Nam, ta ddu dirng phucrngtrinh (1.3b)(khongno hong) cho moi tnrdng hop Ket qui niy c6 thd chap nhAnduo c vi B = 0,tl xdp xi vdi 1,0 CHUONG 1.TOMTATKIENTHUCD|AK?THUAT COBAN z l Trong hinh 1.2b, dtrcingcong O thu drtcrctt thi nghiom oedometre,cbn dudng cong O lh dudng hi6u chinh tr) duirngcong (D Sd c-li,ta phrii hi6u chinh ducrccong O vi no (vfr dudng cons & h'inh l.2a) kh6ng phan iinh dLingthuc re l)rn vi6c cua di[t Nguydn rihiln chinh li\ thi nghiern oedonretre,vioc thu cluo;c>o; CD: Gia trii v) cit chAm,thoiit nudc holn to)n: q' > 0; c' = (v6i datqudcd ket, ta vdn c6 c' ) 0, nhungc' trlongcloinho) Khi ddt s6t bi xdo tr6n (vi du t::rcclungd6ng cgc, ),sfrc khiing cirt khong thoiit nudc cua n B vua cao r6'tcao 25 COBAN CHIJONG TOMTATKIENTHIICDIAI(YTHUAT 1.1.4.2.Suc chong c;t cfia ddit c6t Dat cht th) khong c6 lrrc clinh (c = 0), clp c16,sftc khring cit cua clat ciit duoc bieu hi€n qua g6c ma sirttrong