Đánh giá tác động đầu tư quỹ thách thức việt namtrường hợp nghiên cứu chuỗi giá trị bò h’mong cao bằng

VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI HANOI SCHOOL OF BUSINESS HOANG THI MY HANG INVESTMENT IMPACT EVALUATION OF VIETNAM CHALLENGE FUND: A CASE STUDY OF H’MONG BEEF VALUE CHAIN PROJECT IN CAO BANG PROVINCE Major: Business Administration Code: 60 34 05 MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION THESIS SUPERVISOR: DR NGUYEN THI PHI NGA HANOI - 2012 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Firstly, I would like to express my greatly gratitude to my supervisors, Dr Nguyen Thi Phi Nga for her valuable thoughtful comments and contributions for my thesis I would like to thanks professors, lecturers and guest speakers from Hanoi School of Business for provide me the valuable knowledge during the MBA course I also would like to deeply thank to HSB staff for their kindly support, caringto create the best favorable conditions for my study My research took several months and I am indebted to the people and organizations that supported me a long way I also wish to greatly thank to staff of the project “market for poor (M4P2)” phase in Hanoi for creating favorable conditions and documents for me during my study In particular, I am very indebted to Mr BuddhikaSamarasinghe, team leaderof market for poorphase (M4P2) project and Mr Tung Nguyen, manager of Vietnam Challenge Fund for their valuable comments and contribution to my thesis I would like thankto Mrs Le Thi Thanh, Director of Le Thanh Company and to Mr Tran Van Khan, Vice Director of Department of Agricultural and Rural Development and all projected households and non-projected households for supporting me during my field work I wish to thank my dear classmates for their friendship, caring, and sharing to overcome the stress during the course Finally, I would like to express my deep gratitude to my family and my friends for their supporting and encouragement during the program i ABSTRACT INVESTMENT IMPACT EVALUATION OF VIETNAM CHALLENGE FUND: A CASE STUDY OF H’MONG BEEF VALUE CHAIN PROJECT IN CAO BANG PROVINCE Hoang Thi My Hang MBA Candidate, 2009-2012 Vietnam National University, Hanoi School of Business Supervisor: Dr Nguyen Thi Phi Nga August 2012, 74 pages The challenge funds were introduced as a new approach of international donors in creating opportunities for the disadvantaged majority group by promoting the development of private sectors in developing countries The challenge fund is social venture investment funds which aim to enhancing ability of the poor to access to goods, services and income and reducing market distortions The Vietnam Challenge Fund have firstly introduced as a social venture investment fund in Vietnam since 2009 The fund is one of three components of the project Market for Poor Phase (M4P2) The Vietnam Challenge Fund was implemented under the management of the Ministry of Planning and Investment The Asian Development Bank,as the lead manager and the United Kingdom Department for International Development (DFID), as the primary funder The impact investment evaluation plays an important role for donors and policy makers in project management and decision making in order to optimize benefit of the projects achieve development sustainability and provide efficient aids In Vietnam, there is a shortage of methodology to ii evaluate an impact investmentbecause of time consuming, expensive costs and complicated techniques This study concentrates on analyzing impact investment of the Vietnam Challenge Fund on farmer households before and after project implementation By comparing the social economic situations of both project and non- project supported households before and after the project intervention, this research expects to understand how the project has created changes to the socio and economic situation of farmer households under the impact of the Vietnam Challenge Fund (VCF) The quasi-experimental (nonrandom) method is an effective method, which was used to carry out an evaluation by constructing treatment and comparison groups through experimental design Defining counterfactuals is the core of the impact investment evaluation The combination of two scenarios, „beforeand-after and „with-and-without‟ project intervention can provide the best capture of the project intervention Applying this technique for the case study on evaluating the H‟mong beef production project in Cao Bang, two baseline studies were conducted with the randomized selection, the former was in 2009 and the later was in 2012 the selection is not randomized By analyzing a case study on impacts evaluation of the Challenge Fund project on H‟mong beef production in Cao Bang province, this research aims to provide a systematic analysis social investment return in terms of job creation, income generation, and economic return of the company in terms of technical benefits, commercial benefits and financial benefits This study attempts to develop a framework to measure the investment impacts of Vietnam Challenge Funds in terms of social and economic returns It then tried to apply that framework to evaluate the investment impacts of a Challenge Fund, which was carried out by Le Thanh Company in Cao Bang province Vietnam Based on the sample of selected projected households and iii non-projected households, data were collected to measure the impacts of the project in terms of technical impacts, commercial impact, and financial impacts The comparisons between non projected households and projected households, before and after project support among projected households, were made to find out whenever there is a difference on order to give insights for the donor, the project management board, and managers of the partner organization and related institutions The results revealed that the support of the Vietnam Challenge Fund created a positive change in both economic and social aspects in terms of income generation, job creation, and company benefit Social return revealed in increase in income generation and job creation There was a considerable increase in the household income from H‟Mong cattle rearing (by 88%) and the proportion of income derived from cattle-rearing in the total household income also increased, from 31% in 2010 to 51% in 2011.The average income of the households in the treatment group was VND 17,478,640 per household, which is 32.2% higher than that of households in the control group, VND 13,217,120 In term of job creation, under the operation of the slaughterhouse facility generates an addition of 15 part-time workers, working on average for 4-5 hours a day In addition, cattle rearing has created a number of extra jobs in the survey area More than 100 additional laborers from the families and the neighbor-hood are engaged in simple work involved in cattle rearing on a rotating non-paid basis The economic return of the company indicated in three terms which are technical, commercial and financial benefits In the aspect of technical benefit, the project grant to build the first slaughterhouse for cows built in the northern mountainous area of Vietnam This slaughterhouse fully meets the hygiene requirements of the local Cao Bang government In addition, the iv company has also benefited from capacity building for their staff by receiving training and technical support from Center for Agrarian System R&D (CASRAD), VCF term which including international experts, visitors who provide expertise knowledge, technical supports and facilities for the company in managing and developing this model In the aspect of commercial returns, a remarkable contribution of the project was the development of the traceability for H‟Mong cow is excellent way to access high quality market and traceable products This success could be replicated to other agricultural products which can potentially bring more job opportunities and higher level of income generation for the community In the aspect of financial return, the strong sales volume growth indicates that a domestic market does exist for this niche beef product, and H‟Mong beef brand is being established Le Thanh Company anticipates that participating farmers will achieve at least a 15% increase in their incomes derived from cattle rearing However, the fund is facing several challenges related to capacity of implementing partners and beneficiaries, the availability of fund, and difficulty of geographical conditions Some suggestions for further research are also given Studies on impact investment of the Vietnam Challenge Fund provide fruitful lessons for the following new business models and future challenge funds design and implementation.The result of this study will provide lessons learnt which contributes to enrich an effective tool for better project design, project assessments, and investment decision making of the future Challenge Funds.The successful lesson of the H‟mong beef project in Cao Bang province illustrates that the VCF can propose innovative of new business models to engage the poor on a replicable and sustainable basis v TÓM TẮT ĐÁNH GIÁ TÁC ĐỘNG ĐẦU TƯ CỦA QUỸ THÁCH THỨC VIỆT NAM: A CASE STUDY OF H’MONG BEEF VALUE CHAIN PROJECT IN CAO BANG PROVINCE Hoàng Thị Mỹ Hằng, Học viên MBA, 2006-2008 Đại học Quốc gia Hà Nội, Khoa Quản trị Kinh Doanh Hướng dẫn: TS Nguyễn Thị Phi Nga Tháng 08/2012, 74 trang Quỹ thách thức giới thiệu phương pháp tiếp cận nhà tài trợ quốc tế việc tạo hội cho nhóm người yếu, việc thúc đẩy phát triển khu vực tư nhân nước phát triển Quỹ thách thức quỹ đầu tư mạo hiểm xã hội có mục đích tăng cường lực tiếp cận người nghèo tới hàng hóa, dịch vụ, nâng cao thu nhập giảm lệch lạc thị trường Quỹ thách thức Việt Nam giới thiệu trước hết quỹ đầu tư mạo hiểm xã hội Việt Nam từ năm 2009 Quỹ ba thành phần Dự án Thị trường cho người nghèo, Pha Quỹ thách thức Việt Nam hoạt động quản lý Bộ Kế hoạch Đầu tư; Ngân hàng phát triển Châu Á nhà quản lý Bộ Phát triển quốc tế Vương quốc Anh nhà tài trợ Đánh giá tác động đầu tư đóng vai trị quan trọng nhà tài trợ nhà hoạch định sách việc quản lý dự án định, nhằm tối ưu hóa lợi ích dự án, đạt đến phát triển bền vững cung cấp nguồn tài trợ hiệu Ở Việt Nam, thiếu hụt phương pháp để đánh giá tác động đầu tư, tốn thời gian, chi phí cao kỹ thuật phức vi tạp Nghiên cứu tập trung vào phân tích tác động đầu tư Quỹ Thách thức Việt Nam hộ gia đình nơng dân trước sau thi hành dự án Bằng việc so sánh tình trạng kinh tế xã hội hộ gia đình trước sau có hỗ trợ dự án, nghiên cứu tìm hiểu dự án tạo thay đổi tình trạng kinh tế, xã hội hộ gia đình tác động Quỹ thách thức Việt Nam Phương pháp nửa thực nghiệm (không ngẫu nhiên) phương pháp hiệu quả, sử dụng để thực đánh giá việc xây dựng so sánh nhóm qua việc thiết kế thực nghiệm Xác định cac gia thiet tac nhan thành phần chủ yếu đầu tư tác động Sự kết hợp hai kịch bản, “trước sau” “có khơng có” can thiệp dự án cung cấp cách thức tốt để đánh giá can thiệp dự án Áp dụng kỹ thuật cho trường hợp nghiên cứu đánh giá dự án chăn ni bị người Hmong Cao Bằng, hai nghiên cứu tham khảo tiến hành, nghiên cứu thứ vào năm 2009 với lựa chọn ngẫu nhiên nghiên cứu thứ hai vào năm 2012 với lựa chọn không ngẫu nhiên Bằng việc phân tích nghiên cứu đánh giá tác động Quỹ Thách thức Việt Nam lên Dự án chăn ni bị người Hmong tỉnh Cao Bằng, nghiên cứu cung cấp phương pháp phân tích có hệ thống tác động đầu tư xã hội xét mặt tạo việc làm, tạo thu nhập tác động kinh tế đến công ty mặt lợi ích tài chính, thương mại kỹ thuật Nghiên cứu cố gắng phát triển khung đo lường tác động đầu tư Quỹ Thách thức Việt Nam kinh tế xã hội Sau áp dụng khung để đánh giá tác động đầu tư Quỹ Thách thức, tiến hành công ty Lê Thanh tỉnh Cao Bằng Dựa mẫu lựa chọn hộ gia đình có dự án hộ gia đình khơng có dự án, liệu thu thập để đánh giá tác động dự án mặt tài chính, thương mại kỹ thuật Sự so sánh hộ gia đình có dự án vii khơng có dự án, hộ gia đình trước sau dự án hỗ trợ thực để tìm khác biệt lúc nào, nhằm cung cấp thông tin cho nhà tài trợ, Ban quản lý dự án nhà quản lý các tổ chức, Viện, bên liên quan Kết nghiên cứu hỗ trợ Quỹ Thách thức Việt Nam tạo thay đổi tích cực mặt kinh tế xã hội việc tạo thu nhập, việc làm lợi ích cho cơng ty Đó tăng thu nhập đáng kể hộ gia đình người Hmong từ việc ni gia súc (khoảng 88%) thu nhập từ chăn nuôi gia súc tổng thu nhập hộ gia đình tăng lên, từ 31% năm 2012 lên 51% năm 2011.Thu nhập trung bình hộ gia đình nhóm nghiên cứu 17.478.640 đồng/hộ, cao 32,2% so với hộ gia đình nhóm kiểm sốt (13.217.120 đồng/hộ) Đối với vấn đề tạo công ăn việc làm, việc thành lập sở giết mổ cung cấp thêm 15 việclàm bán thời gian, trung bình 4-5 giờ/ngày Ngồi ra, chăn ni gia súc tạo số công việc phụ khu vực khảo sát Hơn 100 người lao động từ gia đình khu lân cận tham gia vào công việc giản đơn liên quan đến chăn nuôi gia súc sở khơng trả lương ln phiên Lợi ích kỹ thuật, lợi ích thương mại lợi ích tài ba thuật ngữ để lợi ích kinh tế mà cơng ty thu Đối với lợi ích kỹ thuật, dự án hỗ trợ để xây dựng lò mổ bò khu vực miền núi phía Bắc Việt Nam Lị mổ hồn tồn đáp ứng yêu cầu vệ sinh quyền địa phương Cao Bằng Ngồi ra, cơng ty hưởng lợi từ việc nâng cao lực cho nhân viên thông qua hỗ trợ đào tạo kỹ thuật từ Trung tâm Nghiên cứu phát triển Hệ thống đất nông nghiệp (CASRAD), VCFbao gồm chuyên gia khách quốc tế, người cung cấp kiến thức chuyên môn, hỗ trợ kỹ thuật thiết bị cần thiết để công ty quản lý phát triển mơ hình viii Về lợi ích thương mại, việc phát triển truy xuất nguồn gốc bị H'Mơng đóng góp đáng kể dự án, nhờ giúp tiếp cận thị trường chất lượng cao sản phẩm có nguồn gốc xuất xứ Hoạt động nhân rộng racác lĩnh vực sản xuất sản phẩm nông nghiệp khác nhằm mang lại nhiều hội việc làm nâng cao thu nhập cho cộng đồng Đối với lợi ích tài chính, doanh số bán hàng tăng trưởng mạnh có thị trường nội địa thích hợp sản phẩm thịt bị, thương hiệu thịt bị H'Mơng thiết lập Cơng ty Lê Thanh dự đốn thu nhập người nơng dân tham gia tăng nhất15% từ việc chăn nuôi gia súc Tuy nhiên, Quỹ phải đối mặt với số thách thức liên quan đến lực đối tác thực đối tượng hưởng lợi, sẵn có Quỹ khó khăn điều kiện địa lý Một số gợi ý để nghiên cứu thêm.cũng đề cập đến Các nghiên cứu tác động đầu tư Quỹ Thách thức Việt Nam cung cấp học hữu ích mơ hình kinh doanh tương lai việc thiết kế thực quỹ thách thức Nghiên cứu rút học nhằm góp phần làm phong phú thêm cơng cụ thiết kế dự án, đánh giá dự ánvà định đầu tư quỹ thách thức thời gian tới Bài học thành cơng từ Dự án Bị H'mơng tỉnh Cao Bằng minh họa VCF đề xuất sáng kiến mơ hình kinh doanh để thu hút người nghèo sở nhân rộng bền vững Tác giả cho tương lai, nghiên cứu tương tự quỹ thách thức tỉnh khu vực khác nên được thực bao gồm tất vấn đề nêu Tác giả tin nghiên cứu sản xuất thịt bị H'mơng ví dụ hữu ích mối liên kết thị trường người nghèo, tăng trưởng khu vực tư nhân giảm nghèo, cơng cụ hiệu để giảm bớt méo mó thị trường, nhờ thúc đẩy đổi kinh doanh phát triển kinh tếbền vững ix project”, noted MsGozde,the director of the UK Department for International Development, “and although further refinements of this system will be needed, the steps already taken have helped distinguish this beef product in the market.” (tuoitrenews 2011) Cattle production in general and H‟mong cow production in particular is traditional in the survey district of Ha Quang as well as in all the five project districts Cattle production is the most important source of income for the local ethnic minority farmers It contributes to the increase in the total income of all the households from 31% in 2009 to 61% in 2012 in the survey areas, and 55% of the income of a household in the piloting districts involved in producing and selling the project product There is a great deal of variability, ranging from VND 13.00 million to VND 95.00 million per household earning income from a single cow, and making up between 0% to 87% of total income derived from this activity alone Farmers selling their cows to the project are receiving a premium to the usual prices, and thus there is an increase in their incomes from breeding H‟Mong cows Le Thanh Company anticipates that participating farmers will achieve at least a 15% increase in their incomes derived from cattle rearing Cattle rearing has created a number of extra jobs in the survey area More than 100 additional laborers from the families and the neighbor-hood are engaged in simple work involved in cattle rearing on a rotating non-paid basis Such an arrangement helps the poor ethnic minority farmers carry out their production activities productively without making large cash investment that they cannot afford The following are the key conclusion from this impact assessment: 60  The comparison of the farmers‟ income data before and after the project (over a period of about 1.5 years) indicates a considerable increase in the household income from H‟Mong cattle rearing (by 88%) The proportion of income derived from cattle-rearing in the total household income also increased, from 31% in 2010 to 51% in 2011  In 2011, the income from H‟Mong cow activities represented 51% of the total household income in the surveyed sample of the treatment group, which is just slightly higher than that of the surveyed control group, 49.5% The average income of the households in the treatment group was VND 17,478,640 per household, which is 32.2% higher than that of households in the control group, VND 13,217,120  The slaughterhouse facility generates an addition of 15 part-time workers, working on average for 4-5 hours a day  The slaughterhouse is currently working under its designed capacity, but there is highly potential for viability when the H‟Mong beef sales channel to higher-end consumers are developed and sustained, such as Big C and Metro  Even though the development of the traceability for H‟Mong cow is newly developed, it has already proved such an excellent way to market high quality and traceable products This success could be replicated to other agricultural products and thus the indirect impact on job creation and income generation would be higher A set of recommendations are listed below:  Production: - Developing the groups of association of beef cattle raising (20 – 40 groups), for 1000 households to benefit and supply the identified outlets 61 - Cooperating with local processing infrastructure, such as the new slaughterhouse currently constructed in Cao Bang seems to be a key success factor to develop linkages with high-value markets  Marketing: - Supporting the identified slaughterhouse in Cao Bang to become the slaughtering cooperative (with legal status, equipment) Building “a formal collective brand” for H‟Mong beef based on farmers groups and ensuring a specific quality based on indigenous raising practices and a geographical identity, as partly analyzed and strengthened within the framework of Super chain project - Organizing transactions by contracts with customers in Hanoi - Supporting the slaughterhouses and distribution companies of H‟Mong beef to research and enlarge the consumption market in big cities  Capacity-building - Cooperating with Cao Bang livestock extension services to disseminate the cattle fattening protocol of H‟Mong people - Training veterinary and extension staff on methods of setting up and working with groups - Supporting slaughtering houses with standardized equipment to ensure a high quality end-product and market access, through the support of local governments to gain access to other sources of funding Further research While this thesis only focus on impact investment of Vietnam Challenge Fund in terms of job creation and income generation by analyzing the case study of the H‟mong beef production in Cao Bang province The actual impacts of the 62 challenge funds are larger than these impacts such as investment impact, innovation impacts and environmental impacts The author suggests that in future a similar study should be carried out in other challenge funds across other provinces and regions should be covered all these above issue Given that each particular project will have specific impacts which can be measure or not, the experimental 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Xinhua News Agency (2007), “Africa enterprise challenge fund launched in Cape Town”, Xinhua News Agency – CEIS, Woodside, United States, Woodside 67 APPENDIX Appendix 1: The Survey Questionnaire 1-1209-088: H‟mong beef Project owner: Le Thanh Construction Company Location: districts, Cao Bang province HOUSEHOLD BASELINE INFORMATION Full name of householder: Hamlet: Commune: _ District: _ Household Information: Householder information: Male/ Female Year of Birth: level2: Educational Number of HH member: No of female: No of male: HH working members‟ information Main HH workingmembers Male/ Female Year of Birth Production information General production: Land Educational level : insert a number as follows Vocational Elementary Lower secondary school Upper secondary school College/University 68 Land types Areas in use (m2) Note Residence and garden land Agriculture land Forestry land Pond, lake Others Male: Female: Male: Female: 69 Income Beef sold to others Volume (tons) Unit Price Income Beef sold to Co Volume (tons) Unit Price No of cycles/ year Output (kg or no of head) Total no of cows No of working members Year 2009 2010 Income/ year Beef production (applied for H‟mong beef growing Project product: households) Average kg/head Crops or livestock Main crops and livestock in previous year 2009 Area or Yield/ha Output No of Selling (or kg/ (kg or no of cycles/ye No of price head) heads heads ar harvested) Work Extra labour generated by project product No of person-days Note (time, price if any etc) Unpaid labour3 Paid labour Unpaid labour: note down all the extra work generated by non-working household members (old mother, children, employed members working part-time for the project product), and rotating labour from other households and relatives Paid labour: note down all person-days and daily wages or total payment for every work that the household has to pay for 70 Income Information Income sources I Crops/ livestock/ economic Amount (VND/year)5 activities4 Self-employed/ households Culturation 2.Husbandry 3.Small traders Services 5.Forest planting, exploitation Fishery Processing/Craftwork Construction/ Industry II Hired workers III Public employees IV Supportive, pension, insurance compensation, remittance V Other Other information: get information on gender of the main labor(s) of the HH here (such as: name, working hours, labor division etc ) List all economic activities in relevant line Add up all detailed incomes in 2009 from every main crop and livestock listed in previous page 71 Appendix 2: LIST OF THE PROJECT HOUSEHOLDS AND THEIR SOURCE OF INCOME PATTERNS No of cows sold Total income (A+B+C) Sales of H'Mong cow Net income from H’Mong cow (A) Income from cultivation (B) Other incomes (C) Duong Van Hung Duong Van No Giang Van Vu Hau Van Xuan 2 19,710,000 57,824,000 62,380,000 16,770,000 21,000,000 43,000,000 38,000,000 22,000,000 5,790,000 42,894,000 37,780,000 9,000,000 5,200,000 4,550,000 13,000,000 3,250,000 8,720,000 10,380,000 11,600,000 4,520,000 Hoang Van Na 34,800,000 18,000,000 17,800,000 13,000,000 4,000,000 Hoang Van Pao Lam Van Phong 1 79,325,000 37,030,000 21,000,000 26,000,000 12,900,000 25,880,000 61,425,000 7,150,000 5,000,000 4,000,000 1 1 2 2 Lau Van Phung Lau Van Tinh 1 25,004,000 22,435,500 18,000,000 22,000,000 17,794,000 14,498,000 3,250,000 6,337,500 3,960,000 1,600,000 Ly Van Sinh 21,965,000 31,000,000 13,300,000 1,625,000 7,040,000 Ma Van Hoang 40,446,000 18,000,000 17,996,000 1,950,000 20,500,000 Ma Van Lau 29,416,000 22,000,000 21,996,000 3,900,000 3,520,000 Ma Van Rinh 22,080,000 19,000,000 13,500,000 3,900,000 4,680,000 Mac Van Kim 26,350,000 18,000,000 11,900,000 8,450,000 6,000,000 Nong Van Hoi Nong Van Thanh 48,462,000 95,000,000 31,422,000 14,040,000 3,000,000 19,050,000 21,000,000 12,000,000 4,550,000 2,500,000 Ngo Van Pao 27,566,000 24,000,000 7,446,000 13,000,000 7,120,000 Sung Van Vang Truong Van Cam Truong Van Trung 39,398,000 18,000,000 17,998,000 13,000,000 8,400,000 33,468,000 40,000,000 16,468,000 13,000,000 4,000,000 34,852,000 18,000,000 13,992,000 13,000,000 7,860,000 Lau Van Hong 44,938,000 18,000,000 17,988,000 16,250,000 10,700,000 Ngo Van No 29,660,000 17,000,000 16,480,000 3,900,000 9,280,000 Lau Van Ky 22,596,000 19,000,000 10,996,000 5,200,000 6,400,000 Ngo Van Sau 26,108,000 21,000,000 11,498,000 9,750,000 4,860,000 Sung Van Chau 29,990,000 18,000,000 17,650,000 5,200,000 7,140,000 72 No of cows sold Total income (A+B+C) Sales of H'Mong cow 32 851,623,50 646,000,00 Net income from H’Mong cow (A) 436,966,00 Key statistics Average Max 34,064,940 79,325,000 25,840,000 95,000,000 Min 16,770,000 17,000,000 Total 73 Income from cultivation (B) Other incomes (C) 247,877,50 166,780,00 17,478,640 42,894,000 9,915,100 61,425,000 6,671,200 20,500,000 5,790,000 1,625,000 1,600,000 Appendix 3: LIST OF THE NON-PROJECT HOUSEHOLDS AND THEIR SOURCE OF INCOME PATTERNS Nong Van Chuyen Nong Van Thoai Nong Van Binh Hoang Thi Bien Nong Van Ca Hoang Van Bien Ly ThiTuyet Dao Thi Le Ly Van Trung Ly Van Be Sam Thi Dong NongThi Yen Nguyen Van Cong Duong Thi Hoang Trung Thong Hoang Van Hien Ly Van Cau Nong Van Hon Nong Van Hoan Ha Van Quoc Hoang Thi Hue Ha Van Ba Ha Van Thach Hoang Van Binh Nguyen Van Huyen Total Key statistics Average Max Min Income from cultivation (B) Other incomes (C) 18 000 000 16 000 000 14 000 000 19 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 10 000 000 18 000 000 16 000 000 19 000 000 14 000 000 17 000 000 Net income from H’Mong cow (A) 998 000 16 000 000 13 950 000 000 000 970 000 880 000 000 000 000 000 940 000 18 000 000 10 500 000 18 960 000 14 000 000 16 980 000 937 500 15 437 500 10 000 000 775 000 565 000 500 000 225 000 295 000 055 000 330 000 500 000 562 500 975 000 475 000 12 000 000 10 000 000 12 000 000 800 000 23 162 500 39 762 500 37 000 000 19 500 000 42 735 000 26 600 000 23 875 000 28 875 000 21 855 000 31 100 000 33 085 000 667,160,500 16 500 000 18 000 000 17 000 000 18 000 000 13 000 000 500 000 12 000 000 19 000 000 17 000 000 16 000 000 18 000 000 367,000,000 16 500 000 17 850 000 17 000 000 750 000 12 985 000 500 000 700 000 19 000 000 16 980 000 16 000 000 17 985 000 330,428,000 662 500 912 500 12 000 000 12 000 000 000 000 750 000 850 000 23 900 000 100 000 10 000 000 175 000 000 000 875 000 000 000 875 000 100 000 000 000 100 000 000 000 188,032,500 148,700,000 26,686,420 43,522,500 14,535,000 14,680,000 19,000,000 7,500,000 13,217,120 19,000,000 7,500,000 7,521,300 15,437,500 975,000 No of cows sold Total income (A+B+C) Sales of H'Mong cow 1 1 1 1 1 1 16 935 500 31 437 500 23 950 000 17 775 000 14 535 000 26 380 000 23 225 000 30 295 000 17 795 000 23 330 000 17 000 000 43 522 500 19 975 000 33 455 000 2 1 1 1 1 28 74 17 000 000 000 000 000 000 5,948,000 23,900,000 ... trợ hiệu Ở Việt Nam, thiếu hụt phương pháp để đánh giá tác động đầu tư, tốn thời gian, chi phí cao kỹ thuật phức vi tạp Nghiên cứu tập trung vào phân tích tác động đầu tư Quỹ Thách thức Việt Nam... nghiên cứu thứ hai vào năm 2012 với lựa chọn không ngẫu nhiên Bằng việc phân tích nghiên cứu đánh giá tác động Quỹ Thách thức Việt Nam lên Dự án chăn ni bị người Hmong tỉnh Cao Bằng, nghiên cứu. .. số thách thức liên quan đến lực đối tác thực đối tư? ??ng hưởng lợi, sẵn có Quỹ khó khăn điều kiện địa lý Một số gợi ý để nghiên cứu thêm.cũng đề cập đến Các nghiên cứu tác động đầu tư Quỹ Thách thức