Ôn tập học kỳ 1 Anh văn 10

ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP HKI – ANH VĂN 10 GRAMMAR UNIT A/ The present simple: Thì đơn I TOBE (IS/ARE/AM)  Form : 1/ Affirmative: I + am eg: I am a teacher He/ she / it / singular noun + is We / you / they / plural noun + are S + tobe + …………………… 2/ Neg : S + tobe-not + ……………… eg I’m not a student 3/ Int : - Tobe + S + ………………….?  Yes, S + tobe / No, S + tobe-not - Tobe + S +………….OR………… ?  Traû lời chọn lựa vế vế - WH/ How + tobe + S?  S + Be + ……………… II Ordinary verbs: V(Những động từ thường) * Form: 1/ Aff: I / we /you / they / Danh từ số nhiều + V (inf) + ……… eg: I work hard every day He / she / It / Danh từ số + Vs/es + …………… eg: She works hard every day 2/ Neg : S(sôù nhiều) + – not + V (inf) + ………… eg: You don’t work hard every day S(số ít) + does – not + V(inf) + …………… eg: She doesn’t work hard every day 3/ Int: - Do/Does + S + V(inf) + ……………?  Yes, S + do/does  No, S + don’t / doesn’t - OR : Nếu câu hỏi có liên từ “OR” câu trả lời cách lựa chọn hai vế câu hỏi để trả lời - Wh / How + / does + S + V(inf) + …………….?  S + V +………………… * Qui tắc thêm S / ES vào thứ số ít: - Những động từ tận là” Y “: + Trước “Y”là nguyên âm, ta thêm “s” vào sau động từ + Trước “Y”là phụ âm, ta đổûi “y” thành “i” thêm “es” - Những động từ tận : O, X, S, Z, SH, CH ta theâm “es” - Những động từ lại ta thêm “s” * Uses: - Diễn tả thói quen, hành động xảy thường xuyên - Diễn tả chân lý, thật hiển nhiên - Diễn tả sở thích, khả người * Adverbs: ften, usually, frequently: (thường) Always, constantly: luôn Sometimes, occasionally: Seldom, rarely: hiếm(ít) Every day / week / month / year ,….(moãi ngày/ tuần / tháng / năm ….) B/ The past simple: Thì khứ đơn I TOBE (was/ were)  Form : 1/ Affirmative: I/He/ she / it / singular noun + was Eg: I was a teacher ten years ago We / you / they / plural noun + were S + tobe + …………… 2/ Neg : S + tobe-not + ……………… Eg She wasn’t a student last year ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP HKI – ANH VĂN 10 3/ Int : - Tobe + S + ………………….?  Yes, S + tobe / No, S + tobe-not - Tobe + S +………….OR ………………… ? - WH/ How + tobe + S? II Ordinary verbs: V(Những động từ thường) * Form: 1/ Aff : S + V –ed + …………… Eg She worked hard last year V - II ( bất qui tắc) 2/ Neg : S+ did – not + V (inf) + …………… Eg You didn’t work hard yesterday 3/ Int: -Did + S + V(inf) + …………?  Yes, S + did/ No, S + didn’t -OR : Nếu câu hỏi có liên từ “OR” câu trả lời cách lựa chọn hai vế câu hỏi để trả lời -Wh / How + did + S + V(inf) + ………………….? * Qui tắc thêm “ED” - Những động từ tận e, ta thêm “d” - Những động từ có âm tiết, tận phụ âm, trước phụ âm nguyên âm, ta phải gấp đôi phụ âm thêm “ed” - Những đôïng từ tận “Y”: + Trước “y” nguyên âm, ta thêm “ed” vào động từ Eg Play  played + Trước “y” phụ âm, ta đổi “y” thành “i” thêm “ed” Eg Study  studied - Những động từ lại ta thêm “ed” * Uses: - Diễn tả hành động xảy có thời điểm xác định rõ ràng khứ - Diễn tả hành động xảy khứ, kết thúc khứ, không liên hệ đếùn - Diễn tả thói quen khứ,bây không *Adverbs: ago(cách đây), last (night,……………………), yesterday, in+năm (trong khư) C/ ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY ( NHỮNG TRẠNG TỪ CHỈ MỨC ĐỘ THƯỜNG XUYÊN) Những trạng từ mức độ thường xuyên đứng trước động từ thường , đứng sau động từ tobe Always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, rarely, never as a rule : đứng đầu câu Những cụm từ mức độ thường xuyên: thường đứng cuối câu Every day / week/ month / year… Once a ( per) day /week / month/ year Twice Three times…  Đặt câu hỏi ta duøng : HOW OFTEN ………………………………? EXERCISES I PHONETICS a Pick out the word whose underlined part is pronounce differently from those of the others: A break B lead C take D neighbour A children B contented C rest D friendly A alarm B driver C buffalo D passenger A routine B house C plough D without A office B drop C tobacco D plot II Pick out the word whose stress differently from those of the others: A harrow B buffalo C tobacco D neighbour ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP HKI – ANH VĂN 10 D friendly D fellow D dinner A children B contented C kitchen A office B pedal C repair A alarm B exactly C transplant II VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR A Match the italicized verbs in column A with their meanings in column B A 10 When did the plane take off? The thieves ran away when the burglar alarm went off Let's take a break We'll go on when you are ready Could you wake me up early tomorrow? She laughed and chatted happily with other women Did anyone see Sue getting off the bus? Suddenly, the plane seemed to dip and we realized we were in danger I've given up trying to understand her We had trouble putting up the tent in the dark Fire fighters soon put out the fire B a building b move downward c made stop burning d leave the ground e talked in a friendly way f stopped g leaving h make stop sleeping i continue j rang B C Prepositions The alarm went at 5.30 and everybody got up Why aren’t you usually satisfied everything you’ve got? The taxi can’t drop us our office because there is a ban on vehicles this street Mr Lam usually helps his passengers put their purchases the cyclo My children often chat on line their daily life their friends Simple Present and Simple Past tenses There (1) .(be) three adults and two children in the Bartons The children (2) (be) Ben, aged twelve, and little Stella, who is four Their parents are Andrew and Marion The other adult is Leslie, who is Andrew's brother He is twenty-four They (3) (live) in Newcastle, a large city in the north-east of England On weekday mornings, everyone (4)……(get up) early Andrew Barton (5)……(work) for a company which (6)…… (manufacture) computers He (7)…… (leave) at seven o'clock He (8)……(like) to avoid the rush hour, he says Marion (9)…….(suspect) that really he (10)……(want) to avoid having breakfast with the children, who (11) ……(be) very noisy Ben (12) (catch) the school bus at eight-fifteen Leslie (13)…… (be) at university studying physics He (14) (live) away from home during term-time, so he (15)……(avoid) the noise, too Stella (16)……(not go) to school yet, of course Next year, she will start at the nursery school where Ben used to go Her mother (17)……(look) forward to this, as it will mean that she can go back to work Before her marriage, she (18)……(live) in London, where she (19)……(work) for the National Gallery She (20)……(hope) to find the same sort of job in Newcastle UNIT2 I/ WH-QUESTIONS : WH + be + S ?  S + be +………………………… HOW + be + S ?  S + be + ADJ WH / HOW + DO/DOES/ DID + S + V (inf) + ? WH / HOW + WILL/SHALL + S + V (inf) + ? WH / HOW + HAVE/HAS + S + P.P(ED/III)+ ? WH / HOW + HAD + S + P.P(ED/III)+ ? WH / HOW + IS/ARE/AM + S + V -ING + ? WH / HOW + WERE/WAS + S + V -ING + ? WH / HOW + IS/ARE/AM + S + GOING TO+V(inf) + ? II/ REFERøENCE LIST OF VERBS FOLLOWED BY GERUNDS (ĐỨNG SAU CÁC ĐỘNG TỪ SAU LÀ V-ING) ĐỀ CƯƠNG ƠN TẬP HKI – ANH VĂN 10 admit: thú nhận advise: khuyên anticipate:mong appreciate: cảmkích avoid: lãng tránh complete: hoàn tất 7.consider: suy xét delay: trì hoãn deny: chối 10 discuss: thảo luận 11 dislike: không thich 12 enjoy: thích 13 finish: hoàn thành 14 forget quên 15 can’t help ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP HKI – ANH VĂN 10 16 keep: tiếp tục 31 stop: dừng lại 17 mention: nói tới, đề cập 32 suggest: đề ø nghị 18 mind: phiền 33 tolerate: chấp nhận 19 miss: nhỡ,bỏ lỡù 34 understand: hiểu 20 postpone: trì hoãn 35 fancy: muốn,tưởng tượng 21 practice: luyện tập 36 imagine: tưởng tượng 22.quit:bỏ 37 involve: đòi hỏi phải 23 recall: nhớ 38 justify: chứng minh 24 recollect: tập hợp 39 escape: trốn thoát 25 recommend: khuyên,đềnghị 40 excuse: xin lỗi 26 regret: hối tiếc 41 save: cứu thoát 27 remember: nhớ 42 stand: chịu đựng 28 resent: tức giận 43 forgive: tha lỗi 29 resist: chống lại,phản đối 44 endure: chịu đựng 30 risk: làm liều -Danh động từ cịn sử dụng đứng sau động từ khác như: call, catch, discover, feel, find, hear, get, imagine, keep, leave, notice, see, send, set, stop, watch,… + V-ing Chú ý: Các động từ theo sau: allow , advise, forbit permit ,… + allow , advise, forbit vaø permit,………… + V-ing : tân ngữ người đứng sau chúng, ta dùng V-ing + allow , advise, forbit permit,…………… + O + to inf : có tân ngữ người đứng sau chúng, ta dùng to inf - Danh động từ sử dụng liên từ, sau trạng từ như: while, when, if,……… Eg: He continued to speak while walking down the path * GO+ V-ING go birdwatching go hiking 15.go sightseeing go boating go hunting 16.go skating go bowling 10.go jogging 17.go sledding go camping 11.go mountain climbing 18.go swimming go canoeing 12.go running 19.go tobogganing go dancing 13.go sailing 20.go window shopping go fishing 14.go shopping * NHỮNG ĐỘNG TỪ THEO SAU VỪA LÀ V-ING VỪA LÀ TO INF (nghóa không thay đổi)  thường dùng V-ing 1.begin 5.prefer dread:sợ, ngán ngẩm 2.start 6.hate 10.intend:có ý định 3.like 7.continue 4.love attempt:cố gắng Eg I started to learn English in 2006 I started learning English in 2006 * NHỮNG ĐỘNG TỪ THEO SAU VỪA LÀ V-ING VỪA LÀ TO INF (nhưng ý nghóa khác nhau) REMEMBER(nhớ ) ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP HKI – ANH VĂN 10 Eg You remember to close the doors before leaving the house Eg I can remember sending the letter I sent it yesterday - remember + to inf: nhớ trước làm điều - remember + V-ing: nhớ lại việc làm FORGET ( quên) - forget + to inf: quên trước làm Eg I don’t forget to close the door before leaving the house (forgetclose) - forget + V-ing: quên việc làm Eg I forget sending you a letter ( send forget) REGRET - regret + to inf : lấy làm tiếc Eg Kate regretted to get a bad mark - regret + V-ing : hối hận Eg I regret spending all the money which my mother gave me yesterday STOP - stop + to inf: dừng lại việc để làm việc khác Eg He was walking along the road and he stopped to talk with me - stop + V-ing : dừng hẳn môït việc Eg He stopped smoking years ago “Remember, forget, regret” với to inf hành động tương lai với V-ing hành động qua TRY -try+ to inf : cố gắng làm việc Eg If you don’t try to work hard, you won’t pass the exam - try + V-ing : thử làm việc Eg I tried drinking wine but can’t drink it MEAN - mean + to inf: coù ý định làm Eg I meant to phone you but I forgot - mean + V-ing : có nghóa laø Eg I’m applying for a visa It means filling in this form GO ON - go on + to inf : Tiếp tục làm điều khác (AB) Eg The teacher introduced himself and went on to explain the lesson - go on + V-ing : tiếp tục điều làm (A) Eg I went on working all night NEED - need + to inf : Mang nghóa chủ động ( chủ ngữ người ta dùng to inf) Eg You need to iron your clothes now - need + V-ing: Mang nghóa bị động ( chủ ngữ vật ta dùng V-ing) Eg your clothes need ironing now * ĐỨNG SAU NHỮNG CỤM TỪ SAU LÀ V-ING have fun, have a good time, have trouble, have difficulty, have a hard time, have a difficult time + V-ing spend + expression of time or money + V-ing Eg I spent two hours washing my clothes waste + expression of time or money + V-ing sit / stand / lie + expression of place + V-ing find / catch + pro(noun) + V-ing Give up + V-ing : từ bỏ Carry on + V-ing : tiếp tục It is no use + V-ing : Thật vô ích be worth + V-ing : đáng kể look forward to + V-ing: trông đợi ĐỀ CƯƠNG ƠN TẬP HKI – ANH VĂN 10 It is no good + V-ing : chẳng tích Keep / keep on + V-ing : tiếp tục take to + V-ing: bắt đầu, It is impossible + V-ing : be busy + V-ing : bận rộn can’t stand + v-ing There is no + V-ing : cách Put off + V-ing : hoãn lại can’t help + V-ing can’t bear can’t resist + V-ing: khoâng cưỡng laïi dược VI/ Đứng sau giới từ l: V-ing B/ GRAMMAR: INFINITIVE WITH TO - INFINITIVE WITHOUT TO I/ Infinitive with to ( To inf): Đứng sau dạng sau ta dùng To inf -Đứng sau động từ sau động từ nguyên mẫu có to ( xem bảng 4.8) - Đứng sau tính từ : S + be + adj + To inf eg It’s nice to have a place of y our own ( Ngoaïi trừ busy , worth sau chúng V-ing) - Đứng sau for & of + O + to inf Eg We’ve arranged for you to visit our head office It was kind of you to help - Sau từ nghi vấn : Wh / h ow + to inf Eg We don’t know where to leave our coats - Ch ỉ mục đích & kết Eg I learn English to communicate with foreigners II/ Infinitive without to (động từ nguyên mẫu to): Đứng sau dạng sau ta dùng động từ nguyên mẫu không to - Đứng sau độâng từ sau:là động nguyên mẫu to + Sau động từ khiếm khuyết như: can,must , may, shall, ought to, should , might,…………… + Đi với be able to, be about to, be all owed to, be going to, ought to, used to Eg We aren’t all owed to park here The game is about to start + Sau động từ cảm quan như: see, hear, feel, watch + V(bare inf) / V-ing + Sau độnh từ cầu khiến như: make, let, have Nhưng động từ dùng thể bị động ta chuyển đôïng từ sau qua thành to inf + Sau động từ như: had better, would rather, had sooner………………… + Sau except & but (ngoại trừ) Eg As for the housework, I everything except cook + Sau Why Why not? Eg Why not stay for a while? ( = Why don’t you stay for a while?) * make sb s.th(bắt, buộc làm gì) =force sb to s.th = cause sb to s.th(khiến làm gì) * let sb s.th = allow sb to s.th : để, cho phép làm Chú ý: would rather + V(bare inf) …+ than… S + be / get used to + V-ing +…… Prefer + V-ing … + to …… S + used to + V (bare inf) +………… Prefer + Noun … + to …… Would like (‘d like) / would love (‘d love) + to inf IMPROVING EXERCISE I Pronunciation and stress : ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP HKI – ANH VĂN 10 A mother A family A.change A Physics A children A opinion B love B start B teaching B.History B student B semester C.office C ask C chemistry C Biology C professor C nervous D one D father D children D Chemistry D teacher D relax II Grammar A Use a suitable form of tenses A: Do you enjoy (7.be) …………….…at university ? B: Yes, I Although I often miss (8.see) ………………………… my old school friends A: Don’t you mind (9.travel) ……………… … so fast every day ? B: No, it only takes me an hour or so (10 get )………… … there Sometimes I manage (11 work)………… on the bus A: Don’t you find all the noise and people prevent you from ( 12.concentrate )……………… B: Not really I usually a bit of reading Are you still at school or have you got a job ? A: I’m still at school I hope (13 go ) ……… ………… to university next year, but I haven’t applied anywhere yet B: You should apply soon It’s getting late B : Where would you advise me (14.apply )………… ? A: What subject are you studying ? B: Maths and Physics I want (15 study ) …………………… Physics at university A: I would recommend (16 apply ) …………………….… to Newton University B Choose the best Wh- questions : 17 To ……………are you talking ? ( whom, who, whose, that ) 18 ……………… did you buy that car ? – In September ( When, Where, How, How long ) 19 ….is your national flag ? – Red and yellow ( What, Which of color, What color, Which ) 20 ……………….is your new school ? – It is clean and nice ( What, How, Where, When ) 21 ……………… bag are you carrying ? Judy’s ( Which, What, Who’s, Whose ) III Vocabulary A Word forms 22 The company is planning to take in another 100……………………… ( employ ) 23 He tried to make his speech more ……………………….….( entertain ) 24 The school prepares students for a wide range of …… … qualifications ( profession ) 25 The store was ……………………………….….………… with shoppers ( crowd ) 26 He lost his job because he worked …………………………( effect ) B Supply the correct preposition ( if any ) and the –ing form of the verbs in brackets 27 Thank you………………………………………( help ) me 28 My sister is good …………………………….( play ) tennis 29 He needs to practice ………….…… ( speak ) English more 30 She is afraid …………………… ……….( cross ) the street 31 She is not interested ……………… ( learn ) to speak French 32 John insisted ……………………………….( buy ) a new bike 33 We are thinking ……………………….…… ( study ) French 34 I have no objection ………… ………… ( carry ) out the plan ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP HKI – ANH VĂN 10 35 I don’t think he’s accused ……………….( drive ) on the right 36 Mary gets tired………………………………( ) housework IV Writing: Rewrite sentences 37 Having to get up early in the morning is awful to me.( hate) 38 May I borrow your bike ? ( Would you mind….?) 39 Didn’t your mum let you speak a word ? ( make) 40 I’ll finish the work tonight if you like ( Would you like…?) ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP HKI – ANH VĂN 10 UNIT ( QKÑ & QKHT) THE PAST PERFECT TENSE ( THÌ QUÁ KHỨ HOÀN THÀNH) 1/ Aff: S + HAD + P.Ped / III + ……………………… 2/ Neg: S + HAD - NOT + P.Ped / III + …………………… 3/ Int: - HAD + S + P.Ped / III + …….? - Yes, S + had / No, S + hadn’t - OR - WH / HOW + HAD + S + P.Ped / III + ……………………………….? * CÁCH DÙNG: - Diễn tả hành động khứ xảy trước thời điểm khứ - Diễn tả hành động khứ xảy trước hành động khác khứ - Khi tường thuật kiện , hành động khứ Eg I told her that I had finished my homework - Trong mệnh đề IF câu điều kiện loại 3, diều ước không that khứ Thường kèm với từ sau: before, after, when IMPROVING EXERCISE I Choose the word that has the underlined letter a father b education c background a private b shy c hard a brilliant b tragic c hatred a death b year c receive a prevent b grade c determine a awarded b academic c address (s) pronounced /e / or/ d career d rare d mature d teacher d English d another / II Complete the passage with correct form of the words from the box force determine possible start write physic physic final educate establish Elizabeth Blackwell was born in England in 1821 and (1) to New York City when she was ten years old One day she decided that she wanted to become a doctor That was nearly (2) for a woman in the middle of the nineteenth century After (3) many letters seeking admission to medical schools, she was (4) accepted by a doctor in Philadelphia So (5) was she that she taught school and gave music lessons to earn money for her tuition In 1849, after graduation from medical school, she decided to further her (6) in Paris She wanted to be a surgeon, but a serious eye infection (7) her to abandon the idea Upon returning the United States, she found it difficult (8) her own practice because she was a woman By 1857, Elizabeth and her sister, also a doctor, along with another female doctor, managed to open a new hospital, the first for women and children Besides being the first female (9) in the United States and founding her own hospital, she also (10) the first medical school for women III Add a sentence with the past perfect, using the notes Claire looked very suntanned when I saw her last week She had just been on holiday (just/ be on holiday) We rushed to the station, but we were too late (the train/ just/ go) I didn't have an umbrella, but that didn't matter (the rain/ stop) When got to the concert hall they wouldn't let me in (forget/ my ticket) Someone got the number of the car the raiders used (steal' it' a week before) was really pleased to see Rachel again yesterday (not see/ her/ for ages) Luckily, the flat didn't look too bad when my parents called in (just/ clean / it) The boss invited me to lunch yesterday, but I had to refuse the invitation 10 ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP HKI – ANH VĂN 10 Did you say that you here only three days ago? a were coming b had come c have come d come By the time he arrived at the party, all his classmates a has left b left c was leaving d had left When I was a child .the violin 9 a I was playing b I had played c I play d I played It's two years .Joe a that I don't see b that I haven't seen c since I didn't see d since I saw The man sitting next to me on the plane was nervous because he before a hasn't flown b didn't fly c hadn't flown d wasn't flying They in Scotland for ten years Now they live in London a lived b have lived c has been living d had lived As soon as Laura the house, it started to rain a has left b was leaving c had left had been leaving Sorry we're late, we the wrong turning a had taken b were taking c took d are taking We in New York for ten years and then we here in 1987 a have lived/ moved b lived / moved c lived/ had moved d had lived / moved When Martin the car he took it out for a drive a had repaired b has repaired c repaired d was repairing We them before the reception yesterday a haven't met b hadn't met c didn't meet d wouldn't meet Karen didn't want to come to the cinema with us because she the film a has already seen b already had seen c had already seen UNIT d saw I/ The + adjective: để nhóm người xã hội Adj The adjective - deaf ( điếc)  The deaf ( người điếc) The rich: người giàu - rich ( giàu)  The rich ( người giàu) The poor: người nghèo - poor ( nghèo)  The poor ( người nghèo) The weak: kẻ yếu -homeless  The homeless (những người vô gia cư) The unemployment: người thất nghiệp The blind: người mù The sick: người bệnh The young: người trẻ / thiếu niên The old: người già The elderly: người đứng tuổi Lưu ý: danh từ thuộc loại luôn mang nghóa số nhiều động từ theo sau chúng phải chia dạng số nhiều Eg The rich are always able to buy everything they want II/ Used to + infinitive: diễn tả thói quen khứ không Used to: trước thường, 1/ Affirmative: S + used to + V(inf) + ………………… Eg I used to play chess when I was a child 2/ Negative : S + did-not + use to + V(inf) + ……………… Eg I didn’t use to play football when I was a child 3/ Interrogative: - Did + S + use to + V(inf) + …………….? Yes, S + did / No, S + didn’t - Wh / How + did + S + use to + V(inf) + …………….? - OR: Did + S + use to + V(inf) + …………….OR……………… ? > Câu trả lời cách lựa chọn hai vế Chú ý: used to be used to khác nhau: S + used to + V(inf)+……… Chỉ thói quen khứ S +be / get + used to + V-ing + ………… Trở nên quen với việc ta quen làm tương lai 12 ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP HKI – ANH VĂN 10 Eg I am used to living here III/ Which: đại từ quan hệ dùng để thay cho danh từ vật vật đứng trước nó,nó đứng đầu mệnh đề quan hệ, đưa mệnh đề đứng liền sau danh từ mà thay -Which : Làm chủ từ tân ngữ mệnh đề phụ Làm chủ từ: This is the car It is mine  This is the car which is mine Làm tân ngữ: a Tân ngữ cho động từ The car is very expensive He bought it last month  The car which he bought last month is very expensive V O  Làm tân ngữ cho động từ ta bỏ which b Tân ngữ cho giới từ: có cách Eg This is the picture She is looking at it  This is the picture which she is looking at Pre O  This is the picture at which she is looking * which dùng để thay cho mệnh đề đứng trước - Nó dùng liên từ nối - Trước phải có dấu phẩy Eg He got 10 marks This pleased his father  He got 10 marks, which pleased his father IMPROVING EXERCISE III Rewrite the sentences using a phrase with the and an adjective instead of the underlined phrases People who have lots of money have comfortable lives The rich have comfortable Lives We Five near special school for people who can't hear The old soldiers were holding a service for those who had died The government should more for people who not have enough money I'm doing a course on caring for people who are mentally handicapped We need to provide more shelters for people who are without place to live People with severe disabilities need full-time care Life must be hard for people who not have a job in our society today What can We to feed people who not have enough to eat Braille is a reading system for people who are unable to see IV Complete the sentences using the adjective in brackets Put in e.g the hungry or the hungry people Rich nations can afford to feed the hungry The homeless people whose story appeared in this paper last week have now found a place to live .(sick) need to be looked after so money must be spent on hospitals Some of .(young) at the youth club here are running in a marathon Life is all right if you have a job, but the , are not so easy for (unemployed) There was a fire at a nursing home in-Charles Street (old) who live there were hurt 13 ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP HKI – ANH VĂN 10 What is the government doing to help (poor)? (homeless) usually have great difficulty un getting a job There is a special television program for (deaf) every Sunday morning (disabled) of our party were let in free V Write a sentence for each of the following using used or didn't use to Dennis gave up smoking two years ago Dennis used to smoke a lot When Barbara was in Italy, she stayed with an Italian family _ I quite like drinking coffee in the morning , although I wasn’t keen on it when I was younger We seem to have lost interest in our work I don't mind traveling, by train now I went to the church when I was a child Since we've lived in the countryside we've been much happier Mr Micheal grew tulips but he doesn't any more I prefer listening to classical music now, although when I was young I couldn't stand it My sister looked so fat when she returned from Paris VI Choose the correct form of the verbs It is sometimes said that there is nothing new in the world of fashion Annabelle was a well-known model during; the seventies When her children were in their early teens they (1) were enjoying,/ used to enjoy looking at her old photo albums They (2) were finding/ found it hard to believe that she (3) was wearing used to wear such strange clothes (4) Did people really use to think/ Were people really thinking flared trousers looked good? And those-ugly platform shoes! She (5) was admitting/ admitted that people (6) were often falling/ often used to fall over because the heels were so high In the early nineties, however Annabelle noticed to her amusement that seventies styles (7) were/ used to be in fashion again 'I (8) planned/ was planning to throw all my old clothes away,' she said, 'but my daughter went to a party last week, and guess what she (9) used to wear/ was, wearing that's right, some of my old clothes!' VII Match the sentence pair and join them with which A B My phone is out of order It means he can't get about very easily 2., Rachel's mother paid for the meal This was good for the garden My brother is disabled It's made her very depressed You left the key in the car That was very kind of her Vicky didn't get the job This surprised everybody The police blocked off the road That seemed to amuse everyone It rained all night That was rather careless of you David helped me clear up That caused a traffic jam Tom pushed Nick into the swimming pool It's a real nuisance 10 Jim passed his driving test That was very kind of him My phone is out of order, which is a real nuisance 14 ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP HKI – ANH VĂN 10 10 UNIT ĐẠI TỪ QUAN HỆ : I WHICH: đại từ quan hệ dùng để thay cho danh từ vật vật đứng trước nó,nó đứng đầu mệnh đề quan hệ, đưa mệnh đề đứng liền sau danh từ mà thay -Which : Làm chủ từ tân ngữ mệnh đề phụ s Làm chủ từ: This is the car It is mine  This is the car which is mine Laøm tân ngữ: a Tân ngữ cho động từ The car is very expensive He bought it last month  The car which he bought last month is very expensive V O  Làm tân ngữ cho động từ ta bỏ which b Tân ngữ cho giới từ: có cách Eg This is the picture She is looking at it  This is the picture which she is looking at Pre O  This is the picture at which she is looking * WHICH dùng để thay cho mệnh đề đứng trước - Nó dùng liên từ nối - Trước phải có dấu phẩy Eg He got 10 marks This pleased his father  He got 10 marks, which pleased his father II WHO: đại từ quan hệ người, dùng để thay cho danh từ người, đứng liền sau danh từ người mà thay Làm chủ ngữ: WHO Eg That is the girl She has won the medal  That is the girl who has won the medal S Làm tân ngữ : WHO / WHOM a Tân ngữ cho động từ: who / whom Eg The woman is my aunt You saw her yesterday  The woman whom/who you saw yesterday is my aunt Tân ngữ cho động từ ta bỏ WHOM  The woman you saw yesterday is my aunt b Tân ngữ cho giới từ: có cách Eg The girl is very beautiful He is looking at her  The girl whom/who he is looking at is very beautiful  The girl at whom he is looking is very beautiful  Chú ý: Trường hợp động từ có giới từ : _ Ta lược bỏ WHICH , WHOM , WHO giới từ đứng sau _ Ta không bỏ WHICH, WHOM giới từ đứng trước chúng THAT : đại từ quan hệ người lẫn vật THAT dùng thay cho WHO/WHOM/WHICH mệnh đề quan hệ xác định (được câu dấu phẩy giới từ đứng trước chúng) MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ XÁC ĐỊNH:là mệnh đề bắt buột phải có để xác định nghóa cho từ đứng trước Nó không nằm hai dấu phẩy 15 ĐỀ CƯƠNG ƠN TẬP HKI – ANH VĂN 10 MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ KHÔNG XÁC ĐỊNH : mệnh đề giải thích, bổ túc thêm nghóa cho từ đứng trước xác định Nếu ta bỏ mệnh đề nghóa câu đầy đủ Nó đặt hai đấu phẩy dấu phẩy Eg The Thames, which flows through London, is a very beautiful river Cần ý: a Phải dùng “that” trường hợp sau, không dùng who, whom, which - Sau tân ngữ hỗn hợp (cả người lẫn vật) Eg I saw the men and cattle that went to the field - Sau tính từ cực cấp ( so sánh nhất) the first , the last, the only, the very, the most, the best…… Eg He was the only man that could enter her house - Sau đại từ bất định nhö all, much, little, nothing , anything, noone, someone, everything, Eg I have never seen anyone that is as lovely as she b Không dùng “that” trường hợp sau: - Đại từ quan hệ có giới từ đứng trước không dùng THAT: The house in which I live is my father’s ( Không dùng “that”) - Đại từ quan hệ nằm mệnh đề không giới hạn hai dấu phẩy dấu phẩy không dùng THAT Eg John, who likes to tell Jokes , is my close friend (Không dùng “that”) DẠNG RÚT GỌN CỦA MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ 1/ Mệnh đề quan hệ rút gọn cách dùng participle phrases Có loại participle phrases a Present participle phrases cụm từ bắt đầu present participle (V_ING) b Past participle phrases cụm từ bắt đầu past participle ( V-3/ed) * Cách rút gọn mệnh đề quan hệ participle phrases: - Nếu động từ mệnh đề quan hệ thể chủ động (active) , ta dùng Present participle phrase thay cho mệnh đề ( bỏ đại từ quan hệ trợ động từ, đưa động từ nguyên mẫu theâm ING) Eg1 The man who is sitting next to you is my uncle  The man sitting next to you is my uncle 2.Do you know the boy who broke the windows last night? Do you know the boy breaking the windows last night? * Nếu động từ mệnh đề quan hệ thể bị động ( passive) , ta dùng past participle phrase ( bỏ đại từ quan hệ trợ động từ, bắt đầu cụm từ baèng V_3/ed) Eg1 The books which were written by To Hoai are interesting  The books written by To Hoai are interesting The students who were punished by the teacher are lazy. The students punished by the teacher are lazy The house which is being built now belongs to Mr Pike. The house built now belongs to Mr Pike 2/ Mệnh đề quan hệ rút gọn cách dùng “ To-inf” “ inf phrase” ( for + O + to-inf ) Eg English is an important language which we have to master  English is an important language to master There is a good restaurant where we can eat good food. There is a good restaurant to eat good food That is the hotel where we can stay  That is the hotel to stay There is a lot of homework which has to be done.There is a lot of homework to be done Here is a form that you must fill in  Here is a form for you to fill in I don’t like him playing in the street ; I wish we had a garden that he could play in 16 ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP HKI – ANH VĂN 10  I don’t like him playing in the street ; I wish we had a garden for him to play in Chú ý : Hai chủ từ mệnh đề mệnh đề quan hệ khong trùng ta dùng for + O + to inf II/ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH Chủ động chủ ngữ gây hành động Bị động chủ ngữ tiếp nhận hành động, không gây hành động Chủ động : S + have / has (not) + P.P –ed/III + O Bò ñoäng : S(O) + have / has (not) + been + P.P –ed/III + by + O(S) IMPROVING EXERCISE I Below you have some of the amazing achievements of modern technology Match the names in column A with the definitions in column B Video recorder a a kind of sophisticated typewriter using a computer Photocopier b machine which records and plays back sound fax machine c a machine which records and plays back sound and pictures tape recorder d a camera which records Moving Pictures and sound modem e a machine for chopping up, slicing, mashing, blending camcorder f a machine which makes copies of documents word processor g a machine which makes copies of documents and sends them down telephone lines to another place food processor h a piece of equipment allowing you to send information from one computer down telephone lines to another computer II Fill in the blanks with appropriate words in the box Use your dictionary if you need laptops hard downloaded virus Internet scanner websites floppy surfing software chat forum It's so easy to use a when you want to send photographs to friends by e-mail Its just like using a photocopier I've lost a lot of data I wonder if my computer has a I'm always impressed by people who carry their on aero planes and work on them during the flight Those disks don't store nearly enough information You really need to use your disk for all the data you want to store If you want some photos of the USA you could just try the Web You'll be amazed how many you can find I belong to a `great There are about ten people who are all interested in 1960s music We e-mail one another almost every day, and can talk live to one another I a good program from the Internet the other day Would you like a copy? Do you ever visit any for pop stars or film stars'? Some of them have photos and music too 10 is the programs that you put into a computer to make it run 11 Students should be encouraged to use the as a resource III Complete the second sentence so that it follows on from the first Use the present perfect My hair is tidy now I've brushed my hair The door is open Someone _ the door This is Oliver's drawing look: Oliver _a picture The calculator is broken Someone _ the calculator United are the winners United _ the game There's no more wine in the bottle We _ all the Wine 17 ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP HKI – ANH VĂN 10 The floor is clean now I _the floor I know my number now I _ number by heart The guests are here now The guests _ Fin still working on the computer I with the computer yet IV Read the following passage and put the verbs in the correct form, present perfect or past simple Twenty years ago few people (1) .(realize) that computers were about to become part of our daily lives This short period of time (2) (see) enormous changes, in business education and administration jobs which (3) .(take) weeks to complete in the past, are now carried out in minutes Clerks who (4) (spend) all day copying and checking calculations are now freed from these tedious tasks In offices, the soft hum and clicking of word processors (5) (replace) the clatter of typewriters Schoolchildren (6) (become) as familiar with hardware and software as their parents (7) (be) with pencils and exercise books Computerization of public records (8) (enable) government departments to analyze the needs of citizens in detail Some of us may wonder, however, whether life (9) (really/ improve) as a result of these chimes Many jobs (10) (disappear), for example, when intelligent machines (11) .(take) over the work Employers complain that clerical staff (12) (become) dependent on calculators and cannot simple arithmetic There are fears that government (13) .(not/do) enough to ensure that personal information held on computers is really kept secret Certainly, many people may now be wondering whether the spread of computers (14) (bring) us as many problems as it (15) (solve) V Use the words and phrases to make sentences in the present perfect passive Make any other necessary changes and additions These words/ spell! wrongly? Mike/ offer/ opportunity; study abroad The package/ deliver/ yet? Have you heard about David? He/ attack/ a bull Three hostages/ murder/ terrorists Millions of pounds' worth of damage/ cause,' a storm Me house at the end of the street/ sell/ last month you/ ever bite/ a dog? These machines/ not use/ at least five years The road/ block/ an hour/ after/ accident VI Fill in the blank with a verb from the box in the correct tense of the passive Use each verb once only used to drink already pay freeze beat cut blow down collect speak leave Mary kept trying to talk to me while my hair _ This money box for two years A lot of trees _in the storm last summer Those suitcases behind if you aren't careful The rent , I think Spanish differently in Spain and in Colombia _ any tests since last month Beer _ for breakfast in England years ago At present the champagne glasses in a big box When we came the stadium, the home team…………… by to 18 ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP HKI – ANH VĂN 10 UNIT I/ THE PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE : (HIỆN TẠI TIẾP DIỄN) 1/ Aff: S + IS / ARE / AM + V-ING + ……………………… Eg She is teaching now 2/ Neg: S + IS / ARE / AM – NOT + V-ING + ………………… Eg She isn’t cleaning the house now 3/ Int: - IS / ARE / AM + S + V-ING + ……………………….?  Yes, S + tobe / No, S + tobe-not - Or - WH / HOW + IS / ARE / AM + S + V-ING + …………… ?  CÁCH DÙNG : - Diễn tả hành động diễn kéo dài thời gian , diễn lúc nói - Diễn tả hành động diễn có hành động khác xen vào (hành động diễn chia tiếp diễn, hành động khác xen vào chia đơn) - Diễn tả hai nhiều hành động xảy lúc ( tất chia tiếp diễn) - Diễn tả hành động xảy tương lai gần Eg he ís coming tomorrow Những câu nói bắt đầu moat động từ mệnh đề sau phải chia tiếp diễn * NHỮNG TRẠNG TỪ THƯỜNG ĐI CHUNG VỚI THÌ NÀY LÀ: NOW, RIGHT NOW, AT PRESENT, AT THE MOMENT  CAÙC QUI TẮC THÊM - ING : - Nếu động từ tận “E” ta bỏ “E” thêm “ING” ( Ngoại trừ động từ sau: to age(già đi), to dye ( nhuộm), to single ( cháy xém) động từ tận “EE” không bỏ “E”) - Nếu động từ có âm tiết , tận phụ âm ,trước phụ âm nguyên âm ta phải gấp đôi phụ âm thêm _ING: runrunning ( Ngoại trừ động từ kết thúc W Y không gấp đôi) - Nếu động từ có hai âm tiết hai âm tiết, tận phụ âm ,trước phụ âm nguyên âm dấu trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết cuối ta gấp đôi phụ âm thêm –ING : BEGIN  BEGINNING - Nếu động từ tận “IE” ta đổi “IE” thành “Y” thêm _ING : LIE  LYING - Nếu tận “L” mà trước nguyên âm đơn ta gấp đôi “L” thêm –ING : TRAVEL  TRAVELLING CHÚ Ý: Không dùng thể tiếp diễn với động từ nhận thức tri giác như: to be, see, hear, understand, know, like, want, glance, feel, think, smell, love, hate,remember, realize, seem , forget, belong to, believe,…… Neáu ta thấy chúng thể tiếp diễn ta chuyển chúng thành thể đơn II/ THE NEAR FUTURE TENSE ( THÌ TƯƠNG LAI GẦN) 1/ Aff: S + IS / ARE / AM + GOING TO + V ( inf) + ………………… 2/ Neg: S + IS / ARE / AM – NOT + GOING TO + V ( inf) + ……………… 3/ Int: - IS / ARE / AM + S + GOING TO + V ( inf) + ………? Yes, S + tobe / No, S + tobe- not - WH / HOW + IS / ARE / AM + S + GOING TO + V ( inf) + ………………? * CÁCH DÙNG: - Dùng để diễn tả hành động xảy tương lai mà định từ trước có kế hoạch từ trước - Để diễn tả hành động xảy mà tượng xuất Look! It’s going to rain Chú ý: Những động từ di chuyển come, go, arrive, travel, return, move ta xác định chúng tương lai gần ta phải chuyển thành tiếp diễn 19 ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP HKI – ANH VĂN 10 EXERCISES I Use the correct form of verbs ( will do, be going to do, be V-ing ) Which project …………( you/ work ) on next ? I haven’t decided for sure Probably the Spacemobile Would you like to join Linda and me tomorrow? We ……………( visit ) the natural history museum I’ve decided to try and learn a foreign language ? Have you ? Which language ……… ( you/ learn ) ? Look at those cars ! They …………………………………… ( crash ) We are having a party next weekend Great ! Who ……………… ……………….( you/ invite ) ? I hope that you …………………( have ) a good time tomorrow It’s very cold I …………….( light ) a fire I’ve bought a piano It ……………….( deliver ) this afternoon There is an international football match on TV tonight Liverpool ……… ( play ) against Manchester 10 The weather forecast says that it is 33o C and tomorrow it ……………….( be hotter ) 11 I ……… ( meet ) Mr Thompson at the airport at 4o’clock this afternoon 12 I ……………( come and see ).and help you with your work, I promise 13 The meeting …………… ( organize ) this afternoon 14 You are going to leave for Paris on Sunday, …………….? ( tag question ) 15 It’s my birthday soon ( I/ be ) twenty next Friday “ Oh, really ? .(you/ have ) a party ? II Complete these sentences with either be going to or Present progressive , using verbs : increase, teach, sit, complain, start, meet, stop, answer, play, get 16 I can’t go any further I …………… on that bench for a while 17 The game ………………at two o’clock tomorrow I hope you can be there 18 The service here is very slow I ………………to the manager if we’re not served soon 19 I have a right to be heard, and no-one …………… me from putting my side of the argument 20 The two leaders………… for talks later this afternoon 21 Are you …………… my questions or not ? 22 The bank announced that it …………… its interest rates by one percent from tomorrow 23 I have to get up early tomorrow I ………….a physics class at 8.00 in the morning 24 Before I apply for the job, I ……………….more information about it 25 Brazil …………….Columbia in today’s final III - Rewrite the sentences 26 We’ve arranged to start the trip at a,m tomorrow We are……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 27 We plan to travel to France next year We are 28 “Why don’t we go to Australia on vacation?”, John suggests John suggests 29 She has no intention of buying a car She is 30 Mary had the habit of going on excursions with her classmates at the end of every month Mary used 31 It is a two-hour flight from Hanoi to Ho Chi Minh city It takes 20 ... discuss: thảo luận 11 dislike: không thich 12 enjoy: thích 13 finish: hoàn thành 14 forget quên 15 can’t help ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP HKI – ANH VĂN 10 16 keep: tiếp tục 31 stop: dừng lại 17 mention: nói... boating go hunting 16 .go skating go bowling 10 .go jogging 17 .go sledding go camping 11 .go mountain climbing 18 .go swimming go canoeing 12 .go running 19 .go tobogganing go dancing 13 .go sailing 20.go... 14 ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP HKI – ANH VĂN 10 10 UNIT ĐẠI TỪ QUAN HỆ : I WHICH: đại từ quan hệ dùng để thay cho danh từ vật vật