Unit 8 our world heritage sites

UNIT 8: OUR WORLD HERITAGE SITES (CÁC DI SẢN THẾ GIỚI CỦA CHÚNG TA) A VOCALUBARY New words abundant Meaning dồi dào, nhiều /əˈbʌndənt/ (adj) Picture Example This is an area with abundant natural resources Đây khu vực với nguồn tài nguyên dồi acknowledge chấp nhận, công It is widely acknowledged that Ha /əkˈnɒlɪdʒ/ (v) nhận, thừa nhận Long Bay is one of the most famous tourist attractions in Vietnam Vịnh Hạ Long công nhận điểm thu hút khách du lịch tiếng Việt Nam archaeological /ˌɑːkiəˈlɒdʒɪkl/ (adj) authentic thuộc khảo cổ học Many visitors damaged the archaeological site Nhiều du khách làm hư hại địa điểm khảo cổ thật, thực /ɔːˈθentɪk/ (adj) You can enjoy the authentic local food when you visit Ha Long Bay Bạn thưởng thức ăn địa phương đích thực đến thăm Vịnh Hạ Long breathtaking /ˈbreθteɪkɪŋ/ (adj) đẹp đến ngỡ ngàng, tuyệt đẹp Many tourists come here to enjoy breathtaking views and stunning landscapes Nhiều du khách đến để tận hưởng khung cảnh ngoạn mục cảnh quan tuyệt đẹp bury /ˈberi/ (v) chôn vùi, giấu lòng đất Many important things were buried in the area Nhiều đồ vật quan trọng bị chôn vùi khu vực complex quẩn thể, tổ hợp /ˈkɒmpleks/ (n) The Complex of Hue Monuments was recognized as World Cultural Heritage Site Quần thể Di tích Cố Huế cơng nhận Di sản văn hóa giới craftsman thợ thủ công /ˈkrɑːftsmən/ (n) They like buying clothes and other handicrafts made by local craftsmen here Họ thích mua quần áo đổ thủ công khác làm thợ thủ công địa phương nơi cruise /kruːz/ (n) chuyến du ngoạn biển Cruise tours are very popular in this place Các chuyến du lịch biển phổ biến nơi cuisine /kwɪˈziːn/ (n) cách thức chế biến thức ăn, nấu nướng Vietnamese cuisine is an attraction for foreign tourists Ẩm thực Việt Nam điểm thu hút du khách nước demolish /dɪˈmɒlɪʃ/ (v) đổ sập, đánh sập The old building was demolished last year Tòa nhà cũ bị đánh sập năm ngoái distinctive /dɪˈstɪŋktɪv/ (adj) dome /dəʊm/ (n) bật, rõ rệt, đặc trưng I like this kind of food because it has a distinctive taste Tơi thích ăn có mùi vị đặc trưng mái vòm The dome of the building has a very special structure Mái vịm tịa nhà có cấu trúc đặc biệt dynasty triều đại /ˈdɪnəsti/ (n) This dynasty ruled my country for hundreds of years Triều đại cai trị đất nước hàng trăm năm emperor hoàng đế, /ˈempərə(r)/ (n) nhà vua He was the first emperor in the history of the empire Ông vị hoàng đế lịch sử đế chế endow /ɪnˈdaʊ/ (v) ban tặng He was endowed with intelligence Anh trời phú cho trí thơng minh excavation /ˌekskəˈveɪʃn/ (n) việc khai quật Many relics were found during archaeological excavations Nhiều di tích tìm thấy khai quật khảo cổ fauna /ˈfɔːnə/ (n) hệ động vật When you come here, you can explore the cave sand grottos, and see the local flora and fauna Khi đến đây, bạn khám phá flora /ˈflɔːrə/ (n) hệ thực vật geological thuộc địa chất hang động lớn nhỏ ngắm nhìn hệ động, thực vật địa phương /ˌdʒiːəˈlɒdʒɪkl/ (adj) Some valuable information about the Earth's geological development can be found in this place Một vài thông tin giá trị phát triển địa chất Trái Đất tìm thấy nơi hang grotto /ˈɡrɒtəʊ/ (n) The tour of cave and grotto system is the main attraction for tourists in Phong Nha cave Chuyến tham quan vòng quanh hệ thống hang động điểm thu hút du khách tới thăm động Phong Nha harmonious /hɑːˈməʊniəs/ (adj) hài hòa The harmonious blend of colors makes a contribution to the beauty of the building Sự pha trộn màu sắc hài hịa góp phần vào vẻ đẹp tòa nhà in (idiom) /ˈruːɪn/ ruins bị phá hủy, đổ nát The monument is in ruins Tượng đài bị hủy hoại intact /ɪnˈtækt/ (adj) nguyên vẹn, không bị hư tổn The Flag Tower of Hanoi is the only structure that is still intact Cột cờ Hà Nội cơng trình cịn ngun vẹn islet /ˈaɪlət/ (n) đảo nhỏ They live on the islet Họ sống đảo nhỏ itinerary lịch trình cho /aɪˈtɪnərəri/ (n) chuyến đi, lộ trình There are different itineraries so you can experience many things Có lộ trình khác để bạn trải nghiệm nhiều thứ magnificent tuyệt đẹp, lộng /mæɡˈnɪfɪsnt/ (adj) lẫy The building is absolutely magnificent Tịa nhà vơ lộng lẫy mosque /mɒsk/ (n) nhà thờ hồi giáo The mosque was built here in the seventeenth century Nhà thờ Hồi giáo xây dựng vào kỷ thứ 17 relic /ˈrelɪk/ (n) cổ vật Some relics from ancient times are on display at the national museum Một số cổ vật từ thời cổ đại trưng bày bảo tàng quốc gia respectively /rɪˈspektɪvli/ (adv) royal /ˈrɔɪəl/ (adj) theo thứ tự My two daughters are and respectively Hai đứa gái tuổi tuổi thuộc nhà vua, hoàng gia You can visit the royal tombs to find out about the lives of the royal families Bạn ghé thăm ngơi mộ hồng gia để tìm hiểu gia đình hồng tộc sanctuary /ˈsæŋktʃuəri/ (n) thánh địa, địa điểm thần thánh My Son Sanctuary is one of the five World Heritage Sites in Vietnam Thánh địa Mỹ Sơn năm Di sản giới Việt Nam subsequent /ˈsʌbsɪkwənt/ (adj) tiếp theo, Most of the citadel expanded by subsequent dynasties was demolished Hầu hết tòa thành mở rộng triều đại sau bị phá hủy B GRAMMAR Participle and to - infìnitive clauses (Mệnh đề bắt đầu ngữ phân từ động từ nguyên mẫu có TO)  Mệnh đề quan hệ có dạng: who/ which / that + V rút gọn cách sau: Dùng phân từ V-ing (present participle) Dùng V-ing mệnh đề quan hệ chủ động: who / which / that + V (active) →V-ing E.g: The girl who is talking to Mr Huy is my younger sister→The girl talking to Mr Huy is my younger sister (Cô gái nói chuyện với Thầy Huy em gái tơi.) Dùng khứ phân từ V-ed/V3 (past participle) Dùng V-PP mệnh đề quan hệ bị động: who / which / that + V (passive) →V-PP E.g: The lamp which was made in China is five dollars =The lamp made in China is five dollars (Chiếc đèn sản xuất Trung Quốc có giá la) Dùng động từ nguyên mẫu có TO (to -infinitive) Dùng to V khi: - Danh từ phía trước đại từ quan hệ đứng trước số từ như: the first, the second, etc., the next, the last, the only; đơi trước hình thức so sánh bậc the oldest, the most beautiful : (the only, the first ) + N + relative pronouns (who/ which/ that) + V → to V (chủ động); to be PP (bị động) E.g: He was the first person who came here yesterday → He was the first person to come here yesterday (Anh người đến vào hôm qua.) She is the only person who is called for the interview → She is the only person to be called for the interview - Động từ phía trước HAVE/HAS để diễn tả mục đích, E.g: He had something that he had to → He had something to (Anh có số việc phải làm.) I have a lot of homework which I have to now → I have a lot of homework to now + Đầu câu có HERE (BE), THERE (BE) E.g: There are ten messages which are sent today → There are ten messages to be sent today Dùng cụm danh từ/ giới từ Dùng cụm danh từ/ giới từ mệnh đề quan hệ có dạng: S + BE + Noun/ Noun phrases /Prepositional phrases Cách làm: ta bỏ who, which be E.g: Football, which is a popular sport, is very good for our health Football, a popular sport, is very good for our health ■ BÀI TẬP VẬN DỤNG CƠ BẢN Bài 1: Choose the best answer The students for the bus are good ones A waited B waiting C which is waiting D to wait C come D all are correct This is the last person late A coming B to come The woman next door is a famous actress A lives B who live C living D that living The house in the storm has now been rebuilt A destroyed B destroying C which destroyed D that is destroyed The man in front of the blackboard is our teacher A stood B stands C standing D to stand Tom was the last student the classroom yesterday A to leave B leaving C left D leaves Sally was the last student in the final exam A to be asked B asking C asks D to ask The bridge by French architects is very nice A was designed B designing C to design D designed The ring is made of gold and diamond A she is wearing it B he gave it to her C she like D she is wearing 10 have a message for people by the traffic chaos A to delay B who delay C delayed D who delaying Bài 2: Use a participle clause to reduce relative clauses They called a lawyer who lived nearby  We broke the computer that belongs to my father  The man who is wearing a blue jumper is in the garden  We found a doctor who works at a hospital in Hanoi City  People who have arrived late will not be allowed to enter  Don't wake the baby who is sleeping in the next room  Who is that boy who is walking in the forest?  The man who wants coffee is over there  The television which was bought 20 years ago was stolen  10 I often buy cheese which is imported from Paris  Bài 3: Replace the Relative Clause by a Participle Construction while keeping the rest of the sentence unchanged 1 The boy who was waiting in the hall expected a phone call  Passengers who wanted to go to Liverpool had to change in Manchester  The girl who was picked up by her brother was very nice  The house that stands at the end of the road will soon be sold  The conference which was planned by non-governmental organisations was about globalisation  Irish people who live in Great Britain have the right to vote in British elections  A friend who helps you in need is a good friend indeed  A picture that shows the image of a person is a portrait  The problems that were discussed will be essential for your exam  10 Animals that eat plants are called herbivores  Bài 4: Rewrite the sentences using reduced relative clauses The present that was given to me last night must have been very expensive It certainly is beautiful  Claire Baktne, who was born in 1843, was a true representative of the hopes of hundreds of immigrants  Frequently, computers which are considered obsolete at large companies are donated to charity institutions or community centers in poor neighborhoods  The mall which was built in the downtown area of the city has affected traffic considerably  The children who were selected for the team will start training in a couple of weeks  The new construction company promises to hire all the engineering students who will have graduated from MIT by the end of next year  Alexander G Bell, who was considered the inventor of the telephone until recently, simply obtained the patent that belonged to an Italian inventor  8 The stamp which is on that envelope is a rare collector's item  Bài 5: Shorten these sentences without changing the order Where it's not possible to shorten them, write "Cannot be shortened" I've just read a book that was called Life without limit  Save electricity by reducing the number of computers that are left on overnight  Did you watch the film which I recommended to you?  I met Jeff last week, whom I believe you know from the office  I thought the man who was walking down the street was my neighbour  ■ BÀI TẬP TỔNG HỢP NÂNG CAO Bài 6: Choose the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions (A) The waiter (B) whom served us yesterday (C) was polite and (D) friendly This class (A) is only (B) for people (C) who's first language (D) is not English This is (A) the boy (B) who sister (C) studied (D) with me at high school He (A) is moving to Lang Son city, (B) that is (C) in the north-east (D) of Vietnam The girl (A) whom is standing (B) over there (C) is (D) from Vietnam Bài 7: Choose the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions He likes the dress Linda is wearing it A He likes the dress which Linda is wearing it B He likes the dress Linda is wearing it C He likes the dress who Linda is wearing D He likes the dress Linda is wearing What was the name of the boy? You met and talked to him this morning A What was the name of the boy who you met and talked to him this morning? B What was the name of the boy you met and talked to this morning? C What was the name of the boy you met and talked to whom this morning? D What was the name of the boy whose you met and talked to this morning? The church is over 200 years old Our class visited it last summer A The church which our class visited it last summer is over 200 years old B The church that our class visited it last summer is over 200 years old C The church which our class visited last summer is over 200 years old D The church our class visit last summer is over 200 years old 4 The song says about the love of two young students She is singing the song A The song which she is singing it says about the love of two young students B The song she is singing says about the love of two young students C The song says about the love of two young students which she is singing D The song says about the love of two young students that she is singing it The man is my teacher I am grateful to him A The man whom I grateful to him is my teacher B The man whom I am grateful to is my teacher C The man is my teacher who is grateful D The man to him I am grateful is my teacher Bài 8: Rewrite the sentences using reduced relative clauses Do you know the woman who is coming toward us?  The students who have been waiting for the bus in the rain are getting wet  I come from a city that is located in the southern part of the country  They live in a house that was built in the 1990s  He was the first man who left the burning building  The couple who live in the house next door are both professors  The cat which is on the table is mine  The students who left school early yesterday have to explain their reason to the teacher  Did you get the message which concerned the special meeting?  10 Lan is the only person who was given a special gift this morning   ... sanctuary /ˈsỉŋktʃuəri/ (n) thánh địa, địa điểm thần thánh My Son Sanctuary is one of the five World Heritage Sites in Vietnam Thánh địa Mỹ Sơn năm Di sản giới Việt Nam subsequent /ˈsʌbsɪkwənt/ (adj)... The church is over 200 years old Our class visited it last summer A The church which our class visited it last summer is over 200 years old B The church that our class visited it last summer... triển địa chất Trái Đất tìm thấy nơi hang grotto /ˈɡrɒtəʊ/ (n) The tour of cave and grotto system is the main attraction for tourists in Phong Nha cave Chuyến tham quan vòng quanh hệ thống hang