Emerging Topics and Technologies in Information Systems Miltiadis D. Lytras Universisty of Patras, Greece Patricia Ordóñez de Pablos Universidad de Olviedo, Spain Hershey • New York InformatIon scIence reference Director of Editorial Content: Kristin Klinger Managing Editor: Jamie Snavely Assistant Managing Editor: Carole Coulson Typesetter: Larissa Vinci Cover Design: Lisa Tosheff Printed at: Yurchak Printing Inc. Published in the United States of America by Information Science Reference (an imprint of IGI Global) 701 E. Chocolate Avenue, Suite 200 Hershey PA 17033 Tel: 717-533-8845 Fax: 717-533-8661 E-mail: cust@igi-global.com Web site: http://www.igi-global.com and in the United Kingdom by Information Science Reference (an imprint of IGI Global) 3 Henrietta Street Covent Garden London WC2E 8LU Tel: 44 20 7240 0856 Fax: 44 20 7379 0609 Web site: http://www.eurospanbookstore.com Copyright © 2009 by IGI Global. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored or distributed in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, without written permission from the publisher. Product or company names used in this set are for identi.cation purposes only . Inclusion of the names of the products or companies does not indicate a claim of ownership by IGI Global of the trademark or registered trademark. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Emerging topics and technologies in information sytems / Miltiadis D. Lytras and Patricia Ordonez de Pablos, editors. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. Summary: "This book communicates the various challenges and great opportunities that information systems research produces"--Provided by publisher. ISBN 978-1-60566-222-0 (hardcover) -- ISBN 978-1-60566-223-7 (ebook) 1. Management information systems. 2. Information technology--Technological innovations. 3. Information resources management. I. Lytras, Miltiadis D., 1973- II. Pablos, Patricia Ordonez de. HD30.213.E44 2009 658.4'038011--dc22 2008033933 British Cataloguing in Publication Data A Cataloguing in Publication record for this book is available from the British Library. All work contributed to this book is original material. The views expressed in this book are those of the authors, but not necessarily of the publisher. If a library purchased a print copy of this publication, please go to http://www.igi-global.com/agreement for information on activating the library's complimentary electronic access to this publication. To Elvira and Joaquín, my parents - Patricia Preface xiv Chapter I Measuring and Reporting Technological Capital in Companies 1 Patricia Ordóñez de Pablos, University of Oviedo, Spain Miltiadis D. Lytras, Universisty of Patras, Greece Chapter II Revisiting Agility to Conceptualize Information Systems Agility . 19 Pankaj, Indiana University of Pennsylvania, USA Micki Hyde, Indiana University of Pennsylvania, USA Arkalgud Ramaprasad, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA Suresh K. Tadisina, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, USA Chapter III Global Understanding Environment: Applying Semantic and Agent Technologies to Industrial Automation . 55 Vagan Terziyan, University of Jyväskylä, Finland Artem Katasonov , University of Jyväskylä, Finland Chapter IV Targeting E-Commerce to Chinese Audiences and Markets: Managing Cultural and Regional Challenges . 88 Jeff Hsu, Fairleigh Dickinson University, USA Chapter V Enterprise Resource Planning System: Issues and Implementation . 102 Edward T. Chen, University of Massachusetts Lowell, USA Chapter VI A Secure Characteristics of Wireless Ad-Hoc Networks 115 Sandip Vijay, I.I.T. Roorkee, India S. C. Sharma, I.I.T . Roorkee, India Table of Contents Chapter VII A Survey on Approaches to Adaptation on the Web . 136 Jorge Marx Gómez, Oldenburg University, Germany Thanh T ran, Oldenburg University, Germany Chapter VIII A Personalized Portal on the Basis of Semantic Models and Rules . 153 Jorge Marx Gómez, Oldenburg University, Germany Tran Duc, Karlsruhe University, Germany Chapter IX British Consumers’ Attitudes and Acceptance of Mobile Advertising . 165 Sylvie Laforet, University of Shef›eld, UK Hannah Limahelu, University of Shef›eld, UK Chapter X Determinants of ERP Implementations: An Empirical Study in Spanish Companies 180 Javier de Andrés, University of Oviedo, Spain Pedr o Lorca, University of Oviedo, Spain Jose Emilio Labra, University of Oviedo, Spain Chapter XI Emerging Topics and Technologies in Information Systems 198 Jaakko Ikävalko, Helsinki University of Technology, Finland Seppo J. Hänninen, Helsinki University of T echnology, Finland Ari Serkkola, Helsinki University of Technology, Finland Ilkka Kauranen, Helsinki University of T echnology, Finland Chapter XII Technology-Related Privacy Concerns: An Emerging Challenge 208 Cliona McParland, Dublin City University, Ireland Regina Connolly , Dublin City University, Ireland Chapter XIII Fear of Flying and Virtual Environments: An Introductory Review 221 Giovanni Vincenti, S.r.l, Italy Chapter XIV A Context-Based Approach for Supporting Knowledge Work with Semantic Portals . 231 Thomas Hädrich, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Germany T orsten Priebe, University of Regensburg, Germany Chapter XV A Survey of Web Service Discovery Systems 254 Duy Ngan Le, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore Angela Goh, Nanyang T echnological University, Singapore Cao Hoang Tru, Ho Chi Minh City University of T echnology, Viet Nam Chapter XVI User Relevance Feedback in Semantic Information Retrieval . 270 Antonio Picariello, Università di Napoli Federico II, Italy Antonio M. Rinaldi, Università di Napoli Federico II, Italy Chapter XVII A Preliminary Study toward Wireless Integration of Patient Information System . 282 Abdul-Rahman Al-Ali, American University of Sharjah, UAE T arik Ozkul, American University of Sharjah, UAE Taha Landolsi, American University of Sharjah, UAE Compilation of References . 297 About the Contributors 325 Index . 331 Preface xiv Chapter I Measuring and Reporting Technological Capital in Companies 1 Patricia Ordóñez de Pablos, University of Oviedo, Spain Miltiadis D. Lytras, Universisty of Patras, Greece The chapter addresses the importance of knowledge-based resources proposing indicators to measure and report technological capital in companies. The rst part of the chapter develops a conceptual framework to analyze organizational learning and its outcomes. It focuses on the strategy perspective of organiza- tional learning, addressing its ontology, contributions, and problematics. The second part is focused on a particular type of knowledge—the technological capital—that is institutionalized knowledge in the form of technologies. This section proposes a map for the different types of technological capital of companies: idiosyncratic, core, ancillary, and compulsory. The chapter shows the results of a case study with European rms measuring and reporting technological capital. Finally the chapter summarizes main conclusions for management. Chapter II Revisiting Agility to Conceptualize Information Systems Agility . 19 Pankaj, Indiana University of Pennsylvania, USA Micki Hyde, Indiana University of Pennsylvania, USA Arkalgud Ramaprasad, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA Sur esh K. Tadisina, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, USA There is no systematic study of Information Systems (IS) agility in academic and practitioner IS lit- erature and the concept is not well dened. For rigorous academic studies of IS agility, a proper de- nition/conceptualization of IS agility is needed. To fulll this objective, existing published work on agility is analyzed. The analysis demonstrates that the existing denitions may need improvement to aid in arriving at a denition of IS agility. A new denition of agility that captures its core properties is proposed. The advantages of this denition over existing denitions is demonstrated and it is used to dene IS Agility. Salient features of an agile IS are discussed and the utility of the proposed denition in arriving at attributes of an agile IS is demonstrated. Efcacy and validity of the proposed denition is demonstrated through interviews with IS executives from a diverse set organization. Lastly, avenues for future research are proposed. Detailed Table of Contents Chapter III Global Understanding Environment: Applying Semantic and Agent Technologies to Industrial Automation . 55 Vagan Terziyan, University of Jyväskylä, Finland Artem Katasonov , University of Jyväskylä, Finland Industry pushes a new type of Internet characterized as the Internet of Things, which represents a fu- sion of the physical and digital worlds. The technology of the Internet of Things opens new horizons for industrial automation, that is, automated monitoring, control, maintenance planning, and so forth, of industrial resources and processes. Internet of Things denitely needs explicit semantics, even more than the traditional Web – for automatic discovery and interoperability among heterogeneous devices and also to facilitate the behavioral coordination of the components of complex physical-digital systems. In this chapter, the authors describe their work towards the Global Understanding Environment (GUN), a general middleware framework aimed at providing means for building complex industrial systems consisting of components of different nature, based on the semantic and the agent technologies. The authors present the general idea and some emergent issues of GUN and describe the current state of the GUN realization in the UBIWARE platform. As a specic concrete case, they use the domain of distributed power network maintenance. In collaboration with the ABB Company, we have developed a simple prototype and vision of potential add-value this domain could receive from introducing semantic and agent technologies, and GUN framework in particular. Chapter IV Targeting E-Commerce to Chinese Audiences and Markets: Managing Cultural and Regional Challenges . 88 Jeff Hsu, Fairleigh Dickinson University, USA The market for e-commerce to Chinese audiences is one which has tremendous potential, given the fact that the number of potential users and customers is projected to exceed that of English-speaking Western users. However, managing the host of cultural issues that come up is an important need which must be met. This chapter examines the cultural issues which are relevant to sites targeted at China and Chinese-speaking audiences, including user and consumer behavior patterns, categorizing China using Hofstede’s cultural dimensions, examining traditional and historical attitudes, and addressing business issues including trust, payment, and infrastructure challenges. In the chapter design principles based on these are proposed, as well as an examination of the differences between the cultures of China, Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Singapore. Chapter V Enterprise Resource Planning System: Issues and Implementation . 102 Edward T. Chen, University of Massachusetts Lowell, USA Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) is the method of trying to unify all processes within an organization into one software system or database. Enterprise Resource Planning Projects should not be entered into lightly. Not only are ERP projects a new software program to learn, but they are a new way of thinking. This chapter provides a brief history of ERP; follows by the advantages and disadvantages of ERP for organizations considering the adoption of ERP. The next section introduces various strategies of ERP implementation with a list of ERP software vendors. ERP is a long-term IT investment. The total cost of ownership is analyzed and discussed with several cases of ERP implementation. Chapter VI A Secure Characteristics of Wireless Ad-Hoc Networks 115 Sandip Vijay, I.I.T. Roorkee, India S. C. Sharma, I.I.T . Roorkee, India This chapter reviews the secure characteristics of mobile devices that can use wireless networks (ad- hoc) almost any where and any time, by using one or more wireless network technologies. Currently, most computers communicate with each other by using wired networks. This approach is well suited for stationary computers, but it is not appropriate for mobile devices. These technologies enable the use of infrastructured networks (3GPP) and ad-hoc networks. Furthermore, the authors describe the gateway specication, requirement for implementation for ad-hoc networks. The minimum, essential, and additional functional requirements for effective functionality of gateway are presented in tabular form. At the end, the future functional requirement and the features of multiple ad-hoc networks are also described. Chapter VII A Survey on Approaches to Adaptation on the Web . 136 Jorge Marx Gómez, Oldenburg University, Germany Thanh T ran, Oldenburg University, Germany Approaches to adaptation have been proposed by many different research communities, Hypermedia System and Intelligent Tutoring in particular. The task of adaptation breaks down to a mediation of resource provision and resource demand. In doing so, it is necessary to obtain some representation of them, either directly or through intermediate models that can be further processed to arrive at this information. Correspondingly, major differences in adaptation approaches manifest themselves in the employed sources, the way they are represented and the techniques used to derive the user demand from them. Therefore, we like to structure this survey according to these model-related aspects. Chapter VIII A Personalized Portal on the Basis of Semantic Models and Rules . 153 Jorge Marx Gómez, Oldenburg University, Germany T ran Duc, Karlsruhe University, Germany A portal is a Web-based single point of access that delivers information and applications to a user on its own and by the integration of external services. With most portals, various users in the role of customer, supplier, employee, and so forth, can congure the available content and the functionalities in their own way and access them over multitude of devices – mobile phone, PDA, and PC to name a few (Priebe; Pernul, 2003). Whereas this type of portal can be seen as an adaptable system, adaptive portals shall adapt themselves to the individual user. [...]... communication technologies, peoples’ knowledge and skills need continuous updating The book “Emerging Topics and Technologies in Information Systems aims to become the reference edition for all those interested in knowing the current state of the art in technologies and trends in information systems field The special feature of this book is that it goes beyond the verbalism of wishful thinking and applies... whose national culture is similar to that of Spain Chapter XI Emerging Topics and Technologies in Information Systems 198 Jaakko Ikävalko, Helsinki University of Technology, Finland Seppo J Hänninen, Helsinki University of Technology, Finland Ari Serkkola, Helsinki University of Technology, Finland Ilkka Kauranen, Helsinki University of Technology, Finland Technology programs are a means to facilitate... applications of technologies for user-centered learning, building on the concept of human learning and on sound pedagogical principles, with the key objectives to be: • • • • To increase the efficiency of learning for individuals and groups To facilitate transfer and sharing of knowledge in organisations To contribute to a deeper understanding of the learning process by exploring links between human learning,... II, Italy Antonio M Rinaldi, Università di Napoli Federico II, Italy The user dimension is a crucial component in the information retrieval process and for this reason it must be taken into account in planning and technique implementation in information retrieval systems In this paper we present a technique based on relevance feedback to improve the accuracy in an ontol- ogy based information retrieval... learning What is a learning organization? Surprisingly a clear definition of learning has proved to be elusive over the years As as first step, we consider the following definition proposed by Garvin (1993): “A learning organization is an organization skilled at creating, acquiring and transfering knowledge and at modifying its behaviour to re‡ect news knowledge and insights.” (p 80) The examination... organization: individual, group and organizational These authors propose a 4I framework focused on the relationships between the three levels of learning and two learning flows At individual level, the intuiting process takes place At group level, the interpreting and integrating processes are developed Finally, the institutionalizing process is the last stage in the organizational learning process These... Mechanized integral services Electricity 2000-2001 1999-2002 2000-2002 2002 1998 1999-2000-2001 Spain Spain Spain Spain Spain Spain Celemi Skandia Telia Learning Solutions Insurance Telecom solutions 2000 1994-1995-1996-1997-1998 2001* Sweden Sweden Sweden EES Group Provider of lighting and earthing 2002 UK 11 Measuring and Reporting Technological Capital in Companies Table 2 Technological capital indicators... in the analysed intellectual capital reports Firms tend to show intelellectual capital indicators in tables because they offer a comparative view in relation to preceding years Similarly, these tables also include information about short- and long-term objectives in relation to these indicators As shown in Table 2, the indicators for this component of technological capital can be divided 13 Measuring... Managing, measuring and reporting knowledgebased resources in hospitals International Journal of Technology Management, forthcoming Lytras, M D., & Ordóñez de Pablos, P (2007) The building of the intellectual capital statement in multinationals: challenges for the future In K O’Sullivan (Ed), Strategic Knowledge Management in Multinational Organizations Idea Group Inc (pp 195-206) Nelson, r., & Winter,... support matching web services using the same ontology, systems that support matching web services using different ontologies, and systems that support limitations of UDDI This paper presents a survey of web service discovery systems, focusing on systems that support semantics The paper also elaborates on open issues relating to such discovery systems Chapter XVI User Relevance Feedback in Semantic Information . China and Chinese-speaking audiences, including user and consumer behavior patterns, categorizing China using Hofstede’s cultural dimensions, examining. 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