TÀI LIỆU TĂNG ý TƯỞNG từ VỰNG THEO CHỦ đề BY NGOCBACH

GIẢI ĐỀ IELTS WRITING QUÝ 4_2019 THEO CHỦ ĐỀ BY NGOCBACH A THE ART (14/02/2019) Some people claim that museums and art galleries are not needed today, because everyone can see historical objects or art works by computer Do you agree or disagree? B BUSINESS AND MONEY (24/03/2019): Some people think that hard work and determination bring success Others think other factors such as money and good appearance are more important Discuss both views and give your opinion? (01/08/2019): In many countries the cost of living is rising What are the effects on individuals and society? What measures can be taken to deal with this problem? C COMMUNICATION AND PERSONALITY 11 (15/01/2019): Nowadays, many people cannot read or write What problems does this cause? What measures can governments take to solve these problems? 11 (19/03/2019): In many countries not enough students are choosing to study science subjects What are the causes? And what will be the effects on society? 14 (11/05/2019): Some businesses find that their new employees lack basic interpersonal skills, such as cooperative skills What are the causes and suggest some possible solutions 16 (18/07/2019): It has been said that people who read for pleasure have more developed imaginations and language skill than people who prefer to watch TV Do you agree or disagree? 17 (12/09/2019): Entertainment such as electronic games on portal devices is harmful for individuals and the society they live in Do you agree or disagree? 19 D CRIME AND PUNISHMENT 20 (07/03/2019): Research suggests that the majority of criminals who are sent to prison commit crimes when set free What are the reasons? What can be done to solve the problem? 21 + Để tìm hiểu thơng tin khóa học, sách thầy Bách, bạn truy cập: www.ngocbach.com + Hotline: 0974657403 (Hoặc email: ieltsbach1707@gmail.com) (27/06/2019): Science finds that by studying the behavior of three-year-old children they can predict if they will grow up to be criminals To what extent is criminality related to human nature? Is it possible to stop children from being a criminal when they grow up? 23 E EDUCATION 24 (27/07/2019): Schools should focus on academic success and passing examinations Skills such as cookery, dressmaking and woodwork should not be taught at school as it is better to learn these from family and friends To what extent you agree or disagree? 25 (13/08/2019): Students should pay the full cost for their own study, because university education benefits individuals rather than society To what extent you agree or disagree? 26 F THE ENVIRONMENT 28 (24/02/2019): Some people believe that all wild animals should be protected Others say that only a few wild animals should be protected Discuss both views and give your opinion 28 (15/03/2019): Nowadays, many animal species are becoming extinct Some people believe that countries and individuals must solve this problem, others believe that human beings are more important Discuss both views and give your own opinion .30 (06/07/2019): Many foods are shipped from far away Some people think that eating local food is better environmentally and economically Do you think the advantages outweigh its disadvantages? .32 (10/08/2019): Some people think that zoos are all cruel and should be closed down Others however believe that zoos can be useful in protecting wild animals Discuss both opinions and give your own opinion 34 (24/08/2019): The responsibility for preventing and reducing global environmental damage lies with politicians and there is a little that individuals can about the problem To what extent you agree or disagree? 36 (07/09/2019): Increases in the production of consumer goods results in damage to the natural environment Why is this the case? What can be done to solve this problem? .38 + Để tìm hiểu thơng tin khóa học, sách thầy Bách, bạn truy cập: www.ngocbach.com + Hotline: 0974657403 (Hoặc email: ieltsbach1707@gmail.com) (14/10/2019): Human activity has had a negative impact on plants and animals around the world Some people say that it is too late to something, while others think that actions can be taken to improve the situation .40 G FAMILY AND CHILDREN 42 (25/04/2019): In many countries today, people in cities either live alone or in small family units, rather than in large family groups Is this a positive or negative trend? 43 (17/08/2019): Students should pay the full cost for their own study, because university education benefits individuals rather than society To what extent you agree or disagree? 45 (20/10/2019): People nowadays tend to take their family to another country when they work abroad Do the advantages of this outweigh the disadvantages? 46 H HEALTH 48 (04/05/2019): Today, many children spend a lot of time playing computer games and little time on sports What are the reasons for this and is it a positive or negative development? .48 (07/06/2019): “More and more people are becoming seriously overweight Some people think a solution can be to increase the price of fattening foods To what extent you agree or disagree? 50 I TOURISM 52 (22/06/2019): Many museums and historical sites are mainly visited by tourists but not local people Why is this the case and what can be done to attract more local people to visit these places? 52 (24/07/2019): International travel is becoming cheaper and cheaper, and more countries are now opening their doors to foreign visitors Do you think that the advantages of this trend outweigh the disadvantages? 53 (14/09/2019): Some people think that cultural traditions will be destroyed if they are used as money-making attractions aimed at tourists Others, however, believe that is the only way to save these traditions Discuss both these views and give your own opinion .55 J GOVERNMENT 57 + Để tìm hiểu thơng tin khóa học, sách thầy Bách, bạn truy cập: www.ngocbach.com + Hotline: 0974657403 (Hoặc email: ieltsbach1707@gmail.com) (23/05/2019): In many cities there is little control on the design and construction of new homes and office buildings, and people can build houses in their own style What are the advantages and disadvantages of such a situation? 57 (20/06/2019): Government should invest in teaching science subjects rather than other subjects in order for a country to develop and progress To what extent you agree or disagree? .59 K SOCIETY 60 (23/03/2019): It is expected that there will be a higher proportion of older people than that of young people in many countries in the future? Do you think it is a positive or negative development? 60 (06/04/2019): People have little understanding of the importance of the natural world What are the reasons for this, and how can people learn more about the natural world? .63 (18/06/2019): Many people disagree with a school policy which forces children to learn new languages To what extent you agree or disagree? 64 (19/10/2019): Many people are now spending more and more time travelling to work or school Some people believe that this is a negative development while others think there are some benefits Discuss both views and give your opinion .66 (23/10/2019): Charities and organizations always give special names to particular days such as 'National Children's Day' and 'National Non-smoking Day' What are the reasons for these particular days? How effective are they? 67 L MEDIA AND ADVERTISING 69 (02/02/2019): More and more people want to buy famous brands of clothes, cars and other items What are the reasons? Do you think it is a positive or negative development? 69 (09/03/2019): Some people believe that the only purpose of films is to entertain But others say films should have educational value Discuss both views and give your opinion 71 (28/03/2019): In some countries, advertisers increase the amount of advertising which tries to persuade children to buy snacks, toys and other goods Parents object to such pressure on children But some advertisers claim that there + Để tìm hiểu thơng tin khóa học, sách thầy Bách, bạn truy cập: www.ngocbach.com + Hotline: 0974657403 (Hoặc email: ieltsbach1707@gmail.com) is useful information in these advertisements Discuss both views and give your opinion .73 (18/05/2019): Advertising is all around us; it is an unavoidable part of everyone's life Some people say that advertising is a positive part of our lives To what extent you agree or disagree? 75 (26/10/2019): Although more and more people read the news on the internet, newspapers will remain an important sources of news for the majority of people Do you agree or disagree? 77 M TRANSPORTATION 78 (14/03/2019): In some countries, small town-centre shops are going out of business because people tend to drive to large out-of-town stores As a result, people without cars have limited access to out-of town stores, and this may result in an increase in the use of cars .78 (30/06/2019): Air travel is causing some problems for the environment, therefore we should increase the price to discourage people Others disagree that this is the solution Discuss both views and give your opinions 80 N ENERGY 82 (28/09/2019): Fossil fuels such as coal, oil and natural gas are the main energy source for many countries However, some nations are using alternative energy such as solar power, or wind power To what extent you think this is a positive or negative development? .82 O WORK 83 (10/02/2019): In most successful organisations, some people believe that communication between managers and workers is important, while other people said that other factors are more significant What is your opinion? .84 + Để tìm hiểu thơng tin khóa học, sách thầy Bách, bạn truy cập: www.ngocbach.com + Hotline: 0974657403 (Hoặc email: ieltsbach1707@gmail.com) A THE ART (14/02/2019) Some people claim that museums and art galleries are not needed today, because everyone can see historical objects or art works by computer Do you agree or disagree? It is true that technology gives most people a chance to see historical objects and works of art on a computer screen I partly agree with the view, therefore, that museums and art galleries are no longer necessary It is very expensive to maintain a museum or art gallery, and governments often have to provide funding for these institutions If national or local authorities have to allocate resources to keep these cultural facilities open, then less money is available to spend on health, education and social services Faced with such a choice, some countries opt for a mixed funding model for the arts in order to reduce costs Therefore, I believe that it is an unaffordable luxury to retain these wonderful public collections Their artefacts and paintings can all be accessed freely and almost instantly at the touch of a key on a computer keyboard to provide funding for: to give money to enable something to be done national or local authorities: government organizations acting at a national level or within a smaller, local area to allocate resources to: to make money and materials available to something social services: a system that is organized by the government to help people who have financial or family problems; the department or the people who provide this help a mixed funding model for the arts: a While I agree that museums and art model in which some money to support galleries are not essential in this the arts is given by the government and computer age, I would be sad to see their some money is provided by private disappearance Firstly, the buildings + Để tìm hiểu thơng tin khóa học, sách thầy Bách, bạn truy cập: www.ngocbach.com + Hotline: 0974657403 (Hoặc email: ieltsbach1707@gmail.com) which house their collections are themselves part of our tangible cultural heritage For example, the National Gallery in London is a striking and impressive historic building Secondly, the feeling of awe on seeing the size of the great dinosaur skeletons in the Natural History Museum in New York would be impossible to experience by simply looking at an image on a laptop or cell phone It would be an immense loss if such places were to close their doors to the public individuals organizations or commercial tangible cultural heritage: refers to physical artifacts produced, maintained and transmitted intergenerationally in a society In conclusion, although these cultural facilities have unique aesthetic qualities, now that people can access their treasures thanks to the digital revolution, the expense of keeping them open cannot be justified The aesthetic qualities of something: The qualities related to beauty and 284 words understanding the beauty of something the digital revolution: the advancement of technology to the digital technology available today B BUSINESS AND MONEY (24/03/2019): Some people think that hard work and determination bring success Others think other factors such as money and good appearance are more important Discuss both views and give your opinion? + Để tìm hiểu thơng tin khóa học, sách thầy Bách, bạn truy cập: www.ngocbach.com + Hotline: 0974657403 (Hoặc email: ieltsbach1707@gmail.com) It is true that some people believe that the key factors for success in life are hard work and determination, although others place more importance on money and smart to earn a living: to earn money appearance While all these are necessary, I would argue that money is the single most essential factor for a heavy workload: having many those who wish to achieve success tasks to perform On the one hand, the determination to work hard is essential for anyone who wants to earn a living and raise a family Firstly, this is true in terms of employment, because most jobs impose a heavy workload on employees Even jobs such as serving customers in stores, supermarkets or coffee shops, offering a minimum wage, no job prospects and no promotion opportunities demand hard work and dedication Secondly, from a perspective of life outside work, simply supporting a family involves commitment and a lot of effort to maintain a close-knit family Such parental involvement is the basis of preparing children to enter adult life, and to pursue a successful career minimum wage: the lowest wage that an employer is allowed to pay by law On the other hand, money and appearances are the things most valued in the modern world People are increasingly judged by their wealth a close-knit family: a family having strong relationships with each other, helping with problems and enjoying a lot of time together job prospects: the chances of being successful and having more opportunities at work promotion opportunities: chances to move to a more important position in a company or organization to support a family: to have enough money to be able to look after a family commitment: the willingness to work hard and give your time and energy to a job or activity + Để tìm hiểu thơng tin khóa học, sách thầy Bách, bạn truy cập: www.ngocbach.com + Hotline: 0974657403 (Hoặc email: ieltsbach1707@gmail.com) or their smart and fashionable clothes Without money, it is impossible to think about running your own business or developing contacts with rich and influential people who can help you to get ahead in life Most aspiring entrepreneurs, film or sports stars, for example, not achieve their dreams, and are considered by society as failures If you have money, then designer clothes and celebrity status advertise your success to others parental involvement: the act or process of parents when taking part in their children’s activities to enter adult life: the stage when adolescents are almost old enough to be legally independent of their parents to pursue a successful career: to have a series of jobs in a particular area of work, with more In conclusion, it is a sad reality that of responsibility as time passes all the factors most likely to bring judged: to form an opinion about success, money is, in my opinion, the something or somebody most important to run your own business: to have a business which you own 283 words influential: having a lot of influence on something or somebody get ahead in life: to succeed in life aspiring: wanting to be successful (01/08/2019): In many countries the cost of living is rising What are the effects on individuals and society? What measures can be taken to deal with this problem? It is true that in many countries, it is becoming increasingly difficult for the majority of people to make ends to make ends meet: to earn just meet While the effects on enough money to be able to buy the individuals and society as a whole are things you need + Để tìm hiểu thơng tin khóa học, sách thầy Bách, bạn truy cập: www.ngocbach.com + Hotline: 0974657403 (Hoặc email: ieltsbach1707@gmail.com) serious, I believe that steps can be taken to address this issue to address: to think about a problem Rising living costs result in hardship or situation and decide how you are for many individuals and serious going to deal with it consequences for society In terms hardship: a situation that is difficult of individuals, they are faced with and unpleasant because you not higher prices for everyday necessities, have enough money, food, clothes etc such as food, paying rent or heating bills They are forced to make cutbacks in their household budgets to make cutbacks: to decrease, to in order to make the most of the reduce income that they have From the to make the most of something: to perspective of society, when goods make something appear as good as and services are more expensive, possible; to exploit something; to get major socio-economic changes occur as much out of something as is People spend less in stores and on possible entertainment, or they have to pay in arrears or run up debts, and the whole socio-economic changes: changes economy of the country goes into relating to the society and economy decline of a country However, effective policies must be adopted to tackle the rise in living costs Firstly, governments should provide public subsidies for basic needs, such as food, heating and healthcare For example, in the USA citizens on average incomes cannot afford rising medical bills, and so universal free medical care should high on the agenda of the government Secondly, if governments curbed public spending to pay in arrears: refers to making a payment to a supplier later than the terms of the arrangement under which goods or services were purchased from the supplier to run up: to allow a bill or a debt to reach a large total to adopt policies: to start to use particular policies + Để tìm hiểu thơng tin khóa học, sách thầy Bách, bạn truy cập: www.ngocbach.com + Hotline: 0974657403 (Hoặc email: ieltsbach1707@gmail.com) 10 to buy their goods, and argue that they are simply informing children about the range of choices open to them When firms promote their products, they bring the attention of youngsters to new toys or sweets For example, a new chocolate bar may be launched and children will only learn about it if it is advertised Therefore, it is justified to aim at children as a target audience because they need to learn how to make consumer choices If products were not promoted to youngsters, they would enter adult life without acquiring this useful skill to promote their products: to make products popular by advertising them to launch a product: to introduce a new product a target audience: consumers whom businesses aim at when selling their products to enter adult life: the stage when On the other hand, I concur with the adolescents are almost old enough to be criticisms of those who consider that legally independent of their parents parents should be wary of the marketing to which they expose their children to concur: to agree Firstly, children are too young to be able to make informed judgments They tend to be swayed by advertisements It to be wary of something: not is, for instance, easy to promote brand completely trusting or certain about awareness among children, so that if a something classmate has the latest Barbie doll or Captain America toy, everyone in the to be swayed by advertisements: to be class then wants to have the same thing influenced to buy things as a result of Secondly, youngsters should be advertising allowed to enjoy the simplicity of chilhood play and adventure, free of the brand awareness: the action of pressures to consume which seems to be bringing the name of a company to the an inevitable consequence of modern attention of the public life In conclusion, I agree with the view that advertising puts too much pressure on an inevitable consequence: certain to children, and develops no useful happen and unable to be avoided or childhood qualities prevented + Để tìm hiểu thơng tin khóa học, sách thầy Bách, bạn truy cập: www.ngocbach.com + Hotline: 0974657403 (Hoặc email: ieltsbach1707@gmail.com) 74 291 words (18/05/2019): Advertising is all around us; it is an unavoidable part of everyone's life Some people say that advertising is a positive part of our lives To what extent you agree or disagree? It is true that nobody can escape the power of advertising these days, whether this is commercial or online advertising, or even telemarketing While some argue that it is a positive part of our lives, I believe that this is rarely the case On the one hand, a few advertisements provide useful information about products or services which are available on the market For example, someone may be planning to book the holiday of a lifetime, but there is a bewildering range of possible destinations to choose from Really informative advertising can help a customer to make the right choice of holiday resort to meet their needs and to suit their pockets In my own case, I found some tourist brochures very helpful when I was looking for a quiet destination to get away from it all and relax In some cases, therefore, advertising is a positive part of our lives commercial advertising: advertising on the radio or television, between or during programmes online advertising: advertising a product or service on the internet telemarketing: a method of selling things or taking orders for sales by telephone to book: to reserve something, such as a hotel room or a ticket the holiday of a lifetime: a special holiday that you are unlikely to repeat bewildering: making you feel confused because there are too many things to choose a holiday resort: a place where lots of people go for a holiday to meet one’s needs: to have the things that somebody requires in order to live in a comfortable way or achieve what they want to suit one’s pocket: to be affordable for the money that you have to spend + Để tìm hiểu thơng tin khóa học, sách thầy Bách, bạn truy cập: www.ngocbach.com + Hotline: 0974657403 (Hoặc email: ieltsbach1707@gmail.com) 75 On the other hand, however, I consider that advertising is largely unnecessary and intrusive Firstly, it is intrusive, because we are constantly surrounded by the images and sounds of advertisements, disturbing our privacy For instance, I regularly receive telesales marketing calls on my phone when I am busy or trying to read a book Secondly, some people are easily swayed by advertisements to buy goods impulsively Techniques such as celebrity endorsement of products like sportswear persuade people to buy things that they not need and cannot afford Finally, people must be wary of advertising which makes false or exaggerated claims, which will lead to disappointment if they buy the product In conclusion, I believe that most advertising has a negative impact on our lives, in terms of stress and the creation of false dreams of fulfilment 289 words brochure: a small magazine or book containing pictures or information about something or advertising something to get away from it all: to have a holiday in a very quiet place where you can relax intrusive: too noticeable or direct, in a way that is disturbing or annoying privacy: the state of being alone and not watched or disturbed by other people telesales: a method of selling things by telephone to be swayed by advertisements: to be influenced to buy things as a result of advertising to buy goods impulsively: to buy things suddenly without any planning and without considering the effects they may have celebrity endorsement: a form of brand or advertising campaign that involves a well known person using their fame to help promote a product or service to be wary of: not completely trusting or certain about something fulfilment: happiness and satisfaction with having what you want or need, or what you have done + Để tìm hiểu thơng tin khóa học, sách thầy Bách, bạn truy cập: www.ngocbach.com + Hotline: 0974657403 (Hoặc email: ieltsbach1707@gmail.com) 76 (26/10/2019): Although more and more people read the news on the internet, newspapers will remain an important sources of news for the majority of people Do you agree or disagree? It is true that many people nowadays to gain access to the internet/to access access the internet to find out about the the internet: to have the opportunity to latest news I believe that this trend use the internet will increase dramatically in the future, and I disagree that newspapers will remain a significant news source for many people I accept that newspapers will still be popular in future among some traditional readers, especially the elderly, though not among the general public Some people will continue to follow the habits of a lifetime, but around the world newspaper sales show a falling circulation They are becoming obsolete, and will eventually be superseded by the internet when people want to know the news It is not simply a question of price, as printed newspapers become increasingly expensive It is also a question that newspapers can provide only relatively stale news when compared with the internet This is particularly important when live events, for example natural disasters, are being reported The electronic media have already taken over the role of news providers for most people Firstly, news coverage on the internet is up to the minute, because it can be updated instantly The internet is always first to report any breaking news Secondly, falling circulation: the decline in the number of copies of a newspaper sold each day to become obsolete: to be no longer used because something new has been invented to be superseded by: to be replaced by something which is better stale news: information that is no longer interesting or new, because it has already been reported the electronic media: broadcast media which use electronic technology, such as the internet, television, radio, DVDs etc + Để tìm hiểu thơng tin khóa học, sách thầy Bách, bạn truy cập: www.ngocbach.com + Hotline: 0974657403 (Hoặc email: ieltsbach1707@gmail.com) 77 news on the internet is often accompanied by dramatic video footage of important events, such as the recent fires in the Amazon Finally, in terms of price, accessing the news on the internet is free, whereas the cost of a newspaper constantly increases to take over: to become bigger or more important than something else; to replace something news coverage: the reporting of news and sport in newspapers, tv, or radio up to the minute: having the latest information to update: to give somebody the most In conclusion, I predict that newspapers will decline in importance recent information about something;to and that most people will read the news add the most recent information to something on the internet in future This trend is already evident and will continue breaking news: newly received 268 words information about an event that is currently taking place footage: part of a film showing a particular event M TRANSPORTATION (14/03/2019): In some countries, small town-centre shops are going out of business because people tend to drive to large out-of-town stores As a result, people without cars have limited access to out-of town stores, and this may result in an increase in the use of cars It is true that in many countries, people now routinely use their cars to shop at large supermarkets or superstores outside the town centre While this has a number of advantages, I would argue that the disadvantages of this trend outweigh the benefits + Để tìm hiểu thơng tin khóa học, sách thầy Bách, bạn truy cập: www.ngocbach.com + Hotline: 0974657403 (Hoặc email: ieltsbach1707@gmail.com) 78 On the one hand, there are benefits to be gained by shopping at out-oftown stores Firstly, in big cities like London, motorists who shop in city centre stores have to pay a congestion charge to enter the central urban zone They may also be unable to avoid rush hour traffic jams when city centre traffic grinds to a halt Secondly, if there is a lot of shopping to carry, then a car is very convenient and, for example, the food items for all the family can be loaded into the car Of course, such out-of-town megastores provide ample free parking and encourage car use, in contrast to the stores in the centre of town a congestion charge: an amount of money that people have to pay for driving their cars into the centre of some cities, as a way of stopping the city centre from becoming too full of traffic rush hour traffic jams: the time when most people are travelling to or from work/school and so there is too much traffic on the roads to grind to a halt: to go slower and then stop completely to load: to put a large quantity of things into something On the other hand, I believe that ample: enough or more than enough there are important drawbacks which outweigh any benefits One problem is that convenient shopping a feature of urban living: a typical is a feature of urban living and quality of city life nothing is more depressing than a row of boarded-up shops and derelict boarded-up shops: shops with their buildings where the city centre stores windows and doors covered with used to be Without these shops, wood inner city areas become areas of crime and poverty Another derelict buildings: buildings not disadvantage is that poorer people used and in bad condition not have cars, and out-of-town stores may be inadequately served by inner city areas: the parts near the buses Unless local authorities centre of a city, which often have upgrade and expand public transport social problems provision, the convenience of out-oftown shopping is denied to the to upgrade and expand public poorest members of the community transport provision: to improve bus + Để tìm hiểu thơng tin khóa học, sách thầy Bách, bạn truy cập: www.ngocbach.com + Hotline: 0974657403 (Hoặc email: ieltsbach1707@gmail.com) 79 and train services and to make these In conclusion, despite the services more available advantages of out-of-town superstores, I consider that the benefits are outweighed by the drawbacks 278 words (30/06/2019): Air travel is causing some problems for the environment, therefore we should increase the price to discourage people Others disagree that this is the solution Discuss both views and give your opinions It is true that the growth of air travel is resulting in damage to the environment While price increases might be one measure to tackle the problem, I would argue that developing cleaner fuels would be fairer and more effective On the one hand, when the cost of air travel is cheap more people can afford to fly The growth in popularity of budget airlines proves that cheap prices encourage flying In the UK, for example, after the 1960s there was a huge increase in the number of people who booked package holidays to holiday resorts in Spain, to sunbathe and get away from it all Cheap flights offered by the economy airlines were part of these package holidays Therefore, it is clear that there is a definite link between the popularity of air travel and the cost of buying an airline ticket, so raising prices would budget/economy airlines: companies which offer cheap flights to book: to reserve something, such as a hotel room or a ticket a package holiday: a holiday that is organized by a company at a fixed price, including the cost of a hotel, travel etc a holiday resort: a place where lots of people go for a holiday to sunbathe: to sit or lie in the sun, in order to get brown/to get a suntan + Để tìm hiểu thơng tin khóa học, sách thầy Bách, bạn truy cập: www.ngocbach.com + Hotline: 0974657403 (Hoặc email: ieltsbach1707@gmail.com) 80 definitely travellers discourage some to get away from it all: to have a holiday in a very quiet place where you can relax On the other hand, I agree with those who contend that other actions would be preferable Firstly, raising prices would affect only to contend: to say that something is those people on limited incomes true, especially in an argument who could no longer afford air preferable: more attractive or more travel This would unfairly penalize suitable; to be preferred to something them, as the rich would continue to people on limited incomes: people fly as frequently as before who not have much money Secondly, in terms of alternative measures, investment in advances in to penalize: to put somebody at a technology to produce cleaner disadvantage by treating them aviation fuel should be a unfairly government priority This would cut down on the carbon emissions of advances in technology: the aircraft and make a significant improvement or development in contribution to reducing our reliance technology on fossil fuels to be a government priority: something which is so important that In conclusion, although raising the the government should deal with it cost of air travel would be an first effective policy to adopt to discourage people from flying, this to cut down on emissions: to reduce would be unfair, and it would be the amount of gases sent out into the better environmentally to air concentrate on developing cleaner to reduce the dependence/reliance non-polluting fuels for aircraft on fossil fuels: to decrease people’s consumption of fossil fuels, like oil, 284 words coal or gas to adopt policies: to start to use particular policies + Để tìm hiểu thơng tin khóa học, sách thầy Bách, bạn truy cập: www.ngocbach.com + Hotline: 0974657403 (Hoặc email: ieltsbach1707@gmail.com) 81 N ENERGY (28/09/2019): Fossil fuels such as coal, oil and natural gas are the main energy source for many countries However, some nations are using alternative energy such as solar power, or wind power To what extent you think this is a positive or negative development? It is true that some countries have been to reduce the dependence/reliance on unable to reduce their dependence of fossil fuels: to decrease people’s fossil fuels to meet their energy needs consumption of fossil fuels, like oil, In contrast, other nations have been coal or gas investing heavily in alternative energy sources and I personally consider that alternative energy sources: refers to this is a very positive development any energy source that is an alternative Reliance on fuels such as coal, oil and to fossil fuel natural gas has negative consequences for both human health and the environment Firstly, the extraction and use of fossil fuels carries grave to carry health risks: to have effects health risks The burning of these fuels which could be bad for one’s health in power stations, or in cars or other forms of transport pollutes the atmosphere, and endangers health It results, for example, in poor air quality in major cities across the world, such the greenhouse effect: the natural as Los Angeles, Shanghai or Sao process by which the sun warms the Paulo Admissions to hospitals rise surface of the Earth sharply when air quality becomes critical Secondly, the burning of carbon footprint: a measure of the fossil fuels adds to the greenhouse amount of carbon dioxide that is effect at a time when international produced by the daily activities of a efforts to reduce our carbon footprint company or person must succeed in the effort to fight to fight climate change: try to prevent climate change changes in climate patterns, such as I believe that investment in renewable rainfall, temperature and winds energy is essential to avoid an ecological crisis Building wind farms renewable energy: energy is renewable and using solar panels to heat homes, when it source, like the sun or wind, + Để tìm hiểu thơng tin khóa học, sách thầy Bách, bạn truy cập: www.ngocbach.com + Hotline: 0974657403 (Hoặc email: ieltsbach1707@gmail.com) 82 factories and offices would neither pollute the air that we breathe nor deplete natural resources In terms of human health, the incidence of lifethreatening conditions like respiratory disorders, would be reduced From an environmental perspective, this would be an environmentally-friendly energy strategy It would minimize habitat destruction and tackle the pollution that stems from the activities of the fossil fuel extractive industries In conclusion, I would argue strongly that reducing reliance on fossil fuels and investing in renewable forms of energy will bring enormous positive gains for both human health and our environment 278 words cannot be exhausted or can easily be replaced (like wood, as we can plant trees for energy) an ecological crisis: a serious situation that occurs when the environment of a species or a population changes in a way that destabilizes its continued survival wind farms: an area of land on which there are a lot of windmills or wind turbines for producing electricity to deplete natural resources: to reduce the amount of natural resources life-threatening conditions: illnesses which are likely to kill somebody incidence: the extent to which something happens or has an effect environmentally friendly: behavior or products that not harm the environment habitat destruction: the process that occurs when a natural habitat, like a forest or wetland, is changed so dramatically by humans that plants and animals which live there to stem from: to be caused by extractive: relating to the process of removing or obtaining something, especially minerals O WORK + Để tìm hiểu thơng tin khóa học, sách thầy Bách, bạn truy cập: www.ngocbach.com + Hotline: 0974657403 (Hoặc email: ieltsbach1707@gmail.com) 83 (10/02/2019): In most successful organisations, some people believe that communication between managers and workers is important, while other people said that other factors are more significant What is your opinion? It is true that many people argue that, in any efficient organisation, it is vital that there is good communication between managers and workers In my opinion, while this is one aspect to consider, I consider that other factors are more important On the one hand, in order to conduct a business or organisation effectively, communication among all the workforce is necessary A breakdown in communications may be one reason why a production process in a factory comes to a stop The management may not be aware, for example, of problems with a machine or the raw material, if they not regularly consult the workers In a store, the manager must train the staff to offer good customer service, so that the employees understand how to provide this In an organisation such as a hospital, the managers have to see the big picture, and talk constantly to doctors, nurses and support staff to ensure that everyone knows their tasks and has everything they need to carry them out to conduct a business: to operate a business in a particular way a breakdown in communications: a misunderstanding which results from people failing to discuss and resolve something raw material: a basic material that is used to make a product to see the big picture: to understand all the important aspects of a situation + Để tìm hiểu thơng tin khóa học, sách thầy Bách, bạn truy cập: www.ngocbach.com + Hotline: 0974657403 (Hoặc email: ieltsbach1707@gmail.com) 84 On the other hand, I would argue that job satisfaction is the most important factor in creating a successful working environment No organisation can prosper if the workers are dissatisfied An authoritarian style of management which dictates to the workforce is no basis for reaching a consensus When workers enjoy a decent salary, with sick leave, holiday entitlement and a retirement package, then the organisation will benefit enormously from the loyalty of their staff Supportive work colleagues cooperate to ensure that things run smoothly, and therefore I believe that worker cooperatives without management are the future In conclusion, in a traditional management structure, communication with the workers is important However, when the workforce organises itself, this results in an effective organisation with satisfied workers 293 words job satisfaction: the good feeling that you get when you have a job that you enjoy working environment: the conditions that you work in to prosper: to develop in a successful way, to be successful authoritarian: believing that people should obey authority and rules, even when these are unfair, and even if it means that they lose their personal freedom to dictate: to tell somebody what to do, especially in an annoying way to reach a consensus: to come to an agreement sick leave: permission to stay away from work because of illness or injury holiday entitlement: the number of days off work that you are allowed as holidays retirement package: the money or other benefits that you receive from a company or organization when you stop working there because of your age + Để tìm hiểu thơng tin khóa học, sách thầy Bách, bạn truy cập: www.ngocbach.com + Hotline: 0974657403 (Hoặc email: ieltsbach1707@gmail.com) 85 supportive work colleagues: people that you work with who give you help and encouragement workers cooperative: owned and run by the workers involved, with the profits shared by them (02/03/2019): The world of work is changing rapidly and people cannot depend on the same job or the same conditions of work for life Discuss the possible causes for these changes and give your suggestions on how people should prepare for work in the future It is true that in the modern workplace, employees can no longer rely on keeping the same job, or even the same working conditions, for life While there are some important reasons for this, there are also ways in which people might prepare for work in the future The most important cause for such changes is the introduction of new technology In terms of manufacturing, few workers can expect to have a steady job This is an inevitable consequence of mechanisation and, while this increases labour productivity, it also reduces the need for workers In product design, for instance, advances in technology, using computer software packages, have resulted in the loss of conventional skills of creative drawing In service to have a steady job: to have a job which you are unlikely to lose, but which is usually the same routine an inevitable consequence: certain to happen and unable to be avoided or prevented mechanisation/mechanization: changes made to a process, so that the work is done by machines, not people + Để tìm hiểu thơng tin khóa học, sách thầy Bách, bạn truy cập: www.ngocbach.com + Hotline: 0974657403 (Hoặc email: ieltsbach1707@gmail.com) 86 industries, online shopping and selfservice supermarket checkouts result in fewer staff Order pickers, working alongside robots, in vast warehouses like Amazon mean fewer assistants in stores to provide personal service to customers However, people must prepare for the future world of work One suggestion is that workers should be prepared to welcome change by accepting the need for flexible working hours, or even moving to another area or country to find employment Another suggestion is that employers ought to play their part by providing vocational courses and training at work, so that their employees can learn new skills For example, a person serving customers in a store would also be able to tackle administrative work requiring them to be computer literate labour productivity: the rate at which a worker, a company or a country produces goods, and the amount produced, compared with how much time, work and money is needed to produce them advances in technology: the improvement or development in technology service industries: the part of a country’s economy that provides services to customers online shopping: shopping while connected to the internet supermarket checkouts: the place where you go to pay for the things that you have bought order pickers: people used to pick In conclusion, although leading-edge goods from storage and package or technology has changed how people deliver them for customers work, employers and employees must conventional skills: traditional and find ways to adapt to such changes common skills 261 words to welcome change: to accept change with enthusiasm flexible working hours: hours of work that can be changed by agreement between the employer and the employee vocational courses: courses which provide students with the skills and knowledge that they need to a particular job + Để tìm hiểu thơng tin khóa học, sách thầy Bách, bạn truy cập: www.ngocbach.com + Hotline: 0974657403 (Hoặc email: ieltsbach1707@gmail.com) 87 to tackle: to make a determined effort to deal with a difficult problem or situation to be computer literate: able to use computers well leading-edge technology: the most advanced position in technology + Để tìm hiểu thơng tin khóa học, sách thầy Bách, bạn truy cập: www.ngocbach.com + Hotline: 0974657403 (Hoặc email: ieltsbach1707@gmail.com) 88 ... galleries are not essential in this the arts is given by the government and computer age, I would be sad to see their some money is provided by private disappearance Firstly, the buildings + Để... that an employer is allowed to pay by law On the other hand, money and appearances are the things most valued in the modern world People are increasingly judged by their wealth a close-knit family:... of complicated official rules or ways of doing things organised by a government welfare: practical or financial help provided by the government to help people in need to integrate into society: