Tài liệu ôn thi môn Dịch đại cương Tiếng Anh EN42 Phần 2 Lớp Ngôn ngữ Anh Elearning Trường Đại học Mở Hà Nội: Luyện tập trắc nghiệm, Kiểm tra trắc nghiệm, Luyện tập Nội dung môn học: Nội dung chương trình nhằm cung cấp cho sinh viên nắm được các nguyên lý, nguyên tắc cơ bản của quá trình dịch thuật; một số vấn đề khó khăn, thử thách trong khi dịch theo đường hướng giao tiếp; sự khác nhau giữa dịch nói và dịch viết; các phương pháp dịch phổ biến hiện nay; kỹ năng xác định phạm vi giao tiếp, phạm vi trình bày vấn đề; ...
Dịch đại cương – EN42 Bài luyện tập trắc nghiệm 01 The predominant purpose of theories of translation is ………… of every word and phrase in the original Chọn câu trả lời: a To a lot of translating b to express as exactly as possible the full force and meaning Câu trả lời c To get as many meanings as possible d To a good job In the other theory of translation, the predominant purpose is……… , but rather moves in its new dress with the same ease as in its native rendering Chọn câu trả lời: a to produce a result that does not read like a translation at all Câu trả lời b To replace the new text with its direct meanings c To convey the meaning of the whole text Câu trả lời không d To the translation as quickly as possible Translation is the expression in another language (target language) of what has been expressed in one language (………………………), preserving semantic and stylistic equivalencies Chọn câu trả lời: a Another language b source language Câu trả lời c First language d Second language Translating must aim primarily at …………………………………….To anything else is essentially false to one’s task as a translator Chọn câu trả lời: a Correcting all the words and phrases b Choosing the right word choice c Practising rendering texts d “reproducing the message.” Câu trả lời Translation Studies, indeed a discipline in its own right, aims ……… which can be used as a guideline for the production of translations Chọn câu trả lời: a to produce a comprehensive theory Câu trả lời b To attract more researchers c To practise rendering texts of all kinds Câu trả lời không d To find out a good book Translation should ensure that the ……… meaning of the two will be approximately similar Chọn câu trả lời: a surface Câu trả lời b different c abstract d indirect Translation has become popular in language learning and daily life So far, there have been ………………………definitions of translation Chọn câu trả lời: a many Câu trả lời b 17 c 18 d 20 Since the mid-1970s the name ‘Translation Studies’ has been adopted to indicate that the …….……………………………………………is not just a minor branch of comparative literary study, nor yet a specific area of linguistics, but a vastly complex field Chọn câu trả lời: a Way of translating b study of translation Câu trả lời c Method of translation d Field of translation to translate means “……………… a text in a target setting for a target purpose and target addresses in target circumstances” Chọn câu trả lời: a To arrange b to produce Câu trả lời c To get Câu trả lời không d To correct The translator discovers the meaning behind the forms in the source language and does his best to produce the same meaning …………………………………………… Chọn câu trả lời: a in the target language Câu trả lời b in the source language c Outside the source text d Out of the source text There is some unusuality or ……… in the target language Chọn câu trả lời: a Nature b Natural c Unnaturalness Câu trả lời d unnatural Câu trả lời không The forms are ……………… to as the surface structure of a language Chọn câu trả lời: a refer b Referred Câu trả lời c Referring d Reference Câu trả lời không Translation is the ……………… of a representation of a text in one language by a representation of an equivalent text in a second language Chọn câu trả lời: a Replaced b Replacement Câu trả lời c Replaceable d Replacing The linguistic approaches basically saw translating as …………………………… Chọn câu trả lời: a An authentic way of expressing ideas b a code-switching operation Câu trả lời c A good way of communication d A subject of study Translation has become popular in language learning and daily life So far, there have been many ……… ……………… of translation, Chọn câu trả lời: a defining b definition c definition d definitions Câu trả lời Translation may be defined as follows: the replacement of textual material in one language (Source Ianguage.) by ………………… in another language (Target Language) Chọn câu trả lời: a equivalent clauses b equivalent words Câu trả lời không c equivalent material Câu trả lời d equivalent sentences Câu trả lời không Translation is the expression in another language (target language) of what has been expressed in one language (source language), preserving……………… Chọn câu trả lời: a All the features of words and phrases, not the whole sentence b semantic and stylistic equivalencies Câu trả lời c The simplest form of the language in communication d Only the best meanings of the texts The theory of translation involves normative approaches, putting a strong emphasis on prescribing to translators how to and …………… Chọn câu trả lời: a translating b how not to translate Câu trả lời c Where to translate d What to translate Câu trả lời không Translation theory includes ……………………….for translating figurative language, dealing with lexical mismatches, rhetorical questions, inclusion of cohesion markers, and many other topics crucial to good translation Chọn câu trả lời: a Principles Câu trả lời b Reasons c Results d Causes It is the structural part of language which is actually seen in print or heard in ……… Chọn câu trả lời: a Spoke b Spoken c Speech Câu trả lời d Speaking Câu trả lời không There are a variety of cultural elements to take into……………… when starting a translation Chọn câu trả lời: a consideration Câu trả lời b Consider c Considered d Considering Translation is rendering a written text into another language in a way that the …………… intended the text Chọn câu trả lời: a Worker b Author Câu trả lời c Secretary d Musician Translation it must be conceived as an integral communicative……………………… Chọn câu trả lời: a Performance Câu trả lời b Performed c performing d Performative Câu trả lời không The instructor can then hope to measure the students’ linguistic competence by … Chọn câu trả lời: a Asking some questions Câu trả lời không b means of the target language products Câu trả lời c Encouraging them to work more d Practising more and more The choice of the right word in the receptor language to translate a word in the source-language text depends more ………than upon a fixed system of verbal consistency Chọn câu trả lời: a At the context Câu trả lời không b on the context Câu trả lời c About the source text d With the meaning of the text The manner in which the target reader responds to the target text must be the same as that in which the source reader responded to ………………… Chọn câu trả lời: a The target text b The full text c the source text Câu trả lời d The final text In ……………………… the form of the source language is replaced by the form of the receptor/target language Chọn câu trả lời: a Transliteration b Translation Câu trả lời c translated d Translating The source-language content, form, style, function, etc must be preserved, or at least that the translation must seek ………….them as far as possible Chọn câu trả lời: a to preserve Câu trả lời b Preserve c Preserving d preservation The translator must strive for equivalence rather than identity In a sense this is just another way of emphasizing ………………….rather than the conservation of the form of the utterance Chọn câu trả lời: a The correction of the message b The formation of the message c the reproduction of the message Câu trả lời d The creation of the message At the beginning of the 1970s, the focus shifted from the word or phrase …… the text as a unit of translation Chọn câu trả lời: a At b For c To Câu trả lời d With Practically, whether ………………is termed as ‘Translation Theory’ or ‘Translation Studies’ it culminates with the theory on proper principles of translation Chọn câu trả lời: a the study of translation Câu trả lời b The interest in translation c The practice of translation d The usefulness of translation The linguistic approaches basically …………… translating as a codeswitching operation Chọn câu trả lời: a Seeing b Sees c Saw Câu trả lời d seen Translation, by dictionary definition, consists of changing from one state or form to another, to turn into ………………or another’s language Chọn câu trả lời: a Her own b His own c Their own d one’s own Câu trả lời Translating may be defined as the process of ……………………signs or representations into other signs or representations Chọn câu trả lời: a Transformed b transformer Câu trả lời không c Transforming Câu trả lời d Transformation Translation theory includes principles for translating figurative language, dealing with lexical mismatches, rhetorical questions, inclusion of cohesion markers, and … Chọn câu trả lời: a To give translator a chance b Other fields to complete the process c A lot of work to d many other topics crucial to good translation Câu trả lời The structures of ………………………………… will be preserved as closely as possible but not so closely that the target language structure will be seriously distorted Chọn câu trả lời: a sentence b Clause c target d the source language Câu trả lời A satisfactory translation is always possible, but a good translator is never satisfied ………it Chọn câu trả lời: a With Câu trả lời b About c Of d for Dịch đại cương – EN42 Bài luyện tập trắc nghiệm 02 While the source text is addressed to a certain …………………, the translated text changes this factor in the situation of the language event to new readers in a new language Chọn câu trả lời: a b Readership Câu trả lời c Read d reader Câu trả lời không The three elements of source language, source text, and translator, theoretically and ……… precede the translated text Chọn câu trả lời: a Practical b practice c Practically Câu trả lời d Practise A consecutive interpreter is one whose job is to change what…………………in one language into another language Chọn câu trả lời: a has been said Câu trả lời b Was said c Have been said d Were said The source language, as has been seen earlier, is not only the very central and initial point for the …………….of the translation process but also is the background for all translation processes Chọn câu trả lời: a Starting b started c To start d Start Câu trả lời This means that the translator has, ………………….the pressure of deadlines, more time than the interpreter (especially the simultaneous interpreter) to process the source text thoroughly Chọn câu trả lời: a Despite Câu trả lời b In spite c although d though …………sits next to or behind his “client” doing a great variety of activities under different names: “community interpreting”, “public service interpreting”, “hospital interpreting”, “mental health interpreting” and “social service interpreting” Chọn câu trả lời: a The interpreter Câu trả lời b The editor c The translator d The analyst e The operator The elements of translation interact as elements achieving one function, in ……each element relates to one or more of the rest Chọn câu trả lời: a What b Which Câu trả lời c who d When The producer of the final interpretation …………………… determines the meaning(s) which readers of the translation will read Chọn câu trả lời: a Where b Which Câu trả lời c When d What In other words, adaptation translation aims to create an equivalence of the same value …………………… to a different situation Chọn câu trả lời: a Apply b Applicant c Applicable Câu trả lời d Application In English, the negation of the verb in the first clause stands for …… in the following clause Chọn câu trả lời: a the negation of the auxiliary verb b The affirmative form of the verb c the positive form of the verb d the negation of the verb Câu trả lời A text could be translated into anything, ranging from one sentence to usually one third of the …………………length, depending on specific situations Chọn câu trả lời: a Originate b Origin c Origination d original Câu trả lời The meaning of words are translated almost as ……………… as those in the target language without paying attention to the situation or context Chọn câu trả lời: a Closing b closely Câu trả lời c Closeness d close Adaptation is a highly free type of translation Here the focus is on sociocultural phenomena or ………………that are absent in the target culture Chọn câu trả lời: a Drillings b Works c practices Câu trả lời d Trainings Dịch đại cương – EN42 Bài luyện tập trắc nghiệm 04 English prepositions are usually single words in, at, on…; …………, there are some prepositions that look like a phrase, phasal prepositions: because of, in spite of… Chọn câu trả lời: a Additionally b Further more c However Câu trả lời d More over Câu trả lời không In some cases a prepositional phrase at the beginning of the English sentence may …………………that it is the subject of the sentence: Chọn câu trả lời: a make the translator understand Câu trả lời không b make the translator get confusing c make the translator misunderstand Câu trả lời d make the translator feel confusing There is no article in Vietnamsese whereas the ………….of article: indefinite articles a, an, definite article the, or zero article is a must in English noun phrases Chọn câu trả lời: a Usage b Using c Use Câu trả lời d Used The translator should remember … the zero article with plural count nouns in English to mean generally Chọn câu trả lời: a Usage Câu trả lời không b Using c to use Câu trả lời d Use Translators should define proper verbs of English to go with the subject, either …………………….: be, get, become… or action/dynamic verbs run, work… to follow the subject Chọn câu trả lời: a linking/static verbs Câu trả lời b Transitive verbs c Mono-transitive verbs d di-transitive verbs Syntactical forms which ………… used to express grammatical meanings of the verb in English sentences are obligatory, Chọn câu trả lời: a Is b are Câu trả lời c been d Has been Câu trả lời không …………………… in the English sentence is usually a noun phrase, pronouns, proper names, to-infinitives, gerunds, or clauses Chọn câu trả lời: a The clause b The predicate c The adverb d The subject Câu trả lời The sentence is structurally made up of a group of words which has subject and …………………… as indispensible elements; the complement, object and adverbial are optional: Chọn câu trả lời: a Verb form b verb predicate Câu trả lời c verb patterns d Verb phrase A sentence is a group of words conveying a complete idea which normally contain a subject and a verb predicate………………… Chọn câu trả lời: a In negative forms Câu trả lời không b in “finite” forms Câu trả lời c In various forms d In good forms Translators should use procedures of tranposition to render from the Source Language texts …………as to suit the Target Language grammar rules Chọn câu trả lời: a in several ways b in many ways c in such ways Câu trả lời d in such a way As for noun phrases (NP), the noun (common noun: love, proper noun: Mai, and pronoun: you) is ………of the phrase Chọn câu trả lời: a Hand b Head Câu trả lời c Arm d Leg Câu trả lời không The classification of words in Vietnamese does not seem to be so distinctive: word classes not have their typical forms, their forms never change in the sentence Chọn câu trả lời: a class b Classify c Classes d Classification Câu trả lời In English, the …………… phrase can be used after a verb, an adjective, or a noun and depend on them Chọn câu trả lời: a prepositionally b prepositions c Prepositional Câu trả lời d preposition Câu trả lời không Translators should define both subject and verb predicate at …………… time if they want to translate a sentence Chọn câu trả lời: a the same Câu trả lời b The big c The nice d The good In English-Vietnamese translation of the predicate verb, the meanings of time and aspect can ……………………to such words as đã, sẽ, sắp, đang… Chọn câu trả lời: a Suitable Câu trả lời không b Respond c Correspond Câu trả lời d Go The …………………………….in the English sentence usually stands right after the subject, giving information about the subject Chọn câu trả lời: a Verb phrase b verb predicate Câu trả lời c Verb form d Verb patterns It is ……………… that in an English sentence the predicate verb (V) be in finite forms, the predicate agreeing with the subject in person and number Chọn câu trả lời: a Bad b Obligatory Câu trả lời c New d Strange As can be seen from above, the English sentence is mechanically indicated by means of a period/stop (.), a question mark (?) or an exclamation mark (!) – never by a comma (,) -…………………… Chọn câu trả lời: a at the beginning in writing b at the end in writing Câu trả lời c by the end in writing d In the middle in writing Coordinating conjuctions are only in mid-position whereas ……………… conjunctions can be in initial or mid-position in the sentence Chọn câu trả lời: a Subordination b subordinate c Subordinative Câu trả lời không d Subordinating Câu trả lời Dịch đại cương – EN42 Bài kiểm tra trắc nghiệm It is clear that words are …… of by morphemes For example, the word “book” has one morpheme and “book-s” two morphemes Chọn câu trả lời: a Contained up b Taken up c made up Câu trả lời d Consisted up Things are defined as all animate beings and all inanimate entities Events include all actions, processes, ……… experiences Chọn câu trả lời: a Nor b For c And Câu trả lời d So Concept is used in this section to refer not to the form (word) but only ……… the meaning in any given language Chọn câu trả lời: a Towards b Under c For d To Câu trả lời Figurative meaning is based on or makes use of figures of ………………such as metaphor (an implied comparison between two things with the same characteristic Chọn câu trả lời: a Writing b speak c Speech Câu trả lời d Listening Connotation is subjective by the language users, and can be influenced by …… Chọn câu trả lời: a Many methods b Many objects c Many subjects d many factors Câu trả lời There will be words which …………….some of the meaning components combined in them matching a word which has these components with some additional ones Chọn câu trả lời: a Had b have Câu trả lời c Has d Having ……………………………… meaning is also referred to as conceptual, cognitive or propositional meaning, but the sense is the same Chọn câu trả lời: a denotative b Literal Câu trả lời không c Indirect d Direct Câu trả lời không In Vietnamese, words that correspond to both lexical ………………… grammatical words in English are numerous Chọn câu trả lời: a so b But c And Câu trả lời d Or The translator begins drafting the translation piece by piece, section …………………………by using the lexis and structures Chọn câu trả lời: a By phrase b by section Câu trả lời c By sentence d By step Faced by a text in a language, as student translators, you should analyze the text by asking and …………………………….several questions Chọn câu trả lời: a Tobe answered b Answered c Answering Câu trả lời d To be answering In word formation, morphemes which occur at the front of a word are called ……………………… Chọn câu trả lời: a prefixes Câu trả lời b root c Inflectional d Suffixes ………………………………should be aware of the concepts muli-words convey and the rules how to make and write compound words in English Chọn câu trả lời: a Translators Câu trả lời b Doctors c Workers d Teachers Meaning components are ‘packaged’ differently in one language from another That is why the translator needs …………… to analyze the lexical items (words) of the source text in order to translate them Chọn câu trả lời: a Have been able b be able Câu trả lời không c Has been able d to be able However, grammatical words in general and articles and prepositions in ……………… might cause headache to translators Chọn câu trả lời: a Time b deed c particular Câu trả lời d fact Vietnamese is a ………… language Vietnamese words not change their forms Chọn câu trả lời: a First b non-inflectional Câu trả lời c inflectional d Second It may then be possible to translate with a word in the receptor language which is ………………… the central concept and use a phrase to add a further definition Chọn câu trả lời: a equivalent on Câu trả lời không b equivalent for c equivalent with d equivalent to Semantically, the meaning of a word includes a number of meaning components classified as things, events, attributes or relations which are combined ………………lexical items Chọn câu trả lời: a Under b for c into Câu trả lời d about There are some word classes that are only typical in certain languages, so the number of word classes in all languages is not similar and their ……………… are not the same Chọn câu trả lời: a Relationship b Syntactic functions c structure Câu trả lời không d grammartical context Translators should rely on the context to select the right word; in ………………about which word to be used, they could consult a dictionary of synonyms and antonyms or any thesaurus for help Chọn câu trả lời: a case of doubt Câu trả lời b example of doubt c way of doubt d field of doubt The translators should read the text several times, then if possible read other materials that may help in understanding the culture or language of the …………………… Chọn câu trả lời: a Passage b Language c source text Câu trả lời d Paragraph The translator also has to solve, ………………., matters involving text adjustments in terms of additions, omissions and adaptations Chọn câu trả lời: a in mind Câu trả lời b Inside mind c At mind d Within mind The translator should try ……… in the text those differences (usually by underlining) both in linguistic and cultural aspects between the source and target language Chọn câu trả lời: a Finding b To found c to find Câu trả lời d Found Remember that all of our verbalizing must be done in the target language now We must ……………… between alternatives and produce a text that is sequentially complete Chọn câu trả lời: a Choosing b To choose c Choose Câu trả lời d When analyzing the text for translation ……………… the first time, the translator needs to find answers to these questions: Chọn câu trả lời: a with b in Câu trả lời không c for d Under Polysemes can be compared with homonyms, which are words with several …………………meanings Chọn câu trả lời: a Common b Direct c Popular d Unrelated Câu trả lời When a word has one morpheme, the morpheme belongs to the ……………… category girl, house, do… which cannot be divided into smaller meaningful units Chọn câu trả lời: a Free/root Câu trả lời b Inflectional c Bound d Affixational There is any place where information has been added, omitted, or subtracted Chọn câu trả lời: a subtracting b To subtract c subtracted Câu trả lời d Substract If any key words are …………… , the text will need to be checked carefully for consistency in the change made Chọn câu trả lời: a Change b Changed Câu trả lời c Changing d To change The translator should examine his reasons for choosing the text and the potential for its use by the ……………………………………….audience Chọn câu trả lời: a Received language b Receptor language Câu trả lời c Receiver language d Receiving language Certain strategies ………………… those differences; for example, certain expressions or key terms in their text-to-be need to be selected Chọn câu trả lời: a Dealing b to deal with Câu trả lời c Dealing with d To deal He or she reformulates the translation according to the grammar rules, …………… , cultural norms in the target language Chọn câu trả lời: a word usage Câu trả lời b word using c word use d word to use What is generally understood as translation involves the …………… of a source language text into the target text Chọn câu trả lời: a playing b rendering Câu trả lời c talking d telling In word formation, morphemes which occur at the end of a word are called………………………… Chọn câu trả lời: a bound b root c prefixes Câu trả lời không d Suffixes !! there is a skewing between the semantic classification …………… the grammatical classification Some words are made up of more than one concept Chọn câu trả lời: a Or Câu trả lời không b nor c but d And The translator must guard against trying to match ………………… from language to language, since each language has its own system for arranging concepts into different parts of speech Chọn câu trả lời: a pieces of speech b bits of speech c sections of speech Câu trả lời không d parts of speech It can be said that language cannot exist without words Word ………is the reflection of human perception of the world Chọn câu trả lời: a Combination b formimg c categorization d Changing Câu trả lời không The stage of editing the translated text which …………… the form of a careful last-minute checking and correcting of possible mistakes or other inaccuracies is implemented in most cases of translation Chọn câu trả lời: a takes Câu trả lời b Taking c Took d Taken English vocabulary mostly consists in single words, but …………….… of multiword vocabulary is not small Chọn câu trả lời: a The fact b The number c the amount Câu trả lời d The figure If any key words are changed, the text will need to be checked carefully for consistency in the change……………… Chọn câu trả lời: a Making b made Câu trả lời c Is making d Being made Once the translation is completed, the translator should revise it, rarely fewer than three times and, ………, with a time lapse (after hours or even days) between revisions Chọn câu trả lời: a when possibly b when possiblity Câu trả lời không c when possible d when with possiblity Translator need revise the draft on the basis of the feedback received from those people who may have suggested many…………………., changes, additions or omissions with the translator Chọn câu trả lời: a Rewrite b Reworded Câu trả lời không c Rewriting d Rewordings Translators have to make sure that they ………………….a text well in the original language Chọn câu trả lời: a Understanding b Understood c understand Câu trả lời d To understand ... ………it Chọn câu trả lời: a With Câu trả lời b About c Of d for Dịch đại cương – EN 42 Bài luyện tập trắc nghiệm 02 While the source text is addressed to a certain …………………, the translated text changes... second language c The translated language d The target language Câu trả lời không Dịch đại cương – EN 42 Bài luyện tập trắc nghiệm 03 when meeting for the first time, ………………………… when introduced to... culture Chọn câu trả lời: a Drillings b Works c practices Câu trả lời d Trainings Dịch đại cương – EN 42 Bài luyện tập trắc nghiệm 04 English prepositions are usually single words in, at, on…; …………,