Tài liệu ôn thi tốt nghiệp Reported speech Reported speech A. phần lý thuyết Khi chuyển từ câu trực tiếp sang gián tiếp cần chú ý những thay đổi sau đây: - Về đại từ ( chủ ngữ, tân ngữ, sở hữu) và tính từ sở hữu. - Thay đổi về thì của động từ. - Thay đổi về trạng từ (thời gian và nơi chốn). Quy tắc thay đổi nh sau: 1. Thì động từ: One tense back direct indirect a. Simple present : S + V (s / es) b. Present continuous: S + am / is /are + V-ing c. Past simple : S + V2 / V-ed d. Past continuous: S + was / were + V-ing e. Present perfect: S + have / has + V3/V-ed f. P. Perfect continuous: S + have / has been + V- ing g. Must / have to h. Can / May / Will / Shall a. Past simple : S + V2 / V-ed b. Past continuous: S + was/were + V-ing c. Past perfect : S + had + V3 / V-ed d. Past perfect continuous : S + had been + V-ing e. Past perfect : S + had + V3 / V-ed f. Past perfect continuous : S + had been + V-ing g. Had to h. Could / Might / Would / Should 2. Trạng từ: direct indirect - yesterday - last night - two years ago - today - tonight - tomorrow - next year - this - these - here - now - the previous day/ the day before - the previous night/the night before - two years before - that day - that night - the / next/ following day/ - the following year/ the next year - that - those - there - then 3. Đại từ và tính từ sở hữu: Phụ thuộc vào ngời tờng thuật Eg: I will give you a lift to your home, Ba Nga said. Nga said to me that she would give me a lift to my home Nga said to Ba that she would give him a lift to his home Các loại câu gián tiếp: A. STATEMENTS Ex 1 : She is going to America for six months They say ( that) she is going to America for six months I went home early She told me she had gone home early Provided by: Nguyen Dinh Hung 1 Tài liệu ôn thi tốt nghiệp Reported speech Note: Nu ng t tng thut thỡ hin ti (say) ng t trong mnh tng thut khụng cú s thay i v thỡ Nu ng t tng thut quỏ kh (said / told) thỡ ng t trong mnh tng thut phi lựi mt thỡ. B. QUESTIONS 1. YES / NO questions Ex: She said , Are you thirsty , Peter ? . She asked Peter if (whether) he was thirsty. He asked me, Did you go to school yesterday ? He asked me if (whether) I had gone to school the day before 2. WH QUESTIONS Ex: He asked , What have you got in your bag ? He asked (me) what I had got in my bag He said , Mary , when is the next train ? He asked Mary when the next train was C. IMPERATIVE (Mnh lnh) 1. AFFIRMATIVE (khng nh) Ex : Stay in bed for a few days. The doctor said to me The doctor told me to stay in bed for a few days 2. NEGATIVE (Ph nh) Ex : Dont wait, he said to me He asked me not to wait Never do that again , she said to her son She told her son never to do that Cách dùng khác: 1. Lets + V 0 . // Why dont we + V 1 // What about + Ving . S + suggested + Ving Ex: He said, Lets have a drink. He suggested having a drink. Timmy said, Why dont we go on a picnic Timmy suggested going on a picnic. 2. Why dont you + V 1 . ? // S + should + V 0 S + advised + O + to + V 0 Ex: She said to him, Why dont you go to the doctor? She advised him to go to the doctor. 3. Yes, lets do agree No, lets not do be against the idea. Eg: Lets eat out tonight said the mother Yes, lets said the son No, lets not said the father The mother suggested eating out that night and the son agreed but the father was against the idea. Các trờng hợp không đổi thì a) khi động từ tờng thuật và động từ chính cùng thì. Ex: My mother says to me, you are my little pet. My mother tells me that I am her little pet. b) Sự thật hiển nhiên Ex: Galileo said, The earth goes around the sun. Galileo said (that) the earth goes around the sun. c) Thì quá khứ đơn nêu rõ thời gian cụ thể. Ex: Tom said to me, My grandfather died in 1990. Tom told me that his grandfather died in 1990. d) Câu điều kiện loại 2,3 và cấu trúc used to: Ex: If I had much money, I would have travel around the world. Said the boy. The boy said if he had much money he would travel around the world. Provided by: Nguyen Dinh Hung 2 Tµi liÖu «n thi tèt nghiÖp Reported speech B. phÇn bµi tËp Change this direct speech into reported speech: 1. “He works in a bank” →She said __________________________________ 2. “We went out last night” →They told me __________________________________ 3. “I’m coming!” →She said _________________________________ 4. “I was waiting for the bus when he arrived” →She told me _____________________________________ 5. “ I’d never been there before” →She said _____________________________________ 6. “I didn’t go to the party” →She told me _____________________________________ 7. She said, “I went to the cinema yesterday” →She said ______________________________ 8. “He hasn’t eaten breakfast” →She told me _________________________________ 9. “I can help you tomorrow” →She said _____________________________________ 10. “You should go to bed early” →She advised me _________________________________ 11. “I don’t like chocolate” →She told me _____________________________________ 12. “I won’t see you tomorrow” →She said ____________________________________ 13. “She’s living in Paris for a few months” →She said ______________________________ 14. “I visited my parents at the weekend” →She told me _________________________________ 15. “She hasn’t eaten sushi before” →She said _________________________________ 16. “I hadn’t travelled by underground before I came to London” →She said ___________________________ 17. “They would help if they could” →She said ____________________________________ 18. “I’ll do the washing-up later” →She told me ________________________________ 19. “I will apply for my visa tomorrow” →She said ______________________________________ 20. “I was sleeping when Julie called” →She said _______________________________________ 21. He said , “I was born in 1993” →She said ___________________________ 22. “If I were you ,I wouldn’t come here” Lan said → Lan said___________________________ 23. They said, “We are leaving tomorrow” → They said that ___________________________ 24.”I used to be a policeman ” →He said to the boy_________________________ 25. “The Sun rises in the East and goes down in the West ” → The teacher said to the students_______________ Reported Requests and Orders 1. “Please tell me the truth” → She asked me ________________________ 2. “Please come early” → She _____________________________ 3. “Please buy some milk” → She ________________________________ 4. “Could you please open the window?” → She ______________________________ 5. “Could you bring the book tonight?” → She ______________________________ 6. “Can you help me with my homework, please?” → She _________________________ 7. “Would you bring me a cup of coffee, please?” → She _________________________ 8. “Would you mind passing the salt?” → She ______________________ 9. “Would you mind lending me a pencil?” → She __________________________ 10. “I was wondering if you could possibly tell me the time?” → She _____________________________ 11. “Do your homework!” → She told me __________________________ 12. “Go to bed!” → She _________________________________ 13. “Don’t be late!” → She ________________________________ 14. “Don’t smoke!” → She ________________________________ 15. “Tidy your room!” → She ____________________________ 16. “Wait here!” → She ______________________________ 17. “Don’t do that!” → She ___________________________________ 18. “Eat your dinner!” → She ______________________________________ 19. “Don’t make a mess!” → She __________________________________ 20. “Do the washing-up!” → She _______________________________ 21. “Open the book” →The teacher _________________________ 22.”May I borrow your English book, Hoa ” →She asked me_________________________ 23. “Never be late again”The teacher said to the student→The teacher told_________________________ Provided by: Nguyen Dinh Hung 3 Tµi liÖu «n thi tèt nghiÖp Reported speech Reported Questions Change these direct questions into reported speech: 1. “Where is he?” → She asked me _______________________ 2. “What are you doing?” → He asked his daughter _____________________________ 3. “Why did you go out last night?” → She asked me ______________________________ 4. “Who was that beautiful woman?” → She asked me _______________________________ 5. “How is your mother?”She asked me _________________________________ 6. “What are you going to do at the weekend?” → She asked me ___________________________ 7. “Where will you live after graduation?” → She asked me ________________________________ 8. “What were you doing when I saw you?” → She asked me _________________________________ 9. “How was the journey?” → She asked me ________________________________ 10. “How often do you go to the cinema?” → She asked me _____________________________ 11. “Do you live in London?” → She asked me ____________________________ 12. “Did he arrive on time?” → She asked me _______________________________ 13. “Have you been to Paris?” → She asked me ___________________________________ 14. “Can you help me?” → She asked me _________________________________ 15. “Are you working tonight?” → She asked me _________________________________ 16. “Will you come later?” → She asked me ______________________________ 17. “Do you like coffee?” → She asked me _________________________________ 18. “Is this the road to the station?” → She asked me ___________________________________ 19. “Did you do your homework?” → She asked me __________________________________ 20. “Have you studied reported speech before?” → She asked me ______________________________ Reported with to infinitive 1. “You should go to see the doctor” →She advised me______________________________ 2. “If you like , I’ll help you clean the windows” → Jane offered______________________________ 3. “I will come to your party next Sun day evening” She said to Jonh→ She promised________________ 4. “Why did you change your job?” Linh asked Tuan→ Linh wanted______________________________ 5. “You should join the school football team, Minh” →The teacher encouraged_______________________ 6. “Remember to lock the door before going to school” →The mother reminded her son______________________________ 7. “Come to see me whenever you want” → He invited me______________________________ 8. “All right ! I’ll wait for you” →He agreed______________________________ 9. “You can go home now, boy ” →He allowed______________________________ 10. “Be careful of strangers” →He warmed us______________________________ 11. She said “What about going out for lunch? ” – “That’s agood idea” said I. → She suggested______________________________ 12. “Would you like to go to the conema with me tonight?” Minh said to Hoa “I’d love but…” Hoa replied →Minh invited ______________________________ Reported with to gerund 1. “Shall we go for a walk ” → He suggested_________________________ 2.”I know, I am wrong” → She admitted_________________________ 3. “I didn’t say that” → He dinied_________________________ 4. “I wish I hadn’t tell him about that” → She regreted_________________________ 5. “I haven’t finished my task, I am terrible sorry” → The boy apolozied_________________________ 6. “I feel like meeting you soon”She said to her husband → She looked forward_____________________ 7. “It’s very kind of you to give me a very nice present” → She thanked him______________________ 8. “It’s you who took my bag” → The woman accused the boy_________________________ 9. “What I always want is to become a teacher of English” She dreamt_________________________ 10. “I must do this job” → She insisted _________________________ Provided by: Nguyen Dinh Hung 4 . travel around the world. Provided by: Nguyen Dinh Hung 2 Tµi liÖu «n thi tèt nghiÖp Reported speech B. phÇn bµi tËp Change this direct speech into reported. again”The teacher said to the student→The teacher told_________________________ Provided by: Nguyen Dinh Hung 3 Tµi liÖu «n thi tèt nghiÖp Reported speech