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LISTENING TEST – ANSWER KEY PART 1 – Questions 1 8 1. C 2. A 3. A 4. D 5. B 6. C 7. B 8. D PART 2 – Questions 920 Questions 912 9. A 10. B 11. D 12. C Questions 1316 13. C 14. D 15. C 16. A Questions 1720 17. D 18. C 19. A 20. D PART 3 – Questions 2135 Questions 2125 21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. C Questions 2630 26. B 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. A Questions 3135 31. B 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. B
SCRIPTS 3 8 9-12 13-16 17-20 Listen to a conversation between a professor and his assistant Dr Abercrombie: Good morning, Hanna Thanks for coming in How was your holiday? Mr Fitch: It was very good, Professor, thanks A week in the Appalachians is really therapeutic Nothing to but eat, sleep, and listen to nature It's beautiful up there in the spring- the countryside is so green and the people are so friendly and laid back A good place to unwind Dr: I envy you I've just got too much to get done to get away at all now I must get this book finished, for one thing my publisher's getting impatient I've outlined the last two chapters, though, finally, so it won't take me too much longer, I hope Maybe I'll be able to go somewhere at Christmas But, um, what I wanted to talk to you about is our syllabus for this term, Hanna I know this is short notice, but I'd like to make a couple of little changes to it Mr: Uh oh! I know your idea of "little" changes! Dr: (laughs) No, no, I don't think it'll be that bad this time What I'd like to is, uh, cut Lectures Two and Three the ones on Old English and Middle English down to half their length and then meld them together into a single lecture Then, with that extra ninety minutes, I want to add a lecture at the end on World Englishes I think it's time we dealt with that more thoroughly, don't you? Mr: Yessir, I certainly That's a good idea So I guess I just need to cut down the quizzes to match and add a new one for World Englishes Do you know when I'll be able to see your revised OE and ME notes? Dr: I've already done a good bit of that revision, Hanna, and I think I'll have them ready for you before Lecture One That's April eighth, I think? Mr Yes, Tuesday the eighth Dr: I've taken the segments on pronunciation out I think we can lose those easily enough Nobody really needs to recite "Beowulf" or the "Canterbury Tales" any more no matter how much fun it is Mr: And that means you probably won't be discussing orthography much either? Dr: I suppose not I just want to be sure to point out clearly the main ways in which Modern English has developed from its predecessors You know, the Great Vowel Shift, and so forth Saving ninety minutes is not going to commit Old and Middle English to total oblivion, after all Mr: (laughs) Not if you can help it, certainly! So I can eliminate the phonetics quiz completely, then? Dr: Yes, I think so I'll still give them a reading just so they can get a flavour of their ancestral tongue, but they can get as much of the phonetics as they want out of the textbook-and it's rote learning anyway, really Mr: Now, what about your new lecture, then? Can I get started on any of that? Dr: Yes, that's where I could really use your help in the next couple of weeks I need you to research 'pidgins and creoles' for me I've never paid enough attention to them, and I'd like an idea of the number there are, uh, their distribution, and uh, what linguists are saying about them these days are they English dialects? Derivative languages? What? See if you can find me some interesting examples and some specific quotes, will you? Mr: Yes, of course I think I know the kind of thing you're looking for I'll take a look for internet sources this afternoon and then see what the library has later Dr: Thank you, Hanna, I'd appreciate that And while you're there, would you see if they've got a copy of Burnley's source book on the history of English? I can't seem to find mine Mr: Oh Uh that's because you lent it to me last term and erm, I haven't returned it yet Dr: Ah Well Get it back to me sometime soon, then, will you? I need to refer to it for my revisions Mr: Yessir, of course Anything else on the syllabus? Dr: Just that we'll need the student handout revised to reflect the changes Who was in charge of that last time? Mr: The department secretary has the file I'll draft a revision, let you check it, and then give it to her, shall I? Shouldn't take long, and we just need to get photocopies before the first class Dr: All right, I'll leave that in your hands too then, Hanna Just let me know if you need anything And I'll see you at the faculty meeting tomorrow afternoon Mr: Oh, yes Yes The faculty meeting Oh, and if you need any anecdotes on Appalachian English dialect, I'm your man I've just picked up a wealth of contemporary examples! Dr: (laughs) I'll keep that in mind Thanks, Hanna 21-25 26-30 31-35 Listen to part of a lecture in social science class Prof: Today we're going to begin with a short quiz No, no, you don't need pencil and paper, just listen It's only one question Ready? OK What blogs, Pokemon, tattoos, Cabbage Patch Kids, pet rocks, and hula hoops have in common? Anybody? S1: They're all stupid [laughter] S2: I know, Professor Morgan They're all fads Prof: Correct Now here's another question: How did you know that? In other words, what are the characteristics of a fad, and what's the difference between a fad and a trend? These are the questions we're going to consider together this afternoon Well, the main difference, I think, between a fad and a trend concerns time A fad is something that seems to appear suddenly It quickly becomes enormously popular, and then disappears just as suddenly as it came A trend also appears rather suddenly, and it also becomes very popular, but it doesn't disappear A trend can have a long-term influence on its particular market Fads and trends often resemble each other at first glance, but a fad usually has a definite beginning and end Um, Pokemon might be a fad, but the idea of fantasy playing cards for children might be a trend, for example Another difference is that fads usually stay within one industry Trends can cross over into many industries The hula hoop, for instance, has been called the greatest fad of all time Twenty five million [false start] In the late 1950s, 25 million hula hoops were sold in just four months But a year later, sales had virtually stopped The hula hoop was a toy It was fun to play with, but that's about all Now consider cell phones They were designed to be portable telephones, but they crossed over into the worlds of fashion, wireless communication, and now even photography People buy cell phones that match the latest clothes fashions They use cell phones for wireless Internet access They take photos with them Cell phones have become a trend Ahem [clears throat or coughs] Here's a third difference between fads and trends: how well industries accept them Fads are often promoted by smaller companies They need the quick money that fads provide Large companies don't accept fads right away They can't afford to be wrong If someone [false start] If a company is known as a trend-setter, and it promotes a fad, its reputation will be damaged Large companies buy products in huge numbers They don't want unsold products sitting on their shelves So they wait to see if a fad becomes a trend Then they will accept it in their stores Now yes? S2: How long does a fad have to last before it becomes a trend? I mean, there are all these energy drinks now There used to be only a couple, but now there's like, a hundred Are they still a fad? Exercise is a trend, so wouldn't energy drinks be part of the exercise trend? Prof: That's an excellent question! When exactly does a fad become a trend? You know, there are people who are paid a lot of money to answer that question If they get it right, companies become rich and famous If they get it wrong, companies go bankrupt and careers get ruined The short answer is: nobody knows Distinguishing between fads and trends is an art, not a science If it were easy, there would be a lot more rich people in the world Yes, in the back S1: Yeah, um can't people get rich from fads, too? You said they sold 25 million hula hoops in four months Someone must have made big money off that? Prof: Yes, they did Toy companies made, uh, $45 million off of hula hoops by the time the fad ended And maybe some of you have heard of pet rocks, in the 1970s? A man bought a rock for a penny, put it in a gift box and marketed it as a pet He became an instant millionaire But the problem [false start] The trouble with fads is, no one can predict them This man had no idea that so many people would buy rocks as pets He started it as kind of a joke The Pokemon creators had no clue their cards would become instantly popular all over the world That's the thing Fads are mysterious to both their creators and to the public ... all now I must get this book finished, for one thing my publisher''s getting impatient I''ve outlined the last two chapters, though, finally, so it won''t take me too much longer, I hope Maybe I''ll... revision, Hanna, and I think I''ll have them ready for you before Lecture One That''s April eighth, I think? Mr Yes, Tuesday the eighth Dr: I''ve taken the segments on pronunciation out I think we... mind Thanks, Hanna 21-25 26 -30 31 -35 Listen to part of a lecture in social science class Prof: Today we''re going to begin with a short quiz No, no, you don''t need pencil and paper, just listen