‘In this essential new volume, Ellingson and Sotirin ask: What data actually do? The authors land on multiple pragmatic potentials for what data can mean, and they present multiple possibilities for the utility of qualitative inquiry I cannot wait to use this book in my qualitative analysis seminar.’ Jimmie Manning, Ph.D., Chair and Professor, Communication Studies, School of Social Justice & Research Studies, University of Nevada ‘Ellingson and Sotorin offer a conceptually rich and action-oriented model of data engagement, a must-read for qualitative researchers in a wide variety of research areas The authors present a bold understanding of data as made and assembled illustrated with engaging examples, practical advice, and useful strategies Much more than a “how to” methods text, Making Data in Qualitative Research is a reader-friendly resource that advances qualitative research in creative and critical ways.’ Lynn M Harter, Ph.D., Professor and Co-Director, Barbara Geralds Institute for Storytelling and Social Impact ‘In this compelling and thought-provoking book, Ellingson and Sotirin invite us to stand within and alongside data, recognizing its agency and power to become something new every time we engage with it Instead of asking “What are data?” the authors ask “What data do?” Unimagined configurations take shape when we discover that fieldnotes have lively careers, recordings remain in flux, enlivened by new meanings across time and space, transcripts are never innocent, alive with political, cultural, and reflexive possibilities, and digital data circulates and transmutates through and across borders Every chapter offers vivid exemplars of published studies that reveal “data on the move”, helping readers to engage with and imagine possibilities for their own research By dis rupting traditional representations of data, this book challenges each of us to become entangled, embodied, and vulnerable in our engagement with data and the imagination and playfulness it evokes.’ Dr Patricia Geist-Martin, San Diego State University Making Data in Qualitative Research Making Data in Qualitative Research offers a generative alternative to outdated approaches to data collection By reimagining methods through a model of data engagement, qualitative researchers consider what is at stake—ethically, methodologically, and theoretically—when we co-create data and imagine possibilities for doing data differently Ellingson and Sotirin draw on critical, intersectional perspectives, including feminist, poststructuralist, new materialist, and postqualitative theorizing, to refigure methodological practices of data collection for the contemporary moment Ellingson and Sotirin’s data engagement model offers a vibrant frame work through which data are made rather than found; assembled rather than collected or gathered; and becoming or dynamic rather than static Further, pragmatism, compassion, and joy form a compelling ethical foundation for engaging with qualitative data reflecting the full range of critical, postpositivist, interpretivist, and arts-based research methods Chapters illuminate creative possibilities for engaging fieldnotes, audio/video recordings and photographs, transcription, digital/online data, participatory data, and self-as-data Making Data in Qualitative Research is a great resource for researchers who want to move past simplistic approaches to qualitative data collection and embrace provocative possibilities for engaging with data Bridging abstract theorizing and pragmatic strategies for making a wide variety of data, this book will appeal to graduate (and advanced undergraduate) qualitative methods stu dents and early career researchers, as well as to advanced scholars looking to update and expand the scope of their methods Laura L Ellingson is the Patrick A Donohoe, S.J Professor of Commu nication and Women’s and Gender Studies at Santa Clara University, USA She is the author of Engaging Crystallization in Qualitative Research (2009, SAGE) and Embodiment in Qualitative Research (2017, Routledge) Patty Sotirin is Professor of Communication at Michigan Technological University, USA She is co-author (with Laura Ellingson) of Aunting: Cultural Practices That Sustain Family and Community Life (2010, Baylor University Press) and Where the Aunts Are: Family, Feminism, and Kinship in Popular Culture (2013, Baylor University Press) Making Data in Qualitative Research Engagements, Ethics, and Entanglements Laura L Ellingson and Patty Sotirin First published 2020 by Routledge Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN and by Routledge 52 Vanderbilt Avenue, New York, NY 10017 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business © 2020 Taylor & Francis The right of Laura L Ellingson and Patty Sotirin to be identified as authors of this work has been asserted by them in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 All rights reserved No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalog record for this title has been requested Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A catalog record for this title has been requested ISBN: 978-0-367-17887-1 (hbk) ISBN: 978-0-367-17888-8 (pbk) ISBN: 978-0-429-05824-0 (ebk) Typeset in Bembo by Taylor & Francis Books Laura, For Glenn Patty, For my parents Contents List of figures Acknowledgments x xi Doing data engagement Engaging fieldnotes 15 Engaging recordings 33 Engaging transcripts 53 Engaging digital data 72 Engaging participatory data 87 Engaging self-as-data Postscript: Inviting data 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as material see materialism; messiness 3, 7, 8, 19, 65, 79, 95; postpositivist 2, 16–17, 34; postqualitative, 1, 4–5, 41 data engagement 1, 5, 14: as agential 7, 9, 10, 18, 24, 30, 45, 78–79, 112, 118; as making 6–7, 19–23, 35–39, 55–60, 74–77, 89–92, 113–114; as assembling 7–9, 23–25, 39–43, 60–63, 77–80, 92–99, 114–116; as becoming 9–11, 25–28, 43–47, 63–65, 80–81, 99–101, 116–119; as imp of fieldwork 31–32 data assemblage 7–10, 24–25, 27, 40–41, 45, 61, 77, 79, 80, 81, 112, 114, 115–116; as remixing 85–86; and selfies 121 data, digital: assembling heterogeneities 8, 79; following digital logics 77–78, 81–82, 86, 120–121; as becoming-with 80–81; and algorithms 72–76, 85, 111; as embedded 82; as emplacement 84; as everyday 83; and remixing 85–86; and research routines 81; and self-as-data 114 data history 53, 54, 69–70, 124 data-zombies 5, 45, 63–64, 70–71, 105 Denzin, N K 4, 109, 110 digital communities, crowds, publics 84–85 Ellingson, L L 1, 21, 31–32, 42, 46, 60, 70, 110 Ellis, C 4, 13, 110 embodiment: in digital data 81–83, 132–33; and fieldnotes 20–21; and mobilities 47–48; and participatory research 89–90, 102–103; and photography 51; in recordings 37–38; and self-as-data 111; as sensory learning 36–38; in transcripts 59, 66–69; and wonder 42, 71 Emerson, R M 16, 18, 20 ethics: of compassion 12–13, 25, 30, 39, 50, 76–77, 91, 108, 110–111; and critical frustration 122–123; and digital data 76–77; institutional review board 16–17; of joy 13–14, 25, 32, 42, 45, 57, 65, 80–81, 92, 108, 113, 118, 120, 121–122; and participatory research 92–101; of pragmatism 11–12, 19, 28, 36, 82, 124; and reflexivity 19, 57, 93, 97–98, 113, 117, 119–120 event memories 62 Faulkner, S L 10, 70 fieldnotes: agential 16, 18, 23–24, 30–31; choreographies of assembling 29–30; digitized 22–23; history 16–17; memory 18, 21, 26; multimodal 28–29; as nomadic writing 26–28; politics of organizing and classifying 23–24; postpostivist 16–17; in research-assemblage 24–25; textualization 20; three moments 18 Fox, N J 7, 24 156 Index Geertz, C Gitelman, L 2, 5, 6, 76, 112 Gullion, J S 87, 90, 93, 94, 98–99, 106 Hine, C 74, 75, 81–83 Holman Jones, S 4, 113 Jackson, A Y 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 8, 112, 122 Koro-Ljungberg, M 4, 5, 6, 9, 10, 24, 26, 27, 30, 80, 123 Lather, P 7, 19, 73, 110, 114 Lupton, D 77, 112, 116, 118 materialism: of data 6, 7, 10, 13, 25–26, 30–31, 44, 60–61, 67, 68, 104, 112, 123; of language 22, 42; and recording technologies 40, 44 MacLure, M 4, 6, 22, 42, 59, 70, 124 Markham, A 2, 5, 19, 23, 72–73, 76, 84, 85–86 Mondada, L 34, 35, 37, 40, 48, 54, 60 Nordstrom, S N 7, 8, 36, 42, 43, 44 participatory data: body mapping 89–90; collage 90, 102–103; community mapping 106; critical reflection mapping 106–07; data artifacts 89–91; diaries 105; digital stories 92; educational journey mapping 103; poetry 70–71, 105–06; Scraps of the Heart 105; sculpting 104; timelining 103; videovoice 97–98, 102 participatory research: and community relationships 99–101; as embodied 89–90; and ethics 97–99; and joy 92; and messiness 95; and neoliberalism 95–96; and politics of knowledge production 93–95; and reciprocity 97–99; as sensory 104; as visual 101–102, 105 Pink, S 20–21, 28, 29, 30, 49, 51, 52, 81, 83, 84 Postill, J 81, 84 radical specificity 11, 116–117 recordings: as artistic 36; as embodied 36–37; and fieldnotes 28; and data liveliness 44–45; internet 50; and mobilities 47–48; mundane 52; as political 37–38; and privacy 39; and replayability 43–44; remix 5–6; and “stubborn realism” 43–44; technological affordances 39–41; as transporting 46–47; and visual ethnography 33, 38; and workplaces 48 Richardson, L 113 Rogers, R 77–78 Selke, S 115 St Pierre, E 4, 26, 113 Sotirin, P 11, 46, 60, 105 soundscapes 83–84 self-as-data: autoethnography 110; and becoming “I” 118; as commingling 115; and critical frustration 122–123; as datasense 118–119; and data-wants 123; as layering juxtapositions 114–115; lifelogging and sousveillance 115–116, 118–119; as mapping digital formations 120–121; methodological turn to 109; as narrating and performing 109–110; and the performative “I” 113; 118; as performative stunting 121–122; performative turn 111; and radical specificity 116–117; and self-digitalization 111–112, 114; selfies 121 Tilton, A 90, 93, 94, 98, 106 transcripts: accuracy 57–58; as constructed 57–58, 60; and data history 53–54, 61, 69, 70; and data liveliness 59, 63, 64, 71; as embodied 55, 58, 67–68; and GIS 66–67; and liminality 60–62; as mapping 55–57; multimodal/multimedia 65, 66; as poetic transcription 70–71; and punctuation 69–69; and recordings 53; as tracing 54–55, 70; and technology 61; as translating 57–59; and wonder 70 transcript-zombies 63–64, 70, 71 Vannini, P 25, 26 writing: as nomadic 26–28; as (self)making 113, 119–120; as textualization 20–21 wonder 41–43, 70–71, 124 ... stake—ethically, methodologically, and theoretically—when we co-create data and imagine possibilities for doing data differently Ellingson and Sotirin draw on critical, intersectional perspectives, including... errancy of fieldnotes Composing lively video data Reanimating data joy Composing lively digital data Composing lively participatory data Composing the monitored self-as -data Inviting data joy 32... (2013, Baylor University Press) Making Data in Qualitative Research Engagements, Ethics, and Entanglements Laura L Ellingson and Patty Sotirin First published 2020 by Routledge Park Square, Milton