Thi online ky nang paraphrasing 80699 1016201820212PM

Khóa học PRO S.A.T Tiếng Anh – Cơ Vũ Mai Phương www.facebook.com/covumaiphuong THI ONLINE – KỸ NĂNG PARAPHRASING VIDEO BÀI GIẢNG LỜI GIẢI CHI TIẾT BÀI TẬP có website MOON.VN Câu Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions In Death Valley, California, one of the hottest, most arid places in North America, there is much salt, and salt can damage rocks impressively Inhabitants of areas elsewhere, where streets and highways are salted to control ice, are familiar with the resulting rust and deterioration on cars That attests to the chemically corrosive nature of salt, but it is not the way salt destroys rocks Salt breaks rocks apart principally by a process called crystal prying and wedging This happens not by soaking the rocks is salt water, but by moistening their bottoms with salt water Such conditions exist in many areas along the eastern edge of central Death Valley There, salty water rises from the groundwater table by capillary action through tiny spaces in sediment until it reaches the surface Most stones have capillary passages that suck salt water from the wet ground Death Valley provides an ultra-dry atmosphere and high daily temperatures, which promote evaporation and the formation of salt crystals along the cracks or other openings within stones These crystals grow as long as salt water is available Like tree roots breaking up a sidewalk, the growing crystals exert pressure on the rock and eventually pry the rocks apart along planes of weakness, such as banding in metamorphic rocks, bedding in sedimentary rocks, or preexisting or incipient fractions, and along boundaries between individual mineral crystals or grains Besides crystals growth, the expansion of halite crystals (the same as everyday table salt) by heating and of sulfates and similar salts by hydration can contribute additional stresses A rock durable enough to have withstood natural conditions for a very long time in other areas could probably be shattered into small pieces by salt weathering within a few generations The dominant salt in Death Valley is halite, or sodium chloride, but other salts, mostly carbonates and sulfates, also cause prying and wedging, as does ordinary ice Weathering by a variety of salts, though often subtle, is a worldwide phenomenon Not restricted to arid regions, intense salt weathering occurs mostly in salt-rich places like the seashore, near the large saline lakes in the Dry Valleys of Antarctica, and in desert sections of Australia, New Zealand, and central Asia What is the main idea of the passage? A The destructive effects of salt on rocks B The impressive salt rocks in Death Valley C The amount of salt produced in Death Valley.D The damaging effects of salt on roads and highways The word “it” in the first paragraph refers to _ A Salty water B groundwater table C capillary action D sediment The word “exert” in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to _ A put B reduce C replace D control Why does the author compare tree roots with growing salt crystals? A They both force hard surfaces to crack B They both grow as long as water is available C They both react quickly to a rise in temperature D They both cause salty water to rise from the groundwater table The author mentions the “expansion of halite crystals by heating and of sulfates and similar salts by hydration” in order to A Present an alternative theory about crystal growth B Explain how some rocks are not affected by salt C Simplify the explanation of crystal prying and wedging D Introduce additional means by which crystal destroy rocks Pro S.A.T – Giải pháp toàn diện cho kì thi THPTQG MOON.VN – Học để khẳng định Khóa học PRO S.A.T Tiếng Anh – Cơ Vũ Mai Phương www.facebook.com/covumaiphuong The word “durable” in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to A Large B Strong C Flexible D Pressured The word “shattered” is closest in meaning to _ A arranged B dissolved C broken apart D gathered together The word “dominant” in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to _ A most recent B most common C least available D least damaging According to passage, which of the following is true about the effects of salts on rocks? A Only two types of salts cause prying and wedging B Salts usually cause damage only in combination with ice C A variety of salts in all kinds of environments can cause weathering D Salt damage at the seashore is more severe than salt damage in Death Valley 10 Which of the following can be said from the passage about rocks that are found in areas where ice is common? A They are protected from weathering B They not allow capillary action of water C They show similar kinds of damage as rocks in Death Valley D They contain more carbonates than sulfates Câu Very few people in the modern world obtain their food supply by hunting and gathering in the natural environment surrounding their homes This method of harvesting from nature’s provision is the oldest known subsistence strategy and has been practised for at least the last two million years It was, indeed, the only way to obtain food until rudimentary farming and the domestication of wild animals were introduced about 10,000 years ago Because hunter-gatherers have fared poorly in comparison with their agricultural cousins, their numbers have dwindled, and they have been forced to live in marginal environments, such as deserts and arctic wastelands In higher latitudes, the shorter growing seasons have restricted the availability of plant life Such conditions have caused a greater dependence on hunting, and on fishing along the coasts and waterways The abundance of vegetation in the lower latitudes of the tropics, on the other hand, has provided a greater opportunity for gathering a variety of plants In short, the environmental differences have restricted the diet and have limited possibilities for the development of subsistence societies Contemporary hunter-gatherers may help us understand our prehistoric ancestors We know from the observation of modern hunter-gatherers in both Africa and Alaska that a society based on hunting and gathering must be very mobile While the entire community camps in a central location, a smaller party harvests the food within a reasonable distance from the camp When the food in the area has become exhausted, the community moves on to exploit another site We also notice seasonal migration patterns evolving for most hunter-gatherers, along with a strict division of labor between the sexes These patterns of behavior may be similar to those practised by mankind during the Paleolithic Period 11: The word “domestication” in the first paragraph mostly means A teaching animals to a particular job or activity in the home B hatching and raising new species of wild animals in the home C making wild animals used to living with and working for humans D adapting animals to suit a new working environment 12: According to the passage, subsistence societies depend mainly on A agricultural products B hunter-gatherers’ tools C nature’s provision D farming methods 13: The word “marginal” in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to “ ” A suburban B abandoned C forgotten D disadvantaged 14: In the lower latitudes of the tropics, hunter-gatherers A have better food gathering from nature B can free themselves from hunting C harvest shorter seasonal crops D live along the coasts and waterways for fishing Pro S.A.T – Giải pháp tồn diện cho kì thi THPTQG MOON.VN – Học để khẳng định Khóa học PRO S.A.T Tiếng Anh – Cô Vũ Mai Phương www.facebook.com/covumaiphuong 15: According to the passage, studies of contemporary subsistence societies can provide a _ A broader vision of prehistoric natural environments B deeper insight into the dry-land farming C further understanding of modern subsistence societies D further understanding of prehistoric times 16: The word “conditions” in the second paragraph refers to A the environments where it is not favorable for vegetation to grow B the situations in which hunter-gatherers hardly find anything to eat C the places where plenty of animals and fish can be found D the situations in which hunter-gatherers can grow some crops 17: A typical feature of both modern and prehistoric hunter-gatherers is that A they don’t have a strong sense of community B they live in the forests for all their life C they don’t have a healthy and balanced diet D they often change their living places 18: According to the passage, which of the following is NOT mentioned? A Hunting or fishing develops where there are no or short growing seasons B The environmental differences produce no effect on subsistence societies C Harvesting from the natural environment had existed long before farming was taken up D The number of hunter-gatherers decreases where farming is convenient 19: According to the author, most contemporary and prehistoric hunter-gatherers share A only the way of duty division B some patterns of behavior C some restricted daily rules D some methods of production 20: Which of the following would serve as the best title of the passage? A Hunter-gatherers: Always on the Move B Hunter-gatherers and Subsistence Societies C A Brief History of Subsistence Farming D Evolution of Humans’ Farming Methods Câu Marian Anderson's brilliant singing career began at age six when she sang spirituals at the Union Baptist Church in her hometown of Philadelphia She toured Europe in the 1920s, drawing vastacclaim; however, when she returned to the United States she was still barred from performing on the American operatic stage Strict segregation laws were in force at the time, keeping many Black performers out of exclusively white theaters and concert halls After she was prevented from singing in Washington's segregated Constitution Hall in 1939, Eleanor Roosevelt intervened and arranged for Miss Anderson to perform at the Lincoln Memorial Marian Anderson's beautiful contralto voicebroke down racial barriers, showing white Americans that blacks had a profound contribution to make to America's cultural life Eventually, in 1955, she became the first African-American singer to perform at New York's Metropolitan Opera In her many years of touring she had to endure a racism that forced her to enter concert halls and hotels through service entrances Her grace under this stress showed a moral perseverance that paralleled that of the famous Martin Luther King, Jr 21 We can conclude from the passage that Marian Anderson first toured Europe instead of the United States because A she was paid more in Europe B she was not allowed to perform in the United States C there were better operatic facilities in Europe D it was too expensive to tour in the United States 22 The word “acclaim” could best be replaced by _ A publicity B fund C approval D attention 23 The word “intervened” could best be replaced by _ A appreciated B supported C interrupted D interfered Pro S.A.T – Giải pháp tồn diện cho kì thi THPTQG MOON.VN – Học để khẳng định Khóa học PRO S.A.T Tiếng Anh – Cô Vũ Mai Phương www.facebook.com/covumaiphuong 24 The significance of Anderson’s Lincoln memorial performance was that A Eleanor Roosevelt arranged it B her contralto voice was beautiful C 75,000 people came D she was a black performer 25 The phrase "broke down racial barriers" means A disclosed opportunities B shattered obstacles C revealed inaccuracies D analyzed destinations 26 Where is the best place in the passage to add the following sentence? “A crowd of 75,000 people came to watch her sing before the Memorial.” A after the word “…Memorial” B after the word “…Stage” C after the word “…Opera” D after the word “…entrances” 27 The word “grace” is similar in meaning to _ A awkwardness B cruelty C elegance D saintliness 28 According to the passage, what did Marian Anderson have in common with Martin Luther, Jr.? A Moral perseverance B a clear strong voice C a performance at the Lincoln memorial D singing in church 29 The author’s tone in this passage is _ A instructive B critical C respectful D regretful 30 What does the word “this” refer to? A touring for many years B racist attitudes toward her C performing before thousands of people D being like Martin Luther King, Jr Pro S.A.T – Giải pháp toàn diện cho kì thi THPTQG MOON.VN – Học để khẳng định ... memorial D singing in church 29 The author’s tone in this passage is _ A instructive B critical C respectful D regretful 30 What does the word “this” refer to? A touring for many years B racist... obtain their food supply by hunting and gathering in the natural environment surrounding their homes This method of harvesting from nature’s provision is the oldest known subsistence strategy and has... mobile While the entire community camps in a central location, a smaller party harvests the food within a reasonable distance from the camp When the food in the area has become exhausted, the community