Bốn cấu trúc so…that, such…that, enough…to, too…to là những cấu trúc rất thông dụng trong tiếng Anh nhằm nhấn mạnh tính chất của sự vật, hiện tượng dẫn đến một kết quả được đề cập. I. Cấu trúc so….that…. (quá ... đến nỗi...) 1. Dùng với tính từ S + be+ so + adj + that + S + V Ví dụ: It was so dark that I couldn’t see anything. (Trời quá tối đến nỗi tôi không thể nhìn thấy bất kỳ thứ gì.) Ngoài ra: đối với động từ chỉ tri giác như seem, look, sound, feel,…thì ta cũng áp dụng như công thức với “be”
CẤU TRÚC TOO, ENOUGH, SO …THAT, SUCH… THAT Bốn cấu trúc so…that, such…that, enough…to, too…to cấu trúc thơng dụng tiếng Anh nhằm nhấn mạnh tính chất vật, tượng dẫn đến kết đề cập Trong viết này, Kienthuctienganh xin phép giới thiệu công thức liên quan đến cấu trúc Hi vọng bạn đọc nhận nhiều điều bổ ích I Cấu trúc so….that… (quá ) Dùng với tính từ S + be+ so + adj + that + S + V Ví dụ: It was so dark that I couldn’t see anything (Trời q tối tơi khơng thể nhìn thấy thứ gì.) Ngồi ra: động từ tri giác seem, look, sound, feel,…thì ta áp dụng cơng thức với “be” Ví dụ: I felt so tired that I decided to see a doctor (Tôi cảm thấy mệt định gặp bác sĩ.) Dùng với trạng từ S + V + so + adv + that + S + V Ví dụ: The student had behaved so badly that he was dismissed from the class (Cậu học sinh cư xử vô lễ cậu ta bị đuổi khỏi lớp.) Dùng với danh từ số nhiều đếm S + V+ so many/ few + plural/ countable noun + that + S + V Ví dụ: The Smiths had so many children that they formed their own basketball team (Gia đình nhà Smith có nhiều họ thành lập đội bóng rổ.) Dùng với danh từ không đếm S + V + so much/ little + uncountable noun + that + S + V Ví dụ: He had so much money that he didn’t know what to with it (Anh ta có nhiều tiền anh làm với nó.) Dùng với danh từ đếm số S + V + so + adj + a/ an + singular noun + that + S + V Ví dụ: It was so disappointing a result that we didn’t accept (Đó kết thất vọng chấp nhận được.) II Cấu trúc such…that… (quá ) S + V + such + (a/an) + adj + noun + that + S + V Ví dụ: He is such a popular man that everyone knows him (Anh ta tiếng người biết anh ấy.) Lưu ý: Cấu trúc so…that có ý nghĩa tương tự such…that nên ta đổi câu ví dụ thành: He is so popular that everyone knows him III Cấu trúc too…to (quá khơng thể ) Dùng với tính từ S + be + too + adj + (for O) + to_V Ví dụ: He is too short to play basketball (Anh ta q thấp khơng thể chơi bóng rổ.) Dùng với trạng từ S + V + too + adv + (for O) + to_V Ví dụ: They spoke too quickly for me to understand (Họ nói q nhanh tơi khơng thể hiểu được.) IV Cấu trúc enough to (đủ….để làm gì…) Dùng với tính từ S + be + adj + enough + (for O) + to_V Ví dụ: He isn’t tall enough to play basketball (Anh ta không đủ cao để chơi bóng rổ.) Dùng với trạng từ S + V + adv + enough + (for O) + to_V Ví dụ: They spoke slowly enough for me to understand (Họ nói đủ chậm để tơi hiểu được.) Dùng với danh từ S + V + enough + noun + (for O) + to_V Ví dụ: I have enough time to this exercise (Tôi có đủ thời gian để làm tập này.) V Các lưu ý làm tập dạng cấu trúc S1 + V1 + so + adj + that + S2 + V2 + O2 Nếu S1 vật mà O2 nhắc lại vật dùng với từ “it”: • Trong cấu trúc: So/ such … that, ta giữ lại từ “it” • Trong cấu trúc: Too … to; enough … to ta bỏ từ “it” Ví dụ: The water was so cold that the children couldn’t swim in it → It was such cold water that the children couldn’t swim in it → The water was too cold for the children to swim in → The water is not warm enough for the children to swim in VI Bài tập Exercise 1: Use SO or SUCH, TOO, ENOUGH: The sun shone _ brightly that she had to put on her glasses There were _ few students registered that the class was cancelled We had _ wonderful memories of that place that we decided to return It was a nice day that we decided to go to the beach The book looked _ interesting that we decided to read it Ray called at _ an early hour that we weren’t wake yet There were many people on the bus that we decided to walk The benefit was _ great a success that the promoters decided to repeat it I’ m not rich _to help you 10 This room is _ dark for us to study Exercise 2: Rewrite the following sentences as directed: It was such an expensive house that nobody can buy it → The house was so The food was so good that we ate all of it → It was The patient was too weak to get up → The patient was so This room is too dark for me to study → This room is so This room is too small for us to take the meeting → This room isn’t _ The test was so difficult that we couldn’t it → The test was not The map is so old that I couldn’t read it → The map is too _ He spoke so fast that we couldn’t hear him well → He didn’t Exercise 3: Combine these pairs of sentences using "so…… that": That woman was very tall She could almost touch the ceiling This coat is very big I can't wear it The coffee was so strong She couldn't go to sleep That bag was very heavy None of us could carry it The stadium is very large It can hold 60,000 people Those lessons are very difficult He can't understand them She was very busy She couldn't the housework The climate was very bad All the plants couldn't grow well I'm very tired I couldn't keep my eyes open 10 That boy is very lazy He never does his homework Exercise 4: Combine these pairs of sentences using "too to": The bag was very heavy She couldn't carry it He is very old He can't run She is very young She can't go to school Tom is very short He can't play volleyball It's very late We can't go to the movies The question was very hard We couldn't answer it The TV program is very exciting The children won't miss it You're very young You can't drive that car She was tired She didn't go anywhere 10 These shoes are very small I can't wear them Exercise 5: Combine these pairs of sentences using "such that" : Tom was a tall man He could almost touch the ceiling Mary is a good swimmer She has won two gold medals He drank strong coffee He couldn't go to sleep It was a long walk The children got tired He told interesting stories They all like him The boy made rapid progress It surprised everybody He had a difficult exercise He couldn't it The speaker gave a long talk Most of the audience felt sleepy We watched an exciting competition We didn't want to go home 10 It was an excellent show We all enjoyed it Exercise 6: Rewrite the sentences using "enough" instead of "too to": He is too old to wear this colored shirt She is too weak to carry this box This pen is too expensive for me to buy Bill was too stupid to understand what I had said This bag is too heavy for her to carry The test was too difficult for them to I'm too poor to help you with the money This book is too dull to read The room is too dark for us to study 10 The shelf is too high for her to reach Exercise 2: Rewrite the following sentences as directed: The house was so expensive that nobody can buy It was such good food that we ate all of The patient was so weak that he couldn’t get up This room is so dark that I can’t study This room isn’t large enough for us to take the meeting The test was not easy enough for us to The map is too young for me to read He didn’t speak slowly enough for us to hear well Exercise 3: Combine these pairs of sentences using "so… that": That woman was so tall that she could almost touch the ceiling This coat is so big that I can't wear The coffee was so strong that she couldn't go to sleep That bag was so heavy that none of us could caryfn The stadium is so large that it can hold 60,000 people Those lessons are so difficult that he can't understand She was so busy that she couldn't the housework The climate was so bad that all the plants couldn't grow well I'm so tired that I couldn't keep my eyes open 10 That boy is so lazy that he never does his homework Exercise 4: Combine these pairs of sentences using "too to": The bag was too heavy for her to carry He is too old to run She is too young to go to school Tom is too short to play volleyball It's too late to go to the movies The question was too hard for us to answer The TV program is too exciting for children to miss You're too young to drive that car She was too tired to go anywhere 10 These shoes are too small to wear Exercise 5: Combine these pairs of sentences using "such that": Tom was such a tall man that he could almost touch the ceiling Mary is such a good swimmer that she has won two gold medals He drank such strong coffee that he couldn't go to sleep It was such a long walk that the children got tired He told such interesting stories that they all like him The boy made such rapid progress that it surprised everybody He had such a difficult exercise that he couldn't it The speaker gave such a long talk that most of the audience felt sleepy We watched such an exciting competition that we didn't want to go home 10 It was such an excellent show that we all enjoyed it Exercise 6: Rewrite the sentences using "enough" instead of "too to": He isn’t young enough to wear this colored shirt.2 She isn’t strong enough to carry this box This pen isn’t cheap enough for me to buy Bill wasn’t intelligent enough to understand what I had said This bag isn’t light enough for her to carry.6 The test wasn’t easy enough for them to I’m not rich enough to help you with the money.8 This isn’t interesting enough to read The room isn’t bright enough for us to study 10 The shelf isn’t short enough for her to reach ... làm tập dạng cấu trúc S1 + V1 + so + adj + that + S2 + V2 + O2 Nếu S1 vật mà O2 nhắc lại vật dùng với từ “it”: • Trong cấu trúc: So/ such … that, ta giữ lại từ “it” • Trong cấu trúc: Too … to;... "so that" : That woman was so tall that she could almost touch the ceiling This coat is so big that I can't wear The coffee was so strong that she couldn't go to sleep That bag was so heavy that. .. dụ: He is such a popular man that everyone knows him (Anh ta tiếng người biết anh ấy.) Lưu ý: Cấu trúc so that có ý nghĩa tương tự such that nên ta đổi câu ví dụ thành: He is so popular that everyone