0521810981 cambridge university press knowledge and indifference in english romantic prose mar 2003

This page intentionally left blank      KN O W L E D GE AN D I N D I F F ER E NC E IN EN G LI S H ROMAN T I C PRO SE This ambitious study sheds new light on the way in which the English Romantics dealt with the basic problems of knowledge, particularly as they inherited them from the philosopher David Hume Kant complained that the failure of philosophy in the eighteenth century to answer empirical scepticism had produced a culture of ‘indifferentism’ Tim Milnes explores the way in which Romantic writers extended this epistemic indifference through their resistance to argumentation, and finds that it exists in a perpetual state of tension with a compulsion to know This tension is most clearly evident in the prose writing of the period, in works such as Wordsworth’s Preface to Lyrical Ballads, Hazlitt’s Essay on the Principles of Human Action and Coleridge’s Biographia Literaria Milnes argues that it is in their oscillation between knowledge and indifference that the Romantics prefigure the ambivalent negotiations of modern post-analytic philosophy        is Lecturer in English at the University of Edinburgh He has published articles in the Journal of the History of Ideas, Comparative Literature, Studies in Romanticism and European Romantic Review     General editors Professor Marilyn Butler Professor James Chandler University of Oxford University of Chicago Editorial board John Barrell, University of York Paul Hamilton, University of London Mary Jacobus, University of Cambridge Kenneth Johnston, Indiana University Alan Liu, University of California, Santa Barbara Jerome McGann, University of Virginia David Simpson, University of California, Davis This series aims to foster the best new work in one of the most challenging fields within English literary studies From the early s to the early s a formidable array of talented men and women took to literary composition, not just in poetry, which some of them famously transformed, but in many modes of writing The expansion of publishing created new opportunities for writers, and the political stakes of what they wrote were raised again by what Wordsworth called those ‘great national events’ that were ‘almost daily taking place’: the French Revolution, the Napoleonic and American wars, urbanization, industrialization, religious revival, an expanded empire abroad and the reform movement at home This was an enormous ambition, even when it pretended otherwise The relations between science, philosophy, religion and literature were reworked in texts such as Frankenstein and Biographia Literaria; gender relations in A Vindication of the Rights of Woman and Don Fuan; journalism by Cobbett and Hazlitt; poetic form, content and style by the Lake School and the Cockney School Outside Shakespeare studies, probably no body of writing has produced such a wealth of response or done so much to shape the responses of modern criticism This indeed is the period that saw the emergence of those notions of ‘literature’ and of literary history, especially national literary history, on which modern scholarship in English has been founded The categories produced by Romanticism have also been challenged by recent historicist arguments The task of the series is to engage both with a challenging corpus of Romantic writings and with the changing field of criticism they have helped to shape As with other literary series published by Cambridge, this one will represent the work of both younger and more established scholars, on either side of the Atlantic and elsewhere For a complete list of titles published see end of book K N OWLED GE AND I N DIFFER EN C E IN E N GLIS H RO MANTIC P RO S E TIM MILNES University of Edinburgh    Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, São Paulo Cambridge University Press The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge  , United Kingdom Published in the United States of America by Cambridge University Press, New York www.cambridge.org Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9780521810982 © Tim Milnes 2003 This book is in copyright Subject to statutory exception and to the provision of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press First published in print format 2003 - isbn-13 978-0-511-06436-4 eBook (NetLibrary) - isbn-10 0-511-06436-5 eBook (NetLibrary) - isbn-13 978-0-521-81098-2 hardback - isbn-10 0-521-81098-1 hardback Cambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of s for external or third-party internet websites referred to in this book, and does not guarantee that any content on such websites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate For my parents, Les and Audrey Milnes Contents Acknowledgements page viii Introduction: Romanticism’s knowing ways   From artistic to epistemic creation: the eighteenth century   The charm of logic: Wordsworth’s prose   The dry romance: Hazlitt’s immanent idealism   Coleridge and the new foundationalism   The end of knowledge: Coleridge and theosophy  Conclusion: life without knowledge     Notes Bibliography Index vii Acknowledgements Among the many debts incurred in the course of researching this book, by far the greatest single one is owed to Roy Park, whose invaluable advice and support during my time as a D.Phil student at St Hugh’s College, Oxford, continued even into his retirement My postgraduate work also benefited at various times from the input of Robert Young, Isabel Rivers, Lucy Newlyn and Sir Peter Strawson Susan Bruce got the whole thing started long ago through her encouragement and belief in an uncertain undergraduate, while Paul Hamilton provided valuable counsel on the initial direction of my postdoctoral work Oxford University eased the penurious pains of my final year as a D.Phil student with a grant from its Hardship Fund, while Christ Church University College, Canterbury, generously arranged a year’s leave of absence during my Lectureship in order to complete my dissertation The appearance of the work as it stands, however, would not have been possible without the British Academy Postdoctoral Research Fellowship which I held for three years at University College, Oxford, where I was given further support by Jon Mee and Helen Cooper During this time I also received welcome guidance from John Beer and Elinor Shaffer, as well as Marilyn Butler and James Chandler, series co-editors of Cambridge Studies in Romanticism, and Cambridge University Press’s two anonymous reviewers Every bit as important as professional and institutional backing is that of friends and family My parents, Les and Audrey Milnes, to whom this book is dedicated, have been unflagging in their patience and encouragement over the years For support both intellectual and emotional, I owe a huge debt of gratitude to Sara Lodge, Uttara Natarajan, Lesel Dawson, Jo Wong and Liz Barry Special thanks are also due to Ken Lomax, Michael John Kooy, Murray Satov, Anne Vasey, Dyan Sterling, Andrew Palmer, Liz Brown, Jules Siedenburg, Criana Connal, Jessica Schafer and Alison Sale To this list I cannot resist adding the name of Plecostomus, the friendliest, cleverest and laziest fish in the tank viii  Bibliography Perkins, Mary Anne, Coleridge’s Philosophy, The Logos as Unifying Principle, Oxford: Clarendon Press,  Perry, Seamus, Coleridge and the Uses of Division, Oxford: Clarendon Press,  Pfau, Thomas, Wordsworth’s Profession: Form, Class, and the Logic of Early Romantic Cultural Production, Stanford University Press,  Phillips, Patricia, The Adventurous Muse: Theories of Originality in English Poetics –, Uppsala: Almqvist and Wiksell International,  Phillips Griffiths, A., and MacIntosh J J., ‘Transcendental Arguments’, 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Certainty, trans Denis Paul and G E M Anscombe, eds G E M Anscombe and G H von Wright, Oxford: Basil Blackwell,  Philosophical Investigations, nd edn, trans G E M Anscombe, Oxford: Blackwell,  Wittkower, Rudolf, ‘Genius: Individualism in Art and Artists’, Wiener, Dictionary, vol   , – Wolff, Robert Paul, Kant’s Theory of Mental Activity, Harvard University Press,  Wood, Barry, ‘The Growth of the Soul: Coleridge’s Dialectical Method and the Strategy of Emerson’s Nature,’ PMLA . (), – Wu, Duncan, Wordsworth’s Reading –, Cambridge University Press,  Wordsworth’s Reading – , Cambridge University Press,  Index Abrams, M H., , ,  absolute will, , ,  abstraction,  and Stewart,  in Berkeley, – in Hazlitt, , , , –, , –, –, , ,  See also Hazlitt in Hume,  in Locke,  acceptance / acknowledgement, , , , ,  Addison, Joseph, , ,  Albrecht, W P.,  Alison, Archibald, – anti-Caledonianism, ,  appearance,  in Kant,  argument, , , , , , , , , , , ,  in Wordsworth, , ,  repression of, , , ,  transcendental, , , –, , , , –, , –, , , , , , ,  See also Coleridge; Kant association, –, , , ,  and Coleridge, ,  in Alison,  in Gerard,  in Hazlitt, –,  in Hobbes,  in Hume, , ,  in Locke,  in Tucker,  in Wordsworth, , – autonomy, aesthetic, , , ,  in Coleridge,  in Hazlitt,  Ayer, A J.,  Ayers, Michael,  Bacon, Francis, –, ,  Barrell, John,  Barresi, John,  Bate, Jonathan, ,  Beattie, James, ,  beauty, , , , , , ,  in Coleridge, ,  in Kant,  Bentham, Jeremy, , , ,  Berkeley, George, – Berlin, Isaiah,  Bewell, Alan, ,  Bloom, Harold,  Bollingbroke, Lord See St John Bonjour, Lawrence,  Bourke, Richard,  Bowie, Andrew, , ,  Bromwich, David,  Burke, Edmund, –, , , , ,  Burnett, James,  Campbell, George, ,  Carnap, Rudolf, ,  causation and justification, , ,  in Hume,  Cavell, Stanley, , , , , ,  Chandler, James,  Chisholm, Roderick, ,  Christensen, Jerome,  cogito,  Coleridge, Samuel Taylor, , , , , , , , , , , –, , ,  Aids to Reflection, , , , , – and desynonymy,  and dialectic, , –, – and faith,  and rationalism, – and transcendental argument, –, –  Index and voluntarism, , – Biographia Literaria, , , , , –, ,  ‘Essays on the Principles of Genial Criticism’, – Lectures on Literature,  Lectures on Philosophy, , , , – Logic, , , , , – ‘On Poesy or Art’,  Statesman’s Manual, ,  Table Talk,  The Friend (), , –, ,  commodification, ,  commonsensism, , ,  in Hazlitt, , –, , , , ,  in Hume,  in Reid, –, ,  in Shaftesbury, ,  confrontation vs conversation, , , , ,  contingency, , , , , ,  Cooke, Michael, ,  Cooper, Anthony Ashley, , , , , ,  copyright law,  corpuscularianism, ,  creation / creativity, –, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,  and Stewart,  in Burke, ,  in Coleridge, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,  in Hazlitt, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,  in Kant, , , ,  in Quine,  in Reid,  in Wittgenstein,  in Wordsworth, , , , –, , , , , , , , , ,  Romantic vs eighteenth-century theories of, , ,  D’Israeli, Isaac,  Davenant, William,  Davidson, Donald, , , , , ,  De Paolo, Charles,  De Quincey, Thomas, , ,  deconstruction, , , ,  Dennis, John, , , ,  Derrida, Jacques,   Descartes, Ren´e,  Dewey, John,  dialectic, , , ,  and hermeneutics,  in Coleridge, , , , , , , , , , , ,  in Fichte, , ,  in Hegel,  in Levinson,  in Wordsworth, , , , , , , ,  Dicker, Georges,  disinterestedness,  in Coleridge,  in Hazlitt, , , ,  in Kant,  doubleness, Romantic, , ,  Dryden, John, ,  Duff, William, – Eagleton, Terry,  egoism, ,  Elridge, Richard, , , , , , ,  empiricism, , , , , , , –, , , , , , , , , ,  and association See association and Coleridge, , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,  and commonsensism See commonsensism and inner sense See sense, inner and logical positivism, , ,  and representative realism, , , , , ,  in Burke, ,  in Hazlitt, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,  in Hazlitt and Wordsworth, – in Wordsworth, , , , , , , , , , , ,  Engell, James, ,  epistemology, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,  death of,  in Coleridge, , ,  in Hazlitt, , , , ,  in Spinoza,  in Wordsworth, ,  faith,  in Bacon,  in Coleridge, , , , , , , , , ,   Index faith (cont.) in Jacobi, , , , , ,  in Kant,  in Wordsworth, ,  Ferguson, Adam, ,  Ferguson, Francis,  Fichte, J G., , , , , ,  figuration, , –, , , , , , , , ,  in Hazlitt,  Fischer, Michael,  Fogelin, Robert,  formalism,  foundationalism, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,  and coherentism, , , , , ,  and Dewey,  in Coleridge, , , , , , , ,  in Hazlitt, , , , , , , , ,  in Kant, ,  in Reid,  in Wordsworth, , , , , ,  justificatory and epistemic, – Kantian See Kant Frege, Gottlob, ,  Fulford, Tim,  genius, , , , , , , , , –, , , ,  and imitation, – and innatism, – and invention, – and originality,  in Addison,  in Coleridge, , ,  in Hazlitt, –,  in Kant, , , ,  in Reid,  in Wordsworth, , , , , , ,  Scottish, – Gerard, Alexander, , , , –, , ,  and Kant,  Grayling, A C.,  Guyer, Paul, , , ,  habit, , ,  in Hazlitt, ,  in Wordsworth,  Hamilton, Paul,  Hartley, David, –, , , ,  Hartman, Geoffrey, , ,  Hazlitt, William, , , , , , , , , on Madame de Staăel, ,  ‘Mind and Motive’, ,  ‘On Abstract Ideas’,  ‘On Genius and Common Sense’, , , , ,  on Locke’s Essay,  ‘On Novelty and Familiarity’,  ‘On Poetry in General’, ,  ‘On Reason and the Imagination’, ,  ‘On the Pleasure of Painting’,  ‘On the Prose Style of Poets’, ,  ‘On the Question whether Pope was a Poet’,  ‘Originality’, ,  ‘Paragraphs on Prejudice’,  ‘Prejudice’, ,  ‘Remarks on the Systems of Hartley and Helvetius’, , – on Shelley’s Posthumous Poems,  ‘The Indian Jugglers’,  ‘The Spirit of Philosophy’,  and abstraction, , – and association, – and commonsensism, , – and faculty psychology, – and immanent idealism, , , , ,  and innatism, – and intuition, – and Kant, – and power, –, – and practical reason, – and prejudice, – and transcendental argument, –,  Essay, , , –, ,  Grammar, – Lectures on English Philosophy,  on art and originality, – on painting, –,  Preface, Light of Nature Pursued, , ,  Prospectus, , , , , ,  Hegel, G W F., , , , , , , , , , , , , ,  Heidegger, Martin,  Hipple, Walter, Jr.,  Hobbes, Thomas, –, ,  Hodgson, John,  Home, Henry,  Index Hume, David, , , , , , , –, , –, , , , , , , , , , , , , ,  Enquiries, ,  Treatise, –, , ,  Humean / inhuman, , , ,  Hume’s Fork, , , , ,  and fact / value division, , , , , , , , –, , , , –, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,  and meaning,  Hutcheson, Francis, –, ,  idealism absolute, ,  See also Coleridge immanent See Hazlitt transcendental, , , , , , , ,  imagination, , , , , , , , , ,  and Johnson,  and Stewart,  in Alison,  in Burke,  in Coleridge, , , ,  in Duff,  in Gerard, , ,  in Hazlitt, , , –, ,  in Hobbes,  in Hume, , , ,  in Kant,  in Lamb,  in Reid, ,  in Tucker,  in Warton,  in Wordsworth, –, , ,  imitation, , , , ,  in Burke,  in Kant,  indifference, –, , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,  and knowledge, , , , , , , , , , , , , ,  and life, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,  and unknowing, , –, , , ,  in Coleridge, –, , , , ,  in Hazlitt, , , , ,  in Schelling,  in Wordsworth, , , , , ,   innatism, , ,  and Hazlitt, – inspiration, –, ,  in Bacon, – in Puttenham, –,  in Shaftesbury, – in Sidney, – in Wordsworth,  intuition, , , , , ,  in Coleridge,  in Hazlitt,  in Kant,  in Shaftesbury,  intellectual, , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,  invention, , , ,  in Wordsworth,  irony, , , , , , in Coleridge,  in Hume,  Jacobi, Friedrich Heinrich, , , , , , , , , , , ,  James, William, , , ,  Jeffrey, Francis,  Johnson, Samuel,  Johnston, Kenneth,  judgement aesthetic, , ,  reflective, ,  Kallich, Martin,  Kames, Lord See Home Kant, Immanuel, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , – and synthesis a priori, – and transcendental argument, –, – and transcendental idealism, – Critique of Judgement, –, – Critique of Pure Reason, –, ,  ‘Inaugural Dissertation’,  Prolegomena,  Katz, Jerrold,  Keats, John, , ,  Kinnaird, John,  Kipperman, Mark,  knowledge by acquaintance / by description,  Kuhn, Thomas, ,   Index Lamb, Charles, , , , , , , ,  Leask, Nigel,  Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm, , , , , –, ,  Levinson, Marjorie, ,  Locke, John, , , –, , , , , , , ,  Lockridge, Laurence,  logic, global, , –, ,  in Schelling,  Lovejoy, A O.,  Lui, Alan,  Lyotard, Jean-Fran¸cois,  MacKinnon, D M.,  Mahoney, John,  Marin, Raymond,  materialism, ,  and Hazlitt, ,  in Hartley, ,  McFarland, Thomas, , ,  McGann, Jerome,  McKusick, James,  McNiece, Gerald, ,  Mill, John Stuart, , ,  Monboddo, Lord See Burnett, James More, Henry,  Mounce, H O.,  Muirhead, John, ,  Mulvihill, James,  Natarajan, Uttara, , , ,  naturalism, , , , , , , , , , , ,  in Hazlitt,  in Hume, ,  in Quine,  in Reid, , , ,  in Wordsworth,  Naturphilosophie,  Neoclassicism, , , , ,  New Scepticism,  Nietzsche, Friedrich, , ,  noumena / phenomena, , , , , , , , , , , , ,  organicism, ,  in Coleridge, , , , , , , ,  in Gerard,  in Wordsworth, ,  originality,  in Hazlitt, , – in Kant,  Orsini, Gian,  Ouroborous,  Park, Roy, , ,  Paulin, Tom, , ,  Peacock, Thomas Love,  Perkins, Mary Anne, ,  Perry, Seamus, ,  Pfau, Thomas, , , , ,  phenomenology, , , ,  philosophy, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,  absolute,  and religion, ,  and theosophy, – and Wordsworth,  Anglophone, , , , –, –, –,  epistemology,  in Wordsworth,  moral, , , , ,  para-, , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,  Plato, , , , ,  Platonism, , , , , , , , , ,  pleasure,  Plotinus,  power, , , , ,  in Burke,  in De Quincey, ,  in Hazlitt, , , , , , , , , , , , –, , , , , –,  in Hume,  in Reid, ,  in Wordsworth, , –,  Pradhan, S V.,  pragmatism, ,  prejudice in Burke, ,  in Hazlitt, , –,  projectivism,  in Hazlitt,  propaedeutic, epistemology as, , ,  prose and poetry, , , , , , , , , , , ,  psychology, , , , , , ,  in Hazlitt, – in Kant,  in Quine,  public / people, , –, , , , , , ,  Puttenham, George, – Index Quine, W V., , , –, , , ,  Rajan, Tilottama, , ,  rationalism, , , ,  in Coleridge, –,  in Kant,  reason, practical, , , , ,  in Coleridge, –, – in Hazlitt, , –, ,  in Hume,  in Kant, , –,  reflexivity, , ,  Reid, Nicholas,  Reid, Thomas, , –, , , ,  religion, , , , , , , , , , , ,  in Coleridge,  Reynolds, Joshua,  Robertson, Abram,  Rorty, Richard, , , , , , , ,  Rousseau, Jean-Jacques,  Russell, Bertrand,  Rymer, Thomas, ,  salto mortale, , ,  See also Jacobi scepticism, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,  and transcendental argument,  and Wordsworth,  Schelling, F W J von, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , –, , , , , , , ,  Schiller, J C F.,  Schlegel, Friedrich, , ,  Schneider, Elizabeth,  Schopenhauer, Arthur, , , ,  secondary qualities, ,  Sellars, Wilfrid, ,  sense, inner, –,  serpent, figure of, , , ,  Shaffer, Elinor,  Shaftesbury, Third Earl of See Cooper Sharpe, William, –,  Shelley, Percy Bysshe, , , ,  Sidney, Philip, –, , , ,  Skolimowski, Henry,  Smith, Adam, ,  Smith, Norman Kemp,  Sosa, Ernest, ,  Spinoza, Benedictus de, , , , , ,   spontaneity, , , , ,  in Coleridge, , ,  in Hazlitt,  in Wordsworth, , –,  St John, Henry,  Stephen, Leslie,  Stewart, Dugald, , –,  subject / object, , , , , , , , , , ,  subjectivity,  in Wordsworth, , ,  sublime, , –, ,  in Alison, ,  in Burke, – in Dennis, – in Wordsworth, , ,  synthesis a priori, , , , , , , , , , , ,  and Anglophone philosophy, – in Coleridge, ,  in Kant, – teleology, , , , ,  and Wordsworth,  Temple, William,  Tooke, John Horne, ,  truth, poetic,  in Shaftesbury,  in Wordsworth, , , , , , , , , , , , ,  Tucker, Abraham, , , ,  Two Dissertations (),  utilitarianism, , , , , , , , ,  Vallins, David,  voluntarism in Coleridge, , , , , –, , ,  Warton, Joseph,  Wellek, Ren´e,  Wheeler, Kathleen, , , , , , ,  Williams, Bernard,  Williams, Michael,  Willich, A F M., , ,  wisdom, , , , ,  in Coleridge, , –,  Wittgenstein, Ludwig, , , , , , , , ,  Wolff, Christian,  Wolff, Robert,  Wood, Robert,   Index Wordsworth, William, , , , , , –, , , , , , , , , , , ,  ‘Essay on Morals’,  ‘Essay’ (), ,  ‘The Sublime and the Beautiful’, – and association, – and imagination, – and pleasure, – and power, – and spontaneity, , – Preface (), –, – Preface to Lyrical Ballads, , , –, –, , –,  ‘Reply to “Mathetes” ’,  The Prelude (), ,  Young, Edward, , , , , ,            , University of Oxford     , University of Chicago  Romantic Correspondence: Women, Politics and the Fiction of Letters         British Romantic Writers and the East: Anxieties of Empire        Edmund Burke’s Aesthetic Ideology: Language, Gender and Political Economy in Revolution          Poetry as an Occupation and an Art in Britain, –    In the Theatre of Romanticism: Coleridge, Nationalism, Women           Keats, Narrative and Audience            Romance and Revolution: Shelley and the Politics of a Genre        Literature, Education, and Romanticism Reading as Social Practice, –              Women Writing about Money: Women’s Fiction in England, –    Shelley and the Revolution in Taste: The Body and the Natural World          William Cobbett: The Politics of Style            The Rise of Supernatural Fiction, –      Women Travel Writers and the Language of Aesthetics, –           Napoleon and English Romanticism             Romantic Vagrancy: Wordsworth and the Simulation of Freedom           Wordsworth and the Geologists        Wordsworth’s Pope: A Study in Literary Historiography           The Politics of Sensibility: Race, Gender and Commerce in the Sentimental Novel          Reading Daughters’ Fictions, –: Novels and Society from Manley to Edgeworth           Romantic Identities: Varieties of Subjectivity, –               Print Politics: The Press and Radical Opposition in Early Nineteenth-Century England          Reinventing Allegory          British Satire and the Politics of Style, –       The Romantic Reformation: Religious Politics in English Literature, –        De Quincey’s Romanticism: Canonical Minority and the Forms of Transmission             Coleridge on Dreaming: Romanticism, Dreams and the Medical Imagination          Romantic Imperialism: Universal Empire and the Culture of Modernity            Ideology and Utopia in the Poetry of William Blake             Sexual Politics and the Romantic Author            Lyric and Labour in the Romantic Tradition           Poetry and Politics in the Cockney School: Keats, Shelley, Hunt and their Circle        Rousseau, Robespierre and English Romanticism         Contesting the Gothic: Fiction, Genre and Cultural Conflict, –       Romanticism, Aesthetics, and Nationalism           Romantic Poets and the Culture of Posterity            The Crisis of Literature in the s: Print Culture and the Public Sphere      Romantic Atheism: Poetry and Freethought, –            Romanticism and Slave Narratives: Transatlantic Testimonies          Imagination Under Pressure, –: Aesthetics, Politics, and Utility         Romanticism and the Gothic: Genre, Reception, and Canon Formation, –           Romanticism and the Human Sciences: Poetry, Population, and the Discourse of the Species           The Poetics of Spice: Romantic Consumerism and the Exotic           British Fiction and the Production of Social Order, –           Women Writers and the English Nation in the s          Literary Magazines and British Romanticism         Women, Nationalism and the Romantic Stage: Theatre and Politics in Britain, –          British Romanticism and the Science of the Mind              The Anti-Jacobin Novel: British Conservatism and the French Revolution         Romantic Austen: Sexual Politics and the Literary Canon         Byron and Romanticism                        The Romantic National Tale and the Question of Ireland        Byron, Poetics and History         Religion, Toleration, and British Writing, –           Fatal Women of Romanticism            Knowledge and Indifference in English Romantic Prose      ... dramatically in their self-revising, selfquestioning swerves in and out of doctrine and commitment – an effort  Knowledge and Indifference in English Romantic Prose to live with expressive freedom...  Knowledge and Indifference in English Romantic Prose however, was with articulating and justifying the notion of ‘a knowing not-knowing’; or rather, with his inability to resist articulating... consonance and difference between Romantic and modern paradigms of  Knowledge and Indifference in English Romantic Prose knowledge without that project necessarily being overtaken by an overriding