CHAPTER 12: The Integumentary System PATHOLOGY OF THE INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM The Sebaceous Glands [tuyến bã] * Acne vulgaris [mụn trứng cá thông thường] (ACKnee vul-GAY-ris), commonly known as acne [mụn trứng cá], is a chronic [mạn tính] inflammatory [viêm] disease [bệnh] characterized by pustular [adj- mủ] eruptions of the skin caused by an overproduction of sebum [chất bã] around the hair shaft [thân lông] Although often triggered by hormones in puberty [tuổi dậy thì] and adolescence [thanh thiếu niên], it also occurs in adults [người lớn] Vulgaris is a Latin term meaning common * A comedo [nhân trứng cá] (KOM-eh-doh) is a noninfected lesion [thương tổn không nhiễm trùng] formed by the buildup of sebum [chất bã] and keratin in a hair follicle [nang lông] (plural, comedones) often associated with acne vulgaris A comedo with an obstructed opening is called a whitehead (a closed comedo) A sebum plug [nút bã] that is exposed to air CHAPTER 12: The Integumentary System often oxidizes and becomes a blackhead (an open comedo) * A sebaceous cyst [nang bã] (seh-BAY-shus SIST) is a closed sac associated with a sebaceous gland [tuyến bã] that is found just under the skin These cysts contain yellow, fatty material and are usually found on the face [mặt], neck [cổ], or trunk [thân] * Seborrhea [sự tiết bã nhờn] (seb-oh-REE-ah) is overactivity of the sebaceous glands [tuyến bã] that results in the production of an excessive amount of sebum [chất bã] (seb/o means sebum, and -rrhea means flow or discharge) * Seborrheic dermatitis [viêm da dầu (viêm da tiết bã)] (seb-oh-REE-ick der-mahTYE-tis) is an inflammation sometimes resulting from seborrhea that causes scaling [vẩy] and itching [ngứa] of the upper layers of the skin or scalp [da đầu] Extensive dandruff [gàu (bám da đầu)] is a form of seborrheic dermatitis, as is the scalp rash in infants known as cradle cap In CHAPTER 12: The Integumentary System contrast, mild dandruff is usually caused by a yeast-like fungus [nấm giống nấm men] on the scalp [da đầu] * A seborrheic keratosis [dày sừng tiết bã] (seb-ohREE-ick kerr-ahTOH-sis) is a benign [lành tính] skin growth that has a waxy or “pasted-on” loosk These growths, which can vary in color from light tan to black, occur most commonly in the elderly ... of the upper layers of the skin or scalp [da đầu] Extensive dandruff [gàu (bám da đầu)] is a form of seborrheic dermatitis, as is the scalp rash in infants known as cradle cap In CHAPTER 12 : The. . .CHAPTER 12 : The Integumentary System often oxidizes and becomes a blackhead (an open comedo) * A sebaceous cyst [nang bã] (seh-BAY-shus SIST) is a closed sac associated with a sebaceous. .. under the skin These cysts contain yellow, fatty material and are usually found on the face [mặt], neck [cổ], or trunk [thân] * Seborrhea [sự tiết bã nhờn] (seb-oh-REE-ah) is overactivity of the sebaceous