REDUCING RELATIVE CLAUSE

REDUCED RELATIVE CLAUSES - Dùng Present participles (V-ing) để thay MĐQH mang nghĩa chủ động (active): Relative pronoun + active V → V-ing Eg: The girl who is playing with the dog is Lan’s sister → The girl playing with the dog is Lan’s sister - Dùng Pass participles (V3/ED) để thay cho MĐQH mang nghĩa bị động (passive): Relative pronoun+be+V3/ED → V3/ED Eg: The students who was punished by the teacher are lazy → The students punished by the teacher are lazy - Dùng to- infinitive (TO-V1) để thay cho MĐQH mà trước số thứ tự (the first, second… the seventh…), sau next, last, only sau tính từ so sánh hơn, The first/ second…+N+ relative pronoun (đại từ quan hệ) +V → The first/ second…+N+ to V1/ to be V(bị động) Rewrite the sentences by reducing the relative pronouns 1.The man who is standing there is a clown ……………………………………………………… ……………………………………… The envelop which lies on the table has no stamp on it ……………………………………………………… ……………………………………… Benzene, which was discovered by Faraday, became the starting point in the manufacture of many dyes, perfumes and explosives ……………………………………………………… ……………………………………… My grandmother, who is old and sick, never goes out of the house ……………………………………………………… ……………………………………… The student don’t know how to exercise which were given by the teacher yesterday ……………………………………………………… ……………………………………… The diagrams which were made by young Faraday were sent to Sir Humphry Davy at the end of 1812 ……………………………………………………… ……………………………………… The gentleman who lives next door to me is a well-known orator ……………………………………………………… ……………………………………… All the astronauts who are orbiting the earth in space capsules are weightless ……………………………………………………… ……………………………………… All students don't hand in their papers will fail in the exam ……………………………………………………… ……………………………………… 10 I saw many houses that were destroyed by the storm ……………………………………………………… ……………………………………… 11 The street which leads to the school is very wide ……………………………………………………… ……………………………………… 12 The system which is used here is very successful ……………………………………………………… ……………………………………… 13 John, who teaches my son, is my neighbor ……………………………………………………… ……………………………………… 14 Trains which leave from this station take an hour to get to London ……………………………………………………… ……………………………………… 15 The candidates who are sitting for the exam are all from Vietnam ……………………………………………………… ……………………………………… 16 We are driving on the road which was built in 1980 ……………………………………………………… ……………………………………… 17 Customers who complain about the service should see the manager ……………………………………………………… ……………………………………… 18 The city which was destroyed during the war has now been rebuilt ……………………………………………………… ……………………………………… 19 My brother, who met you yesterday, works for a big firm ……………………………………………………… ……………………………………… 20 The vegetable which are sold in this shop are grown without chemicals ……………………………………………………… ……………………………………… 21.Neil Armstrong was the first man who walked on the moon ……………………………………………………… ……………………………………… 22.I come from a city that is located in the southern part of the country ……………………………………………………… ……………………………………… 23.The children who attend that school receive a good education ……………………………………………………… ……………………………………… 24.The scientists who are researching the causes of cancer are making progress ……………………………………………………… ……………………………………… 25.They live in a house that was built in ……………………………………………………… ……………………………………… 26.We have an apartment which overlooks the park ……………………………………………………… ……………………………………… 27.Yuri Gagarin became the first man who flied into space ……………………………………………………… ……………………………………… 28.We stood on the bridge which connects the two halves of the building ……………………………………………………… ……………………………………… 29.I come from a city which is located in the southern part of the country ……………………………………………………… ……………………………………… 30.The vegetables which are sold in this supermarket are grown without chemicals ……………………………………………………… ……………………………………… 31.Do you know the woman who is coming toward us? ……………………………………………………… ……………………………………… 32.The people who was waiting for the bus in the rain are getting wet ……………………………………………………… ……………………………………… 33.I come from a city that is located in the southern part of the country ……………………………………………………… ……………………………………… 34.They live in a house that was built in ……………………………………………………… ……………………………………… 35.He was the first man who left the burning building ……………………………………………………… ……………………………………… 36.The couple who live in the house next door are both college professors ……………………………………………………… ……………………………………… 37.The people who are waiting for the bus in the rain are getting wet ……………………………………………………… ……………………………………… 38.The students who did not come to the class yesterday explain their absence to the teacher ……………………………………………………… ……………………………………… 39.Did you get the message which concerned the special meeting? ……………………………………………………… ……………………………………… 40.Lan is the second student who entered the classroom this morning ……………………………………………………… ……………………………………… 41.The psychologists who study the nature of sleep have made important discoveries ……………………………………………………… ……………………………………… 42.He was the only man who reached the top ……………………………………………………… ……………………………………… 43.He is always the first who comes and the last who goes ……………………………………………………… ……………………………………… 44.People who listen to very loud music may suffer gradual hearing loss ……………………………………………………… ……………………………………… 45.He was the second man who was saved in the fire ……………………………………………………… ……………………………………… 46.I haven’t got anything that I could open a bottle of wine with ……………………………………………………… ……………………………………… 47.The Queen Elizabeth is the largest ship which has been built on the island ……………………………………………………… ……………………………………… 48.The fifth man who was interviewed was completely unsuitable ……………………………………………………… ……………………………………… 49.This is the third who is late for the meeting today ……………………………………………………… ……………………………………… 50.Am I the next person who joins the interview? 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