Collision avoidance radar operated LC substrate based MSP antenna in vehicular systems

This paper deals with the collision avoidance radar based antenna performance characteristics. This antenna can be placed inside the vehicle and it receives the signals from the base station and warns the driver accordingly. If any accident occurs to that vehicle, then that information is also passes to substation for help. The proposed antenna is designed on liquid crystal substrate and all its output parameters are simulated and presented in this work.

ISSN:2249-5789 B T P Madhav et al, International Journal of Computer Science & Communication Networks,Vol 1(2), 207-211 Collision Avoidance Radar Operated LC Substrate based MSP Antenna in Vehicular Systems P Syam Sundar, 1K.Balaji, 1*B.T.P.Madhav, 1VGKM Pisipati, 1Habibulla Khan, 2K Vijaya prasad Department of ECE, K L University, Guntur DT, AP, India Head of the ECE Department, DJR IET, Gudavalli, AP, India Email: madhav.mtech@gmail.com Abstract: Road safety and precautionary measurement based instruments became part and parcel of the modern vehicular systems Collision avoidance helps to prevent the vehicles from accidents and from unnecessary collision while the driving When vehicle is moving with high speed and if any obstacle suddenly appears, it is very difficult to control the vehicle If we design a system with the support of base station then we can warn the driver about the accident occurred nearer to his way and about traffic jams etc This paper deals with the collision avoidance radar based antenna performance characteristics This antenna can be placed inside the vehicle and it receives the signals from the base station and warns the driver accordingly If any accident occurs to that vehicle, then that information is also passes to substation for help The proposed antenna is designed on liquid crystal substrate and all its output parameters are simulated and presented in this work Keywords: Collision Avoidance, LC Substrate, MSP Antenna Introduction: Collision Avoidance System is a technology which helps in avoiding vehicle collisions Various factors to be taken in to consideration are Velocity of the vehicle, direction of travel, acceleration of the vehicle, steering angle and Yaw – rate The system identifies a potential collision and gives warning signal to the driver of the automobile This system is a real – time system in which the radar to sends a sonar signal It identifies any kind of obstacles in the track of the vehicle Sensors are placed in the vehicle to identify or sense the speed of the vehicles on either side Antennas are used on the vehicle to send and receive the signals [1-3] The Collision Avoidance System identifies a threat of collision well in advance depending on the distance The distance may be user defined during the process of design A warning signal is issued to caution the driver to avoid the collision If the situation goes out of control of the driver, another system can be enforced to take the control over the vehicle to avoid collision or mitigate the collision as a final option which can be called an over – ride system In case of warning, the radar senses the obstacle in the track followed by the vehicle and estimates the distance Depending on the distance it warns the driver [4] This warning can be issued by a warning system which alerts the driver like alarm or an LED After issue of the warning signal, the Collision Avoidance depends on the response time or the reaction time of the driver and the time taken for the vehicle to decelerate or brake Oct-Nov 2011 The reaction time of the driver depends on various factors like the condition of the driver, reflexes of the driver, his attitude and behavior, his habits, his work stress of the day and his moods The braking time depends on the condition of the vehicle, brake efficiency, the traction of tyres and the kinematics of both the vehicles under collision [5-6] Sensors are placed in the vehicle to identify or sense the speed of the vehicles on either side The sensors may be color video cameras and the ERIM 3D laser range finder The major disadvantage of these systems is these are generally not very well suited for a quick reaction to unexpected obstacles Especially in the case of collision avoidance, a sensor is needed that can supply the relevant information fast with little data processing overhead and interact with actuators at the level of the vehicle controller Sensors that satisfy these requirements are for example sonars, infrared sensors, pulsed 1-D laser range finders or microwave radar Compared to light based sensors Sonars have the advantage that they not get confused by transparent or black surfaces On the other hand, the wavelength of ultrasound is much larger than the wavelength of lights Therefore, unless the transducer faces the reflector surface in a normal direction, only rough surfaces or edges can reflect sound waves Outdoor surfaces almost always have a type of surface roughness that enables sonar to detect the object It was therefore decided to use sonar sensors for the collision avoidance system of the vehicle [7-8] The position of the vehicle is estimated relative to some initial point The distance travelled is provided 207 ISSN:2249-5789 B T P Madhav et al, International Journal of Computer Science & Communication Networks,Vol 1(2), 207-211 Results and Discussion: Ansoft NameCorporation X 0.00 m1 23.8191 Return Loss Y Patch_Antenna_ADKv1 -34.7835 Curve Info dB(St(1,1)) Setup1 : Sw eep1 -5.00 -10.00 dB(St(1,1)) by an optical encoder on the drive shaft and vehicle orientation in 3-D space is provided by the gyroscope of an inertial navigation system The measurements are combined to give the x-y position and orientation of the vehicle with respect to the world coordinates -15.00 -20.00 -25.00 -30.00 m1 -35.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00 Freq [GHz] 30.00 35.00 40.00 Figure (3) Return loss Vs Frequency Figure (1) Collision avoidance communication system Return Loss is a parameter which indicates the amount of power that is “lost” to the load and does not return as a reflection Figure (3) shows the return loss curve of the proposed antenna A return loss of 34.78dB is obtained at the desired frequency and it is acceptable return loss of