Collision Avoidance Rules A N Cockcroft and J N F pot

ELSEVIER BUITERWORTH HEINEMANN A GUIDE TO THE Collision Avoidance Rules A N Cockcroft and J N F Lameijer EDITION INCORPORATES THE 1993 AND 2001 AMENDMENTS A GUIDE TO THE COLLISION AVOIDANCE RULES A GUIDE TO THE COLLISION AVO ID A N C E RULES International Regulations for Preventing C o l l i s i o n s at S e a Sixth edition Incorporating the 1981, 1987, 1989, 1993 and 2001 Amendments A N COCKCROFT J N F LAMEIJER Amsterdam Boston Heidelberg Paris San Diego San Francisco ELSMER RUITEKWOKTH IIPINEMI\NN London New Vork Singapore Sydney Oxford Tokyo Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann Linacre House, Jordan Hill, Oxford OX2 8DP 200 Wheeler Road, Burlington MA 01803 First published by Stanford Maritime Ltd 1965 Second edition 1976 Reprinted 1978 Third edition 1982 Reprinted 1984, 1985, 1987 Fourth edition 1990 Reprinted 1990, 1991 Revised and reprinted 1993 Fifth edition 1996 Reprinted 1997, 1998, 1999 (twice), 2000,2001 Sixth edition 2004 Copyright 1965, 1976, 1982, 1990, 19% 2004 A N Cockcroft and J N F Lameijer All rights reserved The right of A N Cockcroft and J N E Lameijer to be identified as the authors of this work has been asserted in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced in any material form (including photocopying or storing in any medium by electronic means and whether or not transiently or incidentally to some other use of this publication) without the written permission of the copyright holder except in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or under the terms of a licence issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency Ltd, 90 Tottenham Coun Road, London, England WIP 4LF! Applications for the copyright holder’s written permission to reproduce any part of this publication should be addressed to the publisher British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 7506 6179 For information on all Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann publications visit our website at www.bh.com Composition by Scribe Design, Gillingharn, Kent Printed and bound in Great Britain by MPG Books Ltd, Bodmin, Cornwall The authors and publishers, whilst exercising the greatest care in compiling this book, not bold themselves responsible for the consequences arising from any inaccuracies therein CONTENTS Foreword Preface Collisions and the Courts History of the Collision Regulations vii ix xi xiv INTERNATIONAL REGULATIONS FOR PREVENTING COLLISIONS AT SEA WITH COMMENTS P r A GENERAL at Rules 1-3 P r B STEERING SAILING at AND RULES Section I Section II Section I11 Part c LIGHTS AND SHAPES P r D SOUND AND LIGHT at SIGNALS P r E EXEMPTIONS at Rules 4-10 Rules 11-18 Rule 19 Rules 2&31 Rules 32-37 ANNEXES TO THE RULES Annex I Details of lights and shapes Annex 11 Additional signals for fishing vessels Annex 1 Details of sound signal appliances Annex IV Distress signals International Convention Regulation IVI on Standards of Training, Navigational Certification and Watchkeeping, Watchkeeping for Seafarers, 1978 IMO Recommendations on Navigational Watchkeeping International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers, 1978, as amended Table for Use in Assessing Risk of Collision Mancmvres to Avoid Collision (including Manceuvring Diagram) Manceuvring Information 17 85 124 141 168 183 185 187 195 197 200 202 206 213 228 229 233 237 243 Ships Referred to in the Text Index Selected Examples of Ships ’Lights: Colour plates facing pages 174-175 FOREWORD I have had the pleasure and privilege of seeing this book during its preparation and have known the authors for many years, more particularly during all the years of preparation both nationally and internationally which preceded the 1972 Conference Both of them devoted themselves wholeheartedly to the work of revision of the 1960 Regulations and are therefore well qualified to produce a work of comment and advice for those who on a day in the future will be required to put on one side the Regulations with which they have worked and become familiar during many years of practising their profession and to follow this new set of Regulations The unanimous desire of those who took part in the Conference was to rectify things in the 1960 Regulations which they themselves saw or which they had been advised by their own mariners as defects They also hoped by a complete change in presentation to make the new Regulations easier to assimilate and understand by the user Inevitably this has led to the Regulations being very much different both in format and in some important cases in content This book appeals to me as a very comprehensive effort to highlight the changes and I therefore recommend it for careful study by both practising mariners and those who aspire to become shipmasters or navigating officers The book also contains much advice on how the Regulations are to be interpreted and collisions avoided The message which emerges to me is that there is a great need for study and careful consideration by mariners of the new Regulations before being presented with a situation of danger in reality After such forethought and preparation the mariner will be in a position to interpret the Regulations himself in his own particular circumstances for it is he who in the ultimate may have to defend his conduct in a court If this book can produce this attitude of forethought and consideration - and I think it can so - I believe the authors will have achieved their purpose A C MANSON vii Sailing vessels: approaching a power-driven vessel, I I6 approaching another, 86-90 in fog, 178-9 lights, 153-5 under sail and power, 155 Screens, 98 4 , 190 Seaplane: definition, 9, I lights and shapes, 167 responsibilities 122-3 Searchlights, 158-9, I8 Separation zones, 69, 72, 79-80 Shallow water effects, 7, 30, Shapes, 141, 142 190 Signals: distress, 182, 200-1 to attract attention, 158-9, 18 I to indicate action taken, 170-5 Small vessels: in fog, , 170 in narrow channels, I , 64 in traffic lanes, 69, 82 lights, 147-9, 153-5 Sound signals: in fog, to attract attention, 158-9, 18 I to indicate action, 170-5 Speed: in restricted visibility, 124-8 reductions of, 54-8, 109-12, 134, 229-32 safe, 24-35, 122, 124-30 Steerage way, 27, 29, 135 Steering gear failure, , 40 Stopping distance, 29, 55-8, 233 Submarines, 5, 145, 148 Towing vessel and tow: action on sighting, 10I difficult tow, 13, 162 fog signals, 176, 179 lights and shapes, 149-53 Traffic separation, 4-5, 34, 68-84, 116 Turning circle, 4 Underwater operations, IO, 160, 162-3, 190 Under way, 15, 103 VHF radiotelephone, I , 37-9, 67, 175 Wake-up signal, 107, 108, 110, 11 114-15, 171, 175 Warships, 4, Whistle, 168-80, 197-9 245 Guide to the Collision Avoidance Rules is the essential reference to the safe operation of all vessels at sea Published continuously since 1965 this respected and expert guide is the classic text for all who need to, practically and legally understand and comply with the Rules This sixth edition incorporates all of the amendments to t h e International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea which came into force in November 2003 A Written hy experts in the subject, this baak provides a concise textfir all concerned w t the practical and legal aspects ofintetpretation of; ih and campliance with, the Rules The text sets out all the Rules w t ih clear explanatians o their meaning and gives excepts @am Court f judgments M illustratehaw they have been interprearlin practice' -w 'fiefill text ofeach rule is fillawed by a thorough discussion of its meaning, interprettian and implications.' m .should be compulsory reading even far those wha already have qual@& the use ofcoloured diagrams is particularly valuable.' 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