McGRAW-HILL Steps to a AP World History This page intentionally left blank McGRAW-HILL Steps to a AP World History Peggy J Martin M C G RAW-H ILL New York Chicago San Francisco Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Milan New Delhi San Juan Seoul Singapore Sydney Toronto Copyright © 2005 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc All rights reserved Manufactured in the United States of America Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher 0-07-146523-5 The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this title: 0-07-143714-2 All trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners Rather than put a trademark symbol after every occurrence of a trademarked name, we use names in an editorial fashion only, and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark Where such designations appear in this book, they have been printed with initial caps McGraw-Hill eBooks are available at special quantity discounts to use as premiums and sales promotions, or for use in corporate training programs For more information, please contact George Hoare, Special Sales, at george_hoare@mcgraw-hill.com or (212) 904-4069 TERMS OF USE This is a copyrighted work and The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc (“McGraw-Hill”) and its licensors reserve all rights in and to the work Use of this work is subject to these terms Except as permitted under the Copyright Act of 1976 and the right to store and retrieve one copy of the work, you may not decompile, disassemble, reverse engineer, reproduce, modify, create derivative works based upon, transmit, distribute, disseminate, sell, publish or sublicense the work or any part of it without McGraw-Hill’s prior consent You may use the work for your own noncommercial and personal use; any other use of the work is strictly prohibited Your right to use the work may be terminated if you fail to comply with these terms THE WORK IS PROVIDED “AS IS.” McGRAW-HILL AND ITS LICENSORS MAKE NO GUARANTEES OR WARRANTIES AS TO THE ACCURACY, ADEQUACY OR COMPLETENESS OF OR RESULTS TO BE OBTAINED FROM USING THE WORK, INCLUDING ANY INFORMATION THAT CAN BE ACCESSED THROUGH THE WORK VIA HYPERLINK OR OTHERWISE, AND EXPRESSLY DISCLAIM ANY WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE McGraw-Hill and its licensors not warrant or guarantee that the functions contained in the work will meet your requirements or that its operation will be uninterrupted or error free Neither McGraw-Hill nor its licensors shall be liable to you or anyone else for any inaccuracy, error or omission, regardless of cause, in the work or for any damages resulting there from McGrawHill has no responsibility for the content of any information accessed through the work Under no circumstances shall McGraw-Hill and/or its licensors be liable for any indirect, incidental, special, punitive, consequential or similar damages that result from the use of or inability to use the work, even if any of them has been advised of the possibility of such damages This limitation of liability shall apply to any claim or cause whatsoever whether such claim or cause arises in contract, tort or otherwise DOI: 10.1036/0071465235 ������������ Want to learn more? 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If you’d like more information about this book, its author, or related books and websites, please click here For more information about this title, click here Contents Preface / ix Acknowledgments / xi Credits / xiii PART I HOW TO USE THIS BOOK / Strategies / Introduction to the Five-Step Program / Three Approaches to Preparing for the AP World History Exam / Calendars for Preparing for Each of the Plans / Graphics Used in This Book / 10 PART II AN INTRODUCTION TO THE AP WORLD HISTORY EXAMINATION / 13 Background Information / 15 Reasons for Taking the Advanced Placement Examination / 16 What You Need to Know About the AP World History Examination / 16 World History Diagnostic Test Section I / 21 Answers and Explanations / 31 Section II/Document-Based Question (DBQ) / 39 Change-over-Time Question / 43 Comparative Question / 44 Comments on Possible Solutions to the Free Response Questions / 45 PART III REVIEW OF WORLD HISTORY / 49 Unit I Foundations (8000 B.C.E.–600 C.E.) / 51 Chapter The World History Environment and Periodization / 51 Chapter Development of Agriculture and Technology / 59 Chapter Structure of Early Civilizations / 64 Chapter Rise of Classical Civilizations / 71 v vi • Contents Chapter Origins of World Belief Systems / 83 Chapter Interactions in the Late Classical Period / 91 Unit Summary: Foundations (8000 B.C.E.– 600 C.E.) / 98 Timeline / 98 Key Comparisons / 99 Change/Continuity Chart / 99 Unit Period Two (600–1450) / 102 Chapter The Rise and Spread of Islam / 102 Chapter The Expansion of China / 113 Chapter Changes in European Institutions / 122 Chapter 10 Interregional Trade and Exchange / 130 Chapter 11 Empires in the Americas / 141 Unit Summary: Period Two (600–1450) / 148 Timeline / 148 Key Comparisons / 148 Change/Continuity Chart / 149 Unit Period Three (1450–1750) / 151 Chapter 12 Empires and Other Political Systems / 151 Chapter 13 Hemispheric Exchange / 164 Chapter 14 Systems of Slavery / 170 Chapter 15 Cultural and Intellectual Changes / 175 Unit Summary: Period Three (1450–1750) / 181 Timeline / 181 Key Comparisons / 181 Change/Continuity Chart / 181 Contents • vii Unit Period Four (1750–1914) / 183 Chapter 16 The Industrial Revolution and Social Changes / 183 Chapter 17 Demographic and Environmental Developments / 190 Chapter 18 World Trade / 195 Chapter 19 Political Revolutions / 201 Chapter 20 Western Imperialism / 211 Unit Summary: Period Four (1750–1914) / 219 Timeline / 219 Key Comparisons / 220 Change/Continuity Chart / 220 Unit Period Five (1914–Present) / 222 Chapter 21 World Wars and Depression / 222 Chapter 22 The Cold War and the Postwar Balance of Power / 231 Chapter 23 End of the Cold War and Nationalist Movements / 241 Chapter 24 Global Trade / 245 Chapter 25 Technological Developments / 250 Chapter 26 Social Changes / 254 Chapter 27 Demographic and Environmental Developments / 260 Unit Summary: Period Five (1914–Present) / 266 Timeline / 266 Key Comparisons / 267 Change/Continuity Chart / 267 PART IV TEST STRATEGIES / 269 viii • Contents Chapter The Multiple-Choice Question / 271 Chapter The Document-Based Question / 273 Chapter The Change-over-Time Question / 276 Chapter The Comparative Question / 278 PART V PRACTICE TESTS / 281 Practice Test One / 285 Answers and Explanations / 296 Practice Test Two / 317 Answers and Explanations / 327 APPENDIXES / 347 Appendix 1: Glossary of Terms / 349 Appendix 2: Bibliography / 357 Appendix 3: Web sites / 359 About the Author / 361 ... A East Africa along the Indian Ocean B West Africa C Central Africa along the Atlantic Ocean D North Africa along the Mediterranean Sea E East Africa along the Red Sea 28 • An Introduction to. .. year was great preparation.”? ?AP student • How to Use This Book CALENDARS FOR PREPARING FOR EACH OF THE PLANS Calendar for Approach A: Year-long Preparation for the AP World History Examination... the AP World History Examination January–February Carefully read Parts I and II of this manual Take the Diagnostic Test Read and study the world history review sections that pertain to material