Research and development in industry 1976 1997 expenditure and researchers, scientists and engineersrecherche et development

◆ 1999 EXPENDITURE AND RESEARCHERS, SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEERS This annual publication presents R&D expenditure data (ANBERD) for 15 OECD countries, as well as a zone total for the European Union It then presents data on R&D researchers, scientists and engineers (ANRSE) for the G7 countries These data cover 22 years for 34 industrial sectors The publication reflects recent efforts made by the OECD to improve the quality and availability of industrial R&D expenditure data Hence, as of this year, the coverage of ANBERD has been extended to 58 sectors, including extended coverage of the services, starting with the survey year 1987 The greater international comparability of this data makes ANBERD and ANRSE an invaluable tool for economic research and analysis ALSO AVAILABLE ON DISKETTE To access the comprehensive ANBERD and ANRSE databases, please consult Research and Development in Industry on diskette RECHERCHE ET DÉVELOPPEMENT DANS L’INDUSTRIE DÉPENSES ET CHERCHEURS, SCIENTIFIQUES ET INGÉNIEURS Cette publication annuelle présente les dépenses en R-D (ANBERD) au niveau sectoriel pour 15 pays de l’OCDE, ainsi que les dépenses totales de l’Union européenne La seconde partie présente les données sur les chercheurs (ANRSE) dans les pays du G7 Ces données couvrent 34 secteurs sur une période de 22 ans La publication reflète les efforts récents de l’OCDE pour améliorer la qualité et la disponibilité des données industrielles sur les dépenses de R-D A partir de cette année, ANBERD été élargie 58 secteurs, couvrant notamment les secteurs de services, commenỗant avec lannộe denquờte 1987 ANBERD et ANRSE rendent possibles les comparaisons internationales, ce qui fait de cette publication un outil irremplaỗable pour lanalyse et la recherche économiques ÉGALEMENT DISPONIBLE SUR DISQUETTE Pour accéder l’intégralité des bases de données ANBERD et ANRSE, vous pouvez également consulter la version électronique de Recherche et développement dans l’industrie sur disquette RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT IN INDUSTRY 1976-1997 RECHERCHE ET DÉVELOPPEMENT DANS L’INDUSTRIE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT IN INDUSTRY S T O E C D T I S T A I EXPENDITURE AND RESEARCHERS, SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEERS 1976-1997 RECHERCHE ET DÉVELOPPEMENT DANS L’INDUSTRIE DÉPENSES ET CHERCHEURS, SCIENTIFIQUES ET INGÉNIEURS ÉDITION OECD OCDE -:HSTCQE=UZ]YZX: S RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT IN INDUSTRY www.oecd.org (70 1999 01 P) FF 340 ISBN 92-64-05845-1 C 9 EDITION O E C D 99 www.ebook3000.com 701999013 FT 20/04/99 17:12 Page S T O E C D T I S T A I C S RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT IN INDUSTRY EXPENDITURE AND RESEARCHERS, SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEERS 1976-1997 RECHERCHE ET DÉVELOPPEMENT DANS L’INDUSTRIE DÉPENSES ET CHERCHEURS, SCIENTIFIQUES ET INGÉNIEURS ÉDITION 9 EDITION ORGANISATION FOR ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT ORGANISATION DE COOPÉRATION ET DE DÉVELOPPEMENT ÉCONOMIQUES ORGANISATION FOR ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT Pursuant to Article of the Convention signed in Paris on 14th December 1960, and which came into force on 30th September 1961, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) shall promote policies designed: – to achieve the highest sustainable economic growth and employment and a rising standard of living in Member countries, while maintaining financial stability, and thus to contribute to the development of the world economy; – to contribute to sound economic expansion in Member as well as non-member countries in the process of economic development; and – to contribute to the expansion of world trade on a multilateral, non-discriminatory basis in accordance with international obligations The original Member countries of the OECD are Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, the United Kingdom and the United States The following countries became Members subsequently through accession at the dates indicated hereafter: Japan (28th April 1964), Finland (28th January 1969), Australia (7th June 1971), New Zealand (29th May 1973), Mexico (18th May 1994), the Czech Republic (21st December 1995), Hungary (7th May 1996), Poland (22nd November 1996) and Korea (12th December 1996) The Commission of the European Communities takes part in the work of the OECD (Article 13 of the OECD Convention)  OECD 1999 Permission to reproduce a portion of this work for non-commercial purposes or classroom use should be obtained through the Centre fran¸cais d’exploitation du droit de copie (CFC), 20, rue des Grands-Augustins, 75006 Paris, France, Tel (33-1) 44 07 47 70, Fax (33-1) 46 34 67 19, for every country except the United States In the United States permission should be obtained through the Copyright Clearance Center, Customer Service, (508)750-8400, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923 USA, or CCC Online: http://www.copyright.com/ All other applications for permission to reproduce or translate all or part of this book should be made to OECD Publications, 2, rue André-Pascal, 75775 Paris Cedex 16, France ´ ORGANISATION DE COOPERATION ´ ´ ET DE DEVELOPPEMENT ECONOMIQUES En vertu de l’article 1er de la Convention signée le 14 décembre 1960, a` Paris, et entrée en vigueur le ´ 30 septembre 1961, l’Organisation de Coopération et de Développement Economiques (OCDE) a pour objectif de promouvoir des politiques visant : – a` réaliser la plus forte expansion de l’économie et de l’emploi et une progression du niveau de vie dans les pays Membres, tout en maintenant la stabilité financière, et a` contribuer ainsi au développement de l’économie mondiale ; – a` contribuer a` une saine expansion e´ conomique dans les pays Membres, ainsi que les pays non membres, en voie de développement e´ conomique ; – a` contribuer a` l’expansion du commerce mondial sur une base multilatérale et non discriminatoire conformément aux obligations internationales Les pays Membres originaires de l’OCDE sont : l’Allemagne, l’Autriche, la Belgique, le Canada, ´ le Danemark, l’Espagne, les Etats-Unis, la France, la Grèce, l’Irlande, l’Islande, l’Italie, le Luxembourg, la Norvège, les Pays-Bas, le Portugal, le Royaume-Uni, la Suède, la Suisse et la Turquie Les pays suivants sont ultérieurement devenus Membres par adhésion aux dates indiquées ci-après : le Japon (28 avril 1964), la Finlande (28 janvier 1969), l’Australie (7 juin 1971), la Nouvelle-Zélande (29 mai 1973), le Mexique (18 mai 1994), la République tchèque (21 décembre 1995), la Hongrie (7 mai 1996), la Pologne (22 novembre 1996) et la Corée (12 décembre 1996) La Commission des Communautés européennes participe aux travaux de l’OCDE (article 13 de la Convention de l’OCDE)  OCDE 1999 Les permissions de reproduction partielle a` usage non commercial ou destinée a` une formation doivent eˆ tre adressées au Centre fran¸cais d’exploitation du droit de copie (CFC), 20, rue des Grands-Augustins, 75006 Paris, France, Tél (33-1) 44 07 47 70, Fax (33-1) 46 34 67 19, ´ ´ pour tous les pays a` l’exception des Etats-Unis Aux Etats-Unis, l’autorisation doit eˆ tre obtenue du Copyright Clearance Center, Service Client, (508)750-8400, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923 USA, or CCC Online: http://www.copyright.com/ Toute autre demande ´ d’autorisation de reproduction ou de traduction totale ou partielle de cette publication doit eˆ tre adressée aux Editions de l’OCDE, 2, rue André-Pascal, 75775 Paris Cedex 16, France www.ebook3000.com FOREWORD The OECD has made considerable efforts to improve the quality of the industry-level business enterprise Research and Development (R&D) data This publication presents two analytical databases on the business enterprise expenditure on R&D (BERD) and researchers, scientists and engineers (RSE) maintained by the OECD: the Analytical Business Enterprise Research and Development database (ANBERD); and the Analytical Researchers, Scientists and Engineers database (ANRSE) ANBERD and ANRSE contain OECD estimates that adjust for deficiencies and anomalies that exist in the official data To achieve the level of consistency and coverage which is essential for economic analysis at a detailed industrial level, many of the data points had to be estimated In this respect, ANBERD and ANRSE data contained in this report not represent official country submissions, but are estimates made by the OECD Secretariat This publication was prepared in the Economic Analysis and Statistics Division of the Directorate for Science, Technology and Industry The data are published on the responsibility of the Secretary-General of the OECD AVANT-PROPOS L’OCDE a deploy ´ e´ d’importants efforts pour ameliorer ´ la qualite´ des donnees ´ sur la recherche et developpement ´ (R-D) du secteur des entreprises, ventilees ´ par industrie Cette publication presente ´ deux bases de donnees ´ analytiques de l’OCDE sur les depenses ´ de R-D du secteur des entreprises (DIRDE) et sur les chercheurs : la base de donnees ´ sur la DIRDE (ANBERD) ; et la base de donnees ´ sur les chercheurs, scientifiques et ingenieurs ´ (ANRSE) ANBERD et ANRSE contiennent des estimations de l’OCDE tenant compte des lacunes et anomalies inherentes ´ aux donnees ´ officielles Afin d’atteindre, au niveau detaill ´ e, ´ la coherence ´ et la couverture necessaires ´ a` toute analyse economique, ´ un grand nombre de donnees ´ ont duˆ etre ˆ estimees ´ De ce fait, les bases de donnees ´ ANBERD et ANRSE present ´ ees ´ dans ce rapport ne fournissent pas des donnees ´ officielles soumises par les autorites ´ statistiques, mais des estimations effectuees ´ par le Secretariat ´ Cette publication a et ´ e´ realis ´ ee ´ dans la Division des analyses economiques ´ et des statistiques de la Direction de la science, de la technologie et de l’industrie Les donnees ´ sont publiees ´ sous la responsabilite´ du Secretaire ´ gen ´ eral ´ de l’OCDE ` TABLE OF CONTENTS/TABLE DES MATIERES Introduction Introduction 15 Chapter I/Chapitre I The OECD analytical BERD and RSE (ANBERD and ANRSE) databases: explanations on their development Les bases de donnees ´ analytiques sur la DIRDE et les chercheurs (ANBERD et ANRSE) de l’OCDE explications concernant leur elaboration ´ A Limitations of the official BERD (OFFBERD) data A Les limites des donnees ´ officielles sur la DIRDE (OFFBERD) B The OECD analytical BERD (ANBERD) database B La base de donnees ´ analytique de l’OCDE sur la DIRDE (ANBERD) C The ANBERD database in ISIC, Revision C La base de donnees ´ ANBERD en CITI, revision ´ D Limitations of the official RSE (OFFRSE) data D Les limites des donnees ´ officielles sur les chercheurs (OFFRSE) E The OECD analytical RSE (ANRSE) database E La base de donnees ´ analytique de l’OCDE sur les chercheurs (ANRSE) : 21 27 21 27 22 28 22 29 24 30 25 32 Chapter II/Chapitre II ANBERD estimates Estimations ANBERD A ANBERD estimation method for the United States ´ A Methode ´ d’estimation ANBERD pour les Etats-Unis B ANBERD estimation method for Japan B Methode ´ d’estimation ANBERD pour le Japon C ANBERD estimation method for the European Union (EU) C Methode ´ d’estimation ANBERD pour les totaux de l’Union europeenne ´ D General estimation methods for ANBERD countries D Methodes ´ gen ´ erales ´ d’estimation pour les pays ANBERD (UE) 33 37 33 37 34 38 34 38 34 38 133 135 133 135 134 136 134 137 Chapter III/Chapitre III ANRSE estimates Estimations ANRSE A ANRSE estimation method for the United States ´ A Methode ´ d’estimation ANRSE pour les Etats-Unis B ANRSE estimation method for Japan B Methode ´ d’estimation ANRSE pour le Japon C General estimation methods for ANRSE countries C Methodes ´ gen ´ erales ´ d’estimation pour les pays ANRSE www.ebook3000.com LIST OF TABLES/LISTE DES TABLEAUX 1A 1B 1C 1D 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 BERD ISIC, Revision Classification/Classification DIRDE CITI, revision ´ BERD ISIC, Revision Classification/Classification DIRDE CITI, revision ´ Coverage of the service industries in R&D surveys/Couverture des services dans les enquetes ˆ de R-D Approximate correspondence between ISIC, Revision and Revision 3/Concordance approximative, revision ´ et revision ´ ´ ANBERD data for the United States (million US$ and PPP$)/Donnees ´ ANBERD pour les Etats-Unis (millions de $US et PPA en millions de $) ANBERD in ISIC, Revision for the United States (million US$ and PPP$)/ANBERD en CITI, revision ´ ´ pour les Etats-Unis (millions de $US et PPA en millions de $) ANBERD data for Japan (billion ¥)/Donnees ´ ANBERD pour le Japon (milliards de ¥) ANBERD data for Japan (million PPP$)/Donnees ´ ANBERD pour le Japon (PPA en millions de $) ANBERD in ISIC, Revision for Japan (million PPP$)/ANBERD en CITI, revision ´ pour le Japon (PPA en millions de $) ANBERD data for the EU (million PPP$)/Donnees ´ ANBERD pour l’UE (PPA en millions de $) ANBERD data for Australia (million A$)/Donnees ´ ANBERD pour l’Australie (millions de $A) ANBERD data for Australia (million PPP$)/Donnees ´ ANBERD pour l’Australie (PPA en millions de $) ANBERD in ISIC, Revision for Australia (million PPP$)/ANBERD en CITI, revision ´ pour l’Australie (PPA en millions de $) ANBERD data for Canada (million C$)/Donnees ´ ANBERD pour le Canada (millions de $Can) ANBERD data for Canada (million PPP$)/Donnees ´ ANBERD pour le Canada (PPA en millions de $) ANBERD in ISIC, Revision for Canada (million PPP$)/ANBERD en CITI, revision ´ pour le Canada (PPA en millions de $) ANBERD data for Denmark (million DKr)/Donnees ´ ANBERD pour le Danemark (millions de KrD) ANBERD data for Denmark (million PPP$)/Donnees ´ ANBERD pour le Danemark (PPA en millions de $) ANBERD in ISIC, Revision for Denmark (million PPP$)/ANBERD en CITI, revision ´ pour le Danemark (PPA en millions de $) ANBERD data for Finland (million Mk)/Donnees ´ ANBERD pour la Finlande (millions de MkF) ANBERD data for Finland (million PPP$)/Donnees ´ ANBERD pour la Finlande (PPA en millions de $) ANBERD in ISIC, Revision for Finland (million PPP$)/ANBERD en CITI, revision ´ pour la Finlande (PPA en millions de $) ANBERD data for France (million FF)/Donnees ´ ANBERD pour la France (millions de FF) ANBERD data for France (million PPP$)/Donnees ´ ANBERD pour la France (PPA en millions de $) ANBERD in ISIC, Revision for France (million PPP$)/ANBERD en CITI, revision ´ pour la France (PPA en millions de $) ANBERD data for Federal Republic of Germany (million DM)/Donnees ´ ANBERD pour la Republique ´ fed ´ erale ´ d’Allemagne (millions de DM) ANBERD data for Federal Republic of Germany (million PPP$)/Donnees ´ ANBERD pour Republique ´ fed ´ erale ´ d’Allemagne (PPA en millions de $) ANBERD data for Germany (million DM)/Donnees ´ ANBERD pour l’Allemagne (millions de DM) ANBERD data for Germany (million PPP$)/Donnees ´ ANBERD pour l’Allemagne (PPA en millions de $) ANBERD in ISIC, Revision for Germany (million PPP$)/ANBERD en CITI, revision ´ pour l’Allemagne (PPA en millions de $) ANBERD data for Ireland (million Ir£)/Donnees ´ ANBERD pour l’Irlande (millions de £Ir) ANBERD data for Ireland (million PPP$)/Donnees ´ ANBERD pour l’Irlande (PPA en millions de $) ANBERD in ISIC, Revision for Ireland (million PPP$)/ANBERD en CITI, revision ´ pour l’Irlande (PPA en millions de $) ANBERD data for Italy (billion L)/Donnees ´ ANBERD pour l’Italie (milliards de L) ANBERD data for Italy (million PPP$)/Donnees ´ ANBERD pour l’Italie (PPA en millions de $) ANBERD in ISIC, Revision for Italy (million PPP$)/ANBERD en CITI, revision ´ pour l’Italie (PPA en millions de $) ANBERD data for the Netherlands (million Gld)/Donnees ´ ANBERD pour les Pays-Bas (millions de fl) ANBERD data for the Netherlands (million PPP$)/Donnees ´ ANBERD pour les Pays-Bas (PPA en millions de $) ANBERD in ISIC, Revision for the Netherlands (million PPP$)/ANBERD en CITI, revision ´ pour les Pays-Bas (PPA en millions de $) ANBERD data for Norway (million NKr)/Donnees ´ ANBERD pour la Norvege ` (millions de KrN) ANBERD data for Norway (million PPP$)/Donnees ´ ANBERD pour la Norvege ` (PPA en millions de $) ANBERD in ISIC, Revision for Norway (million PPP$)/ANBERD en CITI, revision ´ pour la Norvege ` (PPA en millions de $) ANBERD data for Spain (million Ptas)/Donnees ´ ANBERD pour l’Espagne (millions de Ptas) ANBERD data for Spain (million PPP$)/Donnees ´ ANBERD pour l’Espagne (PPA en millions de $) 11-17 12-18 13–19 23-29 40-41 42-43 44-45 46-47 48-49 50-51 52-53 54-55 56-57 58-59 60-61 62-63 64-65 66-67 68-69 70-71 72-73 74-75 76-77 78-79 80-81 82-83 84-85 86 87 88-89 90-91 92-93 94-95 96-97 98-99 100-101 102-103 104-105 106-107 108-109 110-111 112-113 114-115 116-117 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 ANBERD in ISIC, Revision for Spain (million PPP$)/ANBERD en CITI, revision ´ pour l’Espagne (PPA en millions de $) ANBERD data for Sweden (million Skr)/Donnees ´ ANBERD pour la Suede ` (millions de KrS) ANBERD data for Sweden (million PPP$)/Donnees ´ ANBERD pour la Suede ` (PPA en millions de $) ANBERD in ISIC, Revision for Sweden (million PPP$)/ANBERD en CITI, revision ´ pour la Suede ` (PPA en millions de $) ANBERD data for the United Kingdom (million £)/Donnees ´ ANBERD pour le Royaume-Uni (millions de £) ANBERD data for the United Kingdom (million PPP$)/Donnees ´ ANBERD pour le Royaume-Uni (PPA en millions de $) ANBERD in ISIC, Revision for the United Kingdom (million PPP$)/ANBERD en CITI, revision ´ pour le Royaume-Uni (PPA en millions de $) Purchasing power parities for GDP/Parites ´ de pouvoir d’achat du PIB ´ ANRSE data for the United States (FTE)/Donnees ´ ANRSE pour les Etats-Unis (EPT) ANRSE data for Japan (headcount)/Donnees ´ ANRSE pour le Japon (personnes physiques) ANRSE data for Canada (FTE)/Donnees ´ ANRSE pour le Canada (EPT) ANRSE data for France (FTE)/Donnees ´ ANRSE pour la France (EPT) ANRSE data for Federal Republic of Germany (FTE)/Donnees ´ ANRSE pour la Republique ´ fed ´ erale ´ d’Allemagne (EPT) ANRSE data for Germany (FTE)/Donnees ´ ANRSE pour l’Allemagne (EPT) ANRSE data for Italy (FTE)/Donnees ´ ANRSE pour l’Italie (EPT) ANRSE data for the United Kingdom (FTE)/Donnees ´ ANRSE pour le Royaume-Uni (EPT) www.ebook3000.com 118-119 120-121 122-123 124-125 126-127 129-130 131 132 138-139 140-141 142-143 144-145 146-147 148 149-150 151-152 INTRODUCTION Industrial research & development (R&D) is defined as R&D activities carried out in the business enterprise sector, regardless of the origin of funding While the government and the higher education sectors also carry out R&D activities, industrial R&D remains the most closely linked to the creation of new products and production techniques This report presents the results of recent OECD efforts to improve the quality and availability of: business enterprise expenditure on R&D (BERD) and the researchers, scientists and engineers working on R&D (RSE) in the business enterprise sector, for OECD countries The objective is to provide the most accurate industrial R&D data for use in analytical projects The publication presents ANBERD in ISIC, Revision and, as of this year, in ISIC Rev 3, as well as the ANRSE databases The first chapter of the report provides an overview of the official BERD and RSE data (OFFBERD and OFFRSE) and the ANalytical BERD and ANalytical RSE (ANBERD and ANRSE) databases maintained by the OECD It describes their relative strengths and weaknesses, and the steps that have been undertaken to identify and correct the shortcomings of the official data, provided to the OECD by the Member countries, for inclusion in ANBERD and ANRSE The second chapter presents the ANBERD database developed by the OECD The ANBERD database was constructed with the objective of creating a consistent data set, that overcomes the problems of international comparability and time discontinuity associated with the official BERD data provided to the OECD by the Member countries Based on estimates, the ANBERD database is published on the responsibility of the Secretary General of the OECD and does not represent Member countries’ official submissions of business enterprise R&D data The ANBERD estimates presented cover the period 1976 to 1997, in ISIC, Revision (ANBERD R-2), for 15 countries: Australia, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Federal Republic of Germany before unification as well as Germany, Ireland, Italy, Japan, the Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Sweden, the United Kingdom and the United States The ANBERD ISIC, Revision database (ANBERD R-3) covers the 1987 to 1998 time period for the same fifteen countries Chapter III presents the ANRSE database also maintained by the OECD Similarly to the ANBERD database, this database was constructed with the objective of creating a consistent data set on human resources working on R&D in the business enterprise sector ANRSE overcomes the problems of international comparability and time discontinuity associated with the official business enterprise manpower engaged in R&D data (OFFRSE) provided to the OECD by Member countries The ANRSE database consists of estimates for seven countries: Canada, France, Federal Republic of Germany before unification, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States In general, it covers the 1975-96 time period for 26 manufacturing industries as well as ‘‘Total Services’’ and total business enterprise in the ISIC, Revision nomenclature The industrial disaggregation used for ANBERD, ANRSE as well as for the official data is illustrated in Table 1A and corresponds to the OECD industrial classification used for its international R&D surveys As of 1993, the OECD questionnaire on the resources devoted to R&D has been considerably modified These modifications are in line with the new recommendations of the latest Frascati Manual (1993), whereby data are now being collected using a new classification based upon the third revision of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC, Revision 3) Thus, as of 1987, the OFFBERD and OFFRSE data are broken down into 60 industries in ISIC, Revision See Table 1B for an illustration of this new industrial disaggregation The OECD STructural ANalysis (STAN) section produces four separate but compatible databases designed to be used in an integrated fashion: ANBERD, Bilateral Trade, Industrial (STAN), and Input-Output As these databases were designed to be used in conjunction with one another, ANBERD remained in ISIC, Revision 2, even though countries started collecting OFFBERD according to ISIC, Revision as of survey year 1987 The Secretariat has, however, started compiling the ANBERD database in ISIC, Revision as presented in this publication Beginning with next year, STAN and BTD will also be published in ISIC, Revision The ANBERD and ANRSE Databases, Bilateral Trade Database (BTD), STAN Industrial Database as well as the Input-Output Database are available in electronic format from the OECD’s Electronic Editions Office [Fax: (33-1) 49 10 42 76 or e-mail: sales@oecd.org] Further information on these databases is available on the Internet at: http://www.oecd.org/dsti/sti/stat-ana/index.htm Select Statistics to view a list of our products 10 www.ebook3000.com Table 1A BERD ISIC, Revision Classification ISIC, Rev codes Description Total manufacturing 31 32 33 34 Food, beverages and tobacco Textiles, apparel and leather Wood products and furniture Paper, paper products and printing 35 351 + 352 – 3522 3522 353 + 354 355 + 356 Chemical products Chemicals excluding drugs Drugs and medicines Petroleum refineries and products Rubber and plastic products 36 Non-metallic mineral products 37 371 372 Basic metal industries Iron and steel Non-ferrous metals 38 381 382 – 3825 – (part 3829) 3825 383 – 3832 3832 3841 3843 3845 (+ part 3829) 3842 + 3844 + 3849 385 Fabricated metal products Metal products Non-electrical machinery Office and computing machinery Electrical machinery excluding radio, TV and communication equipment Radio, TV and communication equipment Shipbuilding and repairing Motor vehicles Aircraft Other transport equipment Professional goods 39 Other manufacturing, nes Agriculture 22 Mining 4+5+6+7+8+9 71 72 8324 + – 8324 + Total services Electricity, gas and water Construction Transport and storage Communications Commercial and engineering services Other services 383 351 + 352 + 353 + 354 384 – 3845 37 + 381 382 + 385 – (part 3829) 31 + 32 + 355 + 356 33 + 34 + 36 + 39 Sub-total Sub-total Sub-total Sub-total Sub-total Sub-total Sub-total See Frascati Manual TOTAL BUSINESS ENTERPRISE electrical group chemical group other transports group metals group machinery group chemical-linked group other manufacturing group Part 3829 refers to rockets, missiles and spacecrafts Includes crude oil and gas extraction/production 8324 refers to ISIC class 8324, if not distributed by industry, and 9320, if relevant 11 ANRSE Etats-Unis (En equivalence ´ plein-temps) CITI, Revision ´ 139 31 32 33 34 35 351+352-3522 3522 353+354 355+356 36 37 371 372 38 381 382-3825 3825 3830-3832 3832 3841 3843 3845 3842+3844+3849 385 39 TOTAL MANUFACTURIER Alimentation, boissons et tabac Textiles, habillement et cuir Bois & meubles Papier, imprimerie et edition ´ Produits chimiques Produits chimiques usage indust Produits pharmaceutiques Raffinage petrole ´ et prod petroliers ´ Caoutchouc et ouvrages plastique Produits mineraux ´ non metalliques ´ Metallurgie ´ de base Siderurgie ´ Metaux ´ non ferreux Ouvrages metaux, ´ mach et mat Ouvrages en metaux ´ Machines non electriques ´ Machines de bureau et a` calculer Mach electr ´ sauf Tel ´ ecom ´ Appareils de radio, tel ´ e., ´ Tel ´ ecom ´ Construction navale Vehicules ´ automobiles Construction aeronautique ´ Autres materiels ´ de transport nca Materiel ´ professionnel Autres industries manufacturieres ` 4+5+6+7+8+9 71 72 8324 6+8-8324+9 TOTAL SERVICES ELECTRICITE, GAZ ET EAU CONSTRUCTION Transport et entreposage Communications Serv.commerciaux et d’ingenierie ´ Autres services TOTAL DIRDE 1986 599 93 42 32 8 465 22 73 13 116 46 136 42 400.0 900.0 400.0 300.0 000.0 900.0 600.0 600.0 900.0 800.0 600.0 500.0 100.0 400.0 500.0 900.0 400.0 400.0 600.0 800.0 500.0 300.0 500.0 100.0 300.0 1987 606 94 42 33 8 472 10 24 74 13 118 47 136 43 1988 700.0 400.0 400.0 300.0 100.0 200.0 800.0 000.0 500.0 900.0 600.0 600.0 300.0 300.0 700.0 500.0 000.0 400.0 800.0 700.0 300.0 400.0 500.0 100.0 400.0 597 98 43 34 10 462 25 74 20 102 45 134 44 272.3 846.0 521.0 374.6 407.7 083.9 941.0 407.3 747.8 987.9 644.8 503.4 250.2 253.2 285.3 936.8 380.9 991.2 122.9 383.6 823.0 789.9 737.2 120.0 446.0 1989 590 101 46 34 11 10 451 10 28 84 21 83 49 115 52 872.5 829.0 758.4 197.9 467.0 741.7 078.5 307.3 106.1 249.7 956.5 238.1 933.9 304.2 089.8 074.4 611.3 696.1 343.4 831.3 433.6 294.4 454.5 350.8 594.0 1990 593 10 107 46 35 11 14 444 10 32 77 26 69 45 100 78 761.6 400.0 012.9 606.2 603.7 708.3 134.4 443.7 361.7 768.4 038.4 618.3 648.4 969.9 311.3 316.8 099.6 575.1 592.7 351.3 271.3 200.8 229.7 673.9 462.6 1991 576 10 111 46 38 11 14 5 423 32 67 31 60 44 92 82 512.0 800.0 800.0 500.0 700.0 900.0 900.0 700.0 500.0 800.0 300.0 100.0 700.0 400.0 412.0 700.0 200.0 100.0 200.0 700.0 500.0 900.0 700.0 412.0 000.0 1992 568 10 110 44 42 11 13 417 31 65 28 60 45 97 75 200.0 600.0 100.0 600.0 600.0 500.0 200.0 300.0 000.0 000.0 100.0 600.0 600.0 000.0 300.0 900.0 600.0 800.0 800.0 400.0 100.0 900.0 500.0 300.0 800.0 1993 594 10 3 10 111 44 48 9 2 430 10 35 57 19 76 51 72 100 15 048.0 300.0 300.0 300.0 600.0 800.0 600.0 500.0 700.0 000.0 000.0 100.0 600.0 500.0 148.0 200.0 800.0 448.0 600.0 900.0 000.0 800.0 800.0 600.0 500.0 1994 568 2 10 117 49 50 408 36 53 20 83 51 63 84 984.0 900.0 900.0 300.0 600.0 800.0 300.0 300.0 400.0 800.0 300.0 500.0 900.0 600.0 184.0 200.0 800.0 684.0 000.0 300.0 100.0 500.0 200.0 400.0 500.0 1995 630 11 112 45 49 10 473 53 57 25 100 57 95 70 448.0 800.0 800.0 900.0 000.0 900.0 300.0 000.0 400.0 200.0 900.0 100.0 600.0 500.0 848.0 100.0 600.0 948.0 300.0 500.0 000.0 500.0 000.0 900.0 200.0 1996 665 10 3 11 108 46 43 9 486 10 43 70 21 114 63 94 64 33 600.0 400.0 700.0 400.0 200.0 000.0 000.0 100.0 000.0 900.0 700.0 500.0 600.0 900.0 300.0 000.0 400.0 900.0 400.0 500.0 800.0 600.0 400.0 300.0 400.0 96 400.0 101 900.0 125 219.9 152 722.9 179 662.5 202 600.0 196 500.0 174 552.0 150 400.0 176 300.0 196 800.0 695 800.0 708 600.0 722 492.2 743 595.4 773 424.1 779 300.0 764 700.0 768 500.0 746 100.0 832 800.0 885 700.0 Note: Agriculture, Activites ´ extractives, Distribution d’Electricite, ´ Gaz & Eau, Construction sont inclus dans le total des services Autres materiels ´ de transports nca inclut Construction navale Source: OCDE, base de donnees ´ ANRSE (DSTI/Division AES), 1999 www.ebook3000.com ANRSE Japan (Expressed in headcount) ISIC Revision 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 185 1 42 24 111 19 21 35 140 795.0 016.0 843.0 127.0 935.0 524.0 360.0 610.0 556.0 998.0 475.0 869.0 613.0 256.0 945.0 520.0 039.1 290.1 374.0 835.3 467.9 12 990.2 637.6 694.9 096.0 061.0 194 2 44 25 120 20 22 40 163.0 481.0 933.0 150.0 092.0 229.0 828.0 994.0 572.0 835.0 473.0 092.0 907.0 185.0 111.0 404.0 618.4 983.4 701.0 190.3 525.3 13 090.1 666.7 661.8 270.0 602.0 1983 215 2 46 26 10 7 136 23 10 24 45 166 167.0 391.0 846.0 819.0 840.0 39 042.0 22 247.0 309.0 316.0 170.0 355.0 819.0 434.0 385.0 99 513.9 117.0 18 210.8 998.1 24 470.0 26 176.3 613.1 11 523.5 772.6 444.6 188.0 541.0 4+5+6+7+8+9 71 72 8324 6+8-8324+9 TOTAL SERVICES ELECTRICITY, GAS & WATER CONSTRUCTION Transport & Storage Communications Commercial & Engin Services Other Services 164.0 098.0 303.0 724.0 0.0 0.0 39.0 490.0 071.0 829.0 531.0 0.0 0.0 59.0 497.0 114.0 828.0 508.0 0.0 47.0 256.0 173.0 604.0 479.0 0.0 297.0 205.0 643.0 449.0 0.0 799.0 258.0 098.0 443.0 0.0 452.0 291.0 752.0 409.0 0.0 145 216.0 151 437.0 153 706.0 157 279.0 173 244.0 184 889.0 192 942.0 201 137.0 223 882.0 231 097.0 251 771.0 10 222 48 27 11 141 23 14 25 43 375.0 440.0 312.0 025.0 636.0 256.0 563.0 325.0 748.0 620.0 934.0 668.0 278.0 390.0 032.0 413.0 462.9 295.9 519.0 171.6 474.5 16 718.3 571.6 614.3 10 791.0 072.0 1985 15 715.0 569.0 429.0 852.0 571.0 363.0 691.0 903.0 603.0 166.0 356.0 894.0 963.0 931.0 807.8 238.0 093.6 791.0 786.0 003.7 671.9 298.8 142.6 675.3 107.0 873.0 1984 TOTAL MANUFACTURING Food, Beverages & Tobacco Textiles, Apparel & Leather Wood Products & Furniture Paper, Paper Products & Printing Chemical Products Chemicals excl Drugs Drugs & Medicines Petroleum Refineries & Products Rubber & Plastic Products Non-Metallic Mineral Products Basic Metal Industries Iron & Steel Non-Ferrous Metals Fabricated Metal Products Metal Products Non-Electrical Machinery Office & Computing Machinery Electric Machin excl Comm Eq Radio, TV & Communication Eq Shipbuilding & Repairing Motor vehicles Aircraft Other Transport Equipment Professional Goods Other Manufacturing, nec Source: OECD, ANRSE Database (DSTI/EAS Division), 1999 462.0 634.0 371.0 026.0 004.0 822.0 536.0 311.0 363.0 612.0 799.0 695.0 800.0 895.0 728.0 348.0 406.2 603.3 043.0 506.5 532.1 12 928.1 723.1 576.6 061.0 383.0 1982 31 32 33 34 35 351+352-3522 3522 353+354 355+356 36 37 371 372 38 381 382-3825 3825 3830-3832 3832 3841 3843 3845 3842+3844+3849 385 39 TOTAL BUSINESS ENTERPRISE 177 2 41 23 105 18 20 33 1981 243 52 29 12 7 156 25 15 27 50 424.0 480.0 956.0 218.0 453.0 062.0 810.0 713.0 914.0 625.0 150.0 919.0 405.0 514.0 090.9 885.0 014.1 422.3 697.0 157.5 548.9 18 085.0 894.9 841.2 11 545.0 095.0 ANRSE Japon (Exprimees ´ en personnes physiques) CITI, Revision ´ 141 31 32 33 34 35 351+352-3522 3522 353+354 355+356 36 37 371 372 38 381 382-3825 3825 3830-3832 3832 3841 3843 3845 3842+3844+3849 385 39 TOTAL MANUFACTURIER Alimentation, boissons et tabac Textiles, habillement et cuir Bois & meubles Papier, imprimerie et edition ´ Produits chimiques Produits chimiques usage indust Produits pharmaceutiques Raffinage petrole ´ et prod petroliers ´ Caoutchouc et ouvrages plastique Produits mineraux ´ non metalliques ´ Metallurgie ´ de base Siderurgie ´ Metaux ´ non ferreux Ouvrages metaux, ´ mach et mat Ouvrages en metaux ´ Machines non electriques ´ Machines de bureau et a` calculer Mach electr ´ sauf Tel ´ ecom ´ Appareils de radio, tel ´ e., ´ Tel ´ ecom ´ Construction navale Vehicules ´ automobiles Construction aeronautique ´ Autres materiels ´ de transport nca Materiel ´ professionnel Autres industries manufacturieres ` 4+5+6+7+8+9 71 72 8324 6+8-8324+9 TOTAL SERVICES ELECTRICITE, GAZ ET EAU CONSTRUCTION Transport et entreposage Communications Serv.commerciaux et d’ingenierie ´ Autres services TOTAL DIRDE 1986 251 53 31 12 7 161 24 17 26 52 19 11 660.0 700.0 391.0 180.0 579.0 166.0 181.0 322.0 995.0 668.0 077.0 497.0 503.0 994.0 485.8 392.0 661.7 609.5 843.0 498.8 397.3 410.3 279.0 872.2 522.0 584.0 1987 269 10 57 33 13 173 25 22 28 56 21 11 1988 996.0 495.0 880.0 446.0 734.0 193.0 398.0 516.0 178.0 101.0 675.0 785.0 060.0 725.0 764.8 014.0 557.9 460.0 623.0 436.1 421.8 023.9 608.4 570.6 049.0 023.0 284 3 59 34 14 10 185 27 27 30 58 22 12 019.0 940.0 413.0 198.0 484.0 594.0 838.0 332.0 977.0 447.0 453.0 121.0 905.0 216.0 292.6 090.0 055.6 283.4 206.0 191.2 450.5 987.9 260.6 393.4 374.0 523.0 1989 303 10 3 63 37 14 10 199 29 33 33 55 24 13 451.0 048.0 929.0 879.0 411.0 190.0 264.0 932.0 999.0 995.0 716.0 082.0 946.0 136.0 466.7 446.0 757.3 953.8 568.0 370.0 517.4 230.0 437.5 390.8 796.0 729.0 1990 320 11 65 38 15 11 211 30 35 35 58 26 14 041.0 052.0 332.0 662.0 467.0 017.0 042.0 778.0 091.0 106.0 060.0 193.0 180.0 013.0 029.8 919.0 729.6 867.5 915.0 222.8 494.5 406.3 673.1 364.1 438.0 228.0 1991 329 10 67 38 16 11 216 31 36 35 61 27 14 766.0 791.0 300.0 048.0 670.0 419.0 700.0 892.0 075.0 752.0 840.0 499.0 429.0 070.0 961.0 432.0 704.2 559.5 350.0 370.5 552.4 462.7 313.9 374.8 841.0 238.0 1992 344 10 69 40 18 11 227 33 34 37 67 29 15 012.0 910.0 536.0 704.0 486.0 925.0 024.0 181.0 077.0 643.0 675.0 385.0 561.0 824.0 704.4 239.0 469.9 924.8 026.0 724.9 805.4 534.5 589.1 411.9 979.0 686.0 1993 355 12 72 40 18 11 11 236 34 37 40 67 29 17 451.0 295.0 065.0 842.0 773.0 562.0 633.0 607.0 134.0 188.0 330.0 791.0 319.0 472.0 588.8 968.0 090.5 924.0 211.0 083.5 777.2 472.8 975.2 493.7 593.0 204.0 1994 365 11 3 75 41 20 12 11 243 36 37 41 71 29 18 187.0 650.0 904.0 955.0 750.0 321.0 083.0 041.0 097.0 100.0 633.0 313.0 093.0 220.0 631.6 757.0 612.1 344.9 051.0 319.7 689.6 406.9 731.8 572.5 146.0 029.0 1995 373 12 3 72 39 20 10 11 5 252 37 37 40 73 32 20 084.0 947.0 943.0 264.0 955.0 777.0 985.0 071.0 946.0 775.0 853.0 080.0 509.0 571.0 775.5 759.0 697.6 804.1 129.0 610.8 624.5 570.6 820.9 585.1 174.0 489.0 1996 371 13 3 74 41 19 11 11 5 250 35 42 41 68 32 17 674.0 094.0 582.0 978.0 987.0 020.0 098.0 970.0 803.0 149.0 953.0 072.0 472.0 600.0 369.8 262.0 901.7 233.4 240.0 790.0 509.8 368.5 909.0 572.4 583.0 618.0 208.0 453.0 553.0 202.0 0.0 321.0 497.0 594.0 230.0 0.0 164.0 632.0 272.0 260.0 0.0 565.0 748.0 533.0 284.0 0.0 865.0 851.0 699.0 315.0 0.0 824.0 839.0 667.0 318.0 0.0 11 227.0 857.0 063.0 307.0 0.0 10 677.0 023.0 351.0 303.0 0.0 10 424.0 046.0 082.0 296.0 0.0 826.0 964.0 553.0 309.0 0.0 11 945.0 025.0 652.0 268.0 0.0 260 846.0 279 298.0 294 202.0 313 948.0 330 996.0 340 809.0 356 406.0 367 278.0 376 639.0 384 100.0 400 361.0 Source: OCDE, base de donnees ´ ANRSE (DSTI/Division AES), 1999 www.ebook3000.com ANRSE Canada (Full-time equivalent) ISIC Revision 142 31 32 33 34 35 351+352-3522 3522 353+354 355+356 36 37 371 372 38 381 382-3825 3825 3830-3832 3832 3841 3843 3845 3842+3844+3849 385 39 TOTAL MANUFACTURING Food, Beverages & Tobacco Textiles, Apparel & Leather Wood Products & Furniture Paper, Paper Products & Printing Chemical Products Chemicals excl Drugs Drugs & Medicines Petroleum Refineries & Products Rubber & Plastic Products Non-Metallic Mineral Products Basic Metal Industries Iron & Steel Non-Ferrous Metals Fabricated Metal Products Metal Products Non-Electrical Machinery Office & Computing Machinery Electric Machin excl Comm Eq Radio, TV & Communication Eq Shipbuilding & Repairing Motor vehicles Aircraft Other Transport Equipment Professional Goods Other Manufacturing, nec 4+5+6+7+8+9 71 72 8324 6+8-8324+9 TOTAL SERVICES ELECTRICITY, GAS & WATER CONSTRUCTION Transport & Storage Communications Commercial & Engin Services Other Services TOTAL BUSINESS ENTERPRISE Source: OECD, ANRSE Database (DSTI/EAS Division), 1999 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 076.0 342.0 84.0 33.0 443.0 652.0 783.0 419.0 339.0 111.0 65.0 581.0 135.0 446.0 806.0 152.0 311.0 148.0 393.0 906.0 0.7 138.0 587.0 64.4 106.0 70.0 985.0 314.0 62.0 11.0 340.0 348.0 566.0 343.0 353.0 86.0 44.0 588.0 114.0 474.0 246.0 95.0 176.0 154.0 221.0 718.0 0.5 105.0 649.0 44.6 83.0 32.0 830.0 411.0 71.0 16.0 415.0 726.0 761.0 397.0 401.0 167.0 66.0 535.0 146.0 389.0 555.0 145.0 332.0 226.0 364.0 265.0 0.5 209.0 850.0 46.5 117.0 35.0 948.0 335.0 43.0 6.0 340.0 532.0 641.0 334.0 443.0 114.0 51.0 501.0 126.0 375.0 112.0 101.0 202.0 326.0 230.0 070.0 0.4 190.0 872.0 43.6 77.0 28.0 184.0 457.0 71.0 52.0 388.0 918.0 875.0 390.0 479.0 174.0 67.0 566.0 169.0 397.0 626.0 151.0 374.0 489.0 413.0 610.0 0.6 216.0 143.0 56.4 173.0 39.0 594.0 453.0 80.0 92.0 417.0 981.0 793.0 452.0 563.0 173.0 74.0 550.0 161.0 389.0 895.0 130.0 318.0 639.0 446.0 691.0 0.8 235.0 167.0 80.2 188.0 52.0 11 334.0 534.0 171.0 104.0 467.0 402.0 966.0 493.0 745.0 198.0 83.0 550.0 171.0 379.0 929.0 192.0 473.0 791.0 553.0 038.0 1.6 304.0 231.0 155.4 190.0 94.0 12 660.0 543.0 187.0 111.0 442.0 590.0 075.0 531.0 791.0 193.0 91.0 535.0 168.0 367.0 067.0 177.0 431.0 118.0 629.0 889.0 1.4 279.0 213.0 139.6 190.0 94.0 12 877.0 544.0 179.0 106.0 417.0 357.0 074.0 496.0 614.0 173.0 89.0 561.0 160.0 401.0 517.0 204.0 424.0 210.0 613.0 078.0 1.6 309.0 311.0 158.4 208.0 107.0 13 783.0 484.0 171.0 120.0 425.0 211.0 076.0 367.0 626.0 142.0 85.0 618.0 170.0 448.0 564.0 185.0 387.0 267.0 578.0 741.0 3.1 307.0 475.0 310.9 310.0 105.0 15 554.0 515.0 207.0 159.0 437.0 350.0 177.0 450.0 561.0 162.0 96.0 558.0 140.0 418.0 11 062.0 252.0 482.0 441.0 660.0 646.0 1.9 387.0 674.0 185.1 333.0 170.0 926.0 318.0 10.0 131.0 78.0 0.0 389.0 806.0 366.0 2.0 117.0 54.0 0.0 267.0 571.0 450.0 9.0 115.0 508.0 0.0 489.0 396.0 472.0 3.0 93.0 536.0 0.0 292.0 717.0 450.0 23.0 130.0 442.0 0.0 672.0 805.0 537.0 4.0 127.0 458.0 0.0 679.0 890.0 605.0 25.0 171.0 833.0 0.0 256.0 592.0 641.0 50.0 122.0 116.0 0.0 663.0 190.0 622.0 42.0 119.0 137.0 0.0 270.0 108.0 654.0 49.0 116.0 172.0 0.0 117.0 507.0 729.0 73.0 161.0 966.0 0.0 578.0 314.0 064.0 721.0 677.0 11 310.0 11 871.0 14 875.0 16 815.0 17 649.0 19 562.0 22 676.0 ANRSE Canada (En equivalence ´ plein-temps) CITI, Revision ´ 143 31 32 33 34 35 351+352-3522 3522 353+354 355+356 36 37 371 372 38 381 382-3825 3825 3830-3832 3832 3841 3843 3845 3842+3844+3849 385 39 TOTAL MANUFACTURIER Alimentation, boissons et tabac Textiles, habillement et cuir Bois & meubles Papier, imprimerie et edition ´ Produits chimiques Produits chimiques usage indust Produits pharmaceutiques Raffinage petrole ´ et prod petroliers ´ Caoutchouc et ouvrages plastique Produits mineraux ´ non metalliques ´ Metallurgie ´ de base Siderurgie ´ Metaux ´ non ferreux Ouvrages metaux, ´ mach et mat Ouvrages en metaux ´ Machines non electriques ´ Machines de bureau et a` calculer Mach electr ´ sauf Tel ´ ecom ´ Appareils de radio, tel ´ e., ´ Tel ´ ecom ´ Construction navale Vehicules ´ automobiles Construction aeronautique ´ Autres materiels ´ de transport nca Materiel ´ professionnel Autres industries manufacturieres ` 4+5+6+7+8+9 71 72 8324 6+8-8324+9 TOTAL SERVICES ELECTRICITE, GAZ ET EAU CONSTRUCTION Transport et entreposage Communications Serv.commerciaux et d’ingenierie ´ Autres services TOTAL DIRDE 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 17 268.0 511.0 244.0 182.0 494.0 386.0 236.0 492.0 481.0 177.0 114.0 577.0 158.0 419.0 12 533.0 260.0 565.0 650.0 633.0 331.0 1.5 417.0 115.0 152.5 408.0 227.0 18 042.0 475.0 257.0 185.0 529.0 382.0 262.0 518.0 424.0 178.0 120.0 595.0 179.0 416.0 13 296.0 283.0 566.0 796.0 576.0 968.0 1.3 415.0 135.0 125.7 430.0 203.0 18 928.0 518.0 254.0 177.0 583.0 708.0 485.0 665.0 420.0 138.0 126.0 609.0 175.0 434.0 13 755.0 264.0 546.0 067.0 543.0 383.0 0.3 357.0 122.0 27.7 445.0 198.0 19 151.0 486.0 252.0 140.0 504.0 733.0 327.0 846.0 435.0 125.0 112.0 575.0 158.0 417.0 14 170.0 232.0 523.0 270.0 491.0 572.0 0.7 285.0 215.0 67.3 514.0 179.0 19 622.0 468.0 253.0 139.0 504.0 657.0 129.0 964.0 448.0 116.0 77.0 566.0 134.0 432.0 14 779.0 232.0 558.0 345.0 433.0 076.0 0.2 322.0 260.0 21.8 531.0 179.0 19 504.0 408.0 220.0 126.0 408.0 661.0 036.0 101.0 397.0 127.0 96.0 595.0 140.0 455.0 14 802.0 264.0 484.0 517.0 337.0 193.0 0.2 287.0 218.0 19.8 482.0 188.0 20 544.0 427.0 225.0 154.0 424.0 785.0 091.0 248.0 303.0 143.0 96.0 674.0 161.0 513.0 15 529.0 315.0 516.0 430.0 391.0 750.0 0.2 243.0 376.0 18.8 489.0 230.0 21 742.0 450.0 225.0 163.0 488.0 770.0 058.0 299.0 250.0 163.0 96.0 653.0 148.0 505.0 16 634.0 361.0 605.0 442.0 380.0 586.0 0.2 291.0 437.0 17.8 514.0 263.0 22 939.0 459.0 188.0 182.0 502.0 671.0 914.0 385.0 213.0 159.0 78.0 633.0 148.0 485.0 17 905.0 378.0 666.0 618.0 431.0 10 473.0 0.2 361.0 393.0 22.8 562.0 321.0 23 878.0 550.0 200.0 181.0 497.0 687.0 918.0 392.0 192.0 185.0 86.0 544.0 74.0 470.0 18 776.0 511.0 796.0 488.0 494.0 11 270.0 0.3 438.0 093.0 27.7 658.0 357.0 724.0 747.0 48.0 181.0 086.0 0.0 662.0 576.0 769.0 42.0 133.0 024.0 0.0 608.0 999.0 804.0 66.0 130.0 868.0 0.0 131.0 105.0 864.0 75.0 130.0 966.0 0.0 070.0 633.0 964.0 90.0 101.0 904.0 0.0 574.0 10 189.0 898.0 121.0 102.0 203.0 0.0 865.0 12 003.0 884.0 133.0 109.0 382.0 0.0 495.0 13 810.0 894.0 114.0 154.0 185.0 0.0 11 463.0 16 356.0 714.0 157.0 113.0 224.0 0.0 14 148.0 18 260.0 716.0 180.0 108.0 863.0 0.0 16 393.0 25 518.0 27 149.0 28 502.0 28 818.0 29 855.0 30 305.0 33 223.0 36 277.0 40 075.0 43 033.0 Source: OCDE, base de donnees ´ ANRSE (DSTI/Division AES), 1999 www.ebook3000.com ANRSE France (Full-time equivalent) ISIC Revision 144 31 32 33 34 35 351+352-3522 3522 353+354 355+356 36 37 371 372 38 381 382-3825 3825 3830-3832 3832 3841 3843 3845 3842+3844+3849 385 39 TOTAL MANUFACTURING Food, Beverages & Tobacco Textiles, Apparel & Leather Wood Products & Furniture Paper, Paper Products & Printing Chemical Products Chemicals excl Drugs Drugs & Medicines Petroleum Refineries & Products Rubber & Plastic Products Non-Metallic Mineral Products Basic Metal Industries Iron & Steel Non-Ferrous Metals Fabricated Metal Products Metal Products Non-Electrical Machinery Office & Computing Machinery Electric Machin excl Comm Eq Radio, TV & Communication Eq Shipbuilding & Repairing Motor vehicles Aircraft Other Transport Equipment Professional Goods Other Manufacturing, nec 4+5+6+7+8+9 71 72 8324 6+8-8324+9 TOTAL SERVICES ELECTRICITY, GAS & WATER CONSTRUCTION Transport & Storage Communications Commercial & Engin Services Other Services TOTAL BUSINESS ENTERPRISE Source: OECD, ANRSE Database (DSTI/EAS Division), 1999 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 27 004.0 492.0 341.0 47.0 147.0 676.0 552.0 647.0 881.0 596.0 408.0 682.0 423.0 259.0 19 139.0 407.0 159.0 112.0 359.0 225.0 50.0 077.0 209.0 68.0 473.0 72.0 27 884.0 496.0 328.0 42.0 144.0 635.0 488.0 639.0 845.0 663.0 420.0 659.0 405.0 254.0 20 115.0 410.0 122.0 407.0 472.0 547.0 46.0 079.0 513.0 69.0 450.0 45.0 28 554.0 506.0 302.0 44.0 143.0 830.0 644.0 692.0 844.0 650.0 424.0 671.0 399.0 272.0 20 552.0 391.0 317.0 487.0 212.0 795.0 41.0 172.0 562.0 98.0 477.0 82.0 29 217.0 512.0 305.0 53.0 145.0 076.0 738.0 841.0 869.0 628.0 420.0 672.0 407.0 265.0 20 876.0 438.0 361.0 451.0 254.0 341.0 36.0 560.0 842.0 81.0 512.0 158.0 29 751.0 564.0 290.0 64.0 149.0 978.0 594.0 870.0 823.0 691.0 410.0 669.0 420.0 249.0 21 508.0 436.0 356.0 594.0 295.0 613.0 30.0 288.0 280.0 82.0 534.0 119.0 30 588.0 565.0 231.0 73.0 152.0 064.0 575.0 901.0 873.0 715.0 391.0 693.0 429.0 264.0 22 200.0 470.0 325.0 678.0 308.0 237.0 24.0 284.0 247.0 83.0 544.0 219.0 31 819.0 580.0 293.0 78.0 156.0 645.0 846.0 018.0 974.0 807.0 394.0 711.0 441.0 270.0 22 884.0 489.0 530.0 760.0 352.0 361.0 22.0 304.0 362.0 94.0 610.0 77.0 33 930.0 568.0 310.0 74.0 168.0 857.0 865.0 159.0 040.0 793.0 394.0 776.0 484.0 292.0 24 708.0 563.0 653.0 895.0 467.0 167.0 36.0 267.0 867.0 136.0 657.0 75.0 34 832.0 597.0 318.0 71.0 167.0 041.0 933.0 418.0 049.0 641.0 382.0 811.0 531.0 280.0 25 382.0 561.0 638.0 968.0 487.0 509.0 48.0 382.0 975.0 141.0 673.0 63.0 37 703.0 700.0 334.0 84.0 182.0 710.0 290.0 716.0 070.0 634.0 384.0 892.0 569.0 323.0 27 359.0 604.0 711.0 230.0 561.0 10 394.0 57.0 625.0 198.0 228.0 751.0 58.0 39 757.0 762.0 325.0 83.0 196.0 063.0 490.0 864.0 083.0 626.0 415.0 881.0 558.0 323.0 28 962.0 503.0 807.0 654.0 665.0 10 929.0 80.0 578.0 753.0 243.0 750.0 70.0 832.0 389.0 359.0 313.0 771.0 025.0 555.0 346.0 307.0 731.0 86.0 975.0 592.0 310.0 312.0 673.0 88.0 042.0 601.0 292.0 275.0 718.0 156.0 281.0 725.0 289.0 283.0 791.0 193.0 470.0 772.0 310.0 225.0 896.0 267.0 684.0 709.0 305.0 265.0 948.0 457.0 796.0 765.0 308.0 282.0 920.0 521.0 798.0 805.0 284.0 313.0 799.0 597.0 116.0 812.0 339.0 310.0 874.0 781.0 368.0 812.0 399.0 304.0 989.0 864.0 29 433.0 30 331.0 30 952.0 31 697.0 32 489.0 33 530.0 35 095.0 37 366.0 38 269.0 41 515.0 43 863.0 ANRSE France (En equivalence ´ plein-temps) CITI, Revision ´ 145 31 32 33 34 35 351+352-3522 3522 353+354 355+356 36 37 371 372 38 381 382-3825 3825 3830-3832 3832 3841 3843 3845 3842+3844+3849 385 39 TOTAL MANUFACTURIER Alimentation, boissons et tabac Textiles, habillement et cuir Bois & meubles Papier, imprimerie et edition ´ Produits chimiques Produits chimiques usage indust Produits pharmaceutiques Raffinage petrole ´ et prod petroliers ´ Caoutchouc et ouvrages plastique Produits mineraux ´ non metalliques ´ Metallurgie ´ de base Siderurgie ´ Metaux ´ non ferreux Ouvrages metaux, ´ mach et mat Ouvrages en metaux ´ Machines non electriques ´ Machines de bureau et a` calculer Mach electr ´ sauf Tel ´ ecom ´ Appareils de radio, tel ´ e., ´ Tel ´ ecom ´ Construction navale Vehicules ´ automobiles Construction aeronautique ´ Autres materiels ´ de transport nca Materiel ´ professionnel Autres industries manufacturieres ` 4+5+6+7+8+9 71 72 8324 6+8-8324+9 TOTAL SERVICES ELECTRICITE, GAZ ET EAU CONSTRUCTION Transport et entreposage Communications Serv.commerciaux et d’ingenierie ´ Autres services TOTAL DIRDE 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 40 856.0 850.0 332.0 52.0 207.0 687.0 855.0 056.0 167.0 609.0 432.0 878.0 539.0 339.0 29 327.0 524.0 865.0 731.0 756.0 11 253.0 75.0 443.0 756.0 182.0 742.0 92.0 44 018.0 882.0 293.0 53.0 216.0 104.0 065.0 170.0 176.0 693.0 441.0 902.0 562.0 340.0 32 005.0 493.0 988.0 876.0 826.0 13 037.0 39.0 599.0 173.0 187.0 787.0 123.0 45 976.0 026.0 300.0 51.0 218.0 479.0 183.0 384.0 175.0 737.0 454.0 951.0 615.0 336.0 33 381.0 477.0 110.0 859.0 089.0 12 746.0 48.0 820.0 169.0 211.0 852.0 118.0 47 525.0 148.5 282.5 61.8 189.8 850.8 324.5 559.3 128.8 838.3 496.3 093.0 701.5 391.5 34 272.5 427.3 173.8 575.5 179.5 14 108.0 50.3 218.5 670.8 215.8 653.3 130.0 49 900.0 196.0 260.0 64.0 185.0 10 361.0 451.0 916.0 099.0 895.0 530.0 147.0 743.0 404.0 36 051.0 581.0 465.0 688.0 301.0 14 675.0 48.0 491.0 956.0 183.0 663.0 106.0 51 767.9 236.0 348.7 77.3 196.5 10 710.0 677.4 982.9 140.8 909.0 653.4 245.6 812.3 433.3 37 188.2 617.6 553.5 710.3 420.4 15 299.1 64.8 537.0 980.8 272.5 732.3 112.2 54 464.0 271.0 402.0 62.0 238.0 11 016.0 969.9 232.1 820.0 994.0 714.0 298.0 970.0 328.0 39 221.0 909.0 642.0 362.0 375.0 15 991.6 79.0 456.0 516.0 125.0 765.4 240.0 55 822.1 469.6 444.7 90.9 268.0 11 383.8 076.5 322.8 901.5 083.0 727.3 274.2 895.8 378.4 39 811.8 203.6 680.3 054.3 573.9 16 035.8 81.0 773.6 407.4 234.4 767.5 352.1 55 857.3 336.2 511.9 64.0 314.5 11 854.8 280.8 496.7 881.2 196.2 736.5 110.3 830.7 279.6 39 543.6 099.9 347.2 523.1 423.4 16 472.8 94.9 448.0 029.4 316.6 788.4 385.5 55 744.0 345.7 480.0 80.7 258.1 12 021.8 303.9 516.4 938.0 263.5 737.6 133.6 795.2 338.5 39 299.1 179.0 271.9 258.4 521.0 16 536.3 56.1 867.9 496.9 320.2 791.5 387.4 738.0 849.0 375.0 253.0 056.0 206.0 278.0 926.0 415.0 281.0 893.0 763.0 075.0 881.0 485.0 267.0 007.0 435.0 047.0 876.3 537.8 313.0 294.8 024.8 356.0 867.0 590.0 237.0 216.0 445.0 157.1 963.5 656.3 261.0 485.5 790.9 065.0 141.0 630.0 114.0 459.0 721.0 541.0 187.6 645.7 303.3 390.9 013.5 678.9 186.7 607.7 479.9 402.5 002.1 782.5 235.0 699.1 538.6 508.9 801.0 45 403.0 49 157.0 51 842.0 54 351.8 57 030.0 59 594.2 64 688.0 66 455.0 66 713.7 66 617.9 Source: OCDE, base de donnees ´ ANRSE (DSTI/Division AES), 1999 www.ebook3000.com ANRSE West Germany (Full-time equivalent) ISIC Revision 146 31 32 33 34 35 351+352-3522 3522 353+354 355+356 36 37 371 372 38 381 382-3825 3825 3830-3832 3832 3841 3843 3845 3842+3844+3849 385 39 TOTAL MANUFACTURING Food, Beverages & Tobacco Textiles, Apparel & Leather Wood Products & Furniture Paper, Paper Products & Printing Chemical Products Chemicals excl Drugs Drugs & Medicines Petroleum Refineries & Products Rubber & Plastic Products Non-Metallic Mineral Products Basic Metal Industries Iron & Steel Non-Ferrous Metals Fabricated Metal Products Metal Products Non-Electrical Machinery Office & Computing Machinery Electric Machin excl Comm Eq Radio, TV & Communication Eq Shipbuilding & Repairing Motor vehicles Aircraft Other Transport Equipment Professional Goods Other Manufacturing, nec 4+5+6+7+8+9 71 72 8324 6+8-8324+9 TOTAL SERVICES ELECTRICITY, GAS & WATER CONSTRUCTION Transport & Storage Communications Commercial & Engin Services Other Services TOTAL BUSINESS ENTERPRISE Source: OECD, ANRSE Database (DSTI/EAS Division), 1999 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 58 156.0 443.0 331.0 23.0 163.0 10 505.0 850.2 734.8 281.0 639.0 526.0 376.0 860.0 516.0 44 788.0 281.0 489.9 218.1 670.2 15 535.8 63.0 634.0 406.0 2.0 488.0 1.0 59 998.0 452.0 284.0 21.0 150.0 11 548.9 763.3 858.6 262.0 665.0 518.0 273.0 810.0 463.0 45 749.0 383.0 347.0 511.0 628.3 15 468.7 68.0 852.0 988.0 66.0 437.0 2.0 62 672.0 470.0 282.0 30.0 148.0 12 513.0 10 551.0 978.0 233.0 751.0 515.0 194.0 800.0 394.0 47 518.0 602.0 415.0 876.0 581.1 15 392.9 105.0 221.0 815.0 113.0 397.0 2.0 66 542.0 530.0 395.0 62.0 182.0 12 535.0 818.0 678.0 210.0 829.0 557.0 223.0 844.0 379.0 51 029.0 950.0 773.0 637.0 10 074.5 16 185.5 136.0 891.0 890.0 79.0 413.0 29.0 70 075.0 604.0 494.0 93.0 218.0 12 144.0 531.0 493.0 213.0 907.0 619.0 290.0 905.0 385.0 54 555.0 251.0 11 090.0 607.0 10 490.0 16 853.0 159.0 533.0 074.0 27.0 471.0 59.0 72 124.0 665.0 451.0 100.0 219.0 12 219.0 666.0 292.0 260.0 001.0 674.0 318.0 945.0 373.0 56 405.0 336.0 11 195.0 821.0 10 350.0 17 885.0 176.0 821.0 244.0 22.0 555.0 73.0 73 528.0 707.0 370.0 102.0 215.0 12 573.0 336.0 859.0 307.0 071.0 714.0 337.0 970.0 367.0 57 435.0 344.0 10 849.0 086.0 11 305.0 17 692.0 189.0 034.0 271.0 52.0 613.0 76.0 75 059.0 726.0 357.0 119.0 232.0 12 797.0 427.0 984.0 307.0 079.0 729.0 370.0 986.0 384.0 58 658.0 418.0 10 923.0 212.0 11 186.0 18 508.0 197.0 475.0 040.0 105.0 594.0 72.0 77 782.0 742.0 373.0 150.0 255.0 13 042.0 409.0 233.0 298.0 102.0 747.0 426.0 015.0 411.0 60 977.0 547.0 11 380.0 333.0 11 001.0 19 946.0 227.0 959.0 865.0 149.0 570.0 72.0 82 633.0 774.0 379.0 194.0 272.0 13 358.0 695.0 130.0 317.0 216.0 798.0 520.0 084.0 436.0 65 252.0 732.0 12 243.0 589.0 11 772.0 21 483.0 310.0 284.0 080.0 147.0 612.0 86.0 88 981.0 813.0 388.0 233.0 274.0 13 813.0 984.0 128.0 344.0 357.0 861.0 580.0 131.0 449.0 70 912.0 881.0 13 048.0 929.0 13 105.0 23 377.0 355.0 882.0 490.0 130.0 715.0 108.0 670.0 260.0 204.0 962.0 62.0 182.0 680.3 634.0 448.0 222.0 689.0 750.0 525.0 599.7 575.0 475.0 353.0 624.0 046.8 124.0 548.8 630.0 259.0 424.0 621.0 234.0 93.0 917.1 254.0 342.0 452.0 793.0 326.0 343.0 484.7 644.0 433.0 411.0 945.0 534.0 321.0 61 591.0 63 534.6 66 223.0 69 996.5 73 521.0 75 562.0 77 017.0 78 812.2 81 867.0 86 988.3 93 546.0 ANRSE Allemagne de l’Ouest (En equivalence ´ plein-temps) CITI, Revision ´ 147 31 32 33 34 35 351+352-3522 3522 353+354 355+356 36 37 371 372 38 381 382-3825 3825 3830-3832 3832 3841 3843 3845 3842+3844+3849 385 39 TOTAL MANUFACTURIER Alimentation, boissons et tabac Textiles, habillement et cuir Bois & meubles Papier, imprimerie et edition ´ Produits chimiques Produits chimiques usage indust Produits pharmaceutiques Raffinage petrole ´ et prod petroliers ´ Caoutchouc et ouvrages plastique Produits mineraux ´ non metalliques ´ Metallurgie ´ de base Siderurgie ´ Metaux ´ non ferreux Ouvrages metaux, ´ mach et mat Ouvrages en metaux ´ Machines non electriques ´ Machines de bureau et a` calculer Mach electr ´ sauf Tel ´ ecom ´ Appareils de radio, tel ´ e., ´ Tel ´ ecom ´ Construction navale Vehicules ´ automobiles Construction aeronautique ´ Autres materiels ´ de transport nca Materiel ´ professionnel Autres industries manufacturieres ` 4+5+6+7+8+9 71 72 8324 6+8-8324+9 TOTAL SERVICES ELECTRICITE, GAZ ET EAU CONSTRUCTION Transport et entreposage Communications Serv.commerciaux et d’ingenierie ´ Autres services TOTAL DIRDE 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 96 117.0 851.0 405.0 248.0 251.0 14 478.0 024.0 637.0 358.0 459.0 916.0 538.0 096.0 442.0 77 299.0 898.0 13 294.0 327.0 14 813.0 25 637.0 274.0 10 150.0 902.0 132.0 872.0 131.0 102 275.0 866.0 420.0 247.0 224.0 15 074.0 969.0 212.0 360.0 533.0 957.0 436.0 018.0 418.0 82 908.0 910.0 13 339.0 700.0 15 671.0 27 936.0 162.0 11 489.0 516.0 139.0 046.0 144.0 105 645.0 837.0 422.0 236.0 218.0 15 292.0 951.0 405.0 349.0 587.0 979.0 315.0 936.0 379.0 86 212.0 044.0 13 544.0 919.0 14 355.0 30 093.0 115.0 12 289.0 517.0 140.0 196.0 134.0 108 014.0 766.0 412.0 214.0 228.0 15 464.0 008.0 513.0 324.0 619.0 982.0 168.0 843.0 325.0 88 677.0 279.0 13 779.0 472.0 13 577.0 30 460.0 116.0 12 657.0 872.0 137.0 328.0 104.0 111 605.0 782.0 507.0 329.0 254.0 16 000.0 175.0 816.0 329.0 680.0 094.0 213.0 896.0 317.0 91 349.0 533.0 13 926.0 814.0 16 004.0 27 541.0 94.0 13 844.0 822.0 248.0 523.0 77.0 114 141.0 784.0 589.0 404.0 262.0 16 253.0 173.0 030.0 335.0 715.0 166.0 237.0 926.0 311.0 93 388.0 627.0 13 840.0 035.0 18 780.0 24 363.0 104.0 15 097.0 562.0 337.0 643.0 58.0 113 565.0 721.0 608.0 349.0 229.0 15 621.0 718.0 883.0 334.0 686.0 118.0 150.0 858.0 292.0 93 716.0 396.0 13 363.0 216.0 19 018.0 24 043.0 190.0 16 161.0 405.0 338.0 586.0 53.0 110 169.0 599.0 567.0 171.0 156.0 14 199.0 854.0 424.0 327.0 594.0 955.0 960.0 699.0 261.0 92 499.0 843.0 12 515.0 511.0 17 242.0 26 055.0 351.0 17 071.0 297.0 256.0 358.0 63.0 770.3 914.0 387.0 477.0 125.0 716.0 208.0 134.1 422.0 379.0 456.0 157.0 014.0 416.0 176.9 961.0 357.0 435.0 788.0 381.0 000.8 274.0 352.0 335.0 861.0 726.0 100 734.0 107 113.0 111 218.0 113 247.0 116 588.0 118 831.0 118 254.0 114 958.0 Source: OCDE, base de donnees ´ ANRSE (DSTI/Division AES), 1999 www.ebook3000.com ANRSE Allemagne (En equivalence ´ plein-temps) CITI, Revision ´ 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 148 31 32 33 34 35 351+352-3522 3522 353+354 355+356 36 37 371 372 38 381 382-3825 3825 3830-3832 3832 3841 3843 3845 3842+3844+3849 385 39 TOTAL MANUFACTURIER Alimentation, boissons et tabac Textiles, habillement et cuir Bois & meubles Papier, imprimerie et edition ´ Produits chimiques Produits chimiques usage indust Produits pharmaceutiques Raffinage petrole ´ et prod petroliers ´ Caoutchouc et ouvrages plastique Produits mineraux ´ non metalliques ´ Metallurgie ´ de base Siderurgie ´ Metaux ´ non ferreux Ouvrages metaux, ´ mach et mat Ouvrages en metaux ´ Machines non electriques ´ Machines de bureau et a` calculer Mach electr ´ sauf Tel ´ ecom ´ Appareils de radio, tel ´ e., ´ Tel ´ ecom ´ Construction navale Vehicules ´ automobiles Construction aeronautique ´ Autres materiels ´ de transport nca Materiel ´ professionnel Autres industries manufacturieres ` 132 326.0 879.0 811.0 992.0 328.0 19 365.0 11 646.0 238.0 448.0 033.0 743.0 565.0 216.0 349.0 105 449.0 349.0 19 180.0 453.0 20 480.0 26 081.0 353.0 15 480.0 575.0 187.0 311.0 196.0 126 638.6 792.6 297.4 655.7 244.4 17 519.3 10 316.5 039.1 214.4 949.3 442.2 319.1 983.5 335.6 103 223.1 864.2 17 408.4 080.5 19 451.3 26 977.2 414.5 16 404.8 422.6 974.3 225.3 145.3 121 706.0 715.0 828.0 348.0 168.0 15 863.0 118.0 868.0 0.0 877.0 169.0 096.0 772.0 324.0 101 419.0 425.0 15 820.0 757.0 18 551.0 27 865.0 472.0 17 294.0 300.0 781.0 154.0 99.0 120 759.0 004.0 908.0 558.0 352.0 15 301.0 682.0 129.0 255.0 235.0 310.0 975.0 613.0 362.0 100 057.0 986.0 19 113.0 076.0 11 439.0 17 204.0 579.0 20 642.0 387.0 213.0 13 418.0 294.0 4+5+6+7+8+9 71 72 8324 6+8-8324+9 TOTAL SERVICES ELECTRICITE, GAZ ET EAU CONSTRUCTION Transport et entreposage Communications Serv.commerciaux et d’ingenierie ´ Autres services 745.0 210.0 618.0 885.0 071.1 793.8 561.5 997.8 470.0 415.0 511.0 103.0 161.0 418.0 457.0 334.0 TOTAL DIRDE 141 084.0 134 600.0 128 956.0 129 370.0 Note: Rupture de serie ´ en 1995 Source: OCDE, base de donnees ´ ANRSE (DSTI/Division AES), 1999 ANRSE Italy (Full-time equivalent) ISIC Revision 149 31 32 33 34 35 351+352-3522 3522 353+354 355+356 36 37 371 372 38 381 382-3825 3825 3830-3832 3832 3841 3843 3845 3842+3844+3849 385 39 TOTAL MANUFACTURING Food, Beverages & Tobacco Textiles, Apparel & Leather Wood Products & Furniture Paper, Paper Products & Printing Chemical Products Chemicals excl Drugs Drugs & Medicines Petroleum Refineries & Products Rubber & Plastic Products Non-Metallic Mineral Products Basic Metal Industries Iron & Steel Non-Ferrous Metals Fabricated Metal Products Metal Products Non-Electrical Machinery Office & Computing Machinery Electric Machin excl Comm Eq Radio, TV & Communication Eq Shipbuilding & Repairing Motor vehicles Aircraft Other Transport Equipment Professional Goods Other Manufacturing, nec 4+5+6+7+8+9 71 72 8324 6+8-8324+9 TOTAL SERVICES ELECTRICITY, GAS & WATER CONSTRUCTION Transport & Storage Communications Commercial & Engin Services Other Services TOTAL BUSINESS ENTERPRISE 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 11 793.0 174.6 16.3 49.0 011.9 607.5 950.0 186.8 267.5 64.3 291.0 152.1 138.9 789.3 350.2 433.9 987.3 201.1 816.8 23.1 11 612.0 161.5 16.2 54.2 007.3 584.5 968.9 185.0 268.9 62.4 261.7 128.8 132.9 980.5 474.3 482.5 998.3 263.7 761.6 22.8 12 211.0 146.5 16.9 60.5 167.9 705.6 970.4 235.7 256.2 59.4 333.0 173.2 159.8 657.2 584.1 529.8 843.5 630.2 069.8 23.9 13 604.0 161.8 17.4 58.0 499.7 778.7 122.4 328.2 270.3 68.5 351.8 192.9 158.9 562.3 577.3 596.2 178.9 013.3 196.6 26.7 14 851.0 180.0 17.2 1.0 55.6 735.7 753.5 280.3 415.6 286.2 78.9 353.9 204.3 149.7 399.3 0.0 540.0 892.9 688.6 505.9 52.6 954.6 325.7 0.0 438.9 29.1 14 606.7 187.0 14.3 0.0 58.6 428.8 292.9 393.1 451.7 291.1 85.9 349.7 205.2 144.5 453.8 0.0 482.1 133.9 897.4 313.8 61.6 847.9 157.2 0.0 559.9 28.6 15 689.7 206.4 13.5 5.0 38.4 949.1 165.5 920.7 518.6 344.3 98.5 476.1 211.6 264.5 871.9 0.0 699.0 328.6 002.9 227.7 42.5 983.2 243.6 0.0 344.3 30.7 16 843.0 238.0 15.0 7.0 25.0 693.0 398.0 709.0 182.0 404.0 68.0 488.0 311.0 177.0 10 276.0 85.0 010.0 410.0 366.0 194.0 108.0 119.0 353.0 215.0 416.0 33.0 18 334.0 232.0 16.0 9.0 18.0 417.0 232.0 655.0 198.0 332.0 92.0 531.0 344.0 187.0 11 986.0 94.0 140.0 458.0 577.0 759.0 179.0 662.0 550.0 167.0 400.0 33.0 20 125.0 219.0 21.0 4.0 25.0 398.0 183.0 676.0 110.0 429.0 79.0 481.0 311.6 169.4 13 872.0 173.0 250.0 093.0 694.0 665.0 61.0 925.0 422.0 182.0 407.0 26.0 21 970.0 276.0 39.0 13.0 32.0 994.0 647.0 743.0 148.0 456.0 124.0 420.0 272.1 147.9 15 061.0 230.0 735.0 308.0 156.0 593.0 189.0 892.0 333.0 196.0 429.0 11.0 835.0 366.0 422.0 94.0 953.0 891.0 353.0 456.0 89.0 993.0 039.0 400.0 487.0 5.0 83.0 047.0 17.0 755.4 414.0 382.0 434.0 0.0 81.0 516.0 1.0 276.0 424.0 247.0 4.0 73.0 527.0 1.0 697.0 432.0 308.0 5.0 148.0 789.0 15.0 614.0 461.0 50.0 5.0 131.0 964.0 3.0 565.0 458.0 87.0 6.0 133.0 880.0 1.0 731.0 414.0 98.0 6.0 139.0 920.0 154.0 401.0 437.0 87.0 9.0 141.0 389.0 338.0 13 652.0 13 553.0 14 279.0 16 431.1 18 352.0 17 952.0 19 456.0 19 534.0 20 973.0 22 923.0 24 458.0 Source: OECD, ANRSE Database (DSTI/EAS Division), 1999 www.ebook3000.com ANRSE Italie (En equivalence ´ plein-temps) CITI, Revision ´ 150 31 32 33 34 35 351+352-3522 3522 353+354 355+356 36 37 371 372 38 381 382-3825 3825 3830-3832 3832 3841 3843 3845 3842+3844+3849 385 39 TOTAL MANUFACTURIER Alimentation, boissons et tabac Textiles, habillement et cuir Bois & meubles Papier, imprimerie et edition ´ Produits chimiques Produits chimiques usage indust Produits pharmaceutiques Raffinage petrole ´ et prod petroliers ´ Caoutchouc et ouvrages plastique Produits mineraux ´ non metalliques ´ Metallurgie ´ de base Siderurgie ´ Metaux ´ non ferreux Ouvrages metaux, ´ mach et mat Ouvrages en metaux ´ Machines non electriques ´ Machines de bureau et a` calculer Mach electr ´ sauf Tel ´ ecom ´ Appareils de radio, tel ´ e., ´ Tel ´ ecom ´ Construction navale Vehicules ´ automobiles Construction aeronautique ´ Autres materiels ´ de transport nca Materiel ´ professionnel Autres industries manufacturieres ` 4+5+6+7+8+9 71 72 8324 6+8-8324+9 TOTAL SERVICES ELECTRICITE, GAZ ET EAU CONSTRUCTION Transport et entreposage Communications Serv.commerciaux et d’ingenierie ´ Autres services TOTAL DIRDE 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 23 886.0 295.0 56.0 15.0 33.0 215.0 851.0 679.0 198.0 487.0 108.0 446.0 333.0 113.0 16 703.0 208.0 910.0 948.0 333.0 822.0 201.0 958.0 417.0 232.0 674.0 15.0 25 047.0 321.0 45.0 16.0 11.0 384.0 860.0 867.0 271.0 386.0 106.0 437.0 330.0 107.0 17 708.0 261.0 958.0 928.0 753.0 020.0 194.0 988.0 811.0 236.0 559.0 19.0 26 988.0 338.0 39.0 17.0 8.0 982.0 129.0 107.0 320.0 426.0 106.0 499.0 373.0 126.0 18 981.0 252.0 310.0 933.0 029.0 274.0 134.0 185.0 042.0 326.0 496.0 18.0 27 275.0 276.0 51.0 26.0 11.0 970.0 857.0 302.0 317.0 494.0 148.0 458.0 332.0 126.0 19 316.0 458.0 253.0 224.0 123.0 656.0 108.0 807.0 018.0 176.0 493.0 19.0 28 084.0 370.0 68.0 17.0 9.0 086.0 877.0 263.0 371.0 575.0 121.0 519.0 335.0 184.0 19 851.0 381.0 435.0 326.0 770.0 841.0 111.0 971.0 186.0 296.0 534.0 43.0 26 356.0 264.0 56.0 10.0 6.0 947.0 203.0 991.0 357.0 396.0 130.0 436.0 286.0 150.0 19 422.0 380.0 974.0 338.0 186.0 925.0 132.0 714.0 090.0 205.0 478.0 85.0 25 002.0 287.0 40.0 5.0 3.0 680.0 981.0 902.0 401.0 396.0 129.0 348.0 282.0 66.0 18 423.0 227.0 777.0 539.0 016.0 271.0 182.0 695.0 996.0 221.0 499.0 87.0 23 668.0 298.0 30.0 8.0 10.0 380.0 899.0 721.0 383.0 377.0 126.0 318.0 263.0 55.0 17 457.0 221.0 456.0 299.0 799.0 749.0 163.0 573.0 546.0 225.0 426.0 41.0 24 136.0 308.0 88.0 16.0 22.0 234.0 836.0 818.0 205.0 375.0 121.0 278.0 245.0 33.0 18 022.0 321.0 379.0 110.0 331.0 754.0 218.0 967.0 552.0 123.0 267.0 47.0 22 854.0 304.0 98.0 15.0 33.0 872.0 652.0 629.0 194.0 397.0 109.0 248.0 198.0 50.0 17 125.0 312.0 083.0 510.0 287.0 786.0 248.0 019.0 981.0 150.0 749.0 50.0 515.0 426.0 93.0 13.0 190.0 361.0 432.0 619.0 460.0 98.0 13.0 131.0 402.0 515.0 831.0 457.0 113.0 14.0 143.0 426.0 678.0 154.0 481.0 114.0 2.0 113.0 548.0 896.0 389.0 507.0 51.0 1.0 114.0 902.0 814.0 221.0 491.0 18.0 0.0 232.0 782.0 698.0 475.0 495.0 12.0 0.0 283.0 843.0 842.0 264.0 463.0 15.0 16.0 308.0 345.0 117.0 092.0 475.0 32.0 35.0 251.0 333.0 966.0 250.0 451.0 33.0 38.0 281.0 309.0 138.0 26 496.0 27 767.0 29 900.0 30 517.0 31 530.0 29 577.0 28 479.0 27 932.0 28 228.0 27 104.0 Source: OCDE, base de donnees ´ ANRSE (DSTI/Division AES), 1999 ANRSE United Kingdom (Full-time equivalent) ISIC Revision 151 31 32 33 34 35 351+352-3522 3522 353+354 355+356 36 37 371 372 38 381 382-3825 3825 3830-3832 3832 3841 3843 3845 3842+3844+3849 385 39 TOTAL MANUFACTURING Food, Beverages & Tobacco Textiles, Apparel & Leather Wood Products & Furniture Paper, Paper Products & Printing Chemical Products Chemicals excl Drugs Drugs & Medicines Petroleum Refineries & Products Rubber & Plastic Products Non-Metallic Mineral Products Basic Metal Industries Iron & Steel Non-Ferrous Metals Fabricated Metal Products Metal Products Non-Electrical Machinery Office & Computing Machinery Electric Machin excl Comm Eq Radio, TV & Communication Eq Shipbuilding & Repairing Motor vehicles Aircraft Other Transport Equipment Professional Goods Other Manufacturing, nec 4+5+6+7+8+9 71 72 8324 6+8-8324+9 TOTAL SERVICES ELECTRICITY, GAS & WATER CONSTRUCTION Transport & Storage Communications Commercial & Engin Services Other Services TOTAL BUSINESS ENTERPRISE 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 55 389.0 205.0 349.0 88.0 560.0 11 882.0 857.0 859.0 623.0 543.0 131.0 916.0 466.0 450.0 35 741.7 626.0 274.0 000.0 532.0 10 532.0 741.0 816.5 729.0 232.1 259.0 516.3 56 857.0 282.0 292.0 90.0 577.0 12 172.0 956.0 096.0 595.0 525.0 034.0 904.0 434.0 470.0 36 774.2 618.0 247.0 090.0 448.0 11 056.0 688.0 807.1 338.0 243.2 239.0 731.8 58 758.0 268.0 159.0 90.0 578.0 12 232.0 941.0 191.0 606.0 494.0 954.0 869.0 374.0 495.0 38 691.1 635.0 143.0 384.0 327.0 12 580.0 566.0 618.2 922.0 242.9 273.0 916.9 61 516.0 246.0 981.0 92.0 569.0 12 192.0 808.0 264.0 611.0 509.0 885.0 801.0 278.0 523.0 41 763.8 693.0 213.0 090.0 123.0 15 311.0 445.0 440.7 943.0 237.2 268.0 986.2 65 160.0 234.0 756.0 97.0 541.0 12 067.0 542.0 342.0 593.0 590.0 820.0 684.0 138.0 546.0 46 095.4 800.0 530.0 916.0 775.0 19 404.0 348.0 320.1 578.0 224.2 200.0 865.6 69 164.0 217.0 522.0 102.0 512.0 11 935.0 203.0 457.0 566.0 709.0 790.0 538.0 985.0 553.0 50 880.7 922.0 983.0 153.0 522.0 23 889.0 275.0 290.7 10 548.0 212.0 086.0 667.3 71 762.0 156.0 387.0 105.0 483.0 12 019.0 982.0 693.0 570.0 774.0 774.0 439.0 911.0 528.0 53 903.5 964.0 253.0 814.0 094.0 26 014.0 210.0 428.3 10 947.0 210.2 969.0 495.5 72 931.0 062.0 337.0 105.0 453.0 12 293.0 882.0 027.0 597.0 787.0 770.0 380.0 903.0 477.0 55 158.0 934.0 342.0 920.0 310.0 26 059.0 0.0 693.2 10 823.0 217.8 859.0 373.0 73 358.0 953.0 348.0 103.0 426.0 12 711.0 878.0 429.0 639.0 765.0 777.0 352.0 941.0 411.0 55 385.3 857.0 300.0 242.0 910.0 24 688.0 0.0 043.4 10 350.0 232.9 762.0 303.7 73 635.0 857.0 379.0 101.0 411.0 13 196.0 952.0 836.0 678.0 730.0 787.0 330.0 983.0 347.0 55 290.3 769.0 176.0 907.0 354.0 22 917.0 0.0 386.0 831.0 250.2 700.0 284.7 73 900.0 800.0 400.0 100.0 400.0 13 700.0 100.0 200.0 700.0 700.0 800.0 300.0 000.0 300.0 55 115.3 700.0 000.0 500.0 200.0 21 600.0 0.0 650.8 500.0 264.4 700.0 284.7 267.0 690.0 324.0 452.0 256.0 21.0 524.0 337.0 447.0 336.0 746.0 322.0 423.0 200.0 25.0 620.0 927.0 387.0 166.0 332.0 530.0 481.0 103.0 0.0 720.0 244.0 543.0 978.0 500.0 400.0 61 655.0 63 288.0 65 423.0 68 077.0 71 302.0 74 609.0 76 780.0 78 122.0 78 993.0 79 579.0 80 900.0 Source: OECD, ANRSE Database (DSTI/EAS Division), 1999 www.ebook3000.com ANRSE Royaume-Uni (En equivalence ´ plein-temps) CITI, Revision ´ 152 31 32 33 34 35 351+352-3522 3522 353+354 355+356 36 37 371 372 38 381 382-3825 3825 3830-3832 3832 3841 3843 3845 3842+3844+3849 385 39 TOTAL MANUFACTURIER Alimentation, boissons et tabac Textiles, habillement et cuir Bois & meubles Papier, imprimerie et edition ´ Produits chimiques Produits chimiques usage indust Produits pharmaceutiques Raffinage petrole ´ et prod petroliers ´ Caoutchouc et ouvrages plastique Produits mineraux ´ non metalliques ´ Metallurgie ´ de base Siderurgie ´ Metaux ´ non ferreux Ouvrages metaux, ´ mach et mat Ouvrages en metaux ´ Machines non electriques ´ Machines de bureau et a` calculer Mach electr ´ sauf Tel ´ ecom ´ Appareils de radio, tel ´ e., ´ Tel ´ ecom ´ Construction navale Vehicules ´ automobiles Construction aeronautique ´ Autres materiels ´ de transport nca Materiel ´ professionnel Autres industries manufacturieres ` 4+5+6+7+8+9 71 72 8324 6+8-8324+9 TOTAL SERVICES ELECTRICITE, GAZ ET EAU CONSTRUCTION Transport et entreposage Communications Serv.commerciaux et d’ingenierie ´ Autres services TOTAL DIRDE 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 75 830.0 823.5 418.8 102.2 398.4 14 532.8 471.6 656.5 717.1 687.5 840.8 287.2 009.3 277.9 56 087.0 664.0 840.1 272.4 553.6 21 192.4 0.0 929.6 567.0 282.3 785.6 339.4 76 210.0 885.8 417.5 102.4 400.5 15 127.8 874.9 901.0 688.5 663.4 867.1 236.5 953.5 283.0 55 729.5 643.3 473.6 047.5 598.5 20 997.0 0.0 960.2 741.3 289.5 978.5 443.0 78 320.0 006.9 423.5 104.6 413.2 16 099.8 480.8 297.6 667.9 653.4 913.4 209.5 909.2 300.3 56 579.0 642.0 147.0 036.9 563.3 21 387.3 0.0 075.7 10 199.2 302.5 225.1 570.1 75 200.0 000.0 400.0 100.0 400.0 16 000.0 600.0 200.0 600.0 600.0 900.0 100.0 800.0 300.0 53 635.6 500.0 700.0 500.0 000.0 20 400.0 0.0 840.7 10 000.0 294.9 400.0 664.4 72 029.6 829.2 407.5 89.5 357.7 16 152.1 507.4 530.8 522.4 591.5 752.3 028.8 776.6 252.3 50 819.8 577.5 442.3 844.5 456.2 18 648.0 23.7 144.8 178.3 291.9 212.6 592.6 68 658.9 654.3 416.9 78.8 313.7 16 353.1 398.7 920.0 445.2 589.3 593.5 966.2 765.9 200.3 47 817.9 680.7 207.3 084.1 030.3 16 846.9 49.8 226.9 321.6 290.3 080.1 464.4 65 401.0 517.2 419.6 68.6 272.1 16 572.1 271.2 339.9 369.9 591.1 437.4 916.8 768.6 148.2 44 866.2 791.1 980.0 297.7 639.9 15 041.1 75.8 317.6 516.0 291.6 915.3 330.9 62 400.0 500.0 400.0 60.6 239.4 16 800.0 100.0 800.0 300.0 600.0 300.0 900.0 800.0 100.0 42 000.0 900.0 755.7 527.3 251.4 13 265.6 100.0 400.0 900.0 300.0 600.0 200.0 62 900.0 000.0 100.0 80.0 320.0 17 200.0 400.0 800.0 300.0 700.0 400.0 300.0 200.0 100.0 40 400.0 000.0 578.7 969.9 923.5 11 927.9 100.0 400.0 700.0 400.0 400.0 100.0 62 831.0 893.0 471.0 127.2 508.8 17 062.0 633.4 536.0 297.6 595.0 723.0 805.0 674.0 131.0 41 082.0 315.0 621.9 106.0 003.6 12 254.5 29.0 832.0 055.0 258.0 607.0 159.0 61 606.0 852.0 356.0 140.8 563.2 17 382.0 196.8 10 294.0 303.2 588.0 768.0 672.0 557.0 115.0 39 696.0 277.0 550.9 882.4 872.0 11 717.7 90.0 252.0 135.0 413.0 506.0 176.0 390.0 220.0 250.0 700.0 400.0 12 039.6 15 763.5 19 476.4 22 800.0 21 300.0 19 994.0 345.0 139.0 203.0 393.0 18 241.0 164.0 151.0 92.0 740.0 87 000.0 87 000.0 89 000.0 85 100.0 83 000.0 80 000.0 82 000.0 86 200.0 85 200.0 82 825.0 79 847.0 Source: OCDE, base de donnees ´ ANRSE (DSTI/Division AES), 1999 OECD PUBLICATIONS, 2, rue Andre-Pascal, ´ 75775 PARIS CEDEX 16 PRINTED IN FRANCE (70 1999 01 P) ISBN 92-64-05845-1 – No 50610 1999 www.ebook3000.com ... S RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT IN INDUSTRY EXPENDITURE AND RESEARCHERS, SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEERS 1976- 1997 RECHERCHE ET DÉVELOPPEMENT DANS L’INDUSTRIE DÉPENSES ET CHERCHEURS, SCIENTIFIQUES ET INGÉNIEURS... researchers, scientists and engineers (RSE) maintained by the OECD: the Analytical Business Enterprise Research and Development database (ANBERD); and the Analytical Researchers, Scientists and Engineers... excluding drugs Drugs and medicines Petroleum refineries and products Rubber and plastic products 36 Non-metallic mineral products 37 371 372 Basic metal industries Iron and steel Non-ferrous metals

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