The thesis was undertaken to build a scientific basis for the solution of agricultural development towards sustainability in the Red River Delta in Vietnam.
1 INTRODUCTION 1. Overview of the thesis Sustainable development is a common trend that mankind are working towards, is an important strategic goal that the Party, Government and people of Vietnam are determined to do. Therefore, sustainable development and agricultural development towards sustainability are a topic to be brought to exchange much discussion in many workshops, an issue that a lot of domestic and foreign scientists are interested in researching The works "Agricultural development towards sustainability in the Red River Delta" is been interested in studying and cherished by the author during the learning, working and participating in teaching process; this is a significant issue in both theory and practice in our country in the current period Works focus research in the Red River Delta, one of the centers of political, economic, is the second largest granary of the country, have an important role in ensuring food security of the country. On this basis, author clearer interpretation basics of rural sustainable way, contributing to the successful implementation of the sustainable development strategy in Vietnam Works presented include the introduction, overview of research issues with three chapters (nine periods). Content addressing basic theoretical issues of rural development towards sustainability in a territory; experience towards sustainable rural development in the country; status and solutions towards sustainable rural development in the Red River Delta. These issues are interpreted in the works; on one hand they are the successor to selectively some views of academics, work at home and abroad, on the other hand they are the effort of the author under the direction of Assoc. Prof., Dr. Bui Ngoc Quynh and consultation with local scientists The result of the study, the authors wanted to contribute my small effort to solve one of the current pressing problems in the Red River Delta, where the author has had many years to live and learn 2. Reasons for choosing the thesis topic Sustainable development has become requires objective necessity for all countries in the world today. In Vietnam, one year development perspective XI Congress identified in the strategy of economic development society period 2010 2020 is "agile development associated with sustainable development, sustainable development is needs throughout the strategy" That shows that sustainable development becomes required, while the development objectives of all sectors and all areas in our country today, RRD is not out of this general trend In recent years, particularly since a resolution in the Eleventh Party Congress, the local RRD has many guidelines and measures rapidly developing economic sectors, including towards sustainable rural development. The growth rate of agriculture is gradually rising continuously for many years Agricultural development has been accompanied by the effective exploitation of natural resources, reducing pollution, associated with the settlement of social issues such as employment, economic restructuring, improve life citizens However, reality shows that agricultural development in RRD is not really solid, no longterm strategy. The criteria towards sustainable rural development have not achieved such as low quality of growth; exploitation of natural resources in service in many local Rural ineffectively, even affecting the environment; Agricultural development is not really tied to solving social problems. From the current situation of agricultural development in RRD showed that many issues that need to be resolved. How to develop rural towards sustainability in the Red River Delta is the "concern" needed solution? Therefore, the study clarified the issue: "Agricultural development towards sustainability in the Red River Delta" with urgency on both the theory and practice 3. Research purpose and task * Research purpose: The thesis was undertaken to build a scientific basis for the solution of agricultural development towards sustainability in the Red River Delta in Vietnam * Task: Brief general theory of agriculture, rural development and sustainable development Analysis clarify reasoning towards sustainable rural development; building central concept of the subject and the evaluation criteria towards sustainable rural development. Research experience towards sustainable development and sustainable rural development of some countries in the world, from which to draw some lessons for the Red River Delta, Vietnam Surveying and assessing the situation towards sustainable rural development in the Red River Delta, Vietnam in the current period. Only the cause and the Rural Issues in a sustainable way in the Red River Delta Propose basic views and main measures towards sustainable rural development in the Red River Delta, Vietnam 4. Research object and scope Research object: The object of the dissertation research is the development of sustainable agriculture in the direction Research scope: About content: Research thesis approaches the development of sustainable agriculture in the Perspective of Political Economics About space: the dissertation research and development towards sustainable agriculture on a specific location in the Red River Delta is Vietnam with 11 provinces and cities About time: Dissertation study period from 2004 to present (the figures given focusing on the period from 2008 to 2014) Propose solutions for sustainable rural development in the direction of Vietnam Red River Delta by 2020 and Vision 2030 5. Theoretical, practical basis and research method Theoretical basis: The dissertation research is based on theoretical basis of Marxism Leninism and Ho Chi Minh ideology; the modern economic theory of rural and sustainable development for analysis and interpretation in the direction of sustainable rural development in the Red River Delta Practical basis: The thesis is based on a factual basis for sustainable rural development in the direction of some countries in the world and RRD for research, survey and assessing the situation towards sustainable rural development in the Red River Delta Research method Thesis using general method is the method of dialectical materialism and historical materialism; methods of analysis, synthesis, statistics, comparisons and expert methods Combining qualitative methods and quantitative methods to compare a control facility, indicating the nature issues convincing. Applying these methods help researchers approach, research and analysis of issues in relation to the general and the mutual impact of the development process ensure the scientific basis and objective of research problems Specific method is the method of scientific abstraction, as the basis for the deployment of specialized studies political economy. This method helps fellows rid of random factors occurring during the study to find out what the most common issues, focusing deeply on the nature of the relationship, to study sustainable 6. New contributions of the thesis Clarify and supplement some theoretical issues and new concepts, the factors and criteria towards sustainable rural development Essential lessons towards sustainable rural development for Vietnam Red River Delta from the experience of some countries in the world To appreciate the situation and propose perspectives and solutions primarily aimed towards sustainable rural development in the Red River Delta 7. Theoretical, practical meanings of the thesis The research results of the thesis complement the theoretical and practical experience in the development of sustainable agriculture in the direction of the Red River Delta. The thesis can make reference in teaching, learning some subjects content block economic activity, the environment and some other related subjects. Also, scientists are suggestions to help managers build policies and implement effective solutions towards sustainable rural development in Vietnam's Red River Delta 8. Structure of the thesis The thesis includes an introduction, an overview of the research issue, three chapters, periods, conclusion, list of scientific papers related to the thesis of the author, lists of references and appendices OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH SITUATION RELATED TO THE THESIS TOPIC 1. Foreign researches related to the topic * The typical works related to sustainable development These include the following research projects: John Blewitt in "Learning about sustainable development". Brundtland Report in 1987, the Earth Summit 1992 in Rio de Janiero, 1997 (Rio + 5), Peter P. Rogers, and John A. Kazi Jalal F. Boyd coauthor of the book "Introduction to sustainable development ". Simon Bell and Stephen Morse in "Qualitative indicators of sustainable development". Simon Dresner in "The principles of sustainable development". The book "Sustainable world definitions and indicators for sustainable development" by Thaddeus C. Trzyna. Dalal Clayton and Stephen Bass is coauthor of the book "Sustainable Development Strategy" * The works related to aspects of agricultural development towards sustainability Mohamed Benassi, Shabbir A Shahid, in his book "Sustainable Agricultural Development" Dinesh Kumar, MVK Sivamohan, Nitin Bassi coauthor of the book "Water management, food security and sustainable agriculture in the developing economies." The authors Bellon, Stephane, Penvern, Servane write the book "Organic Farming, models for sustainable agriculture." Abdul Malik, Grohmann, Elisabeth is the author of "Strategic environmental protection for sustainable development". The authors Bouman, Jansen, Schipper, H Hengsdijk, A. Nieuwenhuyse wrote the book "approach to developing systems for sustainable agriculture" Furusawa Koyu author wrote the book "Towards a social civilization and sustainability: ecological civilization perspective from Japanese society." 2. Domestic researches related to the topic * The typical works related to the Red River Delta Ha Huy Thanh as the head of the project "Some key measures to raise awareness about the environment by farmers to develop sustainable ecological agriculture in the northern delta region in 20112020" Nguyen Trong Xuan chairs the theme "Scientific foundations contributing to adjust the strategy development of the Red River delta sustainability principle Author Vu Thi Hoai Thu researches "Sustainable Livelihoods coastal areas of the Red River Delta in the context of climate change: Case study in Nam Dinh province." Do Duc Quan Chairman of the topic "Sustainable Rural Development North Delta during the construction and development of industrial parks: Reality and Solutions" * The typical projects related to agricultural development and sustainable development Luu Bach Dung editor of the book "The institutional framework for sustainable development some Southeast Asian countries and lessons for Vietnam" Ha Huy Thanh, Nguyen Ngoc Khanh coauthored the book "Sustainable Development: from concept to action" Author Nguyen Minh Thu "Study on statistical evaluation of sustainable development in Vietnam". Pham Xuan Nam wrote "The philosophy developed in Vietnam a few key issues." Author Bui Duc Hung "Some basics on Sustainable Development South Central Coast." Dinh Van An author wrote the book "The concept and practice of economic development society faster, sustainable and high quality in Vietnam" Nguyen Dinh Hoe author of "Environment and sustainable development" VIE/01/021 project "Supporting the development and implementation of Agenda 21 countries of Vietnam" Government of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam "Strategic Orientation for Sustainable Development in Vietnam" Author Le Anh Vu Chairman of the ministeriallevel project "Effects of economic growth to sustainable development of society in the northern coastal province period 2012 2020 and vision to 2030" Nguyen Ngoc Khanh wrote the book "The basic problem of the environment and sustainable development of Central region in 20112020" * The works related to the size and quality of growth in agriculture Ngo Thi Tuyet Mai editor of the book "Sustainable development of agricultural products of Vietnam exported in the current conditions" Pham Thi Khanh author wrote the book "To restructure the economy towards sustainable development in Vietnam" Nguyen Duc Khien author of the book "Man and sustainable development issues in Vietnam". Via eleven chapters, the author replied to the question what to do for the Agenda to become a reality? * The researches related to environmental and social aspects in agricultural development Truong Quang Hoc write the book "Vietnam natural environment and sustainable development" Author Pham Binh Quyen edits the curriculum "agricultural ecosystems and sustainable development" Truong Quang Hoc author of "Environmental protection and sustainable development in Vietnam" Ministry of Natural Resources and the Environment "Environmental Report 2010 National". Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment "report assessing the current state of economic development social and environmental issues in order to build environmental protection projects key economic region of Tonkin. Author Nguyen Thanh Hai with the research "Agricultural development midland provinces in northern Vietnam in a sustainable way." Generalizing results of the published scientific works and issues that the thesis focuses on solving We can say the authors at home and abroad have been many studies on the angle and the range of different approaches. Although the works have various object and scope of studies, most of them have scientific approach, quite successfully, to avoid duplication and mold However, due to the scope of the study, most of the major research projects on sustainable development in general; Research the position and role, the necessity of sustainable development, build content and criteria for sustainable development Some work has clarified the relationship with the field of sustainable development of economic life, other societies. While there are some studies on RRD, reflecting some aspect of the object and scope of the thesis research but did not go into specific research in the field of agriculture. On the other hand, not have any projects focused on the economic territory as RRD important in terms of political Economics. There is no works that mention the views and solutions towards sustainable rural development in the Red River Delta. The projects focus on the three pillars of sustainable development in economic, environmental and social. No one works to address the issue of sustainability into social and sustainable development combined with the consolidation of defense security, contribute to building a solid defense area So the question should continue to solve, is the contribution of the dissertation without overlapping with research projects have been published Chapter 1 AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT TOWARDS SUSTAINABILITY THEORETICAL ISSUES AND INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE 1.1 General theory of agriculture and agricultural development 1.1.1. Agriculture * Concept on agriculture In the historical development of human society, production agriculture is historically the oldest development. So agriculture is often referred to as a traditional economic sector, have an important role, to produce food, feed people food, as raw materials for industry and for export goods. Today, science and technology development, people applying machinery to replace labor and invented many other products. However, there are not any professions that could provide food and substitutes for agriculture. Human society grows, the needs of people increasing the role of agriculture has been confirmed. Now there are many different conceptions of agriculture, but fundamental research is consistent with the concept: Agriculture is the basic material production of society, in the narrow sense includes crop and livestock production, understood in a broad sense, including agriculture, forestry and fisheries * The role of agriculture Agriculture has an important role in providing food, food for human consumption, guaranteed source of raw materials for industry, services and involved in exporting. At the same time, agriculture is the largest consumer market of industrial products and services. Agriculture directly involved in maintaining the ecological balance, protect natural resources and the environment. Agriculture is the area 10 provides abundant human resources for other areas of social activities, contributing an important role building a solid defense area * Features of agriculture From practical agricultural development, studies show that agriculture has the following characteristics: Agricultural production is seasonal high; Land is the main means of production in agriculture; object of agricultural production is a living organism, plant and animal; Agricultural production is conducted in large areas, regional crisp and direct impact to economic stability society 1.1.2. Agricultural development Agricultural development is understood as the process of change of agriculture in this period compared with the previous periods and often achieved at a higher level in terms of both quality and quantity. Agricultural development is a material production with output stability, diversity of types, suitable structure, better adapted organizations and institutions, to better satisfy the needs of people related to agriculture 1.2. Agricultural development towards sustainability: concepts, criteria and factors that influence 1.2.1 The concept of agricultural development towards sustainability In recent years, some research work on the concept of rural development in a sustainable way, such as: Organization of food and agriculture of the United Nations (FAO) to discuss sustainable rural development (1992) definition: sustainable agricultural development is the management and conservation, change organizational practices and techniques ensuring satisfy the growing needs of people both for the present and future generations. Such development of agriculture (including forestry and fishery) will ensure no damage to the environment, resource degradation, appropriate techniques and technology, economic efficiency and be socially acceptable According to the Technical Committee of FAO, sustainable agriculture involves the effective management of resources to meet 13 Israel. Agriculture can be said Israel was positive support from scientists, agricultural produce qualified high technology 1.3.1.3. The experience of Japan After World War II, Japan advocated restoring agricultural production in a sustainable way by promoting intensive processing, enhancing the value of agricultural products; building cooperatives on the basis of the village community; build organic agriculture. Featuring the Japanese agricultural farms formed on the basis of the village, the family created the strong links in the production 1.3.1.4. Experience of Thailand Thailand is a country with natural conditions similar to Vietnam. To Rural Thailand towards sustainability policy advocates use permit agricultural support; application of advanced science and technology in agricultural production; Urban Development green agriculture, agricultural development associated with the development of tourism and other service sectors 1.3.1.5. Experience of China China implemented a national program for agricultural development towards sustainability and rural development towards modernization. The three programs are the Chinese government put out: Program flame, harvest program, program to help the poor. Simultaneously, the government actively addresses social issues in agricultural development 1.3.2 Lessons on agricultural development towards sustainability for the Red River delta Vietnam Research achievements and experience Rural Rural sustainable way some countries of the world, see the panorama that the country has achieved. If Israel's agriculture exemplary model of farming in natural conditions are unfavorable; the success of Netherlands agriculture is based on comparative advantages; Japanese agriculture took the trouble of internal resources and agriculture in Thailand, China is overcome ourselves. Look at the experience of other countries can draw some lessons following: First of all, it should uphold the human factor in agriculture development towards sustainability Man has always been an important factor is the motivation and the main resource for agricultural development towards sustainability Therefore, 14 strengthen education to raise awareness of the whole population, turning awareness into concrete action to implement strategies towards sustainable rural development Developing a sustainable agriculture in association with the protection of environmental sustainability Medicines and plant protection chemicals is often highly toxic, so the downside of plant protection products is very harmful to public health and is an object of high risk of environmental pollutants Ecological So resolve harmonize agricultural production with the protection of public health and the environment is a major challenge for rural development in a sustainable way The application of science and technology in agriculture, to enhance the productivity and efficiency of production Agricultural success of the multicountry study on the great role of scientists as they create products of good quality fruit, high yield, are the practical lessons for Rural Development towards sustainability in our country today Coordinate linkages between stakeholders in agricultural production in a sustainable way. More noteworthy is the lesson link in the (State, Scientist Property Management Consultants and Farmers) of country Israel Enhance the role of State management for agricultural development towards sustainability The experience of other countries would be useful lessons for developing agriculture RRD towards sustainability Chapter 2 ACTUAL SITUATION OF AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT TOWARDS SUSTAINABILITY IN THE RED RIVER DELTA 2.1. An overview of the location, natural conditions, economic social and mechanisms and policies affecting agricultural development towards sustainability in the Red River Delta 2.1.1. Geographical location of the Red River Delta RRD is the center of politics, economy, culture and science and technology in the country. Currently and in the future, RRD has special strategic position all important economic, political and 15 defense security Therefore, agricultural development towards sustainability in RRD create spillovers to the territory of the country 2.1.2. Natural conditions, economic of the social impact of agricultural development towards sustainability * Natural condition RRD frequently silt by the river system of the Red River and the Pacific, creating a fertile land, vast. Agricultural land area of the region is about 70 thousand hectares, accounting for 56% of the natural area In particular, the fertile soils of moderate and above 70%, especially in the area surrounding urban areas, big cities, industrial areas generate high economic value per unit of area * Economic conditions The economic structure of RRD includes industrial, agricultural and service With 22% of the national population, in 2010 the region contributed 26.6% 87 410 billion in GDP. Currently, the structure of the industry have changed slightly the downside value of agriculture, forestry, fisheries, manufacturing valueadded industries and services * Social conditions Red River Delta region has the perfect infrastructure in the country, high population density, about 22% of the population of the country. Hanoi is the center of the Red River with synchronous communication system capable of connecting with the region across the country. Hai Phong port city and the coastal port in the region is an important gateway for merchandise trade with agricultural markets in the world 2.1.3. Mechanisms and policies for agricultural development of the Red River delta towards sustainability * General mechanism policy Decision No 153/2004 / QDTTg dated 17/08/2004 of the Prime Minister promulgating the Strategic Orientation for Sustainable Development in Vietnam (Agenda 21 of Vietnam) Decision No 124 / QDTTg, dated 02 May 02 2012 by the Prime Minister, to approve the master plan on development of agricultural production by 2020 and vision for 2030 16 Decision No 432 / QDTTg of the Prime Minister, dated 12/4/2012 Vietnam Sustainable Development Strategy for the period 20112020 Decision No. 1206 / QDTTg dated 02/9/2012 of the Prime Minister, on the approval of the national target program on pollution and environmental improvement period 20122015 Decision No 899 / QDTTg dated 06/10/2013 of the Prime Minister, to approve the scheme restructuring the agricultural sector towards higher added value and sustainable development Decision No 575 / QDTTg dated 05/04/2014, the Prime Minister, on the approval and the overall planning area and agricultural area hightech applications to 2020 and orientations to 2030 The privacy policy of the Red River Delta Decision No 191/2006 / QDTTg of August 17, 2006, promulgating the action program of the Government to implement Resolution No 54NQ / TW September 14, 2005 of the Political Bureau economic development ensuring social and defense RRD security until 2010 and orientations to 2020 Decision No. 795 / QDTTg of the Prime Minister dated 23 May 05 2013 on approving the master plan on economic development society RRD 2020 Decision No 228 / QDTTg on Plan implementation Conclusion 13KL / TW October 28, 2011 of the Politburo on the continued implementation of Resolution No 54NQ / TW September 14 2005 of the Politburo on economic development society and ensuring national defense and security RRD 2010 and orientations to 2020 Decision No 1554 / QDTTg on "Irrigation approve the planning stage RRD from 2012 to 2020 and orientations towards 2050 in the context of climate change and sea level rise." 2.2. Assessment of the status of agricultural development towards sustainability in the Red River Delta 2.2.1. The sides achieved mainly in agricultural development towards sustainability in the Red River Delta 17 2.2.1.1 The trend of economic restructuring in agriculture increasingly more relevant in the economic structure of the region, contributing significantly to the economic development of regions and provinces in the country Restructuring agriculture increasingly more relevant in it. The structure within the agricultural sector more positive changes. Structure of distribution territories increasingly reasonable. Structure of economic sectors are increasingly diverse Years ago, RRD food crops is essential, but the current structure is quite diverse agriculture including crop, livestock and fisheries. Currently, the provinces in the region are striving to reduce the proportion of cultivation and increase livestock and fisheries, the private sector, reduce the proportion of arable food crops, increasing the proportion of cash crops and food crops 2.2.1.2. Agricultural production in the region has stable growth, the quality of growth is increasingly solid, important contributions to the growth of the national agriculture Productivity and agricultural value increase rapidly, contributing significantly to the economic growth of the country and for export. Cultivation, breeding industry gradually developed towards commercial production. The forestry sector is the growth in the agricultural structure. The fisheries sector is being encouraged industry development Figure 2.1. Compare production and area over the years of RRD 2.2.1.3 Agricultural development in a sustainable way and contribute to ensuring food security and improving the material life, the spirit of the people in the region 18 Agricultural growth contributes to increased capital accumulation in the household Agricultural development towards sustainability in RRD played an important role in creating jobs and improving the lives of the People The poverty rate of poor households dropped significantly. Investment in health and education is increasing. The quality of human resources is increasingly being raised. Thanks to agricultural development in a sustainable way that infrastructure systems increasingly more uniform Figure 2.2. Spending on health care, education at the average RRD 1 year 2.2.1.4. Rural environment is increasingly interested Rural Environment gradually interested protect, recover and grow. The water quality of major rivers in the area are good. The activities of domestic waste collection in many local areas of interest. Environmental quality in the area of agricultural production, the air environment significantly improved. The forest area is increasing and the dramatic changes the structure of forest types: forest conservation, environmental protection and the biosphere, forest critical headwater and coastal, forest ecosystem restoration The water quality of major rivers in the region, such as the Red River, Duong, Thai Binh river, is generally good. The activities of domestic waste collection in many local areas of interest Environmental quality in the area of agricultural production, the air environment significantly improved 2.2.2 Limitations in the development of sustainable agriculture towards the Red River Delta 19 Agricultural production is still fragmented, small, slow innovation, application and transfer and application of scientific achievements 100% 80% D ưới 0.2 60% 0.2 đ ến 0.5 40% 0.5 đ ến 20% đ ến 0% C ả n ước ĐBSH TDMNPB TN ĐNB ĐBSCL Trên Figure 2.3. The structure of farming land use RRD 2011 2.3 The cause of the limitations and problems posed in agricultural development in a sustainable way in the Red River Delta Besides these achievements, agriculture RRD emerging growth unsustainable. To Rural sustainable manner, it should be pointed out limitations, which analysts find the underlying causes, producing thrust for development 2.3.1. The cause of the restriction * Subjective reasons A division insufficient awareness about the requirements towards sustainable rural development, leading to policies proposed are not feasible. The policy, legal mechanisms and policies towards sustainable rural development is not consistent, not comprehensive and lacks longterm planning. Developing and implementing plans of all levels in some localities have not really effective * Objective reasons Agriculture RRD low base, fragmented farming, retail, agricultural production is backward, the process was slow innovation. Agricultural development towards sustainability in RRD influenced the course of climate change 2.3.2. The problems posed by the current situation of agricultural development towards sustainability in the Red River delta Vietnam 20 First, the need to resolve the contradiction between the policy towards sustainable rural development with insufficient awareness of the forces in the direction of sustainable rural development in the current RRD Because, issue decisions to the success or failure of sustainable rural development in the direction of first posed RRD is to raise awareness of the people and the forces involved Second, resolve conflicts between high requirements on the synchronous collaboration, comprehensive development stakeholders in agriculture towards sustainability with the lack and uniformity of system mechanisms and operating policies and coordination among various forces and local Solve problems necessarily need the coordination of these agencies in the proposed guidelines, policies and development planning agricultural areas reasonable, accurate forecasts on the market for farming guide. Coordinating entity based mechanism system, policies logical operator between the local forces Third, to solve the contradiction between increasing requirements in terms of productivity, quality of agricultural products and agricultural land is declining, production status fragmented, small scale and quality of human resources not satisfied agricultural production needs. First it is necessary to apply modern production methods, especially synchronous application of irrigation problems, mechanization, electrification, chemical and biological properties of chemicals in the manufacturing process. To do this, the construction of infrastructure, engineering and land concentration, developing farms decisive role Fourth, to resolve conflicts between the increasing demand for quality agricultural products with the ability to ensure safety of agricultural products and ensuring environmental sustainability It is guaranteed the purity of air, water, land, geographical space and landscape. The quality of these factors should always be taken seriously and evaluated regularly inspected according to prescribed standards Fifth, the need to resolve the conflict between the agricultural restructuring to solve social problems and build a strong defense sector The policy of our Party is, every step of economic development associated with the gradual strengthening of defense security and build solid defense sector Chapter 3 21 OPINIONS AND MAJOR SOLUTIONS TO PROMOTE AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT TOWARDS SUSTAINABILITY IN THE RED RIVER DELTA 3.1. Forecasting the international context and the impact on developing country agriculture towards sustainability in the Red River Delta 3.1.1. Forecast International Context, 2030 The trend of globalization and international economic integration deeper Scientific revolution and modern technology is going strong strong impact towards sustainable rural development 3.1.2. Domestic Context Sustainable development and sustainable rural development in the Party and State's special attention Vietnam has gained remarkable achievements. However, there are many challenges that exist or arise, a stable macro economy unstable. Vietnam is predicted to be one of the 5 countries in the world most heavily affected by climate change 3.2 Viewpoint agricultural development towards sustainability in the Red River Delta 3.2.1. Agricultural development in a sustainable way in the Red River Delta to be implemented synchronously, consistent with the specific goal clear in each period Firstly, the agricultural development towards sustainability in RRD must be implemented simultaneously Second, guidelines and policies consistent, appropriate to the situation and characteristics of the region. Third, implement the strategic objectives on the surface but in sync with focus, focus, according to the roadmap, appropriate steps. Initially, focus on building a legal framework and regulations, guidelines and institutions have to take one step forward 3.2.2. Agricultural development in a sustainable way in the Red River delta is both urgent and longterm mission Viewpoints on the need to implement the basic requirements such as identifying the correct position, the role and importance in the direction of sustainable rural development, from which there is in an expeditious and timely manner of all sectors, at all levels and the 22 whole society with the highest determination Recognizing Rural sustainable way not only for today but also for tomorrow. The future generations will pay dearly if now we are irresponsible with their jobs 3.2.3. Agricultural development in a sustainable way in the Red River Delta region must be linked to the development of human resources, technological innovation and manufacturing management Abundant human resources, there is also the advantage degree of RRD compared to other regions across the country Firstly, priority RRD development of human resources a step ahead In particular, the development of human resources in both physical, mental and moral qualities and experience of the employees live, build a team of highquality human resources medium pink, medium specialized, skilled in agriculture and ethically sustainable farming 3.2.4. Agricultural development in a sustainable way in the Red River delta must be based on powerful innovation model of agricultural production First, the system should improve the policy, legal basis oriented towards sustainable rural development Second, capacity planning, forecasting, monitoring of climate change in order to promote production efficiency, the prevention of natural disasters, storms, floods Third, promote research, transfer and application of science and technology Focus resources to invest in research, addressing the urgent issues important service towards the goal of sustainable rural development 3.2.5. Agricultural development in a sustainable way in the Red River Delta is the responsibility of the political system and the entire people of the region First, leadership capacity building of institutions, social organizations in the region. Second, to promote the role of farmers participating towards sustainable rural development Third, mobilizing the participation, in the mass organizations of the implementation of the strategy towards sustainable rural development 23 3.3 Solutions primarily agricultural development towards sustainability in the Red River Delta 3.3.1. Group general solution Raising awareness of stakeholders in the development process toward sustainable agriculture in the Red River Delta Completing the legal basis, policy synchronization system, consistent with agricultural development in a sustainable way in the Red River delta One, finishing farmland policy Second, quality management policies and safety of agricultural products. Thirdly, innovation and gradually improved planning Fourth, policies to support credit and technical science Linking the provinces (cities) within and outside the region contribute to the development of sustainable agriculture in the direction associated with the regional regional construction firm defense Agricultural development towards sustainability is always connected with the requirements of security and defense security and build solid defense sector 3.3.2 Group solutions to improve productivity, quality and efficiency of agricultural development towards sustainability in the Red River Delta Restructuring of agriculture to improve productivity, quality and efficiency of agricultural development towards sustainability. Firstly, economic restructuring towards sustainable agriculture generate steady growth Second, the economic restructuring in agriculture ensure environmental sustainability on the basis of economical use and efficiency of resources. Third, the restructuring of agriculture contributes to social stability, improve people's lives Promote the transfer and application of scientific and technical achievements and agricultural production towards environmental friendliness. First, increased investment in research in the field of agriculture. Second, the reorganization of the system of research, technology transfer in agriculture and farmers Thirdly, strengthening and capacity building centers of applied research, production and transfer of science and technology of agriculture. Fourth, the combination link 5: State scientists consultants entrepreneurs and farmers. Fifth, implement state management in the field of manufacturing 24 Enhance the training, attracting human resources to serve agricultural development towards sustainability in the Red River delta. First, complete the training policies of human resources, aims to train skilled farmers. Second, continued innovation policy mechanism using human resources in the field of agriculture Development of agricultural markets, promote international integration in agriculture. First, the development of agricultural markets. Second, promote international integration in agriculture In the immediate future, to boost production of commodities that RRD has high competitiveness on the international market such as rice, meat, poultry, poultry, aquatic products, vegetables, fruits, silk. At the same time, promoting regional advantages, there is a strategic branding is entitled to agricultural products in the region become a strong brand 3.3.3. Group solutions to ensure environmentally sustainable development in agriculture in the Red River Delta Maintaining agricultural biodiversity First, investigate, determine the areas with natural ecosystems important, sensitive, vulnerable, degraded to plan protection and restoration as riparian, coastal and forest Development of sustainable agriculture in the direction associated with the conservation and development of natural resources. To overcome these limitations need to find ways to use resources efficiently: Firstly, the use of rational, sustainable and antidegradation of land resources Second, develop and implement environmental projects and sustainable use of water resources. Thirdly, protection of primary forests, afforestation accelerate forest cover area Thoroughly treat waste products emitted from agricultural activities Promote national target program on the development of biogas, accompanied by policies to support credit to households and breeding base for construction of biogas plants Replication of livestock waste Planting perennials and trees, fertilizing the right time helps to better absorption 3.3.4 Group solutions to ensure social sustainability of agricultural development in the Red River Delta To create more jobs, improve income workers. Upgrading of the farmers so that they can receive the agricultural model of high technology. Initially, implementation of the forms of intercropping, crop raising, arable combine shortterm crops with perennial plants. 25 In the long term, restructuring crops and livestock suitable to the soil and the needs of consumers' tastes Develop synchronized economic infrastructure social service of agricultural development towards sustainability Which should focus on the content: First, develop service infrastructure development towards sustainable agriculture Second, build infrastructure, rural cultural institutions Third, improve health services, improving the quality of health care community Continue to promote the alleviation of poverty, improving the material and spiritual life for farmers. Thereby, the farmers really benefit the fruits of labor CONCLUSION Agricultural development towards sustainability in RRD's objective requirements is a major policy of the Party and State. The Red River Delta is the rice bowl of the country Monday, has positioned key role contributing to economic development stable social and national food security. Therefore, in Red River Delta Rural become urgent demands, as necessary direction simultaneously imbued with profound humanism contribute greatly to the implementation of the strategy of sustainable development in our country at present stage Goals of agricultural development in a sustainable way in the RRD maintain growth and a higher quality of agricultural products, limiting the negative impact on the environment, build social stability, improving the lives of farmers. The criteria for assessing the Rural Development towards sustainability include criteria for assessing the sustainability of efficient economic restructuring towards sustainable agriculture (indicators measuring the economic structure of agriculture by industry, regions and economic sectors), the sustainability criteria of economic, environmental and social RRD can learn the lessons of successful experience in rural development in a sustainable way from the developed countries such 26 as Japan, the Netherlands, Israel, and developing countries like China, Thailand, that is: should uphold human factors in agricultural development towards sustainability, because man is the deciding factor of the production process. Agricultural development towards sustainability must be linked to sustainable protection of the environment. Also for Sustainable Rural Development towards the Red River Delta provinces should quickly apply science and technology to agriculture. Coordinate linkages between stakeholders in agricultural production, and enhancing the role of State management, aims to fully implement its commitments in the strategy of sustainable development in Vietnam Years ago, the pressure of increasing agricultural production and environmental issues in society RRD not paid adequate attention. In recent years, RRD has been promoting rural development in a sustainable way The agricultural structure more appropriate, contribute to improving the productivity and value of agricultural products. Agricultural production in the region has stable growth, the quality of growth is increasingly solid, important contributions to the growth of the country; rural environment is increasingly interested. Social issues have positive changes, people's living standards rising However, the sustainability of rural development in the Red River Delta is not really clear. To compare with the strategic goal of sustainable development in some aspects not achieved, the economic restructuring of the industry itself is slow, the quality of growth tends to reduce some recent years. In particular the issues of job creation, preserve the ecological environment seriously affected. Environmental pollution in many parts of the region, pesticide residues in agricultural existence has become a matter of social alarm, serious impact on the health of consumers Meanwhile, economic institutions in the region is not complete, the scientific level, technology and quality service human resources towards 27 sustainable rural development is limited, requiring local governments in the region should quickly timely quick solutions To ensure sustainable rural development in the direction of the current RRD should grasp the advantages and difficulties affecting the process towards sustainable rural development. Firmly views, on that basis implement solutions synchronize groups, which should focus on raising awareness of the subject, completing the regulatory environment, strengthen regional links, enhance sustainable yield, quality and efficiency of agricultural production associated with environmental protection and ecological solve social problems ... 2.2. Assessment of the status of agricultural development towards sustainability in the Red River Delta 2.2.1. The sides achieved mainly in agricultural development towards sustainability in the Red River Delta 17 2.2.1.1 The trend of... AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT TOWARDS SUSTAINABILITY IN THE RED RIVER DELTA 3.1. Forecasting the international context and the impact on developing country agriculture towards sustainability in the Red River Delta 3.1.1. Forecast International Context, 2030... climate change 3.2 Viewpoint agricultural development towards sustainability in the Red River Delta 3.2.1. Agricultural development in a sustainable way in the Red River Delta to be implemented synchronously, consistent with