The thesis aims at studying the theoretical and practical basis of state management on general education; On which applying to the study of state management on private high school education in Ho Chi Minh city; researching, assessing status and proposing solutions to continue improving the state management of private high school education in Ho Chi Minh City
MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING MINISTRY OF HOME AFFAIRS NATIONAL ACADEMY OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION LE VAN KHOA STATE MANAGEMENT ON PRIVATE HIGH SCHOOL EDUCATION IN HO CHI MINH CITY Major: Public Management Code: 9.34.04.03 ABSTRACT OF DOCTORAL THESIS ON PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION HA NOI - 2019 The works have been completed at: NATIONAL ACADEMY OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Supervisors: Associ.Prof.Dr Nguyen Trong Dieu Associ.Prof.Dr Nguyen Xuan Te Reviewer 1: Reviewer 2: Reviewer 3: The Thesis was defended before the Academy-level Thesis Assessment Council Address: ……… National Academy of Public Administration No.: 77 – Nguyen Chi Thanh road, Dong Da district, Hanoi city Time: ……… The Thesis is available for reference at the National Library of Vietnam or the National Academy of Public Administration’s Library FOREWORDS Rationale Education and training takes important role for the development of each person and the socio-economic development of each nation In the national education, general education (GE) is a foundation for university, college and professional secondary education It means that GE not only prepares students for further study but also provides the society with a qualified human resource General education takes a great position and importance for the education sector in particular as well as for the national economy in general, especially in the period when high quality workforce is demanded increasingly in many countries, serving the requirements of industrialization and modernization In the global economy of the fiercely competitive free market, a high quality well-trained workforce is a vital element of a national economy to attract foreign investment and to provide the country with jobs and wealth The Resolution No 90/CP dated 21/8/1997 by the Government regarding direction and guidelines for socialization activities of education, health and culture; the Decree No 73/1999/ND-CP dated 19/8/1999 regarding socialization activities for education, health, culture and sport; the Decree No 115/2010/ND-CP dated 24/12/2010 stipulating the state management responsibility for education is a legal corridor that facilitates the implementation of educational socialization in order to gradually raise the level of educational enjoyment corresponding to the material and spiritual development of people Ho Chi Minh City is a major economic center of the country, has been being a very active center in the development in all aspects, including education The advanced school model, in consistent with the trend of regional and international integration, piloted at Le Quy Don High School, Nguyen Du High School and Nguyen Hien High School is a breakthrough of Ho Chi Minh City where the integration trend is inevitable with early orientation This model has increasingly affirmed its effectiveness, been approved by the City's leaders and is expected to be implemented massively in the coming time In addition to the obtained outcomes, there are also many shortcomings, limitations in the management and development of private high school education in the city Therefore, systematically studying a private high school education system in the city, proposing solutions to continue improving state management that facilitates this type of education to develop stably are essential For these reasons, the topic of State management on private high school education in Ho Chi Minh city is chosen is the Doctoral Thesis on Public Management, a significant topic both on theory and practice for Ho Chi Minh city in particular and for national education in general Objectives and tasks of study 2.1 Objectives of study The thesis aims at studying the theoretical and practical basis of state management on general education; On which applying to the study of state management on private high school education in Ho Chi Minh city; researching, assessing status and proposing solutions to continue improving the state management of private high school education in Ho Chi Minh City 2.2 Tasks of study - Overview studies related to the Thesis topic; comment and indicate gaps in State management on private high school education in Ho Chi Minh city; - Research scientific basis of state management on general education - Study actual situation of private high school education in Ho Chi Minh city - Assess the state management on private high school education in Ho Chi Minh City over the past time - Analyze direction and propose solutions to improve the state management on private high school education in Ho Chi Minh city Object and scope of study 3.1 Object of study Object of study in the thesis is the state management activities regarding private high school education in Ho Chi Minh City 3.2 Scope of study - For content: The thesis studies the scientific basis of state management of general education; On which it focuses on studying the actual situation of state management on private high school education in Ho Chi Minh City in accordance with the law - For space: Ho Chi Minh area - For time: From 2005 to 2016 (since the Government adopted the Resolution No.05/2005/NQ-CP on strengthening socialization for education, health, culture and sport sectors) Methodology and method of study 4.1 Methodology The Thesis is studied basing on the method of dialectical materialism and historical materialism of Marxism-Leninism; Ho Chi Minh ideology and viewpoints of the Communist Party of Vietnam in state management on education and training in the renovation period 4.2 Method of study In order to realize the objectives and tasks of the topic, the author uses the following methods of study: information and documents collection method; document analysis method; synthesis method; comparison method; professional method; observation method; method of sociological survey by questionnaires; processing information method Questions and hypothesis of study 5.1 Questions of study - In the trend of global integration, is the policy of educational socialization in order to attract all social resources to participate in general education development an inevitable trend of the market mechanism in Vietnam in general and TP Ho Chi Minh in particular? - Which outcomes and shortcomings were made in State management on general education and private high school education in Ho Chi Minh city? - Which solutions are needed for improving State management on general education and private high school education in Ho Chi Minh city in order to achieve the objective of general education development in renovation and integration period of the City ? 5.2 Hypothesis of study Educational socialization is a major policy of the Party and State of Vietnam during the period of international integration State management on private high school education in Ho Chi Minh City in the past time has achieved great outcomes, contributing to well implementing the goal of training human resources for industrialization and modernization of the City Besides, there are still shortcomings to be clarified regarding private high school education in the City In order to form solutions for state management on private upper secondary education in Ho Chi Minh City, it is necessary to study the current situation and factors affecting state management on private high school education in Ho Chi Minh city On the basis of assessing state management on private high school education; it is also to propose solutions to further improve state management on private high school education in Ho Chi Minh City, meeting the requirements of socio-economic development of the country and the City Theoretical and practical significance of the Thesis 6.1 Theoretical significance In the Thesis, general studies and supplemented scientific basis for State management on general education and private high school education; application in State management on private high school education in Ho Chi Minh city are provided 6.2 Practical significance + Analyze and assess actual situation of State management on general education and private high school education in Ho Chi Minh city + Analyze direction and propose solutions for improving State management on private high school education in Ho Chi Minh city New findings of the Thesis - It reviews foreign and domestic studies in State management on private high school education; application in State management on private high school education in Ho Chi Minh city - Analyze and supplement theoretical and practical basis on State management on general education - Study and clarify factors affecting State management on private high school education in Ho Chi Minh city - Analyze, assess actual situation of State management on private high school education in Ho Chi Minh city - Determine direction and propose solutions for State management on private high school education in Ho Chi Minh city The Thesis’s structure In addition to the Forewords, Conclusion, List of References and annexes, the Thesis’s structure is divided into chapters: Chapter Overview of studies related to the Thesis’s topic Chapter Scientific basis for State management on private high school education Chapter Actual situation of State management on private high school education in Ho Chi Minh city Chapter Orientation and solutions for State management on private high school education in Ho Chi Minh city CHAPTER OVERVIEW OF STUDIES RELATED TO THE THESIS’S TOPIC The author reviews systematically published scientific studies (at home and abroad) closely related to private high school education, State management on general education and private high school education in Ho Chi Minh city It analyzes and indicates findings of the preceding studies, inherited contents and issues to be further studied, including: - Study scientific basis of State management on private high school education; - Study actual situations of private high school education in Ho Chi Minh City - Assess actual situation of state management on private high school education in Ho Chi Minh City over the past time - Analyze direction and propose solutions to improve state management on private high school education in Ho Chi Minh city These are the basis for determining goals, directions and tasks for the PhD candidate in implementing the following contents of the Thesis CHAPTER SCIENTIFIC BASIS OF STATE MANAGEMENT ON PRIVATE HIGH SCHOOL EDUCATION 2.1 Concepts related to the Thesis’s topic It has studied and clarified systematically and scientifically theoretical basis of State management on private high school education, including: concepts of management, State management, education, training, primary education, secondary education, high school education, private schools, socialization, educational socialization, State management on education, State management on general education It is determined in the Thesis that State management on private high school education is organizing activities to exercise executive power of state authorities, combining state management by sector and territory to promote all social resources to involve in educational development; implementing the guidelines of educational socialization in the market mechanism, socialist orientation, international integration; ensuring right purpose, operation content and quality of education, contributing to good implementation of the general education objectives 2.2 Necessity and factors affecting State management on general education After expressing necessity of State management on general education and private high school education, factors affecting State management on private high school education are determined, including: objective factor s (economic growth and recession factors, society-class factors, globalization, information and communication technology impacts) and subjective factors (fundamental and comprehensive innovation of education and training, impact of market mechanisms, teacher quality, teaching methods and system of learning assessment, facilities, management staff) 2.3 Objectives, subjects, contents and methods of State management on general education and private high school education 2.3.1 Objectives of general education and private high school education - General education and private high school education must be in consistent with the general education system; attach much importance to teaching pupil in moral and knowledge, training and developing in both quality and competence; highlight to educate patriotism, national pride, morality, personality, lifestyle; detect and foster aptitudes and orientations for each student; strengthen competences of foreign language proficiency, informatics and living and working skills in the context of international integration; promote application and promotion of the world’s science and technology achievements, especially education and information technologies - Students are centered; it is to promote activeness, creativity and self-learning ability of students; enhance interaction in teaching and learning between teachers and students, between students and students and between teachers and teachers - Individuals participates in establishment and operation of private schools according to the viewpoints of education and sport socialization 2.3.3 Contents of State management on education and private high school education Contents of State management on education, of which is State management on general education and private high school education, are specified in the Educational Law 2005 (Article 99) and the revised Educational Law 2009 In detail: Develop and perform strategy, scheme and planning for development of education, of which is private high school education; Develop institution and policies of state management on private high school education; Organize apparatus and human resources for state management on private high school education; Invest resources in state management on private high school education; Accredit education quality, review and evaluate the building a model of state management on private high school education; Make inspection and examination in state management on private high school education 2.3.4 Method of State management on private high school education: Management with legal instruments, policies; Management with communication and education; Management with administrative and economic instruments 2.4 Experiences in State management on private high school education: Experiences in State management on private high school education from such foreign countries whose educations are advanced as USA and equivalent as China and Korea are generalized in the Thesis In addition, experiences from Hanoi that is a big city with many features similar with Ho Chi Minh city are also mentioned From which experiences for Ho Chi Minh City are: 11 Firstly, diversify forms of schools Secondly, regularly review and supplement the system of institutions and policies in line with socio-economic development, which serve as a basis for state management on private high school education in Ho Chi Minh City Thirdly, it is necessary to strengthen state management on the private school system within the City with appropriate management mechanisms and methods to make private high school education successfully developed in diversified, self-motivated and harmonized manner between social interest and investors’ legitimate interests Fourthly, diversify educational models and flexibly perform the decentralized mechanism Fifthly, promote the management and regulation role in the socialism-oriented market mechanism for private high school education of the City Sixthly, institutionalize and provide appropriate solutions for investors who establish private schools in the city to access public resources in a transparent, conditional and fair manner; contribute to socio-economic development, according to the viewpoint the society, not only learners and learners' families, receives educational achievements Secondly, promote State’s responsibilities, especially ones of state management at local levels in managing and financing private high schools Conclusions of Chapter With Chapter 2, the following contents have been indicated in the Thesis: Firstly, it has studied and clarified systematically and scientifically theoretical basis of State management on private high school 12 education, including: concepts of management, State management, education, training, primary education, secondary education, high school education, private schools, socialization, educational socialization, State management on education, State management on general education, which serve as basis for resolving objectives and tasks of the topic Secondly, it has analyzed and clarified necessity of State management on private high school education Thirdly, it has clarified objectives, subjects, objects, contents, methods of State management on private high school education These are important contents serving as foundation and basis for resolving tasks in the next chapters of the Thesis Fourthly, on the basis of studying experiences of State management on private high school education in some foreign countries and ones of Hanoi Education, experiences in State management on private high school education for Ho Chi Minh city have been generalized CHAPTER ACTUAL SITUATION OF STATE MANAGEMENT ON PRIVATE HIGH SCHOOL EDUCATION IN HO CHI MINH CITY 3.1 Overview of socio-economic influence on the State management on private high school education in Ho Chi Minh City Ho Chi Minh City is the biggest economic center of the country so it has a huge demand on human resources, especially human resources with high qualification and high workmanship The author analyzed and mentioned natural and socio-economic factors which impact and affect the educational development of the City; at the 13 same time, the author also mentioned factors which affect the private high school education in the City 3.2 Actual situation of private high school education in Ho Chi Minh City By the end of the school year 2015 - 2016, the City has had 85 private high schools which are active with total number of 31,968 high school students; the average ratio is 30.3 students/ class Material facilities of these schools can basically assure teaching conditions; some schools are invested in large-scale and modern manner The number of managers is 216 people and average ratio of 2.6 managers/ school; the number of teachers is 3,384 people with average ratio of 3.2 teachers/ class Basically, the managers and teachers have dignity, competence, responsibility and awareness of practicing to improve skills in order to well perform assigned tasks The organization of teaching and education activities complies with regulations of the sector The outcome of learning and practice in all aspects is limited but being improved Many schools have high ratio of annual high school graduates with 100% The private high school education in Ho Chi Minh City has contributed to general achievements of the education and training sector in the City However, private high school education in Ho Chi Minh City also has some limitations and weaknesses such as: - In general, the educational quality is gradually improved but not high The education of tradition, education of ethics and ideology have not been appreciated; there are still many average and poor students in terms of dignity, ethics and many students violating school rules, indulging in pleasure, lazy in learning, dishonest in exams, picking up quarrels and fighting - Managers and teachers are recruited from different sources with unequal professional qualification and the number of managers and 14 teachers exceeding standards is not high - Material facilities and teaching equipment in some schools fail to satisfy teaching requirements 3.3 Analyzing actual situation of State management on private high school education in Ho Chi Minh City Through survey and research, the author analyzed situation of the state management on private high school education in Ho Chi Minh City in the following aspects: (i) preparing and implementing strategies, programs, planning; (ii) establishing institution of the state management on private high school education in Ho Chi Minh City; (iv) organizing state management apparatus and human resources; (v) investing in resources for the state management on private high school education; (vi) testing quality of private high school education; (vii) inspecting, examining, supervising the state management on private high school education in the City 3.4 Evaluate situation of the State management on private high school education in Ho Chi Minh City 3.4.1 Achievements In general, the implementation of the guideline in educational socialization, development of private high school system in the City in recent years has diversified types of schools and classes, assured sufficient vacancies for learning, and satisfied learning demand of students in the City and students from other provinces that contributes to sustainable security and socio-economy of the City 3.4.2 Limitations and reasons a) The private general education in general and the private high school education in particular in Ho Chi Minh City are unsound and asynchronous, especially in terms of orientation and implementation of the guideline in school type transformation 15 b) The institutional system as the foundation for the state management on private high school education needs completing For example, it is necessary to clarify mechanism for mobilizing resources; establishment of material facilities, especially land assignment for foundation and development of private schools c) The policy system for the private high school education in the City needs supplementing and completing There must be a synchronous policy system for managing and developing types of private high schools in the City In addition to implementation of general policies of the State, Ho Chi Minh City needs individual and typical policies such as policies on investment, shares, policies on tuition fee; policies on training, fostering teachers; policies on school ranking and evaluation, inspection of training quality and inspection, supervision of the state management on operations of private high schools in the City d) The system of legal regulations on types of private schools for the country in general and for Ho Chi Minh City in particular is not sufficient and prompt; most of schools follow general regulations for public high schools Some State’s policies on education, including private high school education are simple Deployment and implementation of such policies are casual in some places; especially the implementation of policies on land, tax exemption in some places has not facilitated development of private high school education Some places meet many difficulties in management e) Planning and development plan for the private high school education are limited Planning of school location is unreasonable In recent years, private high schools of the City has developed mainly in urban districts where public schools fail to satisfy people’s demand due to crowded population and where people have higher living standard and income in comparison with areas in the suburban and far away from the center 16 g) Inspection, examination and supervision of the state management on private high school education in the City have not been carried out regularly Reasons for the above situation: - The state management on private schools in particular and private high schools in general has not adapted to this service type in both national and local scale The legal system and policies on private schools are incomplete - The viewpoint that education is the top national policy, investment in education is investment in development has drawn attention of authorities and sectors but they have not grasped thoroughly and facilitated the development of the private high school education in the City - At present, there is no officer specialized in this type of school in the Department of Education & Training as well as Bureaus of Education & Training Conclusion of Chapter In chapter 3, the thesis researched and clarified many contents related to the situation of private high school education and the state management on private high school education in Ho Chi Minh City Findings in the chapter can be summarized as follows: Firstly, the thesis analyzed and mentioned natural and socioeconomic factors which affect the development of the City’s education in general and the private high school education in the City in particular Secondly, the thesis also researched and clarified the situation of the private high school education and the state management on private high school education in Ho Chi Minh City, including: situation of school and class scale, students; situation of managers 17 and teachers; situation of material facilities; situation of deployment of teaching and educational activities Thirdly, through survey and research, the author analyzed the situation of the state management on private high school education in Ho Chi Minh City Fourthly, the author evaluated the situation of the state management on private high school education in Ho Chi Minh City: (i) achievements; (ii) limitations and reasons CHAPTER ORIENTATION AND SOLUTIONS FOR STATE MANAGEMENT ON PRIVATE HIGH SCHOOL EDUCATION IN HO CHI MINH CITY From the Party’s viewpoint on education and training development, orientation of education and training development of Ho Chi Minh City, development trend of private high school education in Ho Chi Minh City and targets of private high school education of the City (section 4.1), the thesis recommends groups of solutions for completing the state management on private high school education development in Ho Chi Minh City as follows (4.2): 4.2.1 Group of solutions for establishing strategies, planning, development plans for private high schools in the City Solutions: Firstly, the City Party Committee needs to strengthen in leading the educational socialization The City People’s Council should have inspection and supervision program at all levels of state management and functional Departments and sectors with regard to deployment and implementation of policies, solutions given by the Government on encouraging the development of the private high school system 18 Secondly, the City People’s Committee needs to establish specific and feasible planning, development plans, announce planning and policies to the public and facilitate investors to access to opportunities and preferential policies of the Government and the City Thirdly, exploit potentials and conditions of Ho Chi Minh City, promote comparative advantages and bravely lure domestic and foreign investment; use policies efficiently to impact and promote the development of the private high school system in the area 4.2.2 Group of solutions for establishing and completing institutions, policies, apparatus of state management on private high schools Solutions: Firstly, the City needs to establish and assign functions, determine contacts, request for cooperation in consultancy and state management; foster capacity of officers in state management agencies for education Secondly, solve requirements and given issues on institutions, attach more importance to propaganda and popularization of policies on the private high school education in the City Thirdly, renovate administrative procedures, including licensing procedures in combination with renovation requirements, call for investment in high school education in the City Fourthly, institutionalize and execute guidelines, policies given by the Government in combination with development and issuance of typical policies of the City Arrange financial resources from the budget to support the development of private high schools in the area 19 4.2.3 Group of solutions for renovating state management mechanism and method of Ho Chi Minh City towards private high school system Solutions: Firstly, decentralize management in combination with division of rights and responsibilities of each State management agency in the City; decentralize management between the Department of Education and Training of the City and private high schools Secondly, promotion of the State’s management role of and assurance of socialist orientation must comply with market rules and create fair competition environment between the public school system and the private school system and among private high schools Thirdly, implement the mechanism of self-control and selfresponsibility in terms of tuition fee and financial accounting and public announcement of results of assessing educational quality of each private high school should be carried out reasonably under orientation and management of competent authorities of the City Fourthly, supplement operational rules for funds, facilitate in terms of finance and mobilize resources for private high schools in accordance with regulations of the City 4.2.4 Group of solutions for assuring effectiveness, efficiency of quality inspection, control and assessment towards the private high school system in Ho Chi Minh City Solutions: Firstly, the City needs to provide regulations on inspection system and responsibility and measures for dealing with violations At the same time, it should promote grassroots democracy in order to supervise management activities of all levels in accordance with regulations of the central agency, ministries and sectors 20 Secondly, seriously inspect, direct private high schools in the City to implement the “Regulations on organization and operation of private high schools” adopted by the Ministry of Education and Training Thirdly, institutionalize to create legal corridor for promoting the supervision role of the community, political - social organizations, and occupational associations in terms of operational quality of private high schools in Ho Chi Minh City Fourthly, firmly develop a system of quality assurance criteria at the Department of Education and Training of Ho Chi Minh City, well implement procedures of quality assessment towards the private high school system in the City in accordance with prevailing regulations Conclusion of Chapter In researching Chapter 4, the thesis obtained the following findings: Firstly, in chapter of the thesis, by of analyzing and clarifying the Party’s viewpoint on education and training, by researching socio-economic development orientation of the City, documents of the Ministry of Education and Training and socio-economic development orientation of the whole country, the author generalized and analyzed the educational development trend and the private high school development trend in the City in the coming years Secondly, chapter of the thesis focused on recommending 04 groups of solutions for completing the state management on private high school education development in Ho Chi Minh City with 14 particular solutions in order to renovate, strengthen effectiveness and efficiency and complete contents of state management towards the private high school system in Ho Chi Minh City in the near future 21 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION Conclusion The Thesis titled State management on private high school education in Ho Chi Minh City researched and dealt with the following contents: Firstly, the thesis generalized domestic and foreign research works on private general education and private high school education in Ho Chi Minh City; generalized findings of previous researches and mentioned gaps to be clarified in the thesis Secondly, the thesis analyzed and clarified the scientific foundation of the state management on private high school education with some basic concepts related to the thesis as the basis for solving targets and tasks of the thesis Chapter clarified targets of the private high school education Subject, object, contents and methods of state management on private high school education are important contents and basis for solving tasks in the next chapters of the thesis By researching experience of the state management on private high school education in some countries and management experience of Hanoi Department of Education and Training, the author generalized and obtained some lessons on experience for the Department of Education and Training of Ho Chi Minh City in the state management on private high school education Thirdly, the thesis researched the situation of the state management on private high school education in Ho Chi Minh City Chapter analyzed and mentioned natural and socio-economic factors which impact and affect the educational development of the City; at the same time, the author also mentioned factors which affect the private high school education in the City 22 The thesis also generalized some main characteristics of the private high school education in Ho Chi Minh City at present By analyzing the situation of the state management, the author provided comments, assessments and pointed out achievements, limitations and found out reasons for such limitations in the state management on private high school education in Ho Chi Minh City Fourthly, by analyzing and clarifying the Party’s viewpoint on education and training, by researching socio-economic development orientation of the City, documents of the Ministry of Education and Training and socio-economic development orientation of the country, the author generalized and analyzed the educational development trend and the private high school development trend in the City in the coming years In accordance with theories and practical research, chapter of the thesis focused on 04 groups of solutions, including: (i) Group of solutions for establishing strategies, planning, development plans for private high schools in the City; (ii) Group of solutions for establishing and completing institutions, policies, apparatus of state management on private high schools; renovation of licensing procedures; (iii) Group of solutions for renovating state management mechanism and method of Ho Chi Minh City towards private high school system; (iv) Group of solutions for assuring effectiveness, efficiency of quality inspection, control and assessment towards the private high school system in Ho Chi Minh City The four groups of solutions have 14 particular, synchronous and feasible solutions for renovating, strengthening effectiveness and efficiency and completing contents of the state management on private high school education in Ho Chi Minh City in the near future Recommendation 2.1 Recommendations to the Government and Ministries, functional sectors 23 + Direct to additionally research about the type of private high school in form of “half for profit” or “reasonable profit”; + Build a more tight legal corridor for non-profit private schools, clarify issues on ownership, profit and non-profit; + Develop particular policies and instructions on bidding to supply services ordered by the State in general education field; issue policies on budget aid for private high schools 2.2 Recommendations to the City People’s Committee, state management agencies in Ho Chi Minh City + It is necessary to make development planning for private high school system in the new period Attach much importance to public announcement of planning; + The City People’s Committee needs to concern about inspecting and directing districts, Departments, functional sectors to solve shortcomings of this education type in the course of transforming from people-founded school to private school model; + Assign self-control right to schools in preparing their teaching plans 24 LIST OF THE AUTHOR’S RESEARCHES Le Van Khoa (2014), Solutions for improving efficiency of managing public high schools in Ho Chi Minh City at present, Education Management Science Magazine - issue 03 (9/2014), Institute of Education Management of Ho Chi Minh City Le Van Khoa (2016), With regard to management of private high schools in Ho Chi Minh City, Science Magazine of Dong Nai University - issue 03/2016, Dong Nai University Le Van Khoa (2017), Private high school education in Ho Chi Minh City: Difficulties, shortcomings and some recommendations, Education Management Science Magazine - issue 01 (03/2017), Institute of Education Management of Ho Chi Minh City Le Van Khoa (2017), State management on private high school education in Ho Chi Minh City, State Management Magazine - issue 259 (8/2017), National Academy of Public Administration 25 ... SITUATION OF STATE MANAGEMENT ON PRIVATE HIGH SCHOOL EDUCATION IN HO CHI MINH CITY 3.1 Overview of socio-economic influence on the State management on private high school education in Ho Chi Minh City. .. orientation of education and training development of Ho Chi Minh City, development trend of private high school education in Ho Chi Minh City and targets of private high school education of the City. .. of state management on private high school education; Make inspection and examination in state management on private high school education 2.3.4 Method of State management on private high school