Troubleshooting and repairing major appliances 3rd edition by eric kleinert

www.TechnicalPdf.com Troubleshooting and Repairing Major Appliances Third Edition Eric Kleinert New York Chicago San Francisco Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Milan New Delhi San Juan Seoul Singapore Sydney Toronto www.TechnicalPdf.com Copyright © 2013 by The McGraw-Hill Companies All rights reserved Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher ISBN: 978-0-07-177019-4 MHID: 0-07-177019-4 The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this title: ISBN: 978-0-07-177018-7, MHID: 0-07-177018-6 McGraw-Hill eBooks are available at special quantity discounts to use as premiums and sales promotions, or for use in corporate training programs To contact a representative please e-mail us at bulksales@mcgraw-hill.com All trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners Rather than put a trademark symbol after every occurrence of a trademarked name, we use names in an editorial fashion only, and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark Where such designations appear in this book, they have been printed with initial caps Information has been obtained by McGraw-Hill from sources believed to be reliable However, because of the possibility of human or mechanical error by our sources, McGraw-Hill, or others, McGraw-Hill does not guarantee the accuracy, adequacy, or completeness of any information and is not responsible for any errors or omissions or the results obtained from the use of such information TERMS OF USE This is a copyrighted work and The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc (“McGrawHill”) and its licensors reserve all rights in and to the work Use of this work is subject to these terms Except as permitted under the Copyright Act of 1976 and the right to store and retrieve one copy of the work, you may not decompile, disassemble, reverse engineer, reproduce, modify, create derivative works based upon, transmit, distribute, disseminate, sell, publish or sublicense the work or any part of it without McGraw-Hill’s prior consent You may use the work for your own noncommercial and personal use; any other use of the work is strictly prohibited Your right to use the work may be terminated if you fail to comply with these terms THE WORK IS PROVIDED “AS IS.” McGRAW-HILL AND ITS LICENSORS MAKE NO GUARANTEES OR WARRANTIES AS TO THE ACCURACY, ADEQUACY OR COMPLETENESS OF OR RESULTS TO BE OBTAINED FROM USING THE WORK, INCLUDING ANY INFORMATION THAT CAN BE ACCESSED THROUGH THE WORK VIA HYPERLINK OR OTHERWISE, AND EXPRESSLY DISCLAIM ANY WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE McGraw-Hill and its licensors not warrant or guarantee that the functions contained in the work will meet your requirements or that its operation will be uninterrupted or error free Neither McGraw-Hill nor its licensors shall be liable to you or anyone else for any inaccuracy, error or omission, regardless of cause, in the work or for any damages resulting therefrom McGraw-Hill has no responsibility for the content of any information accessed through the work Under no circumstances shall McGraw-Hill and/or its licensors be liable for any indirect, incidental, special, punitive, consequential or similar damages that result from the use of or inability to use the work, even if any of them has been advised of the possibility of such damages This limitation of liability shall apply to any claim or cause whatsoever whether such claim or cause arises in contract, tort or otherwise www.TechnicalPdf.com I dedicate this third edition to my granddaughter Simone I know one day she will look at this book for guidance in repairing her own appliances www.TechnicalPdf.com About the Author Eric Kleinert is a professional with 40 years of experience in commercial and domestic major appliances; refrigeration; and HVAC sales, service, and installation He has owned and operated a number of major appliance and air conditioning sales and service corporations As an instructor for a preeminent technical college, he taught adults aspects of preventative and diagnostic services and techniques, which enhanced their ability to better evaluate products and services necessary to maintain commercial and residential climate-control systems, refrigeration, and major appliances www.TechnicalPdf.com Contents Acknowledgments xxiii Introduction xxiii Part I Fundamentals of Service Selecting, Purchasing, and Installing Major Home Appliances and Air Conditioners Electric and Gas Ranges, Cooktops, and Ovens Freestanding Ranges Slide-In Ranges and Drop-In Ranges Built-In Cooktops Built-In Ovens Microwave Ovens Checklist for Cooking Products Refrigerators and Freezers Compact and Portable Refrigerators Single-Door Refrigerators Two-Door Refrigerators Two-Door Refrigerators with Bottom Freezers Side-by-Side Refrigerators Freezers Checklist for Refrigerator and Freezer Products Dishwashers Built-In Dishwashers Convertible/Portable Dishwashers Undersink Dishwashers Dishwasher-Sink Combination Checklist for Dishwashers Laundry Equipment Automatic Washers Top-Loading Automatic Washers Front-Loading Automatic Washers Compact Automatic Washers Automatic Dryers Checklist for Washers and Dryers Air Conditioners Sizing Room Air Conditioners How to Purchase the Best Air Conditioner or Appliance Value Using the EnergyGuide Label Major Appliance Consumer Action Panel (MACAP) Purchasing Decisions 3 10 11 14 15 15 16 16 16 17 19 19 19 19 21 21 22 22 23 24 25 25 27 28 29 32 33 34 v www.TechnicalPdf.com vi Troubleshooting and Repairing Major Appliances Appliance Warranties Full vs Limited Warranties Warranty Time Limitations Appliance Installation Instructions Appliance Use and Care Manual Where to Get Help Product Recalls and the Internet National Appliance Service Technicians Certiication (NASTeC) Endnotes 35 35 36 36 36 37 37 38 39 Safety Precautions Safety Procedures Individual Safety Precautions Electrical Safety Precautions Gas Safety Precautions Chemical Safety Precautions Appliance and Air Conditioner Safety Operating Safety Installation Safety Precautions Grounding of Appliances Checking Appliance and Air Conditioner Voltage What to Do If You Smell Gas 41 41 41 42 43 43 44 44 44 45 45 46 Tools Needed for Installation and Repair Safety Precautions Individual Safety Precautions Safety Precautions When Handling Tools Screwdrivers Nut Drivers Wrenches Hammers Prying Tools Pliers Cutting Tools Power Tools Specialty Tools Test Meters Advantages of Digital Meters 47 48 48 48 48 49 49 53 53 53 55 57 57 57 58 Becoming a Professional Technician What Is Customer Satisfaction? Customer Satisfaction Is Important for Business Why Is Customer Satisfaction Important to the Technician? What Does the Customer Expect of the Service Technician? How Can a Service Technician Increase Customer Satisfaction Skills? Communication Skills Verbal Communication Nonverbal Communication Paraverbal Communication Customer Empathy 61 62 62 62 62 63 64 65 65 65 66 www.TechnicalPdf.com Contents Listening to the Customer Relective Listening Skills (Feedback) Paraphrasing Asking Questions Preparing for a Service Call Prescreen the Service Call for Parts Proper Grooming for a Service Technician When You Arrive at the Service Call Repairing the Appliance or Air Conditioner Follow-Up Calls Things to Avoid While on a Service Call How to Turn Customer Dissatisfaction into Customer Satisfaction Angry Customers Don’t Lose Your Cool Encourage the Customer to Vent Their Emotions Find Out the Facts Understand Your Customer’s Feelings Suggest a Way to Fix the Problem End on a Positive Note Never Stop Learning 66 67 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 71 71 72 73 73 74 74 74 74 75 75 Basic Techniques Product Failure Diagnosis and Correction Procedure Technicians Diagnostic Guide 77 77 78 79 Part II Electricity, Electronics, and Gas Electricity Electrical Wiring What Is a Circuit? Circuit Components Three Kinds of Circuits Series Circuit Parallel Circuits Series-Parallel Circuits Types of Shorts in a Circuit Strip Circuits Types of Electric Current Theory of Current Flow Ohm’s Law Ohms Amperes Volts Watts Ohm’s Law Equation Wheel Wiring Diagram Symbols Terminal Codes Timer Sequence (Esterline) Charts www.TechnicalPdf.com 83 83 83 84 84 85 85 85 89 91 92 93 93 94 95 95 97 97 99 103 104 vii viii Troubleshooting and Repairing Major Appliances Wiring Diagrams Sample Wiring Diagrams How to Read the Volt-Ohm-Milliammeter Test Instrument Measuring Voltage Making the Measurement Selecting the Scales Reading the AC Voltage Scale Measuring Line Voltage Testing for Ground and Polarity Measuring 240-Volt Receptacles Testing a Three-Wire Receptacle for 240 Volts Testing a Four-Wire Receptacle for 240 Volts Measuring Resistance (OHMS) Setting Up the Meter Electrical Safety Precautions Operating Appliances and Room Air Conditioners on a Generator Flowcharts 105 109 112 112 112 114 114 114 117 120 120 120 123 123 124 125 126 Electronics Simpliied Circuits Electronic Controls Low-Voltage Board High-Voltage Relay Board Touchpad (Customer Interface) Three-Board Electronic Control System Troubleshooting Circuits Two-Board Electronic Control System Motor Board Electronic Control System Resistors Resistance Color Bands Thermistor Diodes Testing a Diode Bridge Rectiier Triac Testing a Triac Transistor Integrated Circuits and Circuit Boards LED Multiple Segment Displays Electrostatic Discharge 135 136 136 137 138 138 140 140 143 147 150 150 151 151 152 153 154 154 155 156 157 158 Gas Gas Safety Types of Gas Natural Gas Liqueied Petroleum Gas Combustion Carbon Monoxide Testing for Carbon Monoxide 159 159 160 160 160 161 161 162 www.TechnicalPdf.com Contents Flue Gases The “Flame” Air Supply Flame Appearance Flame Lifting Flashback Yellow Flame Tips Appliance Burner Components Gas Oriice Air Shutter Venturi Throat Mixing Tube Burner Head Burner Ports Burner Operation Ventilation Troubleshooting Ventilation Problems Measuring Gas Pressure Testing for Gas Leaks Combustible Gas Detector Gas Conversion Procedures Gas Pressure Regulator Converting Surface Burners Converting the Oven Bake Burner Converting the Oven Broil Burner Converting the Bake/Broil Thermostat Gas Appliance Maintenance 164 165 168 168 169 170 170 172 172 174 174 183 184 184 184 185 186 186 187 190 190 191 191 195 195 197 197 Part III Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Principles of Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Introduction to Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Saving the Ozone Layer Matter Change of State Law of Thermodynamics It’s All About Heat Methods of Heat Transfer Refrigerants Room Air Conditioner vs Refrigerator/Freezer The Basic Refrigeration Cycle Refrigeration Components Compressor Compressor Safety Trained Personnel Only Terminal Venting and Electrocution Compressor Motor Starting Relays Current Type Relay PTC Type Relay www.TechnicalPdf.com 201 201 202 203 203 204 204 205 206 207 214 216 216 217 217 218 218 218 219 ix ... product’s reliability Troubleshooting and Repairing Major Appliances aims to provide you with a basic understanding of the operation and common problems of major appliances and air conditioners... commercial and domestic major appliances; refrigeration; and HVAC sales, service, and installation He has owned and operated a number of major appliance and air conditioning sales and service... Step -by- Step Troubleshooting by Symptom Diagnosis 441 441 441 441 441 443 443 443 444 444 445 446 www.TechnicalPdf.com xiii xiv Troubleshooting and Repairing Major Appliances