Solution Reference Network Design (SRND) for Cisco IPICS Release 2.1(1) October, 2009 Americas Headquarters Cisco Systems, Inc 170 West Tasman Drive San Jose, CA 95134-1706 USA http://www.cisco.com Tel: 408 526-4000 800 553-NETS (6387) Fax: 408 527-0883 Text Part Number: OL-12996-03 NOTICE ALL STATEMENTS, INFORMATION, AND RECOMMENDATIONS IN THIS MANUAL ARE BELIEVED TO BE ACCURATE BUT ARE PRESENTED WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED USERS MUST TAKE FULL RESPONSIBILITY FOR THEIR APPLICATION OF ANY PRODUCTS THE SOFTWARE LICENSE AND LIMITED WARRANTY FOR THE ACCOMPANYING PRODUCT ARE SET FORTH IN THE INFORMATION PACKET THAT SHIPPED WITH THE PRODUCT AND ARE INCORPORATED HEREIN BY THIS REFERENCE IF YOU ARE UNABLE TO LOCATE THE SOFTWARE LICENSE OR LIMITED WARRANTY, CONTACT YOUR CISCO REPRESENTATIVE FOR A COPY The Cisco implementation of TCP header compression is an adaptation of a program developed by the University of California, Berkeley (UCB) as part of UCB’s public domain 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MediaTone, MeetingPlace, MeetingPlace Chime Sound, MGX, Networkers, Networking Academy, Network Registrar, PCNow, PIX, PowerKEY, PowerPanels, PowerTV, PowerTV (Design), PowerVu, Prisma, ProConnect, ROSA, ScriptShare, SenderBase, SMARTnet, Spectrum Expert, StackWise, The Fastest Way to Increase Your Internet Quotient, TransPath, WebEx, and the WebEx logo are registered trademarks of Cisco Systems, Inc and/or its affiliates in the United States and certain other countries All other trademarks mentioned in this document or website are the property of their respective owners The use of the word partner does not imply a partnership relationship between Cisco and any other company (0908R) Solution Reference Network Design (SRND) for Cisco IPICS Release 2.1(1) Copyright © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc All rights reserved CONTENTS Preface ix Overview ix Revision History Organization ix ix Related Documentation x Obtaining Documentation, Obtaining Support, and Security Guidelines CHAPTER Introducing Cisco IPICS Cisco IPICS Benefits 1-1 1-1 Cisco IPICS Components CHAPTER xi 1-2 Cisco IPICS Component Considerations 2-1 Router Media Service 2-1 RMS Overview 2-1 RMS Components for Locations 2-2 Multiple Location Example 2-3 RMS Configuration Example 2-3 When is an RMS Required? 2-7 Allocation of RMS DS0 Resources 2-9 DSP Channel Optimization and Allocation 2-9 Examples of Hardware Configuration and Supported Voice Streams 2-10 Media Resource Allocation for the Dial Engine 2-10 Virtual Talk Groups 2-11 Using the Cisco Hoot ‘n’ Holler Feature to Mix Channels in the RMS 2-15 Cisco IPICS Endpoint Scenarios 2-16 Remote PMC Users 2-24 Integrating Cisco IPICS with SIP Providers 2-29 Requirements for SIP Sessions 2-29 Default Dial Peer Scenarios 2-30 Dial Peer Use in Scenarios 2-30 Call Flow and Dial Peer Examples 2-33 When is a PMC Direct Dial prefix needed? 2-38 Cisco Video Surveillance System IP Camera User Guide, Cisco Video Surveillance 253x Series IP Dome OL-20004-01 iii Contents Connectivity to Cisco Unified Communications Manager Releases that not Provide Native SIP Trunk Support 2-38 Configuring the Trunk on Cisco Unified Communications Manager 4.1 2-39 Configuring the Trunk on the Router 2-40 Cisco Unified IP Phones 2-41 Cisco Unified Communications Manager Configuration Overview 2-41 Cisco Unified Communications Manager Express Configuration Overview CHAPTER Cisco IPICS LMR Gateway Configurations 2-42 3-1 Interfacing the Cisco IPICS LMR Gateway with Land Mobile Radios Cabling 3-2 Analog E&M Interface 3-4 Analog E&M signaling Types 3-4 3-2 Cisco IOS LMR Gateway Configurations 3-7 Determining Correct Cisco IOS Radio Control 3-8 Required Baseline LMR Gateway Configuration 3-8 VAD Operated Signaling Configuration 3-8 COR/COS Operated Signaling Configuration 3-10 Important Considerations When Deploying Cisco IPICS with Tone Controlled Radios 3-12 Understanding Tone Control Signaling in Cisco IPICS 3-12 Tone Signaling with Radios 3-15 Using the Release 2.1(1) PMC with a Tone Controlled Radio Channel 3-17 Requirements for Tone Remote Radio Configuration in a Cisco IPICS Deployment 3-18 Understanding Descriptor Files 3-19 Providing Tone Sequences to Radios Without Using the Cisco IPICS Release 2.1(1) Tone Remote Feature 3-22 Tone Controlled Radio Channels in VTGs 3-24 Troubleshooting Techniques 3-24 PMC Caveats 3-37 Configuration Examples for Manual Tone Control Operated Signaling Scenarios 3-39 2-Wire Tone Control Configuration for Single Frequency 3-39 4-Wire Tone Control Configuration for Single Frequency 3-40 2-Wire Tone Control Configuration for Two-Ten Frequencies 3-42 Trunked Radio Optional Workaround 3-51 Trunked Radio Feedback Tones 3-51 Trunked Radio Hybrid Configuration 3-52 Analog Tap Recording Configuration 3-56 Recording Multicast LMR Traffic 3-56 Recording Tap Cisco IOS Configuration 3-56 Cisco Video Surveillance System IP Camera User Guide, Cisco Video Surveillance 253x Series IP Dome iv OL-20004-01 Contents CHAPTER Cisco IPICS Infrastructure Considerations WAN Considerations Multicast Routing 4-1 4-2 4-2 Bandwidth Planning 4-4 Codecs 4-4 Choosing a Codec 4-4 Calculating Codec Bandwidth Use 4-5 cRTP, Variable-Payload Sizes and Aggressive VAD 4-7 RTP Header Compression 4-7 Adjustable Byte Size of the Voice Payload 4-7 Aggressive Voice Activity Detection 4-8 Mixing Voice Streams 4-8 Redundant RMS Configuration 4-9 Topology 4-9 Cabling 4-11 Routing Overview 4-12 Normal Operation 4-12 Failure Mode 4-12 Fail Back Mode 4-12 Sample Configuration for RMS1 and GW1 Failure Scenario Behavior 4-13 Caveats 4-14 Router Configurations 4-14 GW1 Configuration 4-14 GW2 Configuration 4-17 GW3 Configuration 4-19 RMS1 Configuration 4-24 RMS2 Configuration 4-28 4-13 Quality of Service 4-32 QoS Overview 4-32 Cisco IOS Queuing Techniques 4-33 IP RTP Priority 4-33 Low Latency Queuing 4-33 QoS with Frame Relay 4-34 Frame Relay Broadcast Queue 4-36 QoS with Point-to-Point Connections 4-42 QoS for a LAN 4-43 QoS at the WAN Edge 4-43 Policing 4-44 Cisco Video Surveillance System IP Camera User Guide, Cisco Video Surveillance 253x Series IP Dome OL-20004-01 v Contents Queuing 4-44 Trust Boundaries 4-44 Port Utilization 4-46 Guidelines for Using IP Multicast Addresses with Cisco IPICS Multicast and Unicast 4-48 QOS Policy Considerations 4-48 4-48 Securing the Cisco IPICS Infrastructure 4-48 Secure Socket Layer 4-49 Cisco Security Agent 4-49 Firewalls and Access Control Lists 4-49 Other Security Recommendations 4-49 Cisco IPICS Network Management System Managing the Overall Network 4-50 CHAPTER Understanding Dial Peers Dial Peer Call Legs 5-1 5-1 Inbound and Outbound Dial Peers Destination Pattern Session Target 4-50 5-2 5-3 5-3 Configuring Dial Peers for Call Legs 5-4 Matching Inbound and Outbound Dial Peers CHAPTER Cisco IPICS Licensing and Sizing Guidelines Resource and License Usage DS0 Usage 6-2 Dial Port Licensing Details 6-1 6-1 Additional Planning and Sizing Guidelines CHAPTER 5-4 6-2 6-4 Cisco IPICS Deployment Models 7-1 Single Site Model 7-1 Benefits of the Single Site Model 7-2 Best Practices for the Single Site Model 7-2 Multiple Site Model 7-2 MPLS with Multicast VPNs 7-3 MPLS Terminology 7-4 MVPN Basic Concepts 7-4 VPN Multicast Routing 7-5 Configuring the Provider Network for MVPN 7-5 Cisco Video Surveillance System IP Camera User Guide, Cisco Video Surveillance 253x Series IP Dome vi OL-20004-01 Contents Verifying the Provider Network for MVPN 7-7 Optimizing Traffic Forwarding: Data MDT 7-9 Verifying Correct Data MDT Operation 7-9 Multicast Islands 7-10 Multicast over GRE 7-11 M1:U12:M2 Connection Trunks 7-13 Multicast Singularities 7-21 CHAPTER High Latency and Low Bandwidth Interconnection Supported Deployment Solutions 8-2 Central Site Server Solution 8-2 Remote Locations Solution 8-3 M1:U12:M2 Configuration Examples Requirements and Support Information 8-1 8-3 8-4 Performing Additional Configurations on the Cisco IPICS Server Updating the RMS Configuration 8-5 Adjusting ARP Commands 8-6 Disabling the RMS Comparator 8-6 Merging the Configuration 8-6 Disabling the PMC Upload Activity Log Frequency 8-7 Adjusting Internet Explorer Browser Settings 8-7 Performance Guidelines 8-5 8-8 GLOSSARY INDEX Cisco Video Surveillance System IP Camera User Guide, Cisco Video Surveillance 253x Series IP Dome OL-20004-01 vii Contents Cisco Video Surveillance System IP Camera User Guide, Cisco Video Surveillance 253x Series IP Dome viii OL-20004-01 Preface Overview This Solution Reference Network Design (SRND) document provides design considerations and guidelines for deploying Cisco IPICS This document should be used with the following related documentation: • For Cisco IPICS documentation, go to this URL http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/ps7026/tsd_products_support_series_home.html • For other SRND documents, go to this URL: http://www.cisco.com/go/srnd Revision History This document may be updated at any time without notice You can obtain the latest version of this document at this URL: http://www.cisco.com/go/srnd Check the Cisco.com website periodically for documentation updates by comparing the date on the title page of your copy with the date of the online document Organization This manual is organized as follows: Chapter 1, “Introducing Cisco IPICS” Describes the advantages and benefits that Cisco IPICS offers and introduces the primary components that make up a Cisco IPICS deployment Chapter 2, “Cisco IPICS Component Considerations” Provides information about various Cisco IPICS components Chapter 3, “Cisco IPICS LMR Gateway Configurations” Describes configurations needed to use land mobile radios with Cisco IPICS Solution Reference Network Design (SRND) for Cisco IPICS Release 2.1(1) OL-12996-03 ix Preface Related Documentation Chapter 4, “Cisco IPICS Infrastructure Considerations” Provides information about network infrastructure considerations that you must be aware of when you deploy Cisco IPICS Chapter 5, “Understanding Dial Peers” Provides an overview of dial peers, which will help you understand how Cisco IPICS operates Chapter 6, “Cisco IPICS Licensing and Sizing Guidelines” Explains how Cisco IPICS uses licensable features and provides information about resource use and system sizing Chapter 7, “Cisco IPICS Deployment Models” Describes the deployment models for Cisco IPICS Chapter 8, “High Latency and Low Bandwidth Interconnection” Describes deployment models that use high latency and low bandwidth interconnections Related Documentation The following Cisco IPICS documentation is available: • Cisco IPICS PMC Installation and User Guide, Release 2.1(1)—Describes how to install, configure, manage, and operate the Cisco IPICS PMC application • Cisco IPICS PMC Quick Start Reference Card, Release 2.1(1)—Provides tips and quick references for the most frequently used procedures that a user can perform on the Cisco IPICS PMC • Using Cisco IPICS on Your IP Phone Quick Start Reference Card, Release 2.1(1)—Contains information about accessing Cisco IPICS from your Cisco Unified IP phone and tips and guidelines for using this service • Using the Cisco IPICS TUI Quick Start Reference Card, Release 2.1(1)—This document describes the steps that you follow to dial in to, or receive a call from, the policy engine telephony user interface (TUI) and guidelines for using the system • Cisco IPICS Radio and Tone Descriptor File Examples Reference Card, Release 2.1(1)—Contains examples of valid and invalid radio control and signaling descriptor file entries and guidelines for creating these entries • Cisco IPICS PMC Debug Reference Quick Start Guide, Release 2.1(1)—Provides a quick reference for troubleshooting and debugging the Cisco IPICS PMC • Cisco IPICS Server Quick Start Guide, Release 2.1(1)—Condensed version of this Cisco IPICS Server Administration Guide to help the administrator to quickly get started with Cisco IPICS • Cisco IPICS Server Quick Start Reference Card, Release 2.1(1)—Provides tips, quick references, and usage guidelines for the Cisco IPICS server • Cisco IPICS Server Installation and Upgrade Guide, Release 2.1(1)—Describes how to install, configure, and upgrade the Cisco IPICS server software and Cisco IPICS operating system • Cisco IPICS Server Administration Guide, Release 2.1(1)—Contains information about the key configuration, operation, and management tasks for the Cisco IPICS server • Cisco IPICS Server Quick Start Installation Reference Card, Release 2.1(1)—Provides tips and quick references for installing and upgrading the Cisco IPICS server • Cisco IPICS Troubleshooting Guide, Release 2.1(1)—Contains reference material about how to maintain and troubleshoot the Cisco IPICS system Solution Reference Network Design (SRND) for Cisco IPICS Release 2.1(1) x OL-12996-03 Glossary PIM dense mode One of the two PIM operational modes PIM dense mode is data-driven and resembles typical multicast routing protocols Packets are forwarded on all outgoing interfaces until pruning and truncation occurs In dense mode, receivers are densely populated, and it is assumed that the downstream networks want to receive and will probably use the datagrams that are forwarded to them The cost of using dense mode is its default flooding behavior Sometimes called dense mode PIM or PIM DM PIM sparse mode One of the two PIM operational modes PIM sparse mode tries to constrain data distribution so that a minimal number of routers in the network receive it Packets are sent only if they are explicitly requested at the RP (rendezvous point) In sparse mode, receivers are widely distributed, and the assumption is that downstream networks will not necessarily use the datagrams that are sent to them The cost of using sparse mode is its reliance on the periodic refreshing of explicit join messages and its need for RPs Sometimes called sparse mode PIM or PIM SM PMC Push-to-Talk Management Center A standalone PC-based software application that simulates a handheld radio to enable PTT functionality for PC users This application enables Cisco IPICS PMC end-users, dispatch personnel, and administrators to participate in one or more channels/VTGs at the same time PMC ID The unique ID that the Cisco IPICS server generates for each PMC to track requests between the PMC and the server and to verify and manage concurrent PMC usage for licensing requirements policy Policies include one or more actions that execute sequentially and can be manually activated via the Cisco IPICS administration console or the telephony user interface Cisco IPICS provides support for multiple policy types policy channel A channel that can be set up by the dispatcher and configured as a designated channel; that is, a channel that is always open to enable your interaction with the dispatcher policy execution status An indicator of policy execution success or failure The Cisco IPICS administration console provides a status for each action under a policy, portalization A web programming paradigm for customizing the interface and functionality of a client application preamble The sequence of tones that precede a transmission The preamble generally includes the HLGT and the function tone protocol A set of unique rules that specify a sequence of actions that are necessary to perform a communications function PTT Push-to-talk A signal to a radio transmitter that causes the transmission of radio frequency energy The action that keys a radio or causes the radio to transmit On the Cisco router, the e-lead, or key tone, is used to signal the radio to transmit PTT channel A channel consists of a single unidirectional or bidirectional path for sending and/or receiving signals In the Cisco IPICS solution, a channel represents one LMR gateway port that maps to a conventional radio physical radio frequency (RF) channel PTT channel button The button on the PMC that you click with your mouse, or push, and hold to talk You can use the latch functionality on this button to talk on one or more channels at the same time PTT channel group A logical grouping of available PTT channels that can be used for categorization Solution Reference Network Design (SRND) for Cisco IPICS Release 2.1(1) GL-12 OL-12996-03 Glossary Q QoS quality of service A measurement of performance for a transmission system, including transmission quality and service availability queue Represents a set of items that are arranged in sequence Queues are used to store events occurring at random times and to service them according to a prescribed discipline that may be fixed or adaptive queuing delay In a radio communication system, the queuing delay specifies the time between the completion of signaling by the call originator and the arrival of a permission to transmit to the call originator R radio channel Represents an assigned band of frequencies sufficient for radio communication The bandwidth of a radio channel depends upon the type of transmission and its frequency tolerance radio control service The logical element in the Cisco IPICS system that can tune a radio to the desired channel without manual intervention Refers to a serial control entity radio equipment Any equipment or interconnected system or subsystem of equipment (both transmission and reception) that is used to communicate over a distance by modulating and radiating electromagnetic waves in space without artificial guide This equipment does not include microwave, satellite, or cellular telephone equipment receive indicator The indicator on the PMC that blinks green when traffic is being received remote connection Cisco IPICS uses this type of connection to provide SIP-based trunking into the RMS component, which is directly tuned into the multicast channel RF radio frequency Any frequency within the electromagnetic spectrum that is normally associated with radio wave propagation RF generally refers to wireless communications with frequencies below 300 GHz RFC 2833 The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) specification that describes how to carry DTMF signaling, other tone signals, and telephony events in RTP packets Using RFC 2833 a packet can be compactly composed to play a series of tones, including DTMF, in a specific sequence that includes specified durations and volume levels RF repeater An analog device that amplifies an input signal regardless of its nature (analog or digital) Also, a digital device that amplifies, reshapes, retimes, or performs a combination of any of these functions on a digital input signal for retransmission RMS router media service Component that enables the Cisco IPICS PMC to remotely attach to a VTG It also provides support for remotely attaching (combining) two or more VTGs through its loopback functionality The RMS mixes multicast channels in support of VTGs and it also mixes PMC SIP-based (unicast) connections to a multicast channel or VTG The RMS can be installed as a stand-alone component (RMS router) or as an additional feature that is installed in the LMR gateway Solution Reference Network Design (SRND) for Cisco IPICS Release 2.1(1) OL-12996-03 GL-13 Glossary root user ID The Cisco IPICS Linux user that has access to all files in the Cisco IPICS server Strong passwords are enforced and Linux operating system password expiration rules apply to this user ID RTP Real-Time Transport Procotol Commonly used with IP networks to provide end-to-end network transport functions for applications that transmit real-time data, such as audio, video, or simulation data, over multicast or unicast network services RTCP Real-time Transport Control Protocol The standard for notifying senders and receivers of important events or transmission statistics The most common forms of RTCP are the sender report and the receiver report S scanning A subscriber unit feature that automatically allows a radio to change channels or talk groups to enable a user to listen to conversations that are occurring on different channels or talk groups script prompts The audio prompts that the dial engine scripts play out during execution and which callers hear when they are interacting with the telephony user interface secure channel A channel that is connected to a radio that provides secure (encrypted or scrambled) communications on the Common Air Interface (CAI) side of the radio (The level of security that is configured in the data network determines the security of the communications between the LMR gateway and a network attached device, such as a PMC or Cisco Unified IP Phone.) An attribute that is set in the server to indicate that a channel is secure A PTT channel that is configured as secure cannot be combined with unsecure channels in a VTG serial controlled radio A type of control for a radio that uses out-of-band signaling (usually RS-232) See radio control service service delivery area See coverage signal The detectable transmitted energy that carries information from a transmitter to a receiver skin Skins form the appearance of the PMC In Cisco IPICS, skins are customizable and available in various options, including 4-channel and 8-channel mouse and touch screen formats speaker arbitration The procedure that is used to determine the active audio stream in a Push-to-Talk system spectrum The usable radio frequencies in the electromagnetic distribution The following frequencies have been allocated to the public safety community: High HF 25–29.99 MHz Low VHF 30–50 MHz High VHF 150–174 MHz Low UHF 406.1–420/450–470 MHz UHF TV Sharing 470–512 MHz 700 MHz 764–776/794–806 MHz 800 MHz 806–824/851–869 MHz Solution Reference Network Design (SRND) for Cisco IPICS Release 2.1(1) GL-14 OL-12996-03 Glossary spoken names The recorded names that are used for entities, such as channels, channel groups, VTGs, users, user groups, ops views, and policies The names can be recorded through the policy engine or externally-recorded wav files that can be uploaded into the system squelch An electric circuit that stops input to a radio receiver when the signal being received is too weak to be anything but noise statically configured Every stream of data that flows to the LMR gateway can be applied with a preamble and/or guard tone tone control by using a static configuration in the LMR gateway When traffic is sent on a multicast address, the radio automatically switches (because of the preamble) to the specific radio channel that is requested by the tone control sequence stored VTG Also referred to as inactive VTG subchannel A channel that shares the same multicast address as another channel or channels These multiple source streams (channels) may be present on a single radio channel On the PMC, you access these channels by pressing the channel selector buttons on the radio channel subscriber unit A mobile or portable radio unit that is used in a radio system system administrator The Cisco IPICS system administrator is responsible for installing and setting up Cisco IPICS resources, such as servers, routers, multicast addresses, locations, and PTT channels The system administrator also creates ops views, manages the Cisco IPICS licenses and PMC versions, and monitors the status of the system and its users via the activity log files system architecture The design principles, physical structure, and functional organization of a land mobile radio system Architectures may include single site, multi-site, simulcast, multicast, or voting receiver systems T T1 Digital WAN carrier facility T1 transmits DS-1-formatted data at 1.544 Mbps through the telephone-switching network, using alternate mark inversion (AMI) or binary zero suppression (B8ZS) coding T1 loopback Allows mapping from multicast to unicast so that unicast phone calls can be patched into an LMR or into other multicast audio streams A loopback is composed of two of the available T1 interfaces talk group A VTG or a channel A subgroup of radio users who share a common functional responsibility and, under normal circumstances, only coordinate actions among themselves and not require radio interface with other subgroups TCP Transmission Control Protocol A connection-oriented transport layer protocol that provides reliable full-duplex data transmission TCP is part of the TCP/IP protocol stack TDMA time division multiple access Type of multiplexing where two or more channels of information are transmitted over the same link by allocating a different time interval (“slot” or “slice”) for the transmission of each channel; that is, the channels take turns to use the link terminal A device capable of sending, receiving, or sending and receiving information over a communications channel Solution Reference Network Design (SRND) for Cisco IPICS Release 2.1(1) OL-12996-03 GL-15 Glossary throughput The number of bits, characters, or blocks passing through a data communications system, or a portion of that system TIA/EIA-102 standards A joint effort between government and industry to develop voice and data technical standards for the next generation of public safety radios tone control The process of using inband tone sequences to change the behavior of a radio end point An inband tone can be used to control functions, such as modifying (retuning) the radio frequency (RF channel), changing the transmit power level, and monitoring a channel The most basic form of tone control (tone keyed) is used to key the radio With the Cisco IPICS solution, the radio that is being controlled is directly connected to the LMR gateway E&M leads tone frequency A specific form of a function tone The tone that is used to signal the radio to select a frequency These audible tone frequencies are generated in the router and combined in a specific sequence to perform a tone control function tone keyed A tone keyed radio requires the presence of a specific tone on the incoming analog (e-lead) port Without this tone, the radio cannot transmit The tone is generally used to prevent spurious transmission that may occur because of injected noise tone signaling Any form of over-the-air audible signals that are intended to terminate at the far end Examples include alerting tones, DTMF tones, and paging tones transmit indicator On some of the PMC skins, this indicator blinks red when traffic is being transmitted trigger A time-based event that invokes a policy on a scheduled basis, without manual intervention trunk A physical and logical connection between two switches across which network traffic travels In telephony, a trunk is a phone line between two central offices (COs) or between a CO and a PBX trunked (system) Systems with full feature sets in which all aspects of radio operation, including RF channel selection and access, are centrally managed trunked radio system Integrates multiple channel pairs into a single system When a user wants to transmit a message, the trunked system automatically selects a currently unused channel pair and assigns it to the user, decreasing the probability of having to wait for a free channel TUI telephony user interface The telephony interface that the dial engine provides to enable callers to perform tasks, such as joining talk groups and invoking policies tune (a radio) To change the current send and receive frequencies on a radio This task is usually accomplished via a preset with some form of radio control Solution Reference Network Design (SRND) for Cisco IPICS Release 2.1(1) GL-16 OL-12996-03 Glossary U user The Cisco IPICS user may set up personal login information, download the PMC application, customize the PMC skin, and specify communication preferences that are used to configure audio devices By using a predefined user ID and profile, the user can participate in PTT channels and VTGs by using the PMC, supported models of Cisco Unified IP Phones, and the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) via the telephony dial functionality of the Cisco IPICS IP policy engine Users may have one or more Cisco IPICS roles, such as system administrator, ops view administrator, operator or dispatcher unicast Specifies point-to-point transmission, or a message sent to a single network destination V VAD Voice Activity Detection When VAD is enabled on a voice port or on a dial peer, only audible speech is transmitted over the network When VAD is enabled on Cisco IPICS, the PMC only sends voice traffic when it detects your voice virtual channel A virtual channel is similar to a channel but a radio system may not be attached By creating a virtual channel, participants who not use physical handheld radios to call into a VTG become enabled by using the PMC application or a supported Cisco Unified IP Phone model voice interoperability Voice interoperability enables disparate equipment and networks to successfully communicate with each other voice replay A feature that allows the PMC user to replay buffered audio on a per channel basis VoIP Voice over Internet Protocol By digitalizing and packetizing voice streams, VoIP provides the capability to carry voice calls over an IP network with POTS-like functionality, reliability, and voice quality volume indicator The volume indicator on the PMC that shows the current volume level on the channel in a graphical format volume up/down buttons The buttons on the PMC that let you control the volume level VOX Voice-operated transmit A keying relay that is actuated by sound or voice energy above a certain threshold and sensed by a connected acousto-electric transducer VOX uses voice energy to key a transmitter, eliminating the need for push-to-talk operation VTG virtual talk group A VTG can contain any combination of channels, channel groups, users, and user groups A VTG can also contain other VTGs VTG add participant An action that adds selected participant(s) to the selected VTG Solution Reference Network Design (SRND) for Cisco IPICS Release 2.1(1) OL-12996-03 GL-17 Glossary W wavelength The representation of a signal as a plot of amplitude versus time wideband channel Channels that occupy more than 20 kHz Solution Reference Network Design (SRND) for Cisco IPICS Release 2.1(1) GL-18 OL-12996-03 INDEX bridging channels A See also mixing access control list (ACL) aggressive VAD broadcast queue 4-8 buffering arbitration algorithm ARP commands 4-33, 4-49 2-15 burst 4-35 4-4, 4-34 8-6 Assured Forwarding 4-44 assured forwarding 31 (AF31) C 4-32 Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) 7-3 cabling, for VIC2-2E/M interface card Asynchronous Transfer Mode Peak Cell Rate (ATM PCR) 4-4 ATM and Frame Relay Service Inter-Working (SIW) audio quality 4-36 4-2 call flow call leg 7-3 2-26 5-1, 5-4 Carrier Operated Relay 3-10 Carrier Operated Relay (COR) carrier operated relay (COR) Carrier Operated Squelch B 4-8 3-8 3-10 Carrier Operated Squelch (COS) bandwidth central site server solution codec affect on consumption 4-5 channel mixing 4-4 4-42 7-21 use with LMR 2-15 3-1 arbitration algorithm modifying consumption multicast over GRE over-provisioning 4-7 7-12 4-34 4-4 point-to-point lines provisioning 4-6 4-42 4-2 4-5, 4-6 voice payload bidirectional PIM 2-15 configuration for LMR gateway queuing techniques 3-7 4-33 Cisco IPICS benefits PMC consumption of usage 8-1, 8-2 Cisco IOS leased lines planning 3-8, 4-8 Cisco Hoot ‘n’ Holler 4-5, 4-6 for unicast connection trunk issues 3-2 codec 1-1 4-4 components Cisco IPICS server 1-3 Cisco Unified IP Phone gateway 4-7 4-2, 4-3, 4-39 LMR gateway 1-4 networking components overview 1-4 1-4 1-2 Cisco Video Surveillance System IP Camera User Guide, Cisco Video Surveillance 253x Series IP Dome OL-20004-01 IN-1 Index PMC 1-4 cRTP RMS 1-4, 2-1 Customer Edge Router (CE) deployment models markets multiple site model D 7-2 1-1 Data MDT RMS configuration for mixing single site model 7-5, 7-9 Data Multicast Distribution Tree (MDT) Default-MDT voice streams supported 2-10 WAN deployment issues 4-2 Cisco IPICS server 2-16 7-1 Cisco IPICS capacity delay 6-2 4-2, 4-32, 4-35 4-2 deployment scenario 1-3 central site server solution remote locations solution See Cisco IPICS remote PMC solution Cisco Multicast Manager (CMM) Cisco Security Agent (CSA) 4-50 destination pattern 4-49 2-41 Cisco Unified Communications Manager Express 2-41, 8-1 call leg 2-13 5-1, 5-4 configuration example Cisco Unified IP Phone destination pattern Cisco Communications Manager Express configuration for 2-41 inbound outbound G.711 G.729a overview POTS codec delay 4-33 5-3 voice-network dial pool 4-4 types in Cisco IPICS 7-13 5-2 6-4 digital signal processor (DSP) Committed Information Rate (CIR) 4-6 4-4, 4-34, 4-35 5-2 6-4 dial port, usage 4-4 4-5 compressed RTP (cRTP) 5-2 5-2 Voice over IP (VoIP) 4-4 connection trunk 5-2 VoFR (Voice over Frame Relay) 4-4 4-4 voice quality 5-4 VoATM (Voice over ATM) 4-4 5-4 5-1 session target 4-5 5-4 5-2 outbound call leg 2-41 considerations 5-4 matching outbound call leg 1-4 choosing 5-3 matching inbound call leg 2-41 Class-Based Weighted Fair Queueing (CBWFQ) 2-25 5-2 inbound call leg Cisco Unified Communications Manager configuration for 2-41 bandwidth use 8-1, 8-3 5-3 associated with RMS 2-42 configuring for Cisco IPICS 8-1, 8-2 dial peer Cisco Unified Communications Manager services 7-4 7-4, 7-5 dense mode (SM) Cisco IP Interoperability and Collaboration System overview 7-4 7-1 1-1 overview 4-7 discard eligible (DE) 4-8 4-35, 4-44 DS0 allocation 2-2 Cisco Video Surveillance System IP Camera User Guide, Cisco Video Surveillance 253x Series IP Dome IN-2 OL-20004-01 Index channel optimization 2-9 conserving resources 6-2 loopback channels F feedback tones, for trunked radios 2-2 remote location requirements resource allocation 2-7, 2-22 2-3 broadcast queue sizing considerations connection with E&M port 6-2 in WAN 6-2 4-43 DSP signal detection 4-37 LLQ 4-33 QoS 4-34 4-33 Frame Relay Traffic Shaping (FRTS) 2-9 4-35 7-3 IP RTP Priority 2-12 DSCP per-hop behaviors (Fibs) channel optimization 4-36 Committed Information Rate (CIR) in 2-21 use in mixing channels dspfarm 4-49 Frame Relay 2-21 resources not required usage firewall following 2-9, 2-24 resource consumption resources 2-9 3-51 4-35 FRF.12 fragmentation and reassembly technique 4-8 4-42 2-9 duplicate packets 2-21 G G.711 E G.729a E1 interface 4-4, 7-2 4-4 GRE tunnel 2-12 7-11 ear and mouth (E&M) analog signaling types interface 3-1 interface card port 3-4 3-4 4-37 Type III interface 3-4 Type V interface 3-6 egress policing 4-44 egress shaping 4-43 8-1 High-Level Data Link Control (HDLC) 4-42 See Cisco Hoot ’n’ Holler I endpoints Internet Explorer, adjusting browser settings communication between duplicate packets high latency low bandwidth connection hootie 3-5 Type II interface H 2-7, 2-11 2-21 expedited forwarding (EF) Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) interoperability and collaboration 4-32 IP precedence 2-17 1-2 4-32 IP RTP Priority IPSSec VPN 8-7 4-32, 4-33 7-13 Cisco Video Surveillance System IP Camera User Guide, Cisco Video Surveillance 253x Series IP Dome OL-20004-01 IN-3 Index mixing J arbitration algorithm jitter 4-2, 4-32, 4-35 audio 2-15 2-17 channels in VTG 2-11 channels using Cisco Hoot ’n’ Holler L DSP function example land mobile radio LEAF 4-8 2-15 unicast streams See LMR 2-24 voice streams 7-4 leased line 2-17, 4-8 MPLS 7-3 in multiple site model licences for Cisco IPICS usage VPN 6-1 Link Fragmentation and Interleaving (LFI) 4-42 multicast 7-2 7-3 with multicast VPN 6-1 7-3 2-24, 4-6, 7-2 address for VTG communication LMR audio connection to Cisco IPICS channel 3-2 endpoints in address pool bandwidth 2-16 communication with endpoints 2-16 2-11 2-2, 2-9 7-12 bidirectional PIM 4-39 call flow to unicast 2-9 2-28 endpoints, communication between gateway Cisco IOS configuration for overview 3-7 3-2 integration with Cisco IPICS 3-1 interface with Cisco IPICS 3-2 recording multicast traffic 3-56 use with Cisco Hoot ’n’ Holler 7-24 overview 7-10 topology 7-10 M1:U12:M2 connection trunk output stream 3-1 over GRE 7-24 2-15 7-11 singularity 2-1, 2-2, 2-11, 2-12 loopback interface GRE tunnel 2-7 island 3-1 radio interface loopback 2-15 GRE tunnel 4-39 Low-Latency Queuing (LLQ) 4-32, 4-33, 4-35 7-22 M1:U12:M2 connection trunk overview 7-21 multicast address, guidelines for using M multicast domain 7-22 4-48 7-2, 7-4, 7-5 Multicast Virtual Route Forwarding (MVRF) M1:U12:M2 connection trunk description multicast VPN (MVPN) 7-16, 8-3 unicast connection trunk 4-6, 7-18 with multicast singularities markets, for Cisco IPICS 7-4 provider network configuration for 7-13 1-1 7-22 provider network verification routing 7-4 7-5 7-7 7-5 Multilink Point-to-Point Protocol (MLPPP) 4-42 Cisco Video Surveillance System IP Camera User Guide, Cisco Video Surveillance 253x Series IP Dome IN-4 OL-20004-01 Index multiple site model PMC upload log frequency, disabling connectivity options point-to-point connection 7-3 4-42 overview 7-2 Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) topology 7-3 policing Multiprotocol Label Switching 8-7 4-42 4-44 policy engine SIP provider 2-38 Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM) See MPLS bidirectional 4-2, 4-3 dense mode (DM) N overview 4-2 4-2 sparse mode (SM) network management Provider Edge Router (PE) 4-50 security in 4-2 Provider Router (P) 4-48 networking components, overview 1-4 proxy channel 7-4, 7-5 7-4 7-15 Push-to-Talk Management Center See PMC O over-detection 4-8 over-provisioning Q 4-34 QoS at WAN edge P 4-43 factors affecting in enterprise packet buffering delay in LAN discard-eligible (DE) loss overview 4-2 4-2, 4-32, 4-35 packet rate 4-3 4-32 policing 4-44 queuing 4-44 trust boundary WAN, use in 7-4 ping-pong effect Quality of Service PMC queuing bandwidth consumption remote user 4-6 1-4 remote location 4-44 with point-to-point connections 3-51 4-42 See QoS overview techniques 2-24, 4-2, 4-45 4-32 4-2 Plain Old Telephone Service (POTS), for unicast connection 2-26 overview 7-3 recommendations for networks 4-36 Permanent Virtual Circuit (PVC) PIM-SSM 4-34 4-43 in multiple site model 4-35 4-35 errors 4-44 in Frame Relay network 4-35 4-32 drop 4-32 4-44 4-32, 4-35 queuing techniques 4-33 2-24 Cisco Video Surveillance System IP Camera User Guide, Cisco Video Surveillance 253x Series IP Dome OL-20004-01 IN-5 Index RMS comparator R 8-6 router media service RADIUS 4-49 See RMS Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP) 4-6 RTP, header compression 4-7 recording multicast LMR traffic 3-56 Tap Cisco IOS configuration redundant RMS configuration remote location S 3-56 4-9 satellite link 2-2, 2-9, 2-24, 4-2, 4-45 remote locations solution remote PMC solution remote PMC user Secure Socket Layer (SSL) 8-1, 8-3 8-1 access control list (ACL) 4-2, 4-39 firewall 4-3 RADIUS 4-9 2-3 configuration for remote locations deployment scenario 8-5 dial peers associated with TACACS+ serialization 4-49 4-32 bidirectional 2-21, 2-22 in PIM SIM function 2-1 unidirectional function in Cisco IPICS installation options benefits 2-2 4-9 7-2 overview 7-1 topology 7-2 7-1 SIP 2-9 2-7, 2-9 connection to RMS using in remote location 4-9 voice port configuration 4-2 design characteristics 1-4 resource consumption 4-2 7-2 best practices 4-6 2-15, 2-16, 2-17 resource allocation 4-3 single site model 2-7 in WAN that is not multicast enabled standby 4-2 forwarding traffic 4-9 redundancy 4-36 5-3 fall back overview 4-50 shared tree 4-9 mixing 4-49 service access point (SAP) broadcast session target 2-13 2-2, 2-7, 2-9 DS0 resources 4-49 spanning tree (STP) attack mitigation configuration for central site deployment scenario 8-5 failover 4-49 Secure Socket Layer (SSL) configuration example DS0 4-48 recommendations 2-15 4-49 4-49 for Cisco IPICS RMS bridging 4-49 Cisco Security Agent (CSA) Reverse Path Forwarding (RPF) active 4-49 security 2-24 rendezvous point (RP) 8-1 2-15 voice ports associated with 2-13 signaling flow 2-24 4-2 2-27 unicast call, set up 2-26 Cisco Video Surveillance System IP Camera User Guide, Cisco Video Surveillance 253x Series IP Dome IN-6 OL-20004-01 Index SIP provider under-detection configuring for Cisco IPICS description unicast 2-38 call flow to multicast 2-38 for policy engine 1-4 spanning tree (STP) attack mitigation sparse mode (SM) 4-8 4-50 2-27 connection trunk 7-18 in WAN that is not multicast enabled 4-2 Sustained Cell Rate connection set up 2-28 POTS use for connection 4-4 stream mixing 4-6 2-26 2-24 T T1 interface V 2-12 TACACS+ VIC2-2E/M interface card 4-49 Time to Live (TTL) cabling 2-29 tone control 3-2 overview 3-2 2-wire configuration for single frequency 3-39 virtual interface (VIF) 4-wire configuration for single frequency 3-40 Virtual Private Network (VPN) channel configurations in Cisco IPICS configuration for two-ten frequencies considerations frequencies 3-14 4-8 4-8 4-8 3-8 Voice and Video Enabled IP Security Protocol (IPSec) 7-3 topology MPLS with multicast VPN 7-4 voice packet 4-7 voice payload 7-10 multiple site model 7-3 4-7 voice port associating IP address with 7-2 configuration example trunked radio feedback tones 4-44 voice quality 3-51 hybrid configuration trust boundary conventional use with LMR 3-8, 3-15 single site model 4-8 overview 3-1 multicast island See VTG enabling 3-12 3-15 signaling virtual talk group aggressive 3-16 native functionality phases 3-42 7-3 voice activation detection (VAD) 3-12 manual tone configuration overview 3-51 2-15 3-52 2-15 2-25 4-5, 4-8, 4-32, 4-36 voice stream mixing See mixing voice streams, supported in Cisco IPICS VoIP bearer traffic U UDP port 4-45 VoIP traffic, transmission rate 4-33 VPN 2-10 4-5 7-4 Cisco Video Surveillance System IP Camera User Guide, Cisco Video Surveillance 253x Series IP Dome OL-20004-01 IN-7 Index VTG about 2-11 communication between channels creation 2-11 LMR endpoints in members 2-11 2-9 2-11 mixing channels in 2-15 mixing of channels 2-11 multicast address 2-11 multicast address requirements 2-9 participants speaking simultaneously restricting access 2-15 2-23 RMS resource consumption 2-9 Weighted-Fair Queuing (WFQ) 4-33 W Cisco Video Surveillance System IP Camera User Guide, Cisco Video Surveillance 253x Series IP Dome IN-8 OL-20004-01 ... http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/ps7026/tsd_products_support_series_home.html • For other SRND documents, go to this URL: http://www.cisco.com/go /srnd Revision History This document may be updated at any time without... Network Design (SRND) for Cisco IPICS Release 2.1(1) OL-12996-03 xi Preface Obtaining Documentation, Obtaining Support, and Security Guidelines Solution Reference Network Design (SRND) for Cisco... partnership relationship between Cisco and any other company (0908R) Solution Reference Network Design (SRND) for Cisco IPICS Release 2.1(1) Copyright © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc All rights reserved CONTENTS