luyệ thì quá khứ đơn

LUYỆN TẬP THÌ QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN Học viên: A Luyện tập ngữ pháp Bài 1: Hoàn thành câu sau dạng khứ đơn : It/ be/ cloudy/ yesterday In 1990/ we/ move/ to another city When/ you/ get/ the first gift? She/ not/ go/ to the church/ five days ago How/ be/ he/ yesterday? Mr and Mrs James/ come back home/ and/ have/ lunch/ late/ last night? They/ happy/ last holiday ? How/ you/ get there? I/ play/ football/ last/ Sunday 10 My/ mother/ make/ two/ cake/ four/ day/ ago 11 Tyler/ visit/ his/ grandmother/ last/ month 12 Joni/ go/ zoo/ five/ day/ ago 13 We/ have/ fun/ yesterday 14 My/ father/ not/ at the office/ the day/ before yesterday Bài 2: Lựa chọn điền dạng từ : teach cook want be sleep study spend ring go write She… out with her boyfriend last night Laura… a meal yesterday afternoon Mozart… more than 600 pieces of music I… tired when I came home The bed was very comfortable so they… very well 6 Jamie passed the exam because he… very hard My father… the teenagers to drive when he was alive Dave… to make a fire but there was no wood The little boy… hours in his room making his toys 10 The telephone… several times and then stopped before I could answer it Bài 3: Chia động ngoặc dạng khứ đơn : Snow White was the daughter of a beautiful queen, who died when the girl (be)1……… young Her father (marry)2………….again, but the girl’s stepmother was very jealous of her because she was so beautiful The evil queen (order)3………….a hunter to kill Snow White but he couldn’t it because she was so lovely He (chase)4………….her away instead, and she (take)5………….refuge with seven dwarfs in their house in the forest She (live)6………….with the dwarfs and took care of them and they (love)7………….her dearly Then one day the talking mirror (tell)8………….the evil queen that Snow White was still alive She (change)9………….herself into a witch and (make)10………….a poisoned apple She (go)11………….to the dwarfs’ house disguised as an old woman and tempted Snow White to eat the poisoned apple, which (put)12………….her into an everlasting sleep Finally, a prince (find)13………….her in the glass coffin where the dwarfs had put her and woke her up with a kiss Snow White and the prince (be)14………….married and lived happily ever after Bài 4: Chuyển động từ bất quy tắc sau sang dạng khứ: Be Become Begin Break Bring Build Buy Choose Come 10 Cost 11 Cut 12 Do 13 Dream 14 Drink 15 Eat 16 Feel 17 Find 18 Forget 19 Get 20 Give B Đọc- hiểu: VIỆT NAM CIVIL WAR In 1429, king Lê Thái Tổ issued a royal proclamation that if he’s dead, his first child whose name is Lê Tư Tề would be the next king of Đại Việt Furthermore, He explained himself to other officers: “Once I am dead, Lê Tư Tề will be promoted into king position and Lê Nguyên Long will be his brother’s successor” However, Lê Nguyên Long did not accept this decision of his own father He induced two very important officers (Lê Sát and Lê Khôi) to topple his brother They forced Phạm Văn Xảo, Trần Nguyên Hãn (close supporters of Lê Tư Tề) to die unjustifiably, then these guys accused falsely king Lê Tư Tề of insane, lustful and murdering his own concubines for no reason In 1433, king Lê Tư Tề was deposed, then Lê Nguyên Long put his brother under house arrest , Lê Tư Tề was dead soon later in silent and deeply resentment Very soon then, Lê Nguyên Long was promoted into king position, his title is Lê Thái Tông Actually, this is the beginning of Lê dynasty’s civil war because Lê Thái Tông was a bad example for his own children In 1442, after visiting the Lệ Chi Viên litchi farm which is belong to officer Nguyễn Trãi, king Lê Thái Tông was dead suddenly at age 20 The court accused Nguyễn Trãi of murdering the king and executed all three generations of this officer’s family This case was named “Lệ Chi Viên mysterious” After the king’s death, Lê Bang Cơ was promoted to be the successor (title Lê Nhân Tông) although he was just a kid at that time However, thanks to his mother and other officers’ support, he soon became a clear-sighted king and helped the country to develop amazingly Unfortunately, in 1459, Lê Thái Tông’s first kid – Lê Nghi Dân came back from Lạng Sơn and sent assassin to imperial palace This assassin murdered both king Lê Nhân Tông and his mother Some historians claimed that Lê Nghi Dân is not Lê Thái Tông’s true blood, they believe very strongly that this guy was the result of his mother’s stealthy relationship On Jul 10th 1459, Lê Nghi Dân declared to be the new king, called himself Thiên Hưng In the time he was in charge, Thiên Hưng replaced all the important officers by his loyal allies Some people who tried to kick him down was murdered all In June 1460, Nguyễn Xí, Đinh Liệt, Lê Lăng, Lê Niệm, Lê Nhân Quý, Trịnh Văn Sái, Nguyễn Đức Trung cooperated to mutinied and they were success in deposing Thiên Hưng This transient king was garotted very soon then, he was 22 years old at that period On June 6th 1460, Nguyễn Xí, Đinh Liệt, Nguyễn Đức Trung were unanimous in proposing Lê Tư Thành to be the new king (title Lê Thánh Tông) Đại Việt stepped in a period of peace and prosperity C Bài tập nói: Hãy kể kỷ niệm khó quên sống bạn Có thể bắt đầu bằng: Today, I want to tell you one of my most unforgetable memory… Kết thúc bằng: To cut off a very long story, I want to say that……… BÀI GIẢI Bài 1: It was cloudy yesterday In 1990, we moved to another city.|In 1990 we moved to another city When did you get the first gift? She did not go to the church five days ago.|She didn’t go to the church five days ago How was he yesterday? Did Mr and Mrs James come back home and have lunch late last night? Were they happy last holiday? How did you get there? I played football last Sunday 10 My mother made two cakes four days ago 11 Tyler visited his grandmother last month 12 Joni went to the zoo five days ago 13 We had fun yesterday 14 My father was not at the office the day before yesterday.|My father wasn’t at the office the day before yesterday Bài 2: went cooked wrote Iwas tired slept studied taught wanted spent 10 rang Bài : Snow White was the daughter of a beautiful queen, who died when the girl (be)1–> was young Her father (marry)2–> married again, but the girl’s stepmother was very jealous of her because she was so beautiful The evil queen (order)3–> ordered a hunter to kill Snow White but he couldn’t it because she was so lovely He (chase)4–> chased her away instead, and she (take)5–> took refuge with seven dwarfs in their house in the forest She (live)6–> lived with the dwarfs and took care of them and they (love)7–> loved her dearly Then one day the talking mirror (tell)8–> told the evil queen that Snow White was still alive She (change)9–> changed herself into a witch and (make)10–> made a poisoned apple She (go)11–> went to the dwarfs’ house disguised as an old woman and tempted Snow White to eat the poisoned apple, which (put)12–> put her into an everlasting sleep Finally, a prince (find)13–> found her in the glass coffin where the dwarfs had put her and woke her up with a kiss Snow White and the prince (be)14–> were married and lived happily ever after Bài 4: Was/were Became Began Broke Brought Built Bought Chose Came 10 Cost 11 Cut 12 Did 13 Dreamt 14 Drunk 15 Ate 16 Felt 17 Found 18 Forgot 19 Got 20 Gave PHẦN KIẾN THỨC BỔ TRỢ (Học Viên Tự Tìm Hiểu Tại Nhà) TÍNH TỪ Định nghĩa: Tính từ từ bổ trợ cho danh từ đại từ, giúp miêu tả đặc tính vật, tượng mà danh từ đại diện Dấu hiệu nhận biết tính từ • Tận “able”: comparable, comfortable, capable, considerable… Ví dụ: We are capable of building this house Chúng tơi có đủ khả xây dựng nhà Tận “ible”: responsible, possible, flexible Ví dụ: No one is responsible for his death Không chịu trách nhiệm cho chết ơng ta • Tận “ous”: dangerous, humorous, notorious, poisonous Ví dụ: This kind of snake is very dangerous Lồi rắn nguy hiểm • Tận “ive”: attractive, decisive Ex: She is a decisive leader Cô người lãnh đạo đầy đốn • Tận “ent”: confident, dependent, different Ví dụ: This book is very different from the others Quyển sách khác • Tận “ful”: careful, harmful, beautiful Ex: My brother is a careful driver Anh trai người lái xe cẩn thận • Tận “less”: careless, harmless Ví dụ: He failed the exam because of his careless attitude Anh trượt kì thi thái độ bất cẩn • Tận “ant”: important Ví dụ: The most important thing in his life is his child Điều quan trọng đời anh đứa • Tận “ic”: economic, specific, toxic Ví dụ: Let’s highlight the specific main point in your essay Hãy làm bật ý quan trọng viết bạn • Tận “ly”: friendly, lovely, costly Ví dụ: He is the most friendly person I’ve known Anh người thân thiện mà tơi biết • Tận “y”: rainy, sunny, muddy (đầy bùn), windy… Ví dụ: I like windy weather Tơi thích thời tiết đầy gió • Tận “al”: economical, historical, physical… Ví dụ: Taking bus to work is a economical way to save money Bắt xe buýt làm cách tiết kiệm tiền bạc • Tận “ing”: interesting, exciting, moving = touching (cảm động) Ví dụ: The film I saw last night was very interesting Bộ phim xem tối qua thú vị • Tận “ed”: excited, interested, tired, surprised… Ví dụ: She is tired of doing too much homework Cô mệt mỏi việc làm nhiều tập nhà 2 Phân loại: Có thể phân loại tính từ theo vị trí tính từ theo chức 2.1 Tính từ theo vị trí: a.Tính từ thường đứng trước danh từ, tính từ đứng trước danh từ đứng mình, khơng có danh từ kèm theo VD: a nice house This house is nice Nhưng có số tính từ kèm danh từ former, main, latter b Tính từ đứng mình, khơng cần danh từ: Thường tính từ bắt đầu "a": aware; afraid;alive;awake; alone; ashamed số tính từ khác như: unable; exempt; content Ví dụ: A bird is afraid Nếu muốn chuyển sang đứng trước danh từ, phải chuyển sang dùng phân từ: A frightened bird 2.2 Tính từ theo chức năng: a Tính từ miêu tả: nice, green, blue, big, good a colorful room, a good boy, a big house * Tính từ mức độ: tính từ diễn tả tính chất đặc tính mức độ (lớn , nhỏ ) khác Những tính từ dùng dạng so sánh phẩm định phó từ mức độ very, rather, so small smaller smallest beautiful more beautiful the most beautiful very old so hot extremely good b Tính từ số đếm: bao gồm tính từ số đếm (cardianls) one, two, three tính từ số thứ tự (ordinals) first, second, third, c Đối với từ thị: this, that, these,those; sở hữu (possesives) my, his, their bất định (indefinites) some, many, Vị trí tính từ: Tính từ chia theo vị trí sau: a Trước danh từ: a small house an old woman có nhiều tính từ đứng trước danh từ, trật tự tính từ sau: Opinion (nhận xét, ý kiến) > Size (kích thước) > Quality (chất lượng) > Age (tuổi) > Shape (hình dạng) > Color (màu sắc) > Participle Forms (thì hồn thành) > Origin (xuất xứ) > Material (nguyên liệu) > Type (loại) > Purpose (mục đích sử dụng) b Sau động từ: ( be động từ seem, look, feel ) She is tired Jack is hungry John is very tall c Sau danh từ: Tính từ sau danh từ bổ trợ trường hợp sau đây: * Khi tính từ dùng để phẩm chất/tính chất đại từ bất định: There is nothing interesting [nothing đại từ bất định] I'll tell you something new [something đại từ bất định] * Khi hai hay nhiều tính từ nối với "and" "but", ý tưởng diễn tả tính từ nhấn mạnh: The writer is both clever and wise The old man, poor but proud, refused my offer * Khi tính từ dùng cụm từ diễn tả đo lường: The road is kms long A building is ten storeys high * Khi tính từ dạng so sánh: They have a house bigger than yours The boys easiest to teach were in the classroom * Khi khứ phân từ thành phần mệnh đề rút gọn: The glass broken yesterday was very expensive * Một số khứ phân từ (P2) như: involved, mentioned, indicated: The court asked the people involved Look at the notes mentioned/indicated hereafter Tính từ dùng danh từ Một số tính từ dùng danh từ để tập hợp người khái niệm thường có "the" trước the poor, the blind, the rich, the deaf, the sick, the handicapped, the good, the old; Ví dụ : The rich not know how the poor live (the rich= rich people, the blind = blind people) Sự hành thành Tính từ kép/ghép a Định nghĩa: Tính từ kép kết hợp hai nhiều từ lại với dùng tính từ b Cách viết: Khi từ kết hợp với để tạo thành tính từ kép, chúng viết: * thành từ nhất: life + long = lifelong car + sick = carsick * thành hai từ có dấu nối (-) world + famous = world-famous Cách viết tính từ kép phân loại có tính tương đối Một tính từ kép số người ngữ viết có dấu gạch nối (-) lúc số người viết liền chúng thay đổi cáh viết theo thời gian c Cấu tạo: Tính từ kép tạo thành bởi: Danh từ + tính từ: snow-white (trắng tuyết) carsick (say xe) world-wide (khắp giới) noteworthy (đánh ý) Danh từ + phân từ handmade (làm tay) heartbroken (đau lòng) homegorwn (nhà trồng) heart-warming (vui vẻ) Phó từ + phân từ never-defeated (khơng bị đánh bại) outspoken (thẳng thắn) well-built (tráng kiện) everlasting (vĩnh cửu) Tính từ + tính từ blue-black (xanh đen) white-hot (cực nóng) dark-brown (nâu đậm) worldly-wise (từng trải) d Tính từ kép dấu gạch ngang (hyphenated adjectives) Ví dụ: A four-year-old girl = The girl is four years old A ten-storey building = The building has ten storeys A never-to-be-forgetten memory = The memory will be never forgotten