GIÁO ÁN TIẾNG ANH, SỰ HÒA HỢP GIỮA, CHỦ NGỮ VÀ ĐỘNG TỪ,SUBJECT AND VERB AGREEMENT
SUBJECT AND VERB AGREEMENT (Sự hòa hợp chủ ngữ động từ) I Hai danh từ/đại từ số nối với “AND”: Thì động từ chia số nhiều: - She and I are best friends - Linh and my child are playing in the garden - The singer and the composer are coming to stage • Nếu hai danh từ diễn đạt ý kiện thuộc động từ đươc chia số ít: Ex: The singer and composer is coming to stage The salt and pepper is my favorite taste Bread and butter is popular in British • Phép cộng dùng số ít: - Ex: Two and four is six II Hai danh từ nối với cụm “As well as”, “together with”, “ Acompanied by”, “ along with”, with động từ chia theo danh t đứng trước: Ex: Mr.Kien, as well as his children, is watching “Tom and Jerry” Obama, accompanied by his wife and children , is coming into the White House III Hai danh từ nối với cấu trúc: Either … or, Neither … nor, or, not only … but also …” động từ hợp với chủ ngữ thứ hai Ex: Either he or I am right Not only she but her children were absent from the party IV Các đại từ bất định (indefinite pronouns): each no one, none nobody someone somebody everything any one anybody everybody something với động từ số Ex: nothing anything - Each of them gets another cup of lemon tea Somebody doesn’t like facebook V Cấu trúc: A number of + N (plural) + V (plural) The number of + N (plural) + V (singular) A large number of/ A great number of + N (count) + V (plural) A great deal of/ A large amount of + N (uncount) + V (Sing) Ex: A number of students are taking part in the competition The number of students taking part in the competition is 30 VI Các danh từ có hình thức số nhiều mang ý nghĩa số với động từ số ít: • Một số danh từ mơn học có tận ics: Ethics (đạo đức) Physics (Vật lý học) Economics (Kinh tế học) - Optics học) (quang học) Politics (Chính trị học) Linguistics (Ngơn ngữ Civics (Giáo dục công dân) Phonetics (Ngữ âm học) Statistics (Thống kê học) Genetics (Di truyền học) Mathematics (Toán học) Ex: Mathematics is my favorite subject • Một số mơn thể thao: Athletics (điền kinh) Gymnastics (thể dục) Ex:Athletics is a strength of Vietnamese sport Một số bệnh: Measles (bệnh sởi) đường) Paralysics (bệnh bại liệt) Mumps (bệnh quai bị) Rabies (bệnh dại) Diabetes (bệnh tiểu Appendicitis (bệnh ruột thừa) Ex Measles is a common disease VII Danh từ riêng vài danh từ khác tận –s: Ex: Peter Pan’s Travels is a very interesting novel The Arabian Nights has delighted many generations The news surprises everyone VIII - Các danh từ tập hợp với động từ số hay số nhiều tùy thuộc vào ý người nói: Nếu danh từ tập hợp có ý nói thành viên động từ chia dạng số nhiều: Ex: My family are going to Da Nang in this summer The government are having an important meeting in this morning Nếu danh từ tập hợp nói tính chất tập thể đơn vị thống động từ chia dạng số - Ex: My family has four members The government has just promulgated a new decree Association (liên đoàn) Class (lớp học) Community (cộng đồng) Coucil (hội đồng) Group (nhóm người, vật) Department (phân khoa) Orchestra (dàn nhạc) Crowd (đám đông) Public (công chúng) Crew (thủy thủ đoàn) Committee (ủy ban) Club (câu lạc bộ) Audience (khán giả) Government (chính phủ) Staff (hội đồng) Flock (đàn thú) Family (gia đình) Firm (cơng ty) Company (cơng ty) IX Army (quân đội) Team (đội) Hai danh từ nối of: Hai danh từ nối với of chia theo danh từ phía trước đứng trước danh từ là: none, some,most, all, most, majority, minority, half, the rest, the last, a lot, plenty of, phân số … lại phải chia theo danh từ mà đứng trước (nếu danh từ số động từ chia số ngược lại) Ex: Half of the students haven’t wear uniform Half of money is mine Two – fifths of the money was lost Two – fifths of the books were lost Most of the water is polluted X XI Danh từ, chủ ngữ thời gian, tiền bạc, khoảng cách, trọng lượng ln hợp với động từ số ít: Ten tons of rice is exported to Laos Five years is a long time to finish this research Một số danh từ số nhiều khơng có tận –s, ln k ết h ợp v ới động từ số nhiều: police (cảnh sát) , people (người ta) , cattle (trâu bò) , clergy (giới tu sĩ) , folk (dân chúng) , poultry (gà vịt) Eg: The police have arrived Poultry are being fed The cattle are in shed * Nhưng poultry xem loại thức ăn, dùng động t số XII Một số danh từ có hình thức số nhiều sau kết hợp với động t số nhiều: belongings (vật dụng cá nhân) clothes (quần áo) remains (hài cốt) congratulations (sự chúc mừng) earnings (thu nhập) surroundings (vùng xung quanh) glasses (kính đeo mắt) goods (hàng hóa) troops (binh lính) savings (tiền tiết kiệm) scissors (kéo) premises (cơ sở) stairs (cầu thang) shorts (quần ngắn) outskirts (ngoại ô) thanks (lời cảm ơn) trousers (quần dài) particulars (chi tiết) Ex: - The goods were sent from a foreign company His belongings were stolen at night These blue trousers are too short for me Savings help us a lot in special situations Tuy nhiên chúng với: A pair of, a group of, etc đ ộng từ chia dạng số XIII Những danh từ không đếm với động từ số it Ex: Furniture in this room is too old Một số trường hợp khác: • Thành ngữ bắt đầu với ONE OF thường với danh từ số nhi ều nh ưng k ết hợp với động từ số Ex: One of my friends is going to Ha Noi next week • Trong câu there here, động từ thường hịa hợp với chủ ngữ đứng câu Ex: There comes the bus Here are your keys • Khi chủ từ danh từ khơng đếm được, dùng động từ số Eg: The coffee is too hot for me to drink Sugar is not always good for health • Cụm từ bắt đầu hình thái ngun mẫu có to động từ hình thái có –ing động từ kết hợp với động từ số Eg: To help you is my pleasure Doing regular morning exercises is good for your health • Mệnh đề bắt đầu với that kết hợp với động từ số Eg: That you get good mark does not surprise me That he has won the race is hot news • Danh từ mở rộng cụm giới từ -> V chia theo danh t đ ứng tr ước giới từ -( Khi chủ từ cụm danh từ, động từ phải hòa hợp với danh từ c ụm t đó) • Khi tính từ đứng sau the dùng danh từ làm chủ từ, kết hợp với động từ số nhiều Eg: The rich have the responsibility to help the poor The homeless need helping immediately • Động từ theo sau đại từ liên hệ hòa hợp với danh t đ ứng tr ước đ ược thay Eg: The woman who teachs you English is my mother The students who are sitting around the table are not in my class • Khi chủ từ từ English, Vietnamese…dùng động từ số muốn đề cập đến ngôn ngữ (không dùng với the) Dùng đ ộng t s ố nhiều đề cập đ ến người nước (dùng với the) Eg: English is so difficult to master The English are very proud of their country 1: Each of you………a share in the work A to have B have D has 2: We need more sugar There is…………sugar in the pot A little B much D many 3: His pronunciation causes me a lot of _.A difficult B difficultly D difficulty C having C any C difficulties 4.There are small……………………….between British and American English A differences B difference C differently D different 5: Each student the lesson very well.A understand B understands C understanding understand D to Can you see anybody in that classroom? - Yes There _ a teacher and fifty students there A have been B has been C is D are students in this class have trouble finding time to work out A Many of B A great deal of C Mostly all D Few 8: I'd like to go on a holiday, but I haven't got many money A B C D 9: There is _ water in the bottle.A many little B a number of C few D a 10: He felt very sad because he had friends in the village A a few B few C little D a little 11: Peter earned a large number of money last year A B C D 12: "Would you like to have coffee?”A little few B many 13 When I came in, everyone were watching a film A B C D Exercises Choose the best answer A, B, C or D: A large number of students in this school……… English quite fluently a speaks b is speaking c has spoken d speak A series of lectures………being presented at the Central Hall this week C some D a are b will be c has become d is Beauty as well as health ……… failed her this term a has b have c is d are Bread and butter ……… what she asks for a is b are c will be d have been Each student……… answered the first three questions a has b have c have to d must Either John or his wife ………breakfast each morning a make b is making c makes d made Everybody who ……… a fever must go home at once a has b have c is having d are having Five dollars ………all I have on me a are b is c will be d have John, along with twenty friends, ……… planning a party a are b is c has been d have been 10 Mathematics……… the science of quantity a was b are c is d were 11 Measles………cured without much difficulty nowadays a is b are c will be d have 12 Neither Mary nor her brothers……a consent form for tomorrow’s field trip a need b needs c is needing d has need 13 Peter, together with his uncle, ……………fishing a have gone b has gone c go d goes 14 The army………… eliminated this section of the training test a has b is having c are d have 15 The number of the months in a year …………twelve a was b were c are d is 16 The picture of the soldiers……… back many memories a will bring b brings c bring d have brought 17 These pictures, as well as the photograph……… the room a brightens b brightening c brighten d being brightened 18 The quality of the recordings ……… not very good a is b are c is being d has been 19 This house as well as that one……… for sale, which will you have? a are b is c have d has 20 To what place ………either the man or his son wish to go? a is b does c d are 21 Twenty miles……… a long way to walk a are b was c is d were 22 What he told you……… to be of no importance a seems b seem c must seem d have seemed 23 Mathematics……… not always an exact science a was b are c is d were 24 Mr John, accompanied by several members of the committee,……… proposed some changes of the rules a have b has c are d is 25 The flock of birds………… circling overhead a gets b are c is d get 26 The levels of intoxication………… from subject to subject a has been varied b have been varied c varies d vary 27 The majority of the students……… him to be innocent a was made b believe c makes d make 28 The pair of the pliers……… on the table a was b were c put d puts 29 The use of credit cards in place of cash……… increased rapidly in recent years a have been b has been c has d have 30 Advertisements on television………… becoming more competitive than ever before a has b have c are d is Supply the correct tenses and form of the verbs in parentheses: The English (be) ……… famous for their calmness The money that (spend) ………… on education every year (be) ………not enough The number of employees who (not, finish) ………… their work yet (have) ……… to work on the weekend The office (close) …………on the weekend The office (try) ………a lot to win the boss’s heart recently Five kilos of gold (steal) ……… from the bank yesterday Physics (cause) …………you any trouble at school Yesterday, neither you nor I (choose) ………… to deliver the speech So who (choose) ……… ?Daisy and Ann (be) ……… That you enjoy the food I cook (encourage) ………… me a lot 10 When I (see) …………you yesterday, the boy in black trousers (try) …… to steal your wallet 11 The contracts signed by the company (have) …………been voided because some stipulations were not met 12 Ten miles (be) ……… a very long distance for us to walk 13 Each package that is not properly wrapped (have) ……… to be returned to the sender 14 The keys of the house (have) ……… been lost 15 The plan as well as the proposals (be) ……… to be presented in the coming Monday meeting 16 The box of ribbons for the electric typewriter (have) ……… been misplaced 17 It is disconcerting to believe that every possible candidate (have) …… been rejected for one reason or another 18 There (have) ……… been more excitement in this city about a sporting event 19 To me, Mathematics (be) ………something very easy to master 20 If nobody (have) ……… bought that car from the dealer, then you should return and make another offer 3 Correct the sentences if necessary Check (√) s any that are already correct: The Chinese has an interesting history English is one of the most popular language in the world The scissors on the table is my sister’s Linguistics is my major field of study There are good furniture in this showroom The cattle is grazing in the meadow The interrogation, conducted by the police officers, have lasted for several hours The tenants in the apartment next to mine is giving a party this evening The president, surrounded by secret service agents, is trying to make his way to the podium 10 The buildings destroyed during the fire are being rebuilt at the taxpayers’ expense 11 20 percent of the forest have been destroyed lately 12 The witnesses saw that most of the fire in the hills was extinguished 13 Some of the animals from the zoo was released into the animals preserve 14 All of the students in the class taught by Professor Roberts is required to turn in their term papers next Monday 15 Half of the food that we are serving to the guests are still in the refrigerator 16 We believe that some of the employees is going to be devoted to quality control 17 It is impossible to believe that somebody actually admire that man 18 Each of the doctors in the building needs to have a separate reception area 19 The president felt that no one were better suited for the position of chief staff advisor 20 Everybody participating in the fund-raiser are to turn in the tickets by 00 Complete the sentences with is / are, has / have or dose /do Either John or you ……… to be responsible for the unfinished work David, as well as his friends, …………collecting waste paper to recycle John and Helen …… not admit to have broken the window Neither Tom nor his friends……… lost the keys Both Peter and his girlfriend……… working for a bank Neither the library nor the bookstore…………the book I need Tom as well as his two close friends ………not in class today Both Ron and Bob ………passed the exam successfully One of the staffs……… to report the problem to the manager 10 Either the girl or her parents…………going to be present at the party In each of the following sentences, put the verb in brackets into the correct form: Two weeks (go) fast when you are on vacation Many of the girls in my school (wear) white shirts Three kilos of potatoes (make) the basket heavier 4 Some of the tables in the classroom (be) broken Bacteria of the harmful kind (cause) diseases What we need most (be) books The English (be) proud and independent people The United States (have) a population of 250 million There (be, not) any letters in the mail for you today 10 Everyone in both cars (be) injured in the accident last night 11 The books borrowed from the library (be) on my desk 12 The boy who won the two medals (be) a friend of mine 13 Bread and butter (be) our daily food 14 The quality of the candies (be) poor 15 Gold, as well as platinum, (have) recently risen in price 16 His courage and endurance (be) tried to the utmost 17 No news (be) good news 18 A good man and useful citizen (have) passed away 19 The jury (be) divided in their opinions 20 The cost of all these articles (have) risen 3/ Đáp án (Answers): 1) D A number of kết hợp với động từ số nhiều A A B bread butter xem chủ thể riêng biệt A C A B Các danh từ thời gian, tiền bạc, khoảng cách thường kết hợp với động từ số B 10 C 11 A 12 A 13 B 15 D The number of kết hợp với động từ số 14 A 16 B 17 C Động từ kết hợp với chủ từ these pictures, không kết hợp với danh từ theo sau as well as 18 A 19 B 20 B 21 C 23 C Tên môn học kết hợp với động từ số 26 D 27 B 28 A 22 A 24 B 25 C 29 C Động từ kết hợp với chủ ngữ đơn use 30 C 2) are was chosen; was chosen; were 15 is is spent; is encourages 16 has hasn’t finished; has 10 saw; was trying 17 has is closed 11 have 18 has have tried 12 is 19 is was stolen 13 has 20 has does physics 14 have cause 3) has-have is-are language-languages √ is-are 15 are-is 16 √ 10 √ 17 admire-admires √ 11 have-has 18 √ are-is 12 √ 19 were-was is-are 13 was-were have-has 20 are-is 14 is-are 4) have have is is are have has has goes has 15 has wear aren’t 16 is (was) makes 10 was are 11 are 18 has cause 12 is 19 are (were) is 13 is 20 has are 14 is 5) 17 is (was) 10 are ... • Danh từ mở rộng cụm giới từ -> V chia theo danh t đ ứng tr ước giới từ -( Khi chủ từ cụm danh từ, động từ phải hịa hợp với danh từ c ụm t đó) • Khi tính từ đứng sau the dùng danh từ làm chủ. .. next week • Trong câu there here, động từ thường hòa hợp với chủ ngữ đứng câu Ex: There comes the bus Here are your keys • Khi chủ từ danh từ không đếm được, dùng động từ số Eg: The coffee is too... kết hợp với chủ từ these pictures, không kết hợp với danh từ theo sau as well as 18 A 19 B 20 B 21 C 23 C Tên mơn học kết hợp với động từ số 26 D 27 B 28 A 22 A 24 B 25 C 29 C Động từ kết hợp