có loại câu ước: 1: điều ước S + wish + (that) + S + Ved động từ sau wish phải chia simple past tobe phải chia were tất 2: điều ước khứ S + wish + (that) + S + could have + V S + wish + (that) + S + past perfect 3; điều ước twong lai S+ wish + (that) + S + could/would+V S+ wish + (that) + S + were + V-ing Wish Để diễn đạt mong muốn tại, dùng cấu trúc S + wish + khứ Ex : I wish I knew the answer to this question ( at present i don't know the answer ) I wish I didn't have so much work to ( I have a lot of work ) Wish khứ Để diễn đạt mong muốn khứ, dùng S + wish + The Past perfect Ex : I wish I had gone to your party last week ( I did not go ) Wish tương lai Chúng ta dùng could để diễn đạt mong muốn việc tương lai Ex : I wish Jane could meet me next week Chúng ta could để diễn tả việc nhìn chung khó thực hiện, khơng khả thi Ex : I wish I could drive I wish I could contact him, but I don't have my mobile phone with me Chúng ta dùng have to để nói mong muốn việc tương lai : Ex : I wish I didn't have to get up early tomorrow Wish dùng với would Khi muốn phàn nàn thói quen xấu, dùng S + wish + would Ex : I wish Peter wouldn't chew gum all the time Chúng ta dùng I wish + would để diễn tả điều mà muốn điều xảy Ex : I wish the police would something about these people! If only Chúng ta thay I wish If only để nhấn mạnh Ex : If only I knew the answer to this question! If only I had gone to your party last week! Trong văn nói, only thường trọng âm câu It's time Cấu trúc It's time I/you/we + V( khứ đơn ) Ex : Sorry, but it's time we went home (1) Nghĩa câu (1) tương tự câu ĐK loại 2: If we went home, it would be better High thường thêm vào để nhấn mạnh thêm It's high time you learned to look after yourself! It's time dùng với động từ nguyên thể có "to" Nghĩa câu thay đổi với cách dùng : Ex : It's time you started work! ( you're being lazy and not working) It's time to start work ( a simple statement of fact ) I'd rather ( I would rather ) Cấu trúc I'd rather I/you/we + V( khứ đơn ) Ex : I'd rather you didn't tell John about this (2) Nghĩa câu (2) tương tự với câu ĐK loại : If you didn't tell John about this, it would be better Suppose imagine Trong văn nói hàng ngày, dùng suppose imagine để thay if Cấu trúc giống câu ĐK loại thông thường Ex : Suppose you lost your keys What would you do? Imagine you were rich How would you feel? Sau WISH (ước, ước gì) và IF ONLY (giá mà, phải chi) là một mệnh đề chỉ điều ước, mợt điều khơng có thật Có loại mệnh đề sau WISH IF ONLY, dùng để chỉ ao ước tương lai, hiện tại khư Wish about the future Ý nghĩa: Chúng ta sử dụng câu ước tương lai với mong muốn đó, việc tốt đẹp tương lai Cấu trúc: S + WISH + S + would/ could + V (bare-infinitive) IF ONLY + S + would/ could + V (bare-infinitive) Ví dụ: • I wish you wouldn’t leave your clothes all over the floor • I wish I would be an astronaut in the future • If only I would take the trip with you next week • If only I would be able to attend your wedding next week • I wish they would stop arguing Wish about the present Ý nghĩa: Chúng ta dùng câu ước hiện tại để ước về điều không có thật hiện tại, thường là thể hiện nuối tiếc về tình hiện tại (regret about present situations) Cấu trúc: S + WISH + S+ V (simple past) IF ONLY + S+ V (simple past) (be were) Ví dụ: • If wish I were rich (But I am poor now) • I can’t swim I wish I could swim • If only she were here (The fact is that she isn’t here) • We wish that we didn’t have to go to class today (The fact is that we have to go to class today) 3 Wish about the past Ý nghĩa: Chúng ta sử dụng câu ước qúa khư để ước điều trái với xảy khư, thường là để diễn tả nuối tiếc với tình khư S + WISH + S + V ( PII) = IF ONLY + S + V ( P2) S + WISH + S + COULD HAVE + P2 = IF ONLY+ S + COULD HAVE + P2 Ví dụ: • • • • • If only I had gone by taxi (I didn’t go by taxi) I wish I hadn’t failed my exam last year (I failed my exam) She wishes she had had enough money to buy the house (She didn’t have enough money to buy it) If only I had met her yesterday (I didn’t meet her) She wishes she could have been there (She couldn’t be there.) Exercise 1: Give the correct form of the verbs in the parentheses She wishes her father (be) here now to help her We wish we (understand) all the teacher’s explanation yesterday I wish you (not give) them my phone number yesterday He missed an exciting football match on TV last night He wishes he (watch) it I wish they (visit) us when they were in town If only I (have) more time to this job I wish she (come) to see me yesterday I wish someone (give) me a job next month 10 I wish that someday I (be) able to marry her If only I (can take) the trip to Hanoi with her next summer Exercise 2: Choose the best answer: I'm not very fit I wish It's very hot A I would be fitter A I wish it were cooler B I were fitter B I wish it was rain tomorrow C I was fitter C If only it had rained I was really lazy in my childhood B I wish they would be quiet A I wish I were more active C If only they had been quiet B If only I would practice more sport We had a terrible problem with the computer yesterday C I wish I had done more sport A I wish you would repair it Those children are really noisy B I wish it would never happen again A I wish they were quieter C I wish your friend Ramon had been here ... sau WISH IF ONLY, dùng để chỉ ao ước tương lai, hiện tại khư Wish about the future Ý nghĩa: Chúng ta sử dụng câu ước tương lai với mong muốn đó, việc tốt đẹp tương lai Cấu trúc: S + WISH. .. suppose imagine để thay if Cấu trúc giống câu ĐK loại thông thường Ex : Suppose you lost your keys What would you do? Imagine you were rich How would you feel? Sau WISH (ước, ước gì) và IF ONLY... • We wish that we didn’t have to go to class today (The fact is that we have to go to class today) 3 Wish about the past Ý nghĩa: Chúng ta sử dụng câu ước qúa khư để ước điều trái với xảy