Ô tô Camry 3.5Q - Phần 1 Phần 1 (Tài liệu bằng tiếng anh) gồm: - Kết cấu thân xe - Kết cấu phần điện - CHASSIS - Kích thước xe - Động cơ xe
CHASSIS – BRAKEService TipWhen brake control system is activated, the brake pedal could shudder, which is a normal occurrenceof the system in operation and should not be considered a malfunction.CH-132JBRAKE CONTROL SYSTEM (ABS with EBD, Brake Assist, TRC and VSC)1. GeneralThe brake control system (ABS with EBD, brake assist, TRC and VSC) of new Camry has the followingfunctions:FunctionOutlineABS(Anti-lock Brake System)The ABS helps prevent the wheels from locking when the brakes areapplied firmly or when braking on a slippery surface.EBD(Electronic Brakeforce Distribution)The EBD control utilizes ABS, realizing the proper brake force distributionbetween front and rear wheels in accordance with the driving conditions.In addition, during cornering braking, it also controls the brake forces ofright and left wheels, helping to maintain the vehicle behavior.Brake Assist(Electrical Type)The primary purpose of the brake assist is to provide an auxiliary brakeforce to assist the driver who cannot generate a large brake force duringemergency braking, thus helping draw the vehicle’s brake performance.TRC(Traction Control)The TRC system helps prevent the drive wheels from slipping if the driverpresses the accelerator pedal excessively when starting off or acceleratingon a slippery surface.VSC(Vehicle Stability Control)The VSC system helps prevent the vehicle from slipping sideways as aresult of strong front wheel skid or strong rear wheel skid during cornering. CHCHASSIS – BRAKE02KCH35TESpeed SensorsStop Light SwitchStop Light Control Relay*1Stop Light*1VSC Warning BuzzerCombination MeterSpeedometerSkid ControlECUBrake ActuatorSolenoid RelayMaster Cylinder CutSolenoid Valve (2)Solenoid Valve (8)Master Cylinder Pressure SensorPump MotorMotor RelayMotor Cut RelayFrom BatteryDLC3Parking Brake SwitchMain Body ECUYaw Rat e & Deceleration SensorSteering Angle SensorCAN(CAN No.2 Bus)CAN Gateway ECUDistance ControlECU*1Millimeter WaveRadar Sensor*1Crankshaft Position SensorAccelerator PedalPosition SensorNeutral Start SwitchEngine ECUThrottle BodyThrottle Position SensorThrottle Control MotorCombination MeterABS Warning LightSlip Indicator LightBrake System Warning LightVSC Warning Light*3Master Warning Light*2Multi-information Display*2CAN(CAN No.1 Bus)CH-1332. System Diagram" Model with ADVICS brake actuator A*1: Models with dynamic radar type cruise control system*2: Models with multi-information display*3: Models without multi-information display CHASSIS – BRAKE02KCH36TESpeed Sensor (4)Stop Light SwitchVSC Warning BuzzerCombination MeterSpeedometerSkid ControlECUBrake ActuatorSolenoid RelayMaster Cylinder CutSolenoid Valve (2)Reservoir Cut Solenoid Valve (2)Solenoid Valve (8)Master Cylinder Pressure SensorPump MotorMotor RelayFrom BatteryDLC3Yaw Rate & Lateral Acceleration SensorSteeringAngle SensorCAN (CAN No.1 Bus)Parking Brake SwitchMain Body ECUCrankshaft Position SensorAccelerator PedalPosition SensorNeutral StartSwitchEngine ECUThrottle BodyThrottle Position SensorThrottle Control MotorCombination MeterABS Warning LightSlip Indicator LightBrake System Warning LightMaster Warning LightMulti-information DisplayCH-134" Model with Bosch brake actuator A CHCHASSIS– BRAKED13N68Master CylinderPressure SensorSignalSkid ControlECUThe fluid pressure is increasedby the brake actuatorWith Brake AssistD13N67Without Brake Assist*170CH18BrakingForceWith Brake AssistWithout Brake AssistTimeCH-1353.Outline of EBD Control FunctionThe detailed outline is the same as that of brake control system (ABS with EBD). For details, see pageCH-122.4. Outline of Brake AssistD The brake assist in combination with ABS help to improve the vehicle’s brake performance.D The brake assist interprets a quick push of the brake pedal as emergency braking and supplements the brakepower applied if the driver has not stepped hard enough on the brake pedal. In emergencies, some drivers,especially inexperienced ones, often panic and do not apply sufficient pressure on the brake pedal.D A key feature of brake assist system is that the timing and the degree of braking assistance are designedto help ensure that the driver does not discern anything unusual about the braking operation. When thedriver intentionally eases up on the brake pedal, the system reduces the amount of assistance it provides.D Based on the signals from the master cylinder pressure sensor, the skid control ECU calculates the speedand the amount of the brake pedal application and then determines the intention of the driver to make anemergency braking. If the skid control ECU determines that the driver intends the emergency braking, thesystem activates the brake actuator to increase the brake fluid pressure, which increases the braking force." In case that the driver’s depressing force is small when applying emergency braking A*: The basic performance of the brake is the same as of the model with the brake assist CHASSIS – BRAKE02KCH37YWithout TRC SystemWith TRC SystemSlippery SurfaceSlippery SurfaceBrake Actuator with Skid ControlECUBrakethe slipping drive-wheelEngine ECUD Regulating the throttle to control the engine outputCH-1365. Outline of TRC FunctionD If the driver presses the accelerator pedal aggressively when initially acceleration or when acceleratingon a slippery surface, the drive wheels could slip due to the excessive amount of torque that is generated.By applying hydraulic brake control to the drive wheels and regulating the throttle to control the engineoutput, the TRC helps minimize the slippage of the drive wheels, thus generating the drive force that isappropriate for the road surface conditions.D For example, a comparison may be made between two vehicles, one with the TRC function and the otherwithout. If the driver of each vehicle operates the accelerator pedal in a rough manner while driving overa surface with different surface friction characteristics, the drive wheel on the slippery surface could slipas illustrated. As a result, the vehicle could become unstable.However, when the vehicle is equipped with the TRC function, the skid control ECU instantly determinesthe state of the vehicle and operates the brake actuator in order to apply the brake of the slipping drivewheel. Furthermore, the engine ECU receives the signals from the skid control ECU and regulates thethrottle in order to control the engine output. Thus, this function can constantly maintain a stable vehicleposture." Driving condition on road with different surface friction characteristics A CHCHASSIS – BRAKE189CH100Front Wheel Skid Tendency151CH17Rear Wheel Skid Tendency151CH19Actual Locus of Travel(Actual Yaw Rate)Locus of TravelBased on the Target Yaw RateCH-1376. Outline of VSC FunctionGeneralThe followings are two examples that can be considered as circumstances in which the tires exceed theirlateral grip limit.The VSC function is designed to help control the vehicle behavior by controlling the motive force and thebrakes at each wheel when the vehicle is under one of the conditions indicated below.D When the front wheels lose grip in relation to the rear wheels (front wheel skid tendency).D When the rear wheels lose grip in relation to the front wheels (rear wheel skid tendency).Method for Determining the Vehicle ConditionTo determine the condition of the vehicle, sensors detect the steering angle, vehicle speed, vehicle’s yawrate, and the vehicle’s lateral acceleration, which are then calculated by the skid control ECU.1) Determining Front Wheel SkidWhether or not the vehicle is in the state offront wheel skid is determined by thedifference between the target yaw rate and thevehicle’s actual yaw rate.When the vehicle’s actual yaw rate is smallerthan the yaw rate (a target yaw rate that isdetermined by the vehicle speed and steeringangle) that should be rightfully generatedwhen the driver operates the steering wheel, itmeans the vehicle is making a turn at a greaterangle than the locus of travel.Thus, the skid control ECU determines thatthere is a large tendency to front wheel skid. CHASSIS – BRAKE151CH18Direction of Travel of the Vehicle’sCenter of GravitySlip AngleMovement of Vehicle161ES30Braking ForceControl MomentBraking ForceMaking a Right Turn204CH15Control MomentBraking ForceMaking a Right TurnCH-1382) Determining Rear Wheel SkidWhether or not the vehicle is in the state ofrear wheel skid is determined by the values ofthe vehicle’s slip angle and the vehicle’s slipangular velocity (time-dependent changes inthe vehicle’s slip angle). When the vehicle’sslip angle is large, and the slip angularvelocity is also large, the skid control ECUdetermines that the vehicle has a large rearwheel skid tendency.Method for VSC OperationWhen the Skid Control ECU determines that the vehicle exhibits a tendency to front wheel skid or rear wheelskid, it decreases the engine output and applies the brake of a front or rear wheel to control the vehicle’syaw moment.The basic operation of the VSC is described below. However, the control method differs depending on thevehicle’s characteristics and driving conditions.1) Dampening a Strong Front Wheel SkidWhen the skid control ECU determines thatthere is a large front wheel skid tendency, itcounteracts in accordance with the extent ofthat tendency. The skid control ECU controlsthe engine output and applies the brakes of thefront wheels and rear wheel of the inner circleof the turn in order to help restrain the frontwheel skid tendency.2) Dampening a Strong Rear Wheel SkidWhen the skid control ECU determines thatthere is a large rear wheel skid tendency, itcounteracts in accordance with the extent ofthat tendency. It applies the brakes of the frontwheel of the outer circle of the turn, andgenerates an outward moment of inertia in thevehicle, in order to restrain the rear wheel skidtendency. Along with the reduction in thevehicle speed caused by the braking force, theexcellent vehicle’s stability is ensured.In some cases, the skid control ECU appliesthe brake of the rear wheels, as necessary. CHCHASSIS – BRAKE189CH71BrakingOperationBuzzerSoundsThrottle Valve ClosedD Throttle Valve ClosedD Braking OperationSet Vehicle DistanceCH-1397. Outline of Brake Control (Operating of Dynamic Radar Type Cruise Control System)*During dynamic radar type cruise control system operation, if the distance to the vehicle being driven aheadis reduced, and if a sufficient deceleration cannot be attained by fully closing the throttle valve, the skidcontrol ECU activates the brake actuator to apply the brakes according to the distance control ECU’s request.As a result, the stoplights illuminate.If further deceleration is required, the system sounds a VSC warning buzzer to alert the driver to apply thebrakes. This warning buzzer is the same buzzer that the VSC system uses.*: Models with dynamic radar type cruise control system CHASSIS – BRAKE02KCH38TEMulti-information DisplayABS Warning LightSlip Indicator LightMaster Warning LightBrake System Warning LightDistance Control ECU*1VSC WarningBuzzerStop Light SwitchDLC3Steering Angle SensorYaw Rate & Deceleration SensorSpeed SensorsEngine ECU*4Brake Actuator D Skid Control ECUD Master Cylinder Pressure SensorD Solenoid RelayD Motor Relay*3Speed SensorsEngine Room R/BD Motor Relay*2D Motor Cut Relay*2Engine ECU*5VSC Warning LightABS Warning LightModels with Multi-information Display Models without Multi-information DisplayLHD ModelsCH-1408. Layout of Main Components*1: Models with dynamic radar type cruise control system*2: Model with ADVICS brake actuator*3: Model with Bosch brake actuator*4: Model with 2GR-FE engine*5: Model with 1AZ-FE engine and 2AZ-FE engine CHCHASSIS – BRAKECH-1419. Function of Main ComponentsComponent FunctionABS Warning LightLights up to alert the driver when the skid control ECU detects themalfunction in the ABS, EBD or Brake Assist system.Slip Indicator LightD Blinks to inform the driver when the TRC system or the VSCsystem is operated.CombinationMeterBrake SystemWarning LightD Lights up together with ABS warning light to alert the driver whenthe skid control ECU detects the malfunction in the EBD control.D Lights up to inform the driver when the parking brake is ON or thebrake fluid level is low.MeterVSC Warning Light*1Lights up to alert the driver when the skid control ECU detects themalfunction in the TRC or VSC system.Master Warning Light*2Lights up to alert the driver when the skid control ECU detects themalfunction in the TRC or VSC system.Multi-information2Displays a warning massage to alert the driver when the skid controlDisplay*2py g gECU detects a malfunction in the TRC or VSC system.Engine ECUD Sends the throttle valve angle signal, accelerator pedal positionsignal, engine speed signal, and shift lever position signal to theskid control ECU.D Receives the signal of throttle control request from the skid controlECU.Parking Brake Switch Detects when the parking brake lever is pulled up.Speed Sensors Detects the wheel speed of each 4 wheels.Stop Light Switch Detects the brake pedal depressing signal.Distance Control ECU*3Transmits a signal to the skid control ECU via the engine ECU, in orderto activate brake control when the distance control ECU hasdetermined that the distance to the vehicle being driven ahead has beenshortened based on signals from the millimeter wave radar sensor.Brake ActuatorChanges the fluid path based on the signals from the skid control ECUduring the operation of the ABS with EBD & brake assist & TRC &VSC system, in order to control the fluid pressure that is applied to thewheel cylinders.Master CylinderPressure SensorAssembled in the brake actuator and detects the master cylinderpressure.Skid Control ECUJudges the vehicle driving condition based on signals from eachsensor, and sends brake control signal to the brake actuator.Solenoid Relay Supply power to the solenoid valves.Motor Relay*4Supply power to the pump motor in the brake actuator.VSC Warning BuzzerEmits an intermittent sound to inform the driver that the skid controlECU detects the strong front skid tendency or strong rear skidtendency.Yaw Rate & Deceleration Sensor*5D Detects the vehicle’s yaw rate.D Detects the vehicle’s longitudinal and lateral acceleration.Yaw Rate & Lateral Acceleration Sensor*4D Detects the vehicle’s yaw rate.D Detects the vehicle’s lateral acceleration.Steering Angle Sensor Detects the steering direction and angle of the steering wheel.Motor Relay*5Supply power to the pump motor in the brake actuator.Motor Cut Relay*5Cut the power to the pump motor in the brake actuator.*1: Models without multi-information display*2: Models with multi-information display*3: Models with dynamic radar type cruise control system*4: Model with Bosch brake actuator*5: Model with ADVICS brake actuator [...]... Master Cylinder Pressure Sensor CH (3) (2) (1) (5) (10 ) (7) Pumps (8) (11 ) (6) (9) (4) (12 ) Reservoirs Front Right Rear Right Rear Left Front Left 025CH74Y Component (1) , (4) Master Cylinder Cut Solenoid Valve (2), (3) Reservoir Cur Solenoid Valve (5), (6), (7), (8) Pressure Holding Valve (9), (10 ), (11 ), (12 ) Pressure Reduction Valve CH -1 4 4 CHASSIS – BRAKE 11 System Operation Normal Braking Operation...CH -1 4 2 CHASSIS – BRAKE 10 Brake Actuator D The brake actuator consists of the actuator portion, skid control ECU, relays D Models with ADVICS brake actuator consists of 10 solenoid valves, 1 pump motor, 2 pumps, 2 pressure regulator valves, 2 reservoirs and 1 master cylinder pressure sensor D Models with Bosch brake actuator consists of 12 solenoid valves, 1 pump motor, 2 pumps, 2 reservoirs and 1. .. Activated Item (1) , (1) (4) (2), (2) (3) (5), (6), (7), (8) (9), (10 ), (11 ), (12 ) Master Cylinder Cut Solenoid Valve Port: (A), (D) Reservoir Cut Solenoid Valve Port: (B), (C) Pressure Holding Valve Port: (E), (F), (G), (H) Pressure Reduction Valve Port: (I), (J), (K), (L) Brake Assist Not Activated Brake Assist Activated OFF/Open ON/Close OFF/Close ON/Open OFF/Open z OFF/Close z CH -1 5 1 CHASSIS – BRAKE... condition by adjusting continually CH -1 5 4 " CHASSIS – BRAKE Pressure Increase Mode (Model with Bosch brake actuator) A Master Cylinder Brake Actuator Master Cylinder Pressure Sensor Port (A) Port (F) (2) (1) Port (D) Port (C) Port (B) Port (G) (3) (4) Port (E) Port (J) Port (H) (5) (9) (10 ) (7) (8) (11 ) (12 ) (6) Port (K) Port (L) Port (I) Front Right Rear Left Item (1) , (1) (4) (2), (2) (3) Front F t Brake... CH -1 5 9 CHASSIS – BRAKE " Pressure Increase Mode (Model with Bosch brake actuator) A Master Cylinder Brake Actuator Master Cylinder Pressure Sensor Port (A) Port (D) Port (B) Port (C) CH Port (F) (3) (2) (1) (4) Port (H) Port (E) Port (J) Port (I) Port (G) (5) (9) (10 ) (7) Pumps (8) (11 ) Port (K) Port (L) (12 ) Rear Right (6) Front Left Reservoirs Front Right Rear Left Increase Mode 025CH78Y CH -1 6 0... CH -1 6 3 CHASSIS – BRAKE " Pressure Increase Mode (Model with Bosch brake actuator) A Master Cylinder Brake Actuator Master Cylinder Pressure Sensor Port (A) Port (D) Port (B) Port (C) CH Port (F) Port (H) (1) (2) (3) (4) Port (E) Port (K) Port (I) Port (J) Port (G) (5) (9) (10 ) (7) Pumps (8) (11 ) (12 ) Rear Right (6) Front Left Port (L) Reservoirs Front Right Rear Left 025CH79Y Increase Mode CH -1 6 4... No .1 Bus) Combination Meter Crankshaft Position Sensor Throttle Body Brake System Warning Light Engine ECU Slip Indicator Light Throttle Control Motor Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor Throttle Position Sensor VSC Warning Light *1 Neutral Start Switch *1: Models without Multi-information Display *2: Models with Multi-information Display Master Warning Light*2 Multi-information Display*2 025CH47P CH -1 5 6... Sensor Port (B) Port (A) (1) Port (D) (2) Port (E) Port (F) Port (C) Pumps (3) Port (H) (4) (5) Port (I) (6) Pressure Regulator Valves Port (J) Port (G) (7) Front Left (8) (9) Rear Right Reservoirs Rear Left Pressure Increase Mode (10 ) Front Right 259ESI12 CH -1 5 8 CHASSIS – BRAKE VSC Activated Item (1) , (1) (2) Master Cylinder Cut Solenoid Valve Port: (A), (B) (3) (6) Front Brake (7) (10 ) Pressure Holding... No .1 Bus) Combination Meter Crankshaft Position Sensor Throttle Body Brake System Warning Light Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor Engine ECU Throttle Position Sensor Throttle Control Motor Neutral Start Switch *1: Models without Multi-information Display *2: Models with Multi-information Display Slip Indicator Light VSC Warning Light *1 Master Warning Light*2 Multi-information Display*2 025CH45P CH CH -1 5 2... the operating condition by adjusting continually CH -1 5 0 " CHASSIS – BRAKE Pressure Increase Mode (Model with Bosch brake actuator) A Master Cylinder Brake Actuator Master Cylinder Pressure Sensor Port (A) Port (F) (1) Port (D) Port (C) Port (B) (3) (2) Port (G) (4) Port (H) Port (E) Port (J) Port (I) (5) (7) (6) (9) (10 ) Port (K) Port (L) (8) (11 ) (12 ) Rear Right Front Left Pumps Reservoirs Front Right . WheelCylinderD13N69 D13N70 D13N71CH -1 4 6ABS with EBD OperationBased on the signals received from the 4 wheel speed sensors and yaw rate & deceleration sensor *1/ yawrate. CylinderPressure Sensor (1) (2)(5) (6)(9) (10 )Front Right Rear LeftPumpsReservoirs (3) (4)(7) (8) (11 ) (12 )Rear Right Front LeftCH -1 43& quot; Hydraulic Circuit