A handbook of british lepidoptera

A HANDBOOK BEITISH LEPIDOPTERA ¥8^ A HANDBOOK OF BEITISH LEPIDOPTEEA BY EDWARD MEYRICK, ASSISTANT MASTER AT B.A., F.Z.S., F.E.S MARLBOROUGH COLLEGE ^H[A$f j^^ian/^^ c- ,RIES 5^nt/ M,.lished for the first time, is not BRITISH LEPIDOPTERA vi based on the British species only, but my the outcome of is The study of the Lepidoptera of the whole world specific descriptions are usually made from amples, but in cases where a species there is no reason to is British ex- rare in Britain suppose that the British form from the Continental, I have not hesitated to avail and differs myself Larval descriptions require of good series of the latter be made from living specimens, and it would have been impossible to hope to see most of the species within to I have therefore drawn up these to the judgment from a comparison of the most a limited time best of my ; trustworthy published descriptions, though they are often amazingly contradictory On sions, disputed points I have simply stated conclu- based on the best available evidence, but without Published localities or statements which are discussion discredited are omitted without may my comment such omissions The general exposi; be assumed to be intentional tion of principles in the Introduction nmst be accepted in place of the explanation of particular instances I desire gratefully to acknowledge the assistance rendered by Miss M Ivimber, F.E.S., in collecting and tabulating for me a vast inimber of records of geo- graphical distribution obtained from the various entomological periodicals and published local lists, as well as others furnished to her by reliable private correspondents E bth Auijust 1S95 MEYRICK INDEX 838 scalella, Sc, 584 seinicostellus, Scardia, 778 schalleriana, L., 524 schiffcrmillcrclla, Scltiff., 797 schmidiella, Fr., 663 Heyd., 609 schoenicolella, Stt., 705 Schoenobius, 400 sclirankella, Hh., 680 sclimidiellus, Schraiikia, 149 schreberella, F., 745 Hb., 608 seniidecandrella, Stt., 595 semifascia, Hw., 751 semifasciana, Hw., 461 semifulvella, Hw 792 semifusca, Hw., 765 semifuscana, Stph., 498 Seinioscopis, 616 semipurpurella, Stph., 804 semirubella, Sc, 366 , scmirufa, Hw., 373 Schreckensteiuia, 690 schreibersiana, FriJl., 556 scbulziana, F 466 seiiiitestacella schwarziella, Z., 793 Sciapteron, 567 scintilulana, Hb., 705 senectella, Z., 589 , 672 scitella, Z., 756 Scoliaula, 727 scoliiforme, Bkb., 564 Scoliopteryx, 154 scolopacina, Esp., 132 Scoparia, 419 scopariaiia, HS., 513 scajmriella, Hein., 621 scopariella, Z., 743 scopoliana, Hw., 499 scopoliana, Wilk., 499 scotmia, Wilk., 522 scotica, White, 423 scoticella, Stt., 747 scothiella, HS., 600 scriptana, Hb., 461 scriptella, Hb., 597 scrophulariae, Cap., 48 scutosa, Schiff., 109 scut'ulana, Wilk., 495 scutulata, Bkh., 239 scufulatella, Stt., 747 Scytbris, 685 Scytbropia, 779 scirpi, Stt., segetiim, Scbitf , 91 Hb., 395 selene, Scbilf., 330 Selenia, 282 Selidosema, 262 S KUDOS EM DAK, 254 sellana, Hb., 463 semele, L., 338 seniialbana, Gn., 532 semiargu.s, Rott., 345 selasellus, I scmibniiUR'a, Hw., 51 scnecionds, Curt., 767 VatigJiaii, 377 senectana On., 503 senescens, Stt., 686 senex, Hb., 31 Seuta, 124 sepiaria, Hut'n., 266 sepinm, Spr 774 , sep^iella, F., 806 septembrella, Stt., 724 sequana, Hb., 501 sequax, Hw., 599 seqiiella, CL, 701 Serena, F., 81 718 27 sericealis, Sc, 169 sericiella, Hw., 683 sericopeza, Z., 725 serotinus, Z., 441 serella, Stt., sericea, Gregs., serricornis, Stt., 671 servillana, Du[i 510 , Setina, 30 sexalisata, Hb., 181 sheplierdaiia, Stph., 525 335 687 siccifolia, Stt., 647 sicula, Hb., 317 siculana, Hb., 479 signatana, Dgl., 484 siguatella, HS., 610 silaceata, lib., 214 silago, Hb., 61 silvellus, Hb., 390 Simaethis, 706 sitiiilana, Hb., 495 similana, JFilk., 463 siniilella, Hb., 636 siniilis, Fiie.sl., 174 similis, Stt., 589 sibilla, L , siccclla, Z , INDEX 839 sim[ilaiia, F R., Sphingidae, 292 siuiiilicella, Sphinx, 297 sphinx, Hufii simulaiis, Hufii., 98 spilodactyUis, Cuit., 437 spiniana, Dnp., 508 473 HS., 792 simpliciaua, H\v., 5(2 simulata, Hb., 210 , 57 sinapis, L., 352 spinic'olella, Stt., sinuana, Stpli., 531) spiniella, Hb., 769 sinuata, Hb., 217 766 spinolella, Dup., 739 spintda, Schiff., 315 spissicella, F., 370 s[>lendana, Hb., 515 splendidella, HS., 309 splcndidi-ssimella, HS., 717 splendidiilana, Gn., 506 Spodoptera, 113 sponsa, L., 162 sponsana, F., 522 squamatdla, Stt., 727 squamosella, Stt., 657 stabilana, Stph., 498 stabilella, Fr., 669 stabilis, View., 73 stachydalis, Zk., 416 stagnata, Don., 402 Staintoni, Sire, 682 staintoniana, Barr., 464 stanneella, F.R., 683 Stathniopoda, 663 statices, L 449 Stauropus, 307 steinkelluoriana, Srliill'., 617 stellatarum, L., 294 Stenia, 404 Stenoleehia, 577 Stenoptilia, 440 Stephensi, Stt., 682 Stephcnsia, 674 Sten-ha, 240 STERRHID.A.E, 233 Stcrrhopterix, 444 stettinen.si.s, Kic, 744 418 sticticalis, L stigmatella, F., 751 stigmatica, Hb., I(i3 Stilbia, 124 Stilpnotia, 174 stipella, Dbld., 636 stipella, Hb., 574 stramenfalis, Hb., 424 straminalis, Hb., 424 sti'aminata, Tr 236 straniinea, Hw., 557 spiniella, Z., 376 581 Hufn., 212 Sitotroga, 571 smaragdaiia, F., 249 sinuella, F., lircomclla, Stt., siterata, smeatlimaniiiana, F., 548 Smerinthus, 299 sobrina, Gn lOii sobrinata, Hb., 196 socia, Rott., 51 , Bkh., 206 385 sodalella, Z., 382 sociata, sociella, L., sodaliana, JVilk., 555 solandriana, L 497 , 165 Solaris, Esp., Solenobia, 774 solidaginis, Hb., 51 649 601 somnuleutella, Z., 758 sorbi, Fr., 741 sorbi, Stt., 721 sorbiana, Hb 531 borbiella, Tr., 764 sordida, Bkli., 133 sordidana, Hb 498 sordidata, F 212 sororcula, Hufn., 28 solitariella, Z., solutella, Z., , , , sororculana, Zett., 462 sororculella, Hb 600 , spaclicea, Hw., 65 spadicearia, Bkb., 229 sparganella, Thnb., 697 sparganii, Esp., Ill Sparganothis, 528 sparmannella, Bosc, 803 sparsaria, Hb., 199 sparsicilidla, Barr., b>^2 FuesL, 199 spartiella, Schrk., 609 spartifoliella, Hb., 755 spatulella, HS., 729 Sphaeroeca, 490 spbeciforme, Geiii., 565 spartiata, , , , 741 INDEX 840 succeiituriata, L., 190 straininea, Tr., 71 dramincella, SU., 752 stramineola, Dhlcl., 28 stratariiis, Hufn 278 stratiotata, L., 403 strelilzicUa., i/*S'., 601 striana, Schift'., 469 striata, L., 38 striatella, Hb., 572 strigaria, Hb 243 strigata, Miill., 247 strigilaria, Hb., 243 strigilis, CI., 137 strigillaria, Hb., 272 strigosa, F., 141 strigula, Schiff., 34 strigula, Tlinb 95 strobilella, L., 485 suaedella, Rich., 592 suasa, Bkh., 84 suavella, Zk., 380 , , subalbidella, ScliL, 6^4 auhammanella, StL, 783 snbaquilea, Stt., 636 subarcuana, Wilk., 480 snbbaimianniaiia, Wilk., 554 subbiiiiaculella, Hw., 725 subbistrigella, Hw., 681 subciliata, Gn., 193 subdecurtella, Stt., 574 subfulvata, Hw., 189 suhjedana, Gn., 540 •siiblnstris, Esp., 131 siibnigrcUa, Dgl., 669 subiiotata, Hb., 197 suhohscurclla, DWd., 670 subocellana, Don., 492 subocellea, Stpli., 579, 673 suhochrcclla, Dhld., 637, 674 subornatclla, Dup., 364 subpropinquella, Stt., 623 subpiirpurella, Hw 805 subrosea, Stpli., 97 subroseana, Hw., 550 subroseana, Wilk., 551 subsequa, Hb., 101 subsequana, Hw., 485 subsericeata, Hw., 237 subtilella, Fuchs, 783 suUristata, Hw., 206 subtu.sa, F., 118 suhunibrnta., On., 197 succedana, FroL, 514 , suftumata, Hb., 214 sufTusa, Hb., 91 su/fusuna, Z., 489 577 758 snlphuraUs, L., 167 sulplmrella, F., 633 sutfusella, Dgl., sufl'usella, Z .sul{)lmrellum, Hw 749 , sulzdla, Schiff., 795 suspecta, Hb., 64 Swammerdainia, 768 swammprdamraella, L., 793 sicedcrcNa, Thnb., 751 sylvainis, Esp., 359 sylvata, Hb., 223 sylvata, Sc, 268 Wood, 659 sylvaticella, sylvella, Hw., 737 700 sylvella, L., sylvestrana Curt., 471 sijlvcstrclla, Rag., 369 sylvinus, L., 800 Sjanmoca, 610 Synaphe, 429 Syiidpsia 266 Siiiil'niilili'Iae, Sjjiduiiiis, 23 23 syringaria, L., 284 syringclla, F., 752 tabaiiiforme, Rott., 567 tdbulcUa, Brd , 774 Tacbyptilia, 604 tncniitdacUila, Soutli, 434 tai'iiiata, Stpli., taeiiiatella, Stt., 218 670 taeniolella, Z., 581 tages, L.-, 357 Talcjioria, 775 tuhiindta, Hb., 270 503 785 taraxaci, Hb., 123 taiiaceti, Stt., tapetiella, L., tarquiniella, Stt., 574 tarsipennalis, Tr., 147 tedella, CL, 494 Teicliobia, 777 te^nerafu, Hb., 269 temerella, Z., 604 temjili, Tlnib., 55 teiiebrata, Su., 167 teiicbrclla, Hb., 575 — INDEX tenebrosa, Hb., 11-3 tcnebrosclla, Z., 57 tenella, Z., 738 tcncrana, I)uj)., 475 'Lini^troniu^ Nolcl:, 718 t,-,i,istrni iiJrnfaria, Hw., 229 uiiil'asciaua, Dup 532 unilh.sciatti, Hw 218 unimaculella, Zett 804 unionalis, Hb., 405 unipuncta, Hw., 70 unitella, Hb., 637 npupana, Tr 481 Uraba, 33 urticae, Esp 40 urticae, Hi., 159 urticae, L., 333 urticana, Hb., 467 iirticata, L., 407 ustomaculana Curt., 485 iisliiJana, Hid., 464 u-stulellus, F., 609 , , , , , , Utetheisa, 37 typica, L., 101 vaccinella, Hb., 625 Tyria, 37 vacciniana, Z., 474 udaua, Gn , nnrhiieUa, 549 uddmanniana, L , 488 vlicana, Gn., 504 iilicetana, Hw., 514 ulicicolella, Stt., 743 uliginosalis, Stph., 414 uUginosana, Westw., 525 390 ulmana, Hb 556 v/ma/a, F., 268 uhneUa, Knaggs, 423 ulmella, Z., 732 ulmitbliella, Hb., 739 ulraivora, Hein., 718 v/limaria, B., 191 ultimella, Stt., 628 2ilvae, Hb., 124 umbellana, Sti)h., 621 umbra, Hufn., 119 uinbrana, Hb., 521 umbratica, L., 48 unibrosa, Hb., 102 umbrosella, Z., 588 unangiilata, Hw 217 unanimis, Tr., 135 uncana, Hb., 480 uliginosellus, Z , , , v.iri-iuii, Stt., 742 L., 66 vacculella, F R., 778 Valeria, 55 Hb., 188 329 niJUgera, Hb., 90 \'aiiessa, 332 variata, Schiff., 210 varicgana, Hb., 462 variegana, Schiff., 523 variella, St]ih., 687 v-aurewn, Gn., 158 vectisana, Wcstw., 549 velleda, Hb., 800 velocella, Dup., 602 venosa, Bkh., 144 venosata, F., 186 Venu.sia, 225 veuustula, Hb., 165 verbascali.s, Schiff, 416 verbascenu.s, Hb., 608 verbasci, L., 49 vcrelhis, Zk., 392 verhuellella, Stt., 777 vernana, Knaggs, 507 valeriaiiata, viilrsina, Esp., INDEX vuliiaraiiae, Z., 653 vcMiaria, HI)., 249 319 verticalis, L., 418 verticalis, Miiff., 406 verticiUiita, Gn., 158 vespertaria, Stph., 282 rcspi/ormc, JVcslw., 507 vewtigialis, Rott 90 vetiilata, SchifF., 202 vetusta, Hb., 50 rctnsldia, Stt., 732 v-ilavuiii, Hw., 733 vibicella, Hb., 652 vibieigerella, Z., 653 vibrana, HIj., 706 vibiirniaiia, F., 537 vicinclla, Dgl., 596 vichcaria, BJch., 264 versicolora, L 843 , wailesella, Stt., 755 w-album, Kn., 343 walkerana, Curt., 52/ warringtonellus, wauaria, L., 259 , Wcaveri, , 605 42 villosella, 0., 444 viminalis, F., 52 viminetella, Z., 648 rimineticola, Fr., 723 viminetorum, Stt., 740 viminiella, Stt., 743 viiiculella, HS., 792 vinolentella, HS., 678 vinula, L 311 viretata, Hb., 180 virgata, Rott., 207 virgnureac, L., 344 virgaureae, Stt., 657 virgaureana, Tr 539 virgaureata, Dbld., 191 virgnlaria, Hli., 236 viridana, L 537 viriilaria, 01., 166 viridaria, F., 232 viridata, L., 248 viridella, Sc, 795 viscariella, Stt., 594 visccrella, Stt., 715 vitalbata, Hb., 198 vitellina, Hb., 69 vitisella, Gregs, 648 vittata, Bkh., 226 vittella, L., 701 v-nigrwm, F., 170 vorticella, Sc 582 vulgata, H\v., 188 vulgella, Hb., 598 vilella, Z., Stt., iri'ifana, Dgl., weirella, Stt., 393 725 506 629 WilJcinsoni, Scott, 648 loiinmerana, Wilk., 486 v-latinv.m, Bkh., 8i3 wockeella, Z., 650 Wockii, Hein., 775 woeberiana, SchifF., 476 • vigintipunctatus, Retz Stt., ivavaria, F., 259 696 woodiana, Barr., 460 woodiella Curt., 635 woolhopiella, Stt., 721 villica, L., , , , , xanthographa, F., 101 xanthomista, Hb., 54 Xanthorhoe, 225 xanthotricha, Stgr., 373 Xeiiolecbia, 583 xerampelina, Hb., 60 xylosteana, L 530 xylostella, HI}., 702 xylostella, L., 698 , yeatiana, F., 624 Yponomeuta, 695 ypsilon, Bkh., 64 ypsilon, Rott., 91 Ypsolophus, 607 Zcllcri, Knaggs, 423 Rag., 382 Zelleria, 767 zephyrana, Tr., 547 Zelleri, zephyrella, Hb 626 , Zetterstedtii, Z., 434 Zeuzera, 446 Zeuzeridak, 445 ziczac, L., 304 Zinckenii, Tr., 51 zoegana, L., 558 zonariella, Tgst 671 zonaria, Schiff., 276 , zophodactyla, I)up., 440 Zygacna, 446 Zyuaenidae, 446 Printed by R & 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THE FLOWERS ; tions Sir John Illustra- 3s Gd THE APODID^ A MORPHOITS M Ward, MACMILLAN AND LOGICAL STUDY Mevners Bernard, Witli 71 Illustrations CO., LONDON By Henry AL.\., Cantab 7s Gd LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION ^ ^Dfifi nhent A handbook DD3^25b5 QL482.G8M61 of British Lepidoptera, T ... generation in wai'm localities and favourable seasons of these irregular and variable appearances no accoimt is taken The larval descriptions are intended to refer to the larva in after the larva... INTRODUCTION Variation an original chai-acteristic of all Probably but the laws of inheritance, and the favouring organisms of a particular type by natural selection, have tended to produce constancy... region are called local or geographical forms those occurring at a Variation caused by particidar time of year seasonal forms the failure of colouring matter is termed albinism that due to an excessive