High Yield Warm-up Questions: Biostatistics GENERAL PRINCIPLES SET 9: BIOSTATISTICS A drug manufacturer is performing a randomized controlled clinical trial evaluating the effectiveness of their new Alzheimer’s disease medication remembevastigmine Patients will either receive remembevastigmine or placebo What is the likely hypothesis for this study? What is the likely null hypothesis for this study? A double-blinded, randomized controlled clinical trial was performed to determine if Drug A was more effective in the treatment of intermittent claudication than placebo The results of the trial showed that Drug A was more effective than placebo in the treatment of this condition (P = 0.001) Patients who took Drug A were able to walk further without pain Based on this information, what can be said about clinical significance? Following a double blinded, randomized controlled clinical trial comparing an experimental multiple sclerosis medication to placebo, researchers were able to show that the experimental medication was more effective than placebo in the treatment of this condition (P=0.001) What is the chance that a type II-beta error was committed? One year after performing a randomized controlled clinical trial to determine the effectiveness of a new diabetes medication (shugaformin) in comparison to placebo, it was determined that a drug manufacturer made a Beta Error in their clinical trial What was the likely impact of this type of error? In a randomized controlled clinical drug trial, which is worse an alpha error or beta error? 1 High Yield Warm-up Questions: Biostatistics A group of medical students received their USMLE step scores The scores are as follows: 175, 185, 185, 190, 195, 198, and 199 What are the mean, median and mode of these scores respectively? Considering standard deviations, a student that scores at the 84th percentile falls where on the curve below? (see diagram on slide) A researcher performed a research study to determine if smoking is associated with an increased risk of uterine cancer in females He followed two groups of women (smokers and non-smokers) forward in time to determine if there was an increased risk of uterine cancer What type of test should be used to analyze the data? Primary disease prevention has what effect on incidence and prevalence? 10 A physician that removes a suspicious mole from the side of a 65-year-old male's face is an example of what kind of prevention? 11 A 65-year-old male is diagnosed with prostate cancer The patient has a radical prostatectomy and receives both external beam radiation therapy and androgen deprivation therapy This is an example of what kind of prevention? 12 What is the number one risk factor for attempting suicide in a female who previously attempted suicide? High Yield Warm-up Questions: Biostatistics 13 A 34-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department after attempting suicide for the first time What is the most likely means by which she attempted to kill herself? 14 Friends and family attend the funeral of a 22-year-old male If the male did not die from suicide or an injury, what was the most likely cause of death? 15 A 72-year old female falls outside her home while shoveling snow and is taken to the emergency department by ambulance Will the fee for the ambulance be covered by Medicare? 16 A 62-year-old male is scheduled to have dialysis He has been retired for years and lives alone Will the dialysis be covered by Medicare? 17 Is a medical resident working at a large university hospital likely to make more money per year than a medical resident working at a small city hospital? These question sets are intended to be completed before viewing the High Yield course lectures Video explanations can be found on the Warm-up Questions page within the online High Yield course For further review of the topics covered in this set, refer to the following lectures: Epidemiology and Biostatistics: • Biostatistics 3 ... Yield course For further review of the topics covered in this set, refer to the following lectures: Epidemiology and Biostatistics: • Biostatistics ... attempting suicide in a female who previously attempted suicide? High Yield Warm-up Questions: Biostatistics 13 A 34-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department after attempting suicide... make more money per year than a medical resident working at a small city hospital? These question sets are intended to be completed before viewing the High Yield course lectures Video explanations